1、课时提能练(十六) 必修4Unit 1Women of achievementA：知识层面.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Lucy was better at 1observation (observe) than most children of her generation. She had intended to become a lawyer but changed her mind when she met Dr. Cooper, who was delivering medical courses to a large crowd of audience. Cooper inspir
2、ed her to study medicine and supported her to a medical institute. Lucy is now a 2specialist (special), working in the 3emergency (emerge) department of a hospital. Her being considerate and 4modest (modesty) has won her much respect from her patients. The 5organization (organize) she founded has la
3、unched campaigns to help cut the death rate for children under 12She often connects her 6achievement (achieve) with Dr. Cooper, adding that the same responsibility creates a very strong bond between them.B(考查动词)A convincing speech 7was delivered (deliver) by a psychologist at yesterdays conference 8
4、arguing (argue) about how parenting styles affect childrens behaviour. In his opinion, children must be punished when they fail 9to observe (observe) public rules and regulations. If a child 10behaves (behave) well, he deserves to be praised and rewarded then and there. There are many experts 11supp
5、orting (support) his viewpoint, saying that kids wont learn right from wrong if parents dont 12intend (intend) to punish.C(考查句型)A man came 13flying (fly) round the corner and bumped into me. He looked so familiar that I must have seen him somewhere. Suddenly 14it hit me that he was just the criminal
6、 the police had wanted. What should I do? Trying to stop or catch him meant 15putting (put) my life at risk. Fortunately, two policemen arrived soon and the man was arrested. Only then 16did(do) I feel my heart beating fast and my legs trembling slightly.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)These days I have been kept b
7、usy make a fitness program intended for the elderly. Old people work out in parks or squares in the morning or evening. However, injuries and even heart attacks frequent happen to them. Obviously, their exercise activities doesnt work out as were expected. Therefore, it is worth helping the elderly
8、get properly involved in physical training. In my program, professional guidance and advanced equipments are offered and individual safety is guaranteed.【答案】These days I have been kept busy a fitness program intended for the elderly. Old people work out in parks or squares in the morning or evening.
9、 However, injuries and even heart attacks happen to them. Obviously, their exercise activities work out as were expected. Therefore, it is helping the elderly get properly involved in physical training. In my program, professional guidance and advanced are offered and individual safety is guaranteed
10、.根据提示补全句子 1在过去的几年里，中国在科学技术方面取得了巨大成就。In the last few years，China has made great achievements in science and technology.2我突然想起来我把雨伞忘在了公交车上。It hit me that I had left my umbrella on the bus.3尽管条件极其困难，我们必须坚持工作，直到取得成功。We must carry on working up till we succeed in spite of the extremely difficult conditio
11、ns.4只有通过努力你才能在学习上取得进步。Only by working hard will you make progress in your studies.5就在他要上床睡觉的时候，电话铃响了。It was when he was about to go to bed that the telephone rang.(强调句型)B：能力层面.阅读理解A(2020开封市一模)Im Amanda Gorman.Ive been crazy about writing poetry since third grade.After polishing up my skills for abou
12、t a decade and having judges review my poetry and videos of my performances，I was named the countrys Youth Poet Laureate in 2017Ive read my work at the Library of Congress.Its been an excellent journey especially since I used to have trouble saying half of the alphabet.My twin sister Sarah and I wer
13、e born very prematurely，which led to lots of ear infections.I didnt have as much luck as Sarah and the ear infections left me with a severe hearing problem，making it difficult to understand speech，which caused me to develop a speech impediment(障碍)My sister would have to translate when I spoke becaus
14、e people had no idea what I was saying.Writing wasnt just fun；it was a way to have my voice heard and to stop me from feeling pity for my disability.And I was determined to read my poetry in front of audiences.Our single mom couldnt always afford medical help.Sometimes she had to choose：Shall I put
15、food on the table or make sure Amanda can say this word? When we couldnt pay，Id spend about an hour a day recording my talking and correcting the mistakes again and again.But poetry was a constant.I didnt need expensive materials to train myself to be better at that.At age 20，I still suffer from sel
16、fdoubt，but I have got a necklace which my grandmother gave me.When Im nervous before performing，I hold it and say，“I am the daughter of black writers who fought for their freedom，broke their chains and changed the world.”And usually after saying that，Im ready to go.【语篇解读】Amanda Gorman因为早产而有听力方面的问题和随
17、之导致的语言障碍，但她从小酷爱写诗，并一直坚持，在2017年获得了“青年桂冠诗人”的称号。1Why was the visit to the Library of Congress special for Amanda?ABecause she received a big award after the visit.BBecause she was inspired to write poetry there.CBecause she did some reading for the audience.DBecause she succeeded in saying the alphabet
18、 there.C细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Ive read my work at the Library of Congress.Its been an excellent journey especially since I used to have trouble saying half of the alphabet”可知，国会图书馆之行对于Amanda来说很特别是因为她在那里朗读了自己的作品，故选C。2How is Sarah different from Amanda?ASarah is physically healthier.BSarah finds writing muc
19、h more fun.CSarah likes public speaking a lot more.DSarah didnt have ear infections as a baby.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I didnt have as much luck as Sarah”和“My sister would have to translate”可推知，Sarah的身体状况要比Amanda好，故A项正确。3What did Amanda think of her mom?AHer mom didnt like setting the table.BHer mom struggled
20、 to support the family.CHer mom showed little concern for her.DHer mom was good at correcting her mistakes.B细节理解题。 根据第三段第一、二句“Our single mom couldnt always afford medical help.say this word”可知，Amanda的母亲辛苦养家，故B项正确。4What can we know about Amanda from the last paragraph?AShes a black woman.BShes always
21、 confident.CShe has many necklaces.DShe aims to change the world.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I am the daughter of black writers”可知，Amanda是一个黑人，故选A。B(2020湖北省部分重点中学第一次联考)Having an older brother or sister comes with plenty of benefits.Big brothers and sisters tend to look out for their younger siblings，and despite
22、 the occasional rocky moments，many siblings have lifelong close relationships.However，a new study finds the interesting downside：children with older brothers take longer when it comes to developing language skills.The study，conducted by a group of researchers in Paris，France，builds on the earlier re
23、search that had already established that having older siblings is associated with poor linguistic (语言的)development.Now，researchers say they have come to a more specific conclusion：only children with older brothers exhibit these linguistic difficulties.One would assume that children with older brothe
24、rs would grow up around more conversation on a daily basis，thus speeding up their language development.Yet researchers say such children actually take longer than their older brothers to begin developing these skills.Researchers studied more than 1，000 children from their birth to the age of five an
25、d a half years old.Each childs language skills were tested at ages 2，3，and 5.5，using tests specially designed to measure numerous aspects of language development such as vocabulary，syntax(句法)，and verbal reasoning.What the research team discovered was significant：children with older brothers had，on a
26、verage，a twomonth delay in their language development compared to children with older sisters.When explaining this phenomenon，researchers have proposed two hypotheses(假设)The first hypothesis is that older sisters tend to talk more often than older brothers，which would make up for parents potentially
27、 being less present than they were for their first child.The second is that older sisters usually compete with their siblings less than older brothers for their parents love.So far，the studys authors say they cant say for certain why children with older brothers have a harder time developing languag
28、e skills.In the future they would like to investigate if cultures or locations impact the results of the study.【语篇解读】有一个哥哥或姐姐有很多益处，哥哥和姐姐倾向于照顾他们的弟弟妹妹，但一项新的研究发现，有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展比较慢。5People may enjoy having brothers and sisters because _Asiblings may affect the speed of language learningBthey share the ha
29、ppy moments on rocky mountainsColder brothers and sisters will take care of younger onesDall siblings will stay close to each other no matter what happensC推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“Big brothers and sisters tend to look out for their younger siblings”可知，哥哥和姐姐往往会照顾他们的弟弟、妹妹，由此可推知，很多人可能喜欢有哥哥、姐姐，是因为哥哥、姐姐们会照顾弟弟、妹妹
30、。故选C。【干扰项分析】根据文章第一段最后一句的表述可知，一项新的研究表明拥有哥哥的孩子，语言能力发展需要更久的时间，这是有哥哥不好的一面，不应该是人们喜欢有哥哥的原因，故排除A项；根据第一段第二句中的“despite the occasional rocky moments，many siblings have lifelong close relationships”可知，尽管偶尔会有关系难以维持的时刻，但许多兄弟姐妹一生都保持着亲密的关系，故B、D两项表述错误。6What does the previous research suggest about having older sibl
31、ings?AMany children prefer having brothers and sisters.BIt will affect the younger ones language development.COlder brothers may have something to do with the linguistic difficulties.DChildren with older brothers would grow up around more conversation on a daily basis.B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“the earlier r
32、esearch that had already established that having older siblings is associated with poor linguistic(语言的)development”可知，之前的研究表明，有哥哥姐姐与语言能力发展不良有关。故选B。7Why do children with older brothers experience the delay in language development?AProbably because older brothers are eager for more attention.BProbably
33、 because parents tend to focus more on the first child.CProbably because children with older brothers are usually less competitive.DProbably because older sisters get less love from their parents compared to older brothers.A推理判断题。根据第六段第三句“The second is that older sisters usually compete with their s
34、iblings less than older brothers for their parents love”可知，对于有哥哥的孩子语言能力发展比有姐姐的慢这个现象的原因，研究人员提出的第二个假设是，为了得到父母的爱，姐姐们通常比哥哥们更少地与弟弟妹妹竞争。由此可推知，哥哥们渴望得到更多的关注。故选A。8Which one is the best title for the passage?AHaving older siblings：a good thing or a disaster?BThe delay of your childrens language developmentCWh
35、y do children suffer from poor language skills?DOlder brothers may affect younger ones in language learningD标题判断题。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展要比有姐姐的孩子慢。文章第一段介绍了该研究的发现，第二至第七段详细介绍了该研究的过程、发现及对这种现象发生原因的假设，故D项最适合作本文标题。.完形填空(2020湖北八校第一次联考)Last Sunday，there was no dirt in the air，only bright spring sunshin
36、e and a clear blue sky.In the afternoon，Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while Mama started cleaning the house.Faye and I played in the yard.The temperature suddenly droppedit felt good.The 1 had been building since dawn.Then Mama shouted from the 2 ，“Iris，you and Faye get inside
37、quickly now！”I looked to the west and saw a huge cloud of black 3 ，like thick smoke from a railway engines chimney.All the birds flew away.“Faye，go with Mama！” I 4 “Ill warn Papa.”Faye ran toward the house.The sandstorm hit so fast that I 5 saw her climb the porch(门廊)steps.In a short time，the day tu
38、rned into night.I 6 for Papa，hoping my voice would lead him back.The dirt and sand stung my face like a thousand bees.I needed to get to a shelter. 7 my face with one hand，I made my way toward the car and opened the door.Dirt flew in with me as I pulled the door closed.Papa was still out there! I ne
39、eded to help him 8 the car.I searched the dashboard(仪表板)and found the switch for the front 9 They made some rays，but would Papa see them in the thick 10 ? I pushed the horn(喇叭)again and again，hoping Papa would hear it. 11 ，Papas face appeared at the window.My heart jumped with surprise and 12 .He op
40、ened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me.He coughed and wiped his eyes with dirty hands，then pulled me into his arms.“Oh，Iris，youre 13 .”I hugged Papa and 14 I could feel the tears streaming down my dirty cheeks.Papa 15 my face and asked，“Your mother and Faye？” I said，“They are in the hous
41、e.”Papa nodded，“Good.Well wait out the sandstorm here.”Papa shut off the cars lights and I worried the dirt would 16 us.Finally，the wind died down and the dust started to 17 Papa kicked against the door，opening it far enough to let us out.We went home as Mama 18 out.“Mama！” I shouted and ran into he
42、r arms.“Oh，my precious Iris！” Mama cried.“You and Papa are safe！”“Im safe 19 Iris，”Papa said.“The cars horn led me to the shelter.”“Im so proud of you，”Mama said to me.I cried even more then，but the tears I shed were tears of joy because our family had 20 the horrible sandstorm.【语篇解读】一个晴朗的春日下午，作者的父亲
43、去牧场查看牛的情况，母亲开始打扫房子，作者和妹妹在院子里玩耍。这时气温骤降，一场沙尘暴将至，作者让妹妹到屋里去和妈妈在一起，自己则去提醒父亲。接着，作者找到自家的车，把前车灯打开，并一遍遍地按喇叭，最终父亲听到喇叭声回到了车里。最后，一家人平安地渡过了沙尘暴。1A.sand Bthunder CheatDsnowC根据前一句“The temperature suddenly droppedit felt good”和语境可推知，从黎明开始气温一直在上升。2A.schoolBhouseCfieldDcarB根据上文中的“Mama started cleaning the house”和本句中的“
44、Iris，you and Faye get inside quickly now！”可推知，当时妈妈正在打扫房子，她应该是从屋里喊在院子里玩耍的Iris和Faye，让她们进屋里。3A.fogBgas CsteamDdustD根据本句中的“like thick smoke from a railway engines chimney”，并与下文中的“The dirt and sand stung my face like a thousand bees”呼应可推知，作者当时朝西边看，看到一大团黑色的灰尘。4A.statedBcomplained CsuggestedDshoutedD根据语境以及
45、“Faye，go with Mama！”并与上文中的“Then Mama shouted”呼应可推知，作者看到一大团黑色的灰尘，察觉到不对劲，就大声对妹妹说话，让妹妹进屋里和妈妈待在一起。5A.hardlyBconstantlyCreallyDsurprisinglyA根据本句中的“The sandstorm hit so fast”可知，沙尘暴来得很快，以至于作者几乎看不见妹妹爬门廊前的台阶。6A.screamedBwaitedClookedDsearchedA根据本句中的“hoping my voice would lead him back”可推知，作者当时应是大声喊她的爸爸。7A.Cl
46、eaningBTouchingCCoveringDRubbingC根据上文中的“The dirt and sand stung my face like a thousand bees”可推知，当时沙尘暴很恶劣，作者应是用一只手遮着自己的脸，朝车走去。8A.fixBfindCrecognizeDdriveB根据前一句“Papa was still out there！”可知，爸爸不在车里，因此作者需要帮助他在沙尘暴中找到自己所待的这辆车。9A.lightsBhandlesCwheelsDwindowsA根据空后的“They made some rays”，并结合本句中的“I searched
47、the dashboard(仪表板)”可推知，作者搜寻仪表板，找到了前车灯的开关，这也与下文中的“Papa shut off the cars lights”呼应。10A.smokeBdarkness CforestDatmosphereB根据上文中的“In a short time，the day turned into night”可推知，作者虽然把前车灯打开了，但是不确定在沙尘暴所造成的昏天暗地中父亲是否能看到灯光。11A.CuriouslyBDisappointedly CSuddenlyDUnexpectedlyC根据下文中的“My heart jumped with surpris
48、e”可推知，在作者想办法让父亲找到车时，父亲的脸突然出现在车窗上，这让作者大吃一惊，同时也感到宽慰(relief)。12A.reliefBwarmthCexcitementDbraveryA参见上题解析。13A.handsomeBcautiousCsafeDimpressiveC根据前一句中的“pulled me into his arms”和下文中的“You and Papa are safe！”以及语境可推知，在沙尘暴这种恶劣的环境下，作者的父亲担心作者的安全，因此到车里后，感慨道作者是平安的。14A.smiledBwhisperedCrelaxedDcriedD根据空后一句“I coul
49、d feel the tears streaming down my dirty cheeks”可推知，作者当时抱着父亲哭了。15A.glared atBlooked atCswept overDreached forB根据语境可知，父亲确定作者安全之后，看着作者的脸询问母亲和妹妹的状况。16A.buryBleaveChurtDpoisonA根据语境可知，当时沙尘暴很大，而且昏天暗地，所以，当父亲关掉车灯后，作者担心灰尘会把他们遮盖住。17A.spreadBmultiplyCsettleDdoubleC根据本句中的“Finally，the wind died down”可知，终于风力逐渐减弱，
50、沙土开始平静下来(settle)。18A.walkedBslippedClaughedDdashedD根据下文中的“I shouted and ran into her arms”和“You and Papa are safe！”可推知，妈妈很担心作者和作者的父亲，因此当他们回到家时，妈妈正从家里冲出来。19A.rather thanBapart fromCthanks toDother thanC根据后一句“The cars horn led me to the shelter”和下文中的“Im so proud of you”可推知，作者的父亲对作者的母亲说多亏了作者他才能安全地回来。20A.survivedBdefeatedCexperiencedDcausedA根据语境可知，作者听到妈妈的赞扬后哭得更厉害了，但作者流下的泪水是喜悦的泪水，因为他们一家人经历了这次可怕的沙尘暴却安全无恙。