1、2015高考英语语法填空等练习（5）（答案）一、语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Online shopping is coming into fashion in most cities, where people are able to make full use of the rapidly-developed internet technology. Nowadays, can we find a person1has not experienced online shopping? Definitely not. Online s
2、hopping2(welcome)by most people due to various reasons. From the perspective of consumers, it can save some time for people who dont have much spare time. Just click the mouse, they can get3they want while staying at home. For the retailers, it can cut some costs for those who dont have much circula
3、ting funds. 4(compare)with the traditional trade mode, they dont have to spend money in renting a house. 5, there are still some disadvantages in online shopping. First, a face-to-face deal makes online shopping less6(rely)and trustworthy. Second, people will lose7fun of bargaining. 8is undeniable t
4、hat shopping on the internet has become an irresistible trend in modern society. Its of great urgency that we need to make the relative laws in accordance9the rapid growth of online shopping. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and10(convenient)of online shopping without the concern of being
5、cheated. 【文章大意】网购作为一种时尚给大家的生活带来了便利, 但是网购仍然有自己的不足。1. 【解析】who / that。考查关系代词。person后面跟的是定语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 且先行词指人, 应用who或者that引导。2. 【解析】is welcomed。考查语态。welcome和主语online shopping之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态。3. 【解析】what / whatever。考查关系代词。get后面是宾语从句, 从句中缺少want的宾语, 应用what或者whatever。4. 【解析】Compared。考查过去分词。compared with与相比。
6、5. 【解析】However。考查副词。上下文之间是转折关系, 且空后面有逗号, 应用however。6. 【解析】reliable。考查形容词。此处是“make +复合宾语”结构, 由句意“面对面的交易使网上购物不那么可信。”可知, 应用形容词作宾语补足语。7. 【解析】the。考查冠词。此处是特指“讨价还价的乐趣”。特指加定冠词the。8. 【解析】It。考查代词。句中it是形式主语, 真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。9. 【解析】with。考查介词。句中in accordance with是固定搭配, 意为“与一致”。10. 【解析】convenience。考查名词。convenie
7、nce和pleasure是并列关系, 作enjoy的宾语, 应用名词。二、完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Until 1954 it was thought that no man could run one mile in less than four minutes. As years 1 ,the record came closer and closer to four minutes and Roger Bannister, a young English 2 ,began to believe be might 3 this a
8、lmost magic barrier.It was a cold afternoon on May 6th,1954,when Bannister knew be had a 4 chance. Bannister had been 5 hard and was very fit, but the weather conditions were a real 6 to him. Describing the 7 later, Bannister said,“On the way to the track the wind blew strongly. As I 8 for the start
9、 I glanced at the flag. It moved 9 now. This was the moment when I made my decision.”“The gun fired. My legs 10 to meet no resistance, as if I was 11 forward by some unknown force. The noise from the faithful 12 gave me greater strength. I felt the 13 of a lifetimes had come.”“I was driven on by a 1
10、4 of fear and pride. My body had long since used up all its energy 15 it went on running just the same. This was the critical moment when my legs were strong enough to carry me over the last few yards as they 16 could have done in previous years. When I leapt at（冲向）the 17 tape, I fell, almost 18 .“I
11、 knew I had done it, even before I 19 the time. The announcement came. Result of the one mileTime, three minutesthe test was 20 in the noise of excitement.”( ) 1.A.passed along B. passed down C. went by D. went over( ) 2.A.coach B .athlete C. captain D. judge( ) 3.A.defeat B. move C. beat D. break(
12、) 4.A.real B. lucky C. serious D. false( ) 5.A.competing B. training C. fighting D. attending( ) 6.A.eagerness B. pleasure C. relief D. worry( ) 7.A.accident B. event C. issue D. topic( ) 8.A.did up B .made up C. put up D. lined up( ) 9.A.safely B. heavily C. thinly D. gently( )10.A.seemed B. used C
13、. happened D. had( ) 11.A.dragged B. drawn C. pulled D. pushed( ) 12.A.mass B. residents C. crowd D. team( ) 13.A.moment B. period C. while D. date( ) 14.A.concentration B. collection C. combination D. classification( ) 15.A.so B. but C .or D. as( ) 16.A.never B. ever C. even D. still( ) 17.A.starti
14、ng B. lasting C. finishing D. running( ) 18.A.unconcerned B. unconscious C. unknown D. unnoticed( ) 19.A.offered B .told C. announced D. beard( ) 20.A.stuck B. involved C. lost D. spread36C。as time went by 随着时间的推移。37B 由下文可知,Bannister是一位田径运动员。38D break the barrier 打破这一障碍。39A Bannister知道真正的机会来了。 real
15、真的，真实的，符合语境。40B 承接上文。Bannister 为此机会一直在进行辛苦的训练。41D 由but 表转折可知，天气状况是他所担心的一件事。42B event指具有重要意义的“历史事件”，也可引申为一般的“重大赛事”。43D line up排队等候；do up包扎,重新整修；收拾齐整make up化妆，虚构；put up搭建，.举起，抬起。44D 根据下文，“这是我下定决心的时刻”可知风现在应该是轻轻地吹拂着。与上文“在去跑道的路上风刮得很猛”形成对比，现在风平静下来，是比赛的好时机。45A 由下文as if 可知，我的双腿看起来没有遇到任何阻力。46D 好像我被一种无形的力量推着往
16、前跑。47C 从上文noise可知，应该是人群中发出来的呼声。crowd n.人群, 群众,一伙48A 我感到一生中期盼的时刻来了，moment时刻。49C 由下文fear and pride可知，应用combination。50B 根据语境“我已经用光身体所有的能量，但我还在同样地奔跑。”，可知此处应为转折的逻辑关系。51A 与首段首句相呼应，可知：以前从来没有人打破这一纪录。52C the finishing tape终点线，为固定短语。53B 从文章的语境可知，此处应用unconscious意为“无知觉，毫无意识”。54D 在我听到时间之前我就知道我做到了。55C be lost in
17、sth沉浸在；消失在之中。 该句话意为“其他的人沉浸在兴奋的欢呼声当中”。三、阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse.
18、 Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The 19th century saw
19、land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the west, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique
20、 challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the
21、 West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.So tradeoffs will have to be made. Some scenic sports will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will b
22、e forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.The lasting effects of these tradeoffs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a l
23、ot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.The money set aside in negotiated tradeoffs and the institutio
24、n that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.本文是一篇说明文。19世纪，美国政府拨款修建铁路和公路，这既带来了好处，也带来了一些不利。现在21世纪，一种新型的电力系统会给美国带来好处还是坏处
25、，这是值得考虑的一个问题。在建这种新型的电力系统时，我们要记住铁路和公路的影响。1What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.B. Some railroad stops remained underused.C. Land in the West was hard to manage.D. Land grants went into private hands.答案：C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“.and i
26、n both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.”可知，建铁路导致的问题是“土地所有权给土地管理带来了挑战”。A项是修建公路的影响；B项说一些铁路站一直未被充分利用，是错误的；D项原文未说。2What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?A. The transmission of power. B. The use o
27、f money and power.C. The conservation of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place. 答案：B。推理判断题。细读最后两段可知，对于可替代能源的发展主要的担忧是钱和力，钱和力可能带来一些好处，有可能被浪费掉，并且带来一些其他的问题。3What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?A. Cautious. B. Approving. C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.答案：A。推理判断题。根据全文以及文章的最
28、后一句话“So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highroads as we construct these new power plants in the West.”可知，对正在建立新的电力系统是比较谨慎的。4Which is the best title for the passage?A. How the Railways Have Affected the WestB. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the WestC. How the Effects of Power Plant
29、s Can Be ReducedD. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled答案：B。主旨大意题。文章借助于铁路和公路对美国的影响，要说明的是太阳能这种新的电力系统对美国西部地区会有什么的影响。文中共有10处语言错误， 要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不记分。Dear Editor,Recently we
30、 have made a discussion about the prevent of global warming in our research group. Everybody has become aware the green-house effect, what has drawn the attention of the world. Many scientists on the summit of COPENHAGEN warned any rise above 2 degrees could lead to a sea level rise threatening isla
31、nds and coastal cities, kill off many specie of animals and plants. As a result of, every nation should work together to limit the release of carbon dioxide. Everybody should shoulder the responsible to fight against climate change, and a low carbon life is a must.I think fight against global warmin
32、g is part of environmental protection. If we humans are more friend to nature, nature will be friendly, too. Its time everybody rethink our role in keeping peace with our mother, nature. Yours sincerely,Lihua【参考答案】2.1. prevent prevention 2. aware of 3.what which 4.kill killing5.specie species 6. result of result 7. responsible responsibility8. fight fighting 9. friend friendly 10. rethink rethought
