1、考前冲刺卷(一)选择题部分第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFor some years，my mother worked for a charity as President and Secretary.Selling raffle tickets(兑奖券) was her main means of bringing in the charitys muchneeded funds.We girls would accompany her，selling
2、 tickets with great success.My father made and donated beautiful wooden toys，jewellery boxes and other lovely items as prizes.Now my sister was always coming up with “good ideas”，most of which didnt work out to plan.But that didnt deter her.She had many just waiting to be tested.When she was eight a
3、nd I was just five，we had a wonderful idea for a business adventure.We decided we would sell raffle tickets for charity，and that charity was us!So one afternoon，we told our mother we were going to play in the park with our cousins as we did most days after school.But instead，we walked around the str
4、eets armed with a raffle book，a pen and a large cloth bag to carry the money.Wed accompanied our mother many times when she sold tickets，so people were familiar with us when we appeared at their doors.Despite the blank looks they received when asking about the prizes on offer，they were very generous
5、.Although there were no actual prizes，our mothers previous track record enabled us to sell nearly the whole book of raffle tickets.Like a little pair of lottery(彩票) winners，we walked home and proudly showed off our takings.But our enjoyment of this sudden wealth was shortlived，and our plans for spen
6、ding it quickly failed.Our angry mother took us back to every ticket buyer，making us apologise and give the money back.Thankfully，our sweet neighbours didnt make a big deal of our “clever” misbehavior and thus my mothers fundraising career could continue safely.We were taught a good lesson by our mo
7、ther that day.Also I remember my sisters entrepreneurial(企业家的) spirit dried up a bit after that.语篇解读本文是记叙文，姐妹俩假借妈妈之名出售兑奖券且企图将所得据为己有。事后在妈妈的教育下，姐妹俩意识到自己的错误，对自己的行为进行了诚恳地道歉。1What does the underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 2 mean?AEmbarrass. BShock.CDiscourage. DMislead.答案C解析词义猜测题。由转折词But以及下文提到的姐姐继续具体
8、实施她的想法可知，之前的失败并没有阻止姐姐。deter意为“阻止”。2What can be learned about the author and her sister while selling raffle tickets?AThey ran into their mother.BThey met some generous strangers.CThey got lost while walking around the streets.DThey took advantage of peoples trust in their mother.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“A
9、lthough there were no actual prizes，our mothers previous track record enabled us to sell nearly the whole book of raffle tickets.”可知，姐妹俩利用人们对妈妈的信任得以出售出很多兑奖券。3What lesson did the author and her sister learn?AHonesty is the best policy.BWhats done cant be undone.CMisfortune never comes alone.DGood adv
10、ice is beyond all price.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our angry mother.making us apologise and give the money back.We were taught a good lesson by our mother that day.”可知，妈妈对于姐妹俩故作聪明的小把戏非常气愤，命令二人向奖券购买者道歉，并退还所得。根据故事情节推断，妈妈应是教姐妹俩做人要诚实。BThe striking bright blues，yellows，and oranges of poison tree frogs are a cla
11、ssic example of warning coloration，sending a message to predators(捕食者) to stay away.But somewhat counterintuitively(反直觉地)，these colors may be helping the frogs hide in plain sight，according to a new study.These frogs live on the forest floor in the lowland rainforests of South Americas Guiana Shield
12、.The frogs are blueblack with a bright yellow ring around their head and back，which may be broken or joined to form a figure eight.Like a fingerprint，the pattern is unique to each frog.Predators generally learn that such brightly colored frogs are poisonous and tend to avoid them.But this doesnt alw
13、ays work.Foolish predators ignore the warning，while some birds and snakes seem to be able to eat poisonous frogs with few ill effects.So researchers wondered whether these poison frogs have another way of protecting themselvescamouflage(保护色)To find out，they first tested computational models of preda
14、tor vision on pictures of the frogs.Their results suggested that although the frogs are obvious at close range，their colors and patterns blend(融合) with the rainforest background as viewing distance increases.To test those results，they placed model frogs on different backgrounds in a rainforest to se
15、e how wild predators reacted.Predators attacked the frogs more often when they were placed atop(在的顶上) a picture of plain soil or a colored paper square，but less often when they were on the actual rainforest floor.And humans seem to fall for the trick，too：People who saw pictures of frogs in the rainf
16、orest took longer to spot the real frogs at a distance than a frog that had been altered(使变样) so that it didnt have the same colors and patterns.Together，this suggests that although these poison frogs are highly visible at close range，from far away their colors blend together for the perfect rainfor
17、est camouflage.The researchers consider that the frogs pattern is made up of a specific distribution of colors to give it the best of both worlds.语篇解读本文是说明文。最新研究发现，生活在南美洲的一种毒树蛙，其鲜艳的皮肤颜色与周围的环境融为一体，使得捕食者不容易发现它们。4What does the new study about poison tree frogs focus on?AHow their predators catch them.B
18、How their bright colors protect them.CWhat their bright colors are.DWhat their predators are.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“these colors may be helping the frogs hide in plain sight，according to a new study”可知，B项正确。5What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?ASummarize the previous paragraph.BUse examples
19、 to support the topic.CAdd some background information.DIntroduce a new topic for discussion.答案C解析写作目的题。第二段中作者介绍了毒树蛙的生活地点以及皮肤颜色的构成，作者写本段的目的是提供背景知识。6What do we know about the test done in the wild?AThe researchers used real frogs.BThe reseachers used computational technology.CPredators had difficulty
20、 finding frogs near them.DPredators could spot frogs on plain soil more easily.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Predators attacked the frogs more often when they were placed atop(在的顶上) a picture of plain soil”可知，在野外进行的实验中，捕食者对于放在纯地面背景上的毒蛙模型进行了更频繁的攻击，也就是说，捕食者更容易发现置于纯地面背景上的青蛙。CIn the United States，the baby boomer g
21、eneration(婴儿潮一代) include those who were born in the time after World War .Those babies have retired or are now reaching the retirement age.As these adults age，many of their adult children worry about how to take care of their aging parents.In the United States it is not common for several generation
22、s to live under one roof.Once children grow up and get married，they move out，leaving their aging parents to care for themselves.When these aging parents can no longer take care of themselves because of age or illness，it is not uncommon for adult children in the US to place their elderly parents in a
23、 nursing home.A nursing home is a place that offers care for the elderly and ill.As the name suggests，nursing homes have professionals including nurses，doctors and social workers to help aging adults deal with the challenges of daily life.And their mental health could be guaranteed for elderly peopl
24、e to get relaxed，accompanied by those of the same age.Most nursing homes also have social activities for the elderly to participate in and keep active.These activities range from games to dance classes，and movie nights.Nursing homes are supposed to provide three nutritious meals for their residents(
25、住户)Nursing homes are controversial，however.There have been cases across the country of staff in nursing homes treating the elderly residents badly and even robbing them.There are different states and federal agencies that are supposed to oversee(监管) nursing homes.Some people feel that it should be t
26、he responsibility of family members，especially adult children，to care for their aging or sick parents.However，many adult children have their own children and families to take care of，and do not have the means to care for their elderly parents；others worry about medical skills needed if their elderly
27、 parents are seriously ill.And these problems of caring for parents are bothering more and more adults in the US at present.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论的是美国的成年子女们目前面临的“养老问题”，介绍了“送养老院”和“在家养老”的利与弊，最后作者简要介绍了“在家养老”的实际困难，引发读者的思考。7What is the first paragraph mainly about?AWhen the baby boomer generation in the US we
28、re born.BWhether the elderly and their children should live together.CWhy Americans put their elderly parents in nursing homes.DHow Americans look after their aging parents differently.答案C解析段落大意题。文章第一段说明了生育高峰期出生的一代人都渐渐变老，并且在美国，几代人同住一个屋檐下的情况很少见，因此养老问题日趋迫切，一些成年子女们将年迈的父母送到养老院。因此本段主要讲了这一行为的历史原因和文化原因。8Ho
29、w many advantages of nursing homes are mentioned?AThree. BFour.CFive. DSix.答案B解析细节理解题。文章第二段介绍了养老院的基本情况和四个优势：有专业人员负责老人们的身体健康；与同龄人轻松相处保障了老年人的良好心理状况；多种多样的社交活动；营养美味的饭菜。9Whats the writers attitude toward sending parents to nursing homes?AIndifferent. BUnderstandable.CFavorable. DDisapproving.答案B解析观点态度题。文
30、章第二段介绍了养老院的相关情况，说明了养老院养老的优势；第三段介绍了养老院存在的问题，这是人们反对养老院养老的原因之一；最后一段中However后作者介绍成年子女也面临着实际困难，养老问题困扰着越来越多的美国成年人。所以作者对“养老院养老”是理解的，知道这是“无奈之举”。10Whats the purpose of the text?ATo discuss how to care for aging parents.BTo ask the government to oversee nursing homes.CTo prove nursing homes do more harm than
31、good.DTo show problems faced by American adult children.答案D解析写作意图题。通读全文可以看出，文章主要反映了美国成年子女们所面对的“养老问题”。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If youre leading a group of people towards success，you must learn how to motivate others.Try one or more of the following ways of motivat
32、ing people.Treat people kindly.As a leader，you need to treat others helping you with the utmost respect and kindness. 11 You might not know it，but its a big motivation booster when people are treated right.People enjoy knowing that theyre doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat the
33、m with kindness.12 When people are fully responsible，theyll be more likely to find the motivation to complete the task.This is because，as a part of a group，they may not feel like their hard work matters，but when theyre responsible it certainly matters.They also know that they make a difference to th
34、e success of the project.Be a good listener.No one likes to feel like they dont matter.Having the final say doesnt mean that you neednt get any help with important decision making. 13 Always keep an open ear and youll be motivating your team to come up with good solutions and creative ideas.Set real
35、istic goals.Think long and hard about how your goal setting abilities can teach you to motivate others.You dont want to set goals that are too easy.Your team might reach them quickly but they wont be pushed to become the best they can be. 14 Your team will quickly lose motivation because theyll neve
36、r get the feeling of having met their goals.Get to know your people.Keep lines of communication open and get to know your team by paying attention to their wants，needs，strengths and weaknesses. 15 So theyll certainly be more motivated to work hard for somebody that cares about them.AOffer a nice cle
37、an working environment.BGive people responsibility.CPeople enjoy feeling like theyre making a difference.DPeople are smart and they will know when they have a leader that cares and a leader that doesnt.EHand out praise when its necessary.FA trustworthy neighbor also provides a safe place to run in c
38、ase of a fire.GMeanwhile，you dont want to set goals that are impossible to achieve，either.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。作为一个团队的领头人你一定要学会激励队员的潜能，以使他们更有效地工作。作者在此给出了几个可以激励队员的方法。11答案E解析根据本段最后一句 “People enjoy knowing that theyre doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat them with kindness.”可知人们喜欢知道他们表现很好，
39、也就是说喜欢受到表扬，故E项“Hand out praise when its necessary.(必要的时候表扬别人)”符合上下文语境。12答案B解析根据空后一句“When people are fully responsible，theyll be more likely to find the motivation to complete the task.”可知当人们有责任心的时候，他们会更有动力去完成自己的任务，故B项“Give people responsibility.(赋予人们责任)”符合上下文语境。13答案C解析根据本段内容尤其是第二句“No one likes to fe
40、el like they dont matter.”可知，人们都喜欢被重视的感觉，因此C项“People enjoy feeling like theyre making a difference.”符合上下文语境。14答案G解析由本段第一句“Set realistic goals(设立现实的目标)”可知我们设立的目标必须是能够实现的目标，不能过难也不能过于容易。由空前“设立太容易的目标，难以激发队员们的潜力”及空后内容“得不到达成目标的满足感会失去动力”可知，空处是说设立难以实现的目标，故G项与本段中心思想一致，符合上下文语境。15答案D解析根据空前一句“Keep lines of comm
41、unication open and get to know your team by paying attention to their wants，needs，strengths and weaknesses.”可知，要让人们知道他们有一个很体贴的领导，这样他们才会更加努力地工作。D项“People are smart and they will know when they have a leader that cares and a leader that doesnt.”符合上下文语境。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读
42、下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2019湖北名校高三二模)Experts say boredom is good for kids.It forces them to be creative， 16 their imaginations and helps them discover new things.A(n) 17 in point is 13yearold Luke Hill from Dubuque，Iowa.Luke was 18 of playing video games and riding his bike，so he
43、decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead.He made money from cutting lawns(草坪) and 19 exchanged some services，such as gaining the help of an electrical engineer 20 sweeping his garage.Luke also 21 spare materials from his grandmothers house and other 22 materials from his neighbors for s
44、ome of the windows and the door.The 89squarefoot home cost $1,500 to build and 23 18 months.Inside theres a kitchenette，a back sitting room，a table and a mounted(镶嵌的) TV，and an upstairs bedroom can be easily 24 by stairway.Although Luke did the 25 and learned how to do all the work，he had his father
45、s 26 throughout the project.Greg Hill was very happy that his son learned to stay on 27 and deal with grownups. 28 ，he had some simple rules when Luke 29 the house：“You 30 the money.You build it.And you own it.”Luke is now in love with 31 .He has a YouTube channel and hopes to 32 other kids to start
46、 building. 33 ，he wants to build a bigger tiny house to live in，but for now，he 34 in his new home a few nights a week，does homework there，and uses it to take a 35 from his twin brother.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。来自爱荷华州迪比克的13岁小男孩卢克，因为厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车，决定在后院建一个小房子，从此迷恋上了建筑。这个例子证明了无聊对孩子有好处。它迫使他们变得有创造力，提高他们的想象力，帮助他们发现新东西
47、。16A.changes BignoresCimproves Dweakens答案C解析根据空后的“helps them discover new things”可知是“提高”想象力，故选C。17A.method BexplanationCprocedure Dcase答案D解析一个恰当的例子是来自爱荷华州迪比克的13岁的卢克。此处指的是一个“案例”，故选D。18A.tired BfondCconfident Dguilty答案A解析卢克厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车，所以他决定在后院建一个小房子。be tired of对感到厌烦，故答案为A。19A.thus BevenCstill Danyho
48、w答案B解析他通过修剪草坪赚钱，甚至(even)还交换了一些服务，比如他帮一位电气工程师打扫车库以换取对方的帮助。故选B。20A.in exchange for Bin praise forCin support of Din place of答案A解析参见上题解析。in exchange for交换；in praise for为赞美；in support of 支持；in place of代替。根据语境可知，此处的意思是“交换”，故选A。21A.updated BorderedCremoved Dused答案D解析卢克还用(use)他祖母家的备用材料和邻居家的其他回收(recycled)材料
49、做了一些窗户和门。故选D。22A.recycled BcheapCnew Draw答案A解析参见上题解析。故选A。23A.spent BtookCsaved Dwasted答案B解析建造这个89平方英尺的房子花费了1 500美元，耗时18个月。spend花费，主语是“人”；take花费，主语是“物”，此处主语是小房子，故选B。24A.supported BaccessedCheld Dlanded答案B解析根据语境，可知，此处指很容易地通过楼梯“进入”，故选B。access到达，进入。25A.research BhouseworkCexperiment Ddiscovery答案A解析虽然卢克做
50、了研究，并学会了如何做所有的工作，但他在整个过程中都得到了父亲的帮助。research研究，调查，符合语境。26A.permission BhelpCcontrol Dorder答案B解析参见上题解析。故选B。27A.credit BbusinessCbudget Dduty答案C解析他的儿子学会了保持预算和与成年人交流，他非常高兴。budget预算，故选C。28A.Therefore BBesidesCRather DHowever答案D解析上文提到他的儿子学会了保持预算和与成年人打交道，而下文的“he had some simple rules when Luke the house”说明
51、前后表示“转折”，故选D。29A.finished BdecoratedCstarted Dpainted答案C解析根据语境“然而，当卢克开始建造这所房子时”可知选C。start开始。30A.borrow BdonateCraise Ddistribute答案C解析根据句意，此处表示“筹集资金”，故选C。31A.books BvideosCriding Dbuilding答案D解析卢克现在喜欢上了建筑。根据下文“start building”可知答案为D。32A.inspire BpressCcommand Dwarn答案A解析他有一个YouTube频道，希望能激励(inspire)其他孩子开
52、始建设。故选A。33A.Luckily BEventuallyCFrequently DStrangely答案B解析最终，他想要建造一个更大的房子住在里面。eventually最终，最后，符合语境。34A.brings out Bleaves outChangs out Dputs out答案C解析bring out生产，出版；leave out遗漏，不考虑；hang out常去某处，泡在某处；put out熄灭，出版。但是，现在他只能在他建好的小房子里待着，他每周都会在那里待上几晚。根据语境可知选C。35A.ride BriskCchance Dbreak答案D解析take a break休
53、息一下，固定搭配。此处句意可理解为，用它来暂时躲避他的双胞胎兄弟。故选D。非选择题部分第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Oneeighth of all 36. (know) bird species are threatened with extinction(灭绝)，warns a global report.That is 1,469 species 37. danger out of almost 11,000.Farming is 38. biggest thr
54、eat：1,091 of the threatened bird species are in trouble because of the growth of agriculture.Farms now occupy six times as much of Earths land surface as they 39. (do) over 300 years ago,40. (rise) from 6 to 38 percent between 1700 and today.“Its being driven by changing human consumption 41. (patte
55、rn)，particularly an increasing switch to a highmeat diet，”says Tris Allinson of BirdLife International.“Today，twoandahalf times more people are overweight 42. undernourished(营养不良的)”The growth of agriculture is destroying bird habitats.Farms are spreading out onto ever more land to grow things like c
56、ocoa，sugar，and coffee.This loss of habitat is even putting 43. (press) on relatively common species，like turtle doves in Europe and Asia and grey parrots in Africa.“The trend were 44. (real) noticing is seeing more familiar，widespread species in trouble，”says Allinson.Allinson says we can save many
57、of the threatened birds.“We do know how 45. (improve) degraded ecosystems，and we can farm more effectively，”he says.36答案known解析考查词性转换。设空处作bird species的定语，且意为“已知的”，故填known。37答案in解析考查介词。in danger意为“在危险中”。38答案the解析考查冠词。形容词最高级前需用定冠词the。39答案did解析考查动词的时态。由“over 300 years ago”可知设空处所表示的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故填did
58、。40答案rising解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处需用动词ing形式作状语，故填rising。41答案patterns解析考查名词复数。pattern是可数名词，由changing可知此处应填其复数形式。42答案than解析考查连词。由“twoandahalf times more people”可知，此处指超重的人是营养不良的人的2.5倍，故需填than。43答案pressure(s)解析考查词性转换。设空处作putting的宾语，且意为“压力”，此时pressure既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，故填pressure(s)。44答案really解析考查词性转换。设空处修饰谓语
59、动词，故填副词really。45答案to improve解析考查非谓语动词。此处用“疑问词不定式”结构作know的宾语，故填to improve。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假如你是李华，获悉中国日报(China Daily)将举办“厉害了，我的国”(Amazing China)手机摄影大赛。请写封邮件建议你的美国留学生朋友George参加，邮件内容包括：1作品要求：展示风土人情，附上作品名称；2投稿方式与截止时间：12月30日前发邮件至ac ；3表示愿意提供帮助。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头及结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数
60、。Dear George，How is everything going？ Yours，Li Hua参考范文Dear George，How is everything going? I have some exciting news for you that China Daily will hold a mobile photo contest named “Amazing China”I know you have a great love for photography，so why not give it a try?The contest welcomes submissions a
61、bout natural scenery，attractive figures or local customs of China.It will be better if each photo is accompanied with a title.Youd better send your photos to ac and the deadline for entries will be Dec.30th.I believe it is a great opportunity to share your precious experiences with us.If you are int
62、erested，Im more than happy to be your helper and offer my advice.I am looking forward to seeing your great works.Yours，Li Hua第二节概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。While it takes time，energy and money that could surely be put to a much more productive use，there are millions of collectors around the
63、 world.People collect postcards，chocolate wrappers or whatever they like.Collecting must be one of the most varied human activities，and its one that many psychologists find fascinating.Many forms of collecting have been dignified with a technical name：an arctophilist collects teddy bears，a philateli
64、st collects postage stamps and a deltiologist collects postcards.There are people who collect something because they want to make money，and this could be called an instrumental reason for collecting，that is，collecting as a means to an end.They will look for，say，antiques(古董) that they can buy cheaply
65、 and expect to be able to sell at a profit.But there may well be a psychological factor too：buying cheap and selling dear can keep the collector a sense of achievement.And as selling online is so easy，more people are joining in.If you think about collecting postage stamps，another potential reason fo
66、r it is its educational value.Stamp collecting opens a window to other countries and to the plants，animals or famous people shown on the stamps.Similarly，in the nineteenth century many collectors amassed(积累) animals and plants from around the globe and their collections provide a vast amount of info
67、rmation about the natural world.Without those collections，our understanding would be greatly inferior to what it is.Not all collectors are interested in learning from their hobby，though，so what we might call a psychological reason for collecting is the need for a sense of control and a sense of fulf
68、illment，perhaps as a way of dealing with insecurity.Stamp collectors，for instance，arrange their stamp albums，usually very neatly，organizing their collections according to certain commonplace principlesperhaps by country in alphabetic order or grouping stamps by what they describepeople，birds，maps an
69、d so on.参考范文Collecting wins the hearts of many people despite the time，effort and money they have to invest.To make a fortune is one of the reasons accounting for the habit of collecting，where a sense of accomplishment is also granted.Its academic merits are also obvious because people may have a better comprehension of the world with the information their collections provide.Actually，people sometimes just enjoy the feeling of domination and collecting serves as a hobby to resist insecurity.
