1、UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Section Learning About Language基础达标练.单句语法填空1. Are you a local person in the countryside?I was born in Washington D.C., but this is where I grew up.2. He went to the hospital for a medical examination. And that is why he was absent from the meeting.3. Many people are not
2、 fully aware of the damage that it does to their health. This is why we chose this picture as our logo.4. The mixture of better jobs, special government policies and having sponsors for studying abroad is what lies behind the changes to Chinas brain drain.5. The reason she gave for being late was th
3、at the heavy snow prevented her coming.6. The reason why she preferred city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.7. All the mistakes I ever made in my life were when I wanted to say “No” and said “Yes”.8. I heard you wanted to study further in a foreign college.
4、Yes, thats why I try my best to learn English well.9. As John Lennon once said, life is what happens to you while you are busy making other plans.10. Our country is developing at an amazing speed!Yes. This is what makes me feel so proud.11. What made the school proud was that more than 90% of the st
5、udents had been admitted to key universities.12. What all the inventions have in common is that they have succeeded.13. This modern hotel, in which the visitors can enjoy the best service in the city, is where Mary stayed last time.14. What Toms parents really doubt is whether he will recover from t
6、he serious disease soon.15. What amazed the NBA world is that Kobe Bryant scored 81 points just in one game.句型转换1. That it was too valuable for everyday use was a problem. The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.2. This is the thing that I want to tell you.This is what I want to te
7、ll you .3. My idea is to start making preparations right now.My idea is that I should start making preparations right now.4. Whether the film is worth seeing is a question. The question is whether the film is worth seeing.5. You are not the man who I thought you were.You are not what I thought you w
8、ere .完成句子1. 真正重要的不在于别人怎么看待你, 而在于你怎么看待你自己。（表语从句）What really matters is not how others think of you but how you think of yourself .2. 给我印象最深的是这一仪器的发明者是一位中学生。（表语从句）What impressed me most was that the device was invented by a high school student .3. 问题是你能否在大多数人反对的情况下坚持自己的观点。（表语从句）The problem is whether
9、you can stick to your point of view while most people are against it.4. 我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案, 那就是为什么我写信发表我自己观点。I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and thats why Im writing to voice my opinion .5. 事实是地球表面超过百分之七十都是被水覆盖的。（表语从句）That fact is that more than seventy percent of the earths s
10、urface is covered by water.素养综合练.阅读理解（2020湖南五市十校高二上学期第一次联考）John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and handling problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life bei
11、ng a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a PhD in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University
12、 for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people（Einstein was one of the others）.World War hugely changed von Neumanns areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a gre
13、at pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several outstanding contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work w
14、ith computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was the president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have
15、been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way,“I was
16、driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”1. According to the text, von Neumanns father believed that .A.a mathematician couldnt earn a lot of moneyB.a mathematician needed a good memoryC.von Neu
17、mann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same timeD.von Neumann had the gift for solving problems at a high speed2. Von Neumann published his first book at the age of .A.23 B.26 C.29 D.323. How did World War affect John von Neumann?A.He realized the importance of engineering.B.He began to r
18、esearch how to put mathematics into practice.C.He left college and served at the government department.D.He lost interest in chemistry.4. What can we conclude about von Neumann based on the text?A.He had three children.B.He died in an accident.C.He received many awards in his life.D.He and Einstein
19、were classmates at Princeton University.答案：1. A解析：1.语篇解读 本文主要介绍了约翰冯诺依曼的生平事迹以及他为人类社会做出的重大贡献。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的 his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician 可知，他父亲认为数学家的生活会很贫穷，所以A项正确。答案：2. C 解析：2.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的
20、 In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering 可知，他出生在1903年。然后由第二段中的 His first book was published in 1932. 可以计算出他第一本书出版是在他29岁时，所以答案选C。答案：3. B解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】由第三段中的 During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practice. 可知，
21、在战争期间和战后他开始把数学理论应用于实践，所以B项正确。答案：4. C解析：4.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第三段中的 He received many awards 可知C项正确。.语法填空A（2020江苏扬州中学高二上学期月考试题）The airplane maker Airbus has announced plans 1 （quit） making its famous A380 airplane. The A380 is the worlds largest passenger airplane and 2 （be） in service for 12 years. P
22、eople said it was the future of flying. However, 3 （shift） in the demands of passengers meant the days of huge, four-engine passenger planes were over. Airbus decided to stop the 4 （produce） of the 541-seat A380. The decision was due to sales that were not 5 satisfying as expected. Airbus said it wo
23、uld no longer build the A380 in 2021. Significant job losses at companies linked to the plane will be 6 （necessary） caused.The A380 first 7 （fly） in April 2005. Britains leader called it a unique symbol of economic strength while Spains leader called it a dream. The jets were designed to make airpor
24、ts less busy by reducing 8 number of planes which was on the increase in the sky. However, booming air travel brought the demand for twin-engine planes that can fly non-stop to 9 people want to travel. An Airbus spokesperson said the A380 was a “passenger magnet”, and he was 10 （disappoint） that the
25、 airlines misunderstood and marketed it poorly.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1. to quit解析：1.语篇解读 本文介绍了空中客车公司生产的A380飞机的历史和面临的问题。考查非谓语动词。句意：飞机制造商空中客车公司宣布，计划停止生产其著名的A380飞机。此处用不定式作后置定语修饰plans，故填 to quit。答案：2. has been解析：2.考查时态。句意：A380是世界上最大的客机，已经在役12年了。根据时间状语for 12 years以及前面的时态可知，应使用现在完成时。故用has been
26、。答案：3. shifts解析：3.考查名词的数。句意：然而，乘客需求的变化意味着大型四引擎客机的时代已经结束。shift作“改变”讲时为可数名词，在此处应用复数形式。答案：4. production解析：4.考查名词。句意：空中客车公司决定停止生产541座的A380客机。设空处在句中作 stop 的宾语，故用名词形式。答案：5. as/so解析：5.考查固定搭配。分析句子可知，此处为 not so/asas结构。答案：6. necessarily 解析：6.考查副词。设空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。答案：7. flew 解析：7.考查时态。句意：A380于2005年4月首次飞行。句子中有明显表
27、示过去的时间状语，时态应用一般过去时。答案：8. the解析：8. 考查冠词。the number of意为“的数量”。答案：9. where解析：9.考查名词性从句。设空处引导宾语从句，表示地点，故用where。答案：10. disappointed解析：10.考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用 disappoint 的形容词形式，设空处修饰人，故用 disappointed。BThe University of Birmingham, UK, decided 1 （accept） the Gaokao results for high-flying Chinese students 2 （
28、wish） to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students 3 complete the National Unified Examination for Admissions to General Universities and Colleges （or Gaokao） with top grades can apply to 4 （direct） enter Birmingham degree programs 5 attending a foundation（基础）year.Gaokao, which 6
29、（hold） across China in early June, is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will be only considering high quality students who achieve a minimum（最小值） of 80% of Gaokao scores and meet additional academic and English language 7 （require）.Pr
30、ofessor Jon Frampton, Director of the University of Birminghams China Institute said, “I am glad that the university is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the 8 （bright） and best Chinese students 9 opportunity to move straight（直接） into the first year of our undergraduate programs and experience th
31、e benefits of studying at a 10 （globe） top 100 university.”1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1. to accept解析：1. 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国伯明翰大学决定自2019年起承认中国高考成绩，招收分数达到高考总分80%以上的学生。考查不定式。此处包含固定短语 decide to do sth.。答案：2. wishing解析：2.考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 decided，此处应该使用非谓语动词形式，作 students 的后置定语，wish与students是主动关系,
32、所以用现在分词。答案：3. who/that解析：3.考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 students，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用 who或that。答案：4. directly解析：4.考查副词。此处置于动词 enter 前，指“直接进入”，故用副词 directly（直接地）。答案：5. without解析：5. 考查介词。依据空前的 4 （direct）enter Birmingham degree programs（直接进入伯明翰学位课程）可知不用再参加基础学年，故用 without。答案：6. is held解析：6.考查动词的时态和语态。which引导非限制性定
33、语从句，指代 Gaokao（高考），与 hold 是被动关系，结合全文语境及本空后面的 is increasingly accepted 可知应该使用一般现在时的被动语态。答案：7. requirements解析：7. 考查名词复数。requirement 是可数名词，根据空前的 additional academic and English language 可知应该用复数形式。答案：8. brightest解析：8.考查形容词最高级。根据空后的 and best 可知应该使用最高级。答案：9. an解析：9.考查冠词。空后 opportunity（机会）是可数名词，且以元音音素开头，结合语境可知此处表泛指，应该使用不定冠词an。答案：10. global解析：10.考查形容词。global是形容词，意为“全球的”，空后是 top 100 university，故用形容词作定语。
