1、UNIT 5 FIRST AID Section Learning About Language基础达标练. 单句语法填空1.（2020全国卷）When he saw the mists rising (rise) from the river and the soft clouds surrounding （surround） the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.2.（2020天津卷）The dancers incredible performance had the audience on its feet clapping (clap)
2、for 10 minutes at the end of the show.3.（2020全国卷） Landing (land) on the moons far side is extremely challenging.4.（2020全国卷）I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep smiling (smile).5.（2020全国卷）I hate lying (lie) to the kids.6.I suggest finishing (finish) it in tim
3、e.7.It is no good making (make) an excuse for this.8. Shaking (shake) heads means “No” in some countries.9.Because of his bad health, the doctor advised him to give up smoking (smoke).10.The fruit looking (look) fresh in his fruit stand sells well.11.Last night, there were millions of people watchin
4、g (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.12.Theres a note pinned to the door saying (say) when the shop will open again.13.His speech was so moving (move) that most of the students couldnt hold back their tears.14. Finding (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.15. H
5、aving waited (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. 句型转换1.As long as you work hard, you will succeed. Working hard , you will succed.（现在分词作状语）2.His rich parents died and left him a lot of money.His rich parents died, leaving him a lot o
6、f money .（现在分词作状语）3.Although he had failed many times, he didnt lose heart. Although having failed many times , he didnt lose heart.（现在分词作状语）4.The girl who is sitting under that tree is my sister. The girl sitting under that tree is my sister.（现在分词作定语）5.When he was asked what had happened, he lowere
7、d his head. Asked what had happened , he lowered his head.（过去分词作状语）6.The meeting which is being held in Beijing now is of great importance. The meeting being held in Beijing now , is of great importance.（现在分词作定语）7.As she was scolded by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head. Scolde
8、d by the teacher , the girl sat there without lifting her head.（过去分词作状语）8.If we see from the mountain, we can see the river running through the city. Seeing from the mountain , we can see the river running through the city.（现在分词作状语）. 完成句子1.（2020全国卷书面表达）在享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮忙采摘挂在每棵树上的桃子。(cover)While enjo
9、ying being close to nature, we began to help pick peaches covering every tree .2.我认识那只在树上睡觉的小鸟。(sleep)I know the bird sleeping in the tree .3.她的工作是洗衣服、打扫卫生和照顾孩子。(wash, clean, take care of)Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children .4.读了很多遍，这篇难懂的文章似乎容易多了。(read) Having been read many
10、 times , the difficult passage seems much easier.5.我希望不久之后能看见你。(see)Im looking forward to seeing you soon .6.由于没有完成他们的家庭作业，他们放学后就被留下了。(finish) Not having finished their homework , they were left after school.素养综合练. 阅读理解（2021广西桂林高二期末）Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to e
11、scape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route-through the boot（行李厢）.Mr. Johnsons car had finished up in a ditch（沟渠） at Romney Marsin, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. “Fortunately, the water began to come in on
12、ly slowly,” Mr. Johnson said. “I couldnt force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sound
13、ing the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.Later he said, “It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to mak
14、e someone hear, but no help came.”It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench（扳手）and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by. “It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave , but as so
15、on as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”His hands and arms cut and bruised（擦伤）, Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmers wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket,
16、he said, “That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.1.Which of the following objects is the most important to Mr. Johnson?A.The hammer.B.The coin.C.The screw.D.The
17、 horn.2.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?A.Mr. Johnsons car stood on its boot as it fell down.B.Mr. Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam.C.Mr. Johnsons car accident was partly due to the slippery road.D.Mr. Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he
18、 unscrewed the back seat.3.The underlined part “Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that “ ”.A.luckily the door was torn away in the endB.at last the wrench went brokenC.the lock came open after all his effortsD.the chance was lost at the last minute4.What is the best title for this newspaper arti
19、cle?A.The Story of Mr. Johnson, a Sweet SalesmanB.Car Boot Can Serve as the Best Escape RouteC.Driver Escapes Through Car BootD.The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident答案：1.B 解析：1. 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于车祸，Peter Johnson被困于水下半小时，最后死里逃生的故事。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“It was really a half penny that s
20、aved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot.”可知，硬币是Johnson先生最重要的东西。答案：2.C 解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段Mr. Johnsons car had finished up in a ditch（沟渠） at Romney Marsin, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. 可知，Johnson先生的车祸，部分是由
21、于路滑造成的。答案：3.C 解析：3.【命题立意】句意理解题。【解题思路】根据上文began to work on the boot lock以及下文的“as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in”可推知，在他努力之后锁被打开了。结合语境Finally it gave理解为“经过他的努力，锁终于开了”。答案：4.C 解析：4.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第一段Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape f
22、rom his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route-through the boot（行李厢）. 可知，本文主要讲述了Peter Johnson从行李厢逃生的故事，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“司机从汽车行李厢逃生”。深度解析词汇积累1. escape from从逃离2. flood in涌入3. struggle n.搏斗；斗争4. hammer v.锤击5. desperately adv.拼命地难句分析原句
23、：Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot.句意：Johnson先生是Sitting Home公司能说会道的推销员，他首先试图通过按喇叭、敲打车顶和行李厢来吸引其他驾车者的注意。分析：这是一个较为复杂的简单句；名词短语a sweet salesman of Sitting Home作同位语，解释说明Johnson先生的职业
24、；and连接两个动名词短语作介词by的宾语。. 语法填空A（2021陕西西安长安区高二月考）Australia 1 (lie) in the smallest continent-Oceania. It is a mainly dry country, whose big cities lie on the southeast coast. This is 2 most Australians live. The centre of the continent, which is mainly desert and dry grassland, has few 3 (settlement).A
25、ustralia is a popular destination attracting many tourists 4 (come) to experience its unique ecology, so efficient transport is of great importance. With the economy 5 (grow), its industries develop 6 (rapid)a higher level of production, a wider range of products.Although Australian states are auton
26、omous, it has a federal government 7 (responsibility) for matters that affect people all over the country. The federal government is 8 (locate)in Canberra. The representatives of other countries have their embassies here. Australia wants to strengthen relations with her neighbors.Australia is 9 stra
27、nge land, a land of vast expanses-fertile valleys, snow fields and deserts-also a land with unique animals, many of which cannot 10 (find)on any other continent in the world.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.lies 解析：1.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的地理位置、人文环境和政治情况等。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Australi
28、a，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。答案：2.where 解析：2.考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句，且从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。答案：3.settlements 解析：3.考查名词的数。此处settlement是可数名词，few后面需用名词复数形式。答案：4.to coming 解析：4.考查非谓语动词。attract sb. to doing sth. 意为“吸引某人做某事”。答案：5.growing解析：5. 考查非谓语动词。该空所在部分为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，the economy和grow为主谓关系，需填grow的现在分词
29、形式。答案：6.rapidly 解析：6.考查副词。空处修饰动词develop，需填副词作状语。答案：7.responsible 解析：7.考查形容词。be responsible for意为“为负责”。此处需用形容词短语作后置定语，修饰名词government。答案：8.located 解析：8.考查固定搭配。be located in意为“位于”。答案：9.a 解析：9.考查冠词。land意为“国家，地区”时为可数名词，表示泛指，且strange发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。答案：10.be found 解析：10.考查被动语态。which指代先行词animals，且和find构
30、成被动关系，故需用被动语态；cannot后面需用动词原形，故填be found。B（2021浙江嘉兴高二期中）Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country. In Australia, Canada, the United States 1 European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected. While seen as a nice gesture, it is more important to avoid 2 (give) highly personal gifts such
31、 as clothing. When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3 (country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.In America, 4 (expense) gifts are definitely out. A good 5 (choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to 6 entertainment or a sporting event. 7 the
32、 contrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan. In Japan the proper gift is thought 8 (express)the givers true friendship, gratitude and respect far 9 (well) than words can. So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here, be prepared.Australia is known for its friendli
33、ness and informality. So modest gifts, such as a diary, a paperweight, or a coffee cup might 10 (present) to a friend. At a trade show, T-shirts, ties, baseball caps, or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs. Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1
34、0. 答案：1.and 解析：1.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地不同文化中送礼的不同礼仪以及需要注意的事项。考查连词。本句中Australia, Canada, the United States 和 European countries四部分形成并列结构，一起作介词in的宾语。答案：2.giving 解析：2.考查动名词。avoid doing sth. 意为“避免做某事”，其中动名词doing sth. 作动词avoid的宾语。答案：3.countries 解析：3.考查名词的数。空前有these修饰，后面要接可数名词复数形式。答案：4.expensive 解析：4.考查形容词。
35、形容词expensive在句中作定语修饰名词gifts。答案：5.choice 解析：5.考查名词。系动词is前面是主语，主语通常是名词或代词，应该使用动词choose的名词形式choice作主语。答案：6.an 解析：6.考查不定冠词。不定冠词an修饰entertainment，泛指一场娱乐活动，和后面的a sporting event构成并列关系。答案：7.On 解析：7.考查固定短语。短语on the contrary意为“恰恰相反”，表示上下文的转折关系。答案：8.to express 解析：8.考查不定式。be thought to do意为“被认为要做”，其中不定式作补足语，补充说明主语。答案：9.better 解析：9.考查比较级。本句中把礼物与语言相比，来说明恰当的礼物被认为比语言可以更好地表达送礼者真诚的友谊。所以使用比较级形式better。答案：10.be presented 解析：10.考查被动语态。由语境可知，此处使用提示词的被动语态形式。空前有情态动词might，故填be presented。9