1、备考2021高考科技类时政新闻阅读题源研究表明 “乐观”更能战胜病毒导读：无论性别、种族或民族，自我报告乐观分数高的人患高血压的可能性相较低了22%。较低的高血压风险是降低心脏病、中风和死亡风险的一个重要因素。双语阅读Theres a lot of doom and gloom these days.above surges in many countries., but that horizon is still feeling pretty unreachable. While several pharmaceutical companies have reported excellent
2、 outcomes in vaccine trials in large groups of adults, the reality of the challenges ahead, including transport, storage, administration, tiers of who gets it first, and, perhaps most important, willingness of a large percentage of the worlds population to be immunized against Covid-19 infections, p
3、uts the light at the end of this seemingly endless dark tunnel even further away.这些天以来，有太多的厄运伴随着忧郁。许多国家的冠状病毒病例激增。疫苗是已近在眼前了，但这一前景似乎依然遥不可及。虽然据一些制药公司报道，在大量的成人疫苗试验中，效果显著，现实挑战却近在眼前，包括运输、存储、管理、第一批注射人群，还有还有，也许最重要的是，大比例的世界人口的意愿进行Covid-19免疫疫苗接种对抗感染，使光照在这个黑暗隧道的尽头，却使其显得更为无穷无尽了。But cheer up!President-Elect Bide
4、n has told us. Many may find this sentiment to be trite, but some studies have demonstrated that such an outlook may translate into objectively improved health outcomes. Just ascan be associated with poor outcomes after surgeries, optimism may lead to the opposite. A recent study followed over 103,0
5、00 active-duty military men and women over a five-year period. Questionnaires regarding health conditions, depression, sociodemographics, health behaviors, and yes, optimism, were followed, as well as objective measures such as incidence of high blood pressure.振作起来!“救援就在路上!”当选总统拜登已经告诉我们。很多人可能会觉得这种说法
6、非常老套，但一些研究表明，这种说法可能会客观地转化为使健康状况改善的条件。正如抑郁可能与手术后的不良结果有关，乐观可能会带来相反的结果。最近的一项研究，对103,000多名现役军人进行了为期五年的跟踪调查。调查对象包括健康状况、抑郁、社会人口统计、健康行为，当然的还有乐观等各个方面的跟踪调查，以及诸如高血压发病率等的客观指标也在被跟踪的范围内。The study, published this year in, evaluated for any association between self-reported optimism scores in active-duty young, he
7、althy military personnel (average age 28.9 years) and development of high blood pressure (hypertension). Over the following 3+ years, approximately 15% of the study participants, all with no prior history of hypertension, developed elevated blood pressure. There was a 22% lower likelihood of develop
8、ing hypertension in those who reported higher optimism scores throughout the study period, regardless of sex, race, or ethnicity. Lower risk of hypertension is a significant factor in lowering risks of heart disease, stroke, and death.该项研究今年发表在流行病学与精神病学科学(Epidemiology and psychiatry Sciences)上，评估了年轻
9、健康的现役军人(平均年龄28.9岁)自我报告的乐观得分与高血压(hypertension)发展之间的关联。在接下来的3年多时间里，大约15%的研究参与者，没有丝毫高血压病史，出现了血压升高。在整个研究期间，无论性别、种族或民族，自我报告乐观分数高的人患高血压的可能性相较低了22%。较低的高血压风险是降低心脏病、中风和死亡风险的一个重要因素。Priorhave linked higher optimism (or conversely, lower pessimism) on lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol, with resultant
10、better health outcomes in both men and women. Higher levels of cortisol, as well as other stress-mediated inflammatory substances, have been linked to hypertension, and, perhaps most relevant today, more significant respiratory response to viral infections.此前的研究也表明，乐观程度较高的（或者相反，悲观程度较低的），压力荷尔蒙皮质醇水平更低
11、，因此男性和女性的健康状况结果都更好。高水平的皮质醇，以及其他应激介导的炎症物质，与高血压有关，也许今天最相关的是，对病毒感染的更显著的呼吸反应。doom n 厄运、世界末日gloom n 忧郁、昏暗、阴暗on the horizon 即将来临、在地平线上Unreachable adj 不能达到的、不能得到的pharmaceutical adj 制药的willingness n 乐意、医院、心甘情愿President-ElectN 已当选而尚未就职的总统sentiment n 感情、情绪、观点triteadj陈腐的、老套的demonstratev 证实、证明、论证Questionnairen
12、问卷调查表sociodemographics社会人口统计incidence n发生率、发病率association n联系、关联、协会hypertensionn高血压、过度紧张approximately adv大约、近似participants n参与者、参加者prior adj先前的、在先的ethnicityn种族划分converselyadv相反地、相对地stress hormone压力荷尔蒙、应激激素cortisoln皮质醇、氢化可的松inflammatory adj炎症的、煽动的respiratory adj呼吸的、呼吸系统的原文地址：本文节选自：forbes（福布斯）发布时间：2020.12.04作者：Nina Shapiro原文标题：Studies Find One Thing That Can Improve Health And Extend Life, Except When It Comes To Covid-19