1、永寿中学2020-20学年度第二学期第一次月考高二英语本卷命题范围：选修7 U3。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where was the man last night?A. At the cinema.B. In the hospital.C. At home.【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】W: I thought that yo
2、u were going to the cinema last night.M: I was going to, but I was told that my mother was ill, so I looked after her at home.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How much does the man want to pay for the scarf?A. $15.B. $17.C. $20.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: You want $20 for this scarf? Can you lower the price?W: You can have
3、 it for $18.M: Ill take it for $15 and not a penny more.W: $17 and its a deal.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why did the man hurt his back?A. He lifted too much weight.B He didnt warm up before lifting.C. He isnt really a professional.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: I cant believe that you hurt your back. I thought you were
4、a professional weightlifter.M: I am a professional, and usually that weight is no problem. I was just stupid. I thought I could lift 180 kg without warming up.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will Lucy be doing at 11:30 tomorrow?A. Going out for lunch.B. Seeing her dentist.C. Visiting a friend.【答案】B【解析】【原文
5、】M: Lucy, would you like to have lunch with me tomorrow?W: Oh, Id really love to, but I have an appointment with my dentist at 11:30. Thanks for inviting me.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whats the man doing?A Holding a party.B. Booking a room.C. Selecting baby beds.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Good evening, sir. May I he
6、lp you?M: Yes. We have three, two adults and one child. What kind of rooms do you have?W: Lets see. We have a room with two double beds. How many nights?M: Just one. Were only staying overnight.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后
7、，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the mans favorite drink?A. Orange juice.B. Beer.C. Cola.7. What does the man agree to get in the end?A. Some wine.B. Some beer.C. A bottle of orange.【答案】6. B 7. A【解析】【原文】W: Were going to have a party tonight.M: Thats great, bu
8、t what kind of drinks should we get?W: I know that beer is your favorite, but I dont think everyone likes it. How about some soft drinks?M: OK, but I dont think we need too many soft drinks. Weve got one bottle of orange juice, so another two bottles of cola will be enough. Is there anything else we
9、 need to prepare?W: Well, let me see maybe wed better get some wine.M: I agree, if you must. But you know, I dont have any interest in drinking wine.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is the weather like now?A. Warm.B. Snowy.C. Windy.9. What will the speakers do tomorrow?A. Go skiing.B. Go
10、skating.C. Go shopping.【答案】8. C 9. B【解析】【原文】M: Whats the weather like today?W: It has stopped snowing, but theres a bitter cold wind.M: Look at the ice there hanging from the trees!W: And the streets are covered with ice.M: Do you know what the temperature is today?W: I missed todays weather forecas
11、t over the radio.M: It feels like 15 degrees below zero at least. I dont mind the cold weather, but I do hate it when it gets slippery.W: The ice will soon be thick enough for skating. Im so fond of winter sports!M: Thats fine. Lets go skating together tomorrow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10
12、. What do we know about the man?A. He often goes without breakfast.B Hes been late for work twice this week.C. Hes always searching for his glasses.11. What did the man do after taking the shower?A. He read for a while.B. He looked for his glasses.C. He had breakfast.12. Where are the mans glasses p
13、robably?A. In the bathroom.B. In the living room.C. In the dining room.【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B【解析】【原文】W: Honey, what are you doing? Come and have breakfast. You dont want to be late for work a second time this week, do you?M: Of course I dont, but I cant find my glasses. Have you seen them?W: Oh, dear
14、. Youre always forgetting where you put them. What did you do just now?M: I took a shower just a few minutes ago.W: Maybe you left them in the bathroom.M: No. I checked there but I didnt find them.W: What else did you do?M: After the shower, I went to the living room. Oh, I remember I read a magazin
15、e there. You know I cant read without glasses.W: Then you must have left them there. Go there quickly. Im sure youll find them.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What was the man asked to do?A. Return the book.B. Pay a fine.C. Find the book.14. What did the man explain to the woman?A. He lost t
16、he book.B. He left the book at home.C. He remembered returning the book.15. What did the man find on the shelf?A. The book he returned.B. The book he lost.C. The book he wanted to borrow.16. How did the mistake come about?A. The return wasnt recorded.B. The man returned a different book.C. The woman
17、 put the book on the wrong shelf.【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. A【解析】【原文】W: Good morning.M: Good morning. I was wondering if you could help me. I received this notice yesterday afternoon.W: Let me see it. Its a $10 ticket for a lost book.M: But Im sure I have returned it.W: Our records show that you chec
18、ked it out on January 17 and we have no record of its return.M: I remember it was a rainy day and I had to carry it in a plastic bag in case it got wet.W: Well, our policy is that, when a book is lost, whoever lost it must pay for it.M: I understand. Can we check if the book is here, just in case so
19、meone missed it?W: Well, I doubt we would make a mistake about this. But you can look on the shelf.M: Aha! Here it is!W: Let me see if it is the same copy you borrowed. Ill check the number with our records. Well, it is the same copy. We could have missed something. I am awfully sorry.M: It doesnt m
20、atter.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Which place will the travelers visit first?A. Pigeon Point.B. A seasick cafe.C. An ice-cream factory.18. What should the travelers bring?A. Food.B. Medicine.C. Swimsuits.19. What animals will the travelers see in the nature park?A. Giraffes.B. Monkeys.C. E
21、lephants.20. What extra costs may there be?A. Money for souvenirs.B. Tips for the tour guide.C. Tips for the hotel clerks.【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A【解析】【原文】M: Hi, everyone! On behalf of Sunshine Island Tours, let me welcome you all to the island. Wed like to thank you for choosing our exciting one-
22、day round the island tour. My names Jack and Ill be your guide. Well be picking you up from your hotel at seven oclock tomorrow morning. Then well drive around the south of the island. Our first stop is Pigeon Point, where there is a beautiful view of the water below. And then well visit a small ice
23、-cream factory, where you can see our delicious ice cream being made. We then continue around the island enjoying beautiful views of the Atlantic coast. And well stop for a special Caribbean lunch at a nice seaside cafe. After lunch, well head north, stopping at a beach. So you need to take your swi
24、msuit and sunglasses. And finally well go to the nature park, where you can see tigers and monkeys. Ur, one more thing, there are extra costs. You might want to buy some souvenirs, like local food. And you might want to tip your driver. OK. I sincerely hope all of you have a good time. Are there any
25、 questions? If any, please ask me. Ill try my best to help you.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMarineLand Theme ParkWith numerous rides, a variety of wildlife from both land and sea and shows filled with action-packed excitement, no wonder its a hit with vi
26、sitors from all over the world. Whether riding on the worlds biggest steel roller coaster, Dragon Mountain, or enjoying a show filled with fun-loving dolphins and intelligent whales, youre sure to have the time of your life at MarineLand. Having been in business for more than 50 years, this park has
27、 something for every member of the family!HighlightsAttractions:The King Waldorf Stadium Show：This entertaining, educational and heart-warming show features dolphins, white whales, sea lions, and walruses and is sure to leave you in awe as well as help you understand and appreciate these wonderful m
28、arine mammals(海洋哺乳动物).Arctic Cove: It featuring one of the largest white whale collections in the world, visitors are able to purchase a pass to Arctic Cove where they can touch and feed the whales as well as view them underwater.Friendship Cove: Breathtaking underwater viewing allows you to enter t
29、he magic world of the killer whale below the water surface or on a surface level walkway.Hotels：Villager Lodge: It is located in Niagara Falls, Ontario.Diplomat Inn: Within half a mile of the Skylon Tower, it is the choice for an inexpensive location.Marriott Niagara Falls Fallsview Hotel&Spa: It is
30、 close to popular attractions and the Scotiabank Convention Center.Days Inn Lundys Lane: It is located just two miles from the gorgeous Niagara Falls and the Skylon Tower Observation Deck.Hours of Operation:10:00 am-5:00 pm(Sept. 11thOct. 13th)Phone:4178230981. What can be learned about MarineLand T
31、heme Park?A. It is only suitable for kids.B. It was opened fifty years ago.C. It has both land and marine animals.D. It has the worlds biggest roller coaster.22. What is special about Arctic Cove?A. It has the largest white whale collection in the world.B. It allows visitors to enter the magic world
32、 of the killer whale.C. It features an entertaining show starring various marine mammals.D. It provides visitors with a chance to interact with white whales personally.23. Which hotel suits you best if you have a tight budget?A. Diplomat Inn.B. Villager Lodge.C. Days Inn Lundys Lane.D. Marriott Niag
33、ara Fails Fallsview Hotel&Spa.【答案】. C 22. D 23. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了MarineLand Theme Park的特色，以及票价和开放时间等。【题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的With numerous rides, a variety of wildlife from both land and sea可知，MarineLand Theme Park既有陆地生物也有海洋生物。C. It has both 1and and marine animals.(既有陆地生物也有海洋生物)符合以上说法，故选C项。【22题详解】细
34、节理解题。根据Arctic Cove介绍中的visitors are able to purchase a pass to Arctic Cove where they can touch and feed the whales as well as view them underwater可知，游客可以触摸并喂食鲸鱼，也可以在水底观察它们，即与鲸鱼互动。D. It provides visitors with a chance to interact with white whales personally.(为游客提供了亲自和鲸鱼互动的机会)符合以上说法，故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题
35、。根据Diplomat Inn介绍中的it is the choice for an inexpensive location可知，Diplomat Inn是比较便宜的旅店，适合预算紧张的游客。故选A项。B “What is the biggest challenge of graduate school?” an undergraduate asked the group of graduate students at an event I helped organize last summer. “Not letting the support from my community turn
36、 into pressure,” one member responded. That answer might have surprised some, who probably expected to hear about experiments that didnt work or trudging through academic materials. But I understood exactly what she meant.Throughout my education, friends and family have expected me to take advantage
37、 of every opportunity I come across because I may not get the same chance again. They expect me to give outstanding performances everywhere I go because I represent them and our culture. Mentors(导师) expect that I will never give up. This has been a great source of motivation, but also of pressure. I
38、 remembered a conversation with a mentor. At the end of my first year of graduate school, I struggled with a strong desire to leave the program with a masters degree. I was accustomed to hearing “Dont give up” and “You have to finish”-words that were meant to be motivational. Instead, they made me f
39、eel I would be a disappointment if I left. After I discussed the pros and cons of leaving with my mentor, she responded completely different from what I expected. “I support any decision you make,” she said. “I will always be proud of you and your achievements.” Hearing this simple, direct statement
40、 of support, I felt every muscle of my body loosen. My mentor knew the right thing to say, but we cant expect the same from everyone. Sometimes, friends and family ask me, “How long until you get your degree?” As many graduate students will agree, this question is a stress starter. Now, when people
41、in my community-always with the best intentions-say something that creates pressure and makes me feel bad, I tell them and we talk about it. I tell them that I prefer to hear, “Do you need someone to talk to? How can I help you through this rough time?” This was a bit awkward at first. But Ive start
42、ed to notice a change. These days, I get fewer stress-inducing(引起压力的) questions and comments.24. Which can replace the underlined word “trudging” in paragraph 1?A. Struggling.B. Seeing.C. Breaking.D. Cutting.25. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the author?A. He was afraid to leave his pro
43、gram.B. He appreciated what his mentor said.C. He preferred to discuss pros and cons.D. He had a strong desire to get a masters degree.26. Which does the author prefer to hear when he needs support?A. Never give up!B. How about a chat?C. Have you prepared for the result?D. Go ahead! I will back you
44、up!27. Whats the main idea of the text?A. Value the source of inspiration from your community.B. Communicate with your community more about study.C. Find a way to block out support from your community.D. Let support from your community become less stressful.【答案】24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D【解析】【分析】本文属于夹叙夹
45、议文。作者主要以自身的经历，叙述了很多人与作者一样面对着来自周围圈子的支持变成了压力。作者希望来自周围圈子的支持不要变成压力。【24题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文That answer might have surprised some, who probably expected to hear about experiments that didnt work or trudging through academic materials.可知那样的回答可能会使一些人感到惊讶，他们可能希望听到的是“实验不顺利”或“在学术材料的学习中遇到一些困难”。由此可知，此处“trudging”的意思是“（
46、因疲劳或负重而）步履沉重地走、费力地走”与A选项“Struggling”意思相近。故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Hearing this simple, direct statement of support, I felt every muscle of my body loosen.可知听到这个简单、直接支持的声明，我感到我身体的每一块肌肉都放松了。所以导师给他的回应出乎他的意料，使他感受到了真正的支持而非压力。由此可推知，作者感激他的导师所说的话。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中I tell them that I prefer to hear, “Do y
47、ou need someone to talk to? How can I help you through this rough time?” This was a bit awkward at first. But Ive started to notice a change.可知我告诉他们我更喜欢听，“你需要找个人谈谈吗？我如何才能帮助你度过这段艰难的时光。” 一开始这有点尴尬。但我开始注意到一个变化。由此可推断出，当作者需要支持的时候，他更喜欢听到“聊聊怎么样？”这句话。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“What is the biggest challenge of g
48、raduate school?” an undergraduate asked the group of graduate students at an event I helped organize last summer. “Not letting the support from my community turn into pressure,” one member responded.可知“研究生院最大的挑战是什么?”去年夏天，在我帮助组织的一次活动中，一名本科生问一群研究生。“不要让我们周围圈子的支持变成压力，”一名成员回应道。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是不要让来自周围圈子的支持变成
49、压力。故选D。CA new study finds that the average performance of students from the lowest income families in the US lags(滞后) about three to four years behind that of the highest income students-an achievement gap that has remained constant for decades. An analysis of standardized tests given to more than 2
50、. 7 million middle and high school students over 40 years suggests that federal education programs aimed at closing the gap are falling short. Researchers looked at results from four different programs conducted nationwide at various intervals from 1971 to 2015 to test teenagers in math, reading and
51、 science. A total of 98 exams were used in the programs, testing students aged 13-15 as well as 17-year-olds. Test scores for 17-year-old students in the bottom 10th income percentile(百分位) were far lower than those in the top 10th percentile.Meanwhile, the overall test scores didnt shift for 17-year
52、-olds during the study period. They did improve slightly for 13-to 15-year-olds, which suggests that federal programs for younger students have been helpful. But the lowest income students still score much lower than the highest income students. “Programs for older students are badly needed,” says s
53、tudy coauthor Eric Hanushek, an education economist at Stanford University. “Lower achievement in high school leads to lower earning potential throughout adulthood. The next generation is going to look a lot like this generation. Kids from poor families will become poor themselves.”Whether the probl
54、em is worsening, however, is up for debate. A 2011 study, conducted by Stanford education sociologist Sean Reardon, looked at 12 exams administered from 1960 to 2007, and found that the gap in test scores between the poorest and the wealthiest students grew by 40 percent. It shows the poorest studen
55、ts lag about three to six years behind their wealthier peers in learning. Reardon suggested parents of means were increasingly investing in their childrens education, sharpening the divide. The different results between the new study and that conducted in 2011 come down to the fact that the research
56、ers analyzed results from different tests and how they categorized(分类) family income level, says education sociologist Anna Chmielewski. Hanushek and Reardon agree that the income-related achievement gap is alarming.28. What does the result of the new study indicate?A The poorest students lagging be
57、hind exists in specific age groups.B. A better standard for category should be adopted in the study.C. The federal education programs turned out unsuccessful generally.D. A better school performance necessarily leads to higher income.29. How does the author present the serious issue?A. By showing th
58、e discussion result.B. By clarifying some points.C. By doing a questionnaire.D. By making a comparison.30. What may cause the different results of the two studies?A. The different countries.B. The analytical methods.C. The income assessments.D. The different ranges of age.31. Why does the income-rel
59、ated achievement gap concern people?A. It will disappear eventually.B. It will further widen the social gap.C. It results in the students blind competitions.D. It makes Americans smarter and richer.【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，美国低收入家庭学生的平均成绩落后于高收入家庭学生大约3到4年，而这一成绩差距几十年来一直保持不变，短
60、文介绍了了研究过程以及造成这种差距的原因。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中An analysis of standardized tests given to more than 2. 7 million middle and high school students over 40 years suggests that federal education programs aimed at closing the gap are falling short.可知一项对超过270万初高中学生进行了40年的标准化考试的分析表明，旨在缩小差距的联邦教育计划未能达到要求。由此可知，新的研究结
61、果表明了联邦教育计划总体上没有成功。故选C。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中A total of 98 exams were used in the programs, testing students aged 13-15 as well as 17-year-olds. Test scores for 17-year-old students in the bottom 10th income percentile(百分位) were far lower than those in the top 10th percentile.可知该计划总共使用了98项考试，对13至15岁的学生以
62、及17岁的学生进行了测试。百分之十收入最低的17岁学生的考试成绩远远低于百分之十收入最高的17岁学生。由此可推知，作者通过比较来提出这一严肃问题的。故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中The different results between the new study and that conducted in 2011 come down to the fact that the researchers analyzed results from different tests and how they categorized(分类) family income level,
63、says education sociologist Anna Chmielewski.可知教育社会学家Anna Chmielewski说，这项新研究与2011年进行的研究结果不同，原因在于研究人员分析了不同测试的结果以及他们对家庭收入水平的分类。由此可知，收入评估可能导致两项研究结果不同。故选C。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Lower achievement in high school leads to lower earning potential throughout adulthood. The next generation is going to look a lot
64、like this generation. Kids from poor families will become poor themselves.可知高中成绩越差，整个成年期的收入潜力就越低。下一代将看起来像这一代人。来自贫穷家庭的孩子们自己也会变得贫穷。由此可知，为什么与收入相关的成就差距会引起人们的关注是因为这将进一步扩大社会差距。故选B。DScientists already know that plants are highly sensitive to touch of any kind. If youve ever touched Mimosa pudica(含羞草), youv
65、e already witnessed its fan-like leaves close up. But most of the time, the effect is invisible, or immediately invisible. A recent study found that touching plants causes such a dramatic response in their hormones and gene expression that it could greatly prevent their growth.The team touched thale
66、 cress, a weedy plant, with soft paint brushes, and then analyzed the plants biological responses. “The lightest touch from a human, an animal, an insect, or even plants touching each other in the wind, causes a huge gene response in the plant,” Jim Whelan, a biologist at La Trobe University in Aust
67、ralia, said in a statement. “Within 30 minutes of being touched, 10% of the plants genome(基因组) is changed.”Previous research has suggested that touch could actually be beneficial, because it stimulates(刺激) the plants immune system. But this study found that the plants used many resources to respond
68、to touch, which are then not available for growing. The researchers found if they touched a plant multiple times, this was enough to reduce its growth rate by as much as 30%. Other papers have similarly shown that touch can change plant growth; a paper released in 2016 found that even a gentle pat c
69、ould change the expression of thousands of genes within the same plant. “While plants dont appear to complain when we step on them, or just brush by them while going for a walk, theyre fully aware of this contact and rapidly respond to our treatment of them,” said Olivier Van Aken, a plant biologist
70、 at the University of Western Australia. Whelan and his team uncovered more information about the genetic pathways that are activated by touching a plant, which may be useful for developing more resilient(能复原的) plants. Whelan told the Sydney Morning Herald that the findings are likely most useful fo
71、r the agriculture industry: if plant scientists can find ways to change that defensive response, produce yields(产量) could potentially go up.32. How does touch prevent a plant growing?A. By causing genetic changes.B. By conveying harmful substances.C. By stopping it absorbing nutrients.D. By damaging
72、 its inner structure.33. What can be concluded from Olivier Van Akens words about plants?A. They are easy to look after.B. They respond rapidly to any contact.C. They never have feelings for touch.D. They are allergic to any human activity.34. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. The significanc
73、e of the study.B. The approaches to the findings.C. The way to develop resilient plants.D. The information about increasing produce yields.35. What can be the best title for the text?A. Plants gene expression is defined by touchB. Touch will help increase produce yieldsC. Something is done to help p
74、lants growD. Plants dont really like to be touched【答案】32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近的一项研究发现，接触植物会引起其激素和基因表达的剧烈反应，从而可能极大地阻止其生长。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中A recent study found that touching plants causes such a dramatic response in their hormones and gene expression that it could greatly prevent th
75、eir growth.可知最近的一项研究发现，接触植物会引起其激素和基因表达的剧烈反应，从而可能极大地阻止其生长。由此可知，触摸引起遗传改变阻止植物生长。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The lightest touch from a human, an animal, an insect, or even plants touching each other in the wind, causes a huge gene response in the plant,” Jim Whelan, a biologist at La Trobe University in Aus
76、tralia, said in a statement. “Within 30 minutes of being touched, 10% of the plants genome is changed.”可知澳大利亚拉特罗布大学的生物学家Olivier Van Aken在一份声明中说:“人类、动物、昆虫，甚至是植物在风中相互接触的最轻微的接触，都会导致植物产生巨大的基因反应。在被触摸后的30分钟内，10%的植物基因组发生了变化。”由此，从Olivier Van Aken关于植物的论述中我们可以得出植物对任何接触都反应迅速。故选B。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Whelan and
77、his team uncovered more information about the genetic pathways that are activated by touching a plant, which may be useful for developing more resilient plants. Whelan told the Sydney Morning Herald that the findings are likely most useful for the agriculture industry: if plant scientists can find w
78、ays to change that defensive response, produce yields could potentially go up.可知Whelan和他的团队发现了更多有关通过触摸植物而激活的遗传途径的信息，这对于开发更具复原力的植物可能有用。Whelan告诉悉尼先驱晨报，这项发现可能对农业最有用：如果植物科学家能找到改变这种防御反应的方法，产量可能会上升。由此可知，最后一段主要关注了该研究的意义。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中A recent study found that touching plants causes such a dramatic
79、 response in their hormones and gene expression that it could greatly prevent their growth.可知最近的一项研究发现，接触植物会引起其激素和基因表达的剧烈反应，从而可能极大地阻止其生长。结合文章主要讲述了最近的一项研究发现，接触植物会引起其激素和基因表达的剧烈反应，从而可能极大地阻止其生长。故D选项“植物其实不喜欢被触摸”符合文章标题，故选D。【点睛】易错分析3. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. The significance of the study.
80、B. The approaches to the findings.C. The way to develop resilient plants. D. The information about increasing produce yields.本题容易错选C选项，是受到了最后一段第一句Whelan and his team uncovered more information about the genetic pathways that are activated by touching a plant, which may be useful for developing more
81、resilient plants.( Whelan和他的团队发现了更多有关通过触摸植物而激活的遗传途径的信息，这对于开发更具复原力的植物可能有用)的影响，学生在做题时注意把握段落整体大意，培育有复原能力的植物只是这一研究结果带来的一个方面，文章后文还提到了这项发现可能对农业最有用，说明最后一段重点是这一研究的意义。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many adults see rainy days as perfect for relaxing and curling up with a go
82、od book or a favorite movie. _36_ They want to run, play, and release their pent-up energy. The situation isnt hopeless, though. There are many rainy day activities that are perfect for children of all ages.As soon as kids begin to feel frustrated from being trapped in the house, they will become de
83、structive, and the kitchen table and chairs will become jungle gyms. In this case, help them to release their energy in a productive manner. Try turning the music loud and dancing._37_Rainy days often lead to a desire for sweet treats, so make baking one of kids favorite rainy day activities. Grab t
84、he kids and make some cookies, cakes or pies. Allow the kids to do most of the work, except for handling sharp objects or touching the stove or oven._38_ They will also be content with a stomach full of warm cookies and milk._39_These give the kids a chance to develop their imagination and improve t
85、heir fine motor skills. Set the kids up in an area of the house that is easily cleaned up. Allow them to explore their creativity.Playing dress-up is one of kids favorite rainy day activities. Pull out some clothes that arent worn often and have the kids dress up._40_ If a video camera is handy, rec
86、ord it and let the kids watch it with a bag of popcorn.A. Try putting together a game of mud football.B. Rainy day activities often include art projects.C. Make it even more exciting by putting on plays.D. On the other hand,many kids see rainy days as boringE. Rain wont hurt the kids,and can be a ni
87、ce change of pace.F. After their energy is released,the kids can do quiet rainy day activities.G. The kids will be very proud of themselves for completing such an activity.【答案】36. D 37. F 38. G 39. B 40. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种下雨天适合孩子的活动。【36题详解】空前提到“很多成年人认为下雨天很适合放松，蜷缩着读一本好书或者看一个电影”，空后“他们想奔跑，想玩，想释
88、放他们潜在的精力”与空前说的成年人相反，所以空处应是提到另一个群体，D项“另一方面，很多孩子认为下雨天无聊”切题，空后的They指代空处的“many kids”。故选D项。【37题详解】空前两句提到“在这种情况下，要帮助他们以富有成效的方式释放精力。尝试把音乐调大声一点，并随着跳舞”，F项“精力释放之后，孩子就能做一些安静的雨天活动”承接上文，表明实施上文方法后的结果，故选F项。【38题详解】空前提到“允许孩子做大部分工作”，空后“他们也会对吃热饼干和牛奶感到满意”是讲孩子做了大部分工作后的感受，根据空后一句中的关键词“also”可知，空处应也是表达孩子的感受，G项“孩子们会非常为自己骄傲，能
89、完成这样一项活动”切题，故选G项。【39题详解】根据空后“这些为孩子提供一个发展想象力和协作能力的机会”可知，空处应是提到一些下雨天的活动，B项“雨天活动经常包括艺术项目”切题，空后的These指代B项中的“Rainy day activities”。故选B项。【40题详解】根据空后“如果手边有一个摄像机，把它记录下来，让孩子吃着爆米花观看”可知，C项“通过演戏剧来使它更有趣”切题，C项中的it指代空前提到的活动，且B项中的“putting on plays”与空后“video camera”呼应，故选C项。【点睛】第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满
90、分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The sound woke Damian Languell at 8:15 in the morning. It was so loud that he _41_ it came from inside his house in Wade, Maine. As he _42_ to investigate, he heard another sound, this one coming most _43_ from outside. Watching out of his bedroom window,
91、 he saw a tree _44_ in smoke about 500 yards away. A car was wrapped around the trees base, its engine _45_.“I _46_ buckets of water,” said Languell. Then he ran to the crash _47_. The car looked worse up close. It was nearly _48_ into two, and the tree was where the drivers seat ought to have been,
92、 as if planted there. No one should have _49_ this crash, and yet there was 16-year-old Quintin Thompson, his _50_ face pressed against the drivers side window, in visible _51_. Languell, 35, tried pouring the fire with his buckets of water with no success. “When the _52_ got into the front seats, I
93、 realized I had to get him out of there,” he said.Completely _53_ his own safety, Languell opened the cars back door and _54_ in. He cut through Thompsons seat belt using a _55_ hed had the foresight to bring with him. Now that Thompson was free of the _56_, Languell pulled him out of the vehicle, a
94、nd then _57_ the teen to safety just before the entire car was surrounded in flames.Although Thompson suffered several breakings to his legs, spine, and face, a social media post _58_ him as “looking great, smiling, and joking”. Languell thinks about that day often. Displaying the sort of sympathy t
95、hat _59_ him to help, he explained, “My heart goes out to Thompson. When you are that close to that level of hurt, you feel it so _60_.”41. A. rememberedB. assumedC. insistedD. realized42. A. turned upB. looked upC. got upD. speeded up43. A. simplyB. fortunatelyC. strangelyD. definitely44. A. swallo
96、wedB. preservedC. meltedD. settled45. A. beyond reachB. under controlC. on fireD. in shape46. A. pouredB. grabbedC. spottedD. located47. A. levelsB. surroundingsC. directionD. site48. A. developedB. arrangedC. shotD. divided49. A. explainedB. plannedC. survivedD. prevented50. A. terrifiedB. relaxedC
97、. movedD. confused51. A. eagernessB. doubtC. painD. devotion52. A. flamesB. waterC. branchesD. fuel53. A. denyingB. ignoringC. respectingD. guaranteeing54. A. climbedB. slippedC. ranD. called55. A. hammerB. maskC. pocketknifeD. bandage56. A. dilemmaB. trapC. destinationD. embarrassment57. A. forcedB
98、. showedC. draggedD. accompanied58. A. thankedB. employedC. servedD. described59. A. orderedB. droveC. beggedD. trained60. A. directlyB. hopelesslyC. calmlyD. effectively【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. B 57. C 58. D 59. B 60. A【解析】【分析
99、】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公兰格尔不顾自己的安危，拯救了由于车祸，困在车里的男孩汤普森。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：声音很大，他以为是从缅因州韦德的家里传来的。A. remembered记得；B. assumed设想，认为；C. insisted坚持；D. realized意识到。根据后文“As he _ to investigate”可知，他去调查声音到底是从哪传来的，由此可推断出，起初他并不能肯定声音是从哪传来的，他认为是从家里传来的。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当他起床调查时，他听到了另一个声音，这个声音肯定是从外面传来的。A. turned up
100、出现；B. looked up查找；C. got up起床；D. speeded up加快速度。根据上文“The sound woke Damian Languell at 8:15 in the morning.”可知，声音惊醒了达米安兰格尔，由此可知当时他正在床上睡觉，所以此处应该是他起床调查。故选C项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他起床调查时，他听到了另一个声音，这个声音肯定是从外面传来的。A. simply简单地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. definitely确切地。根据下文“Watching out of his bedro
101、om window”可知，他接下来的动作是向窗外看，由此可知，当他再一次听到声音时，他确切地认为这个声音是从外面传来的，所以才会向窗外看。故选D项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从卧室的窗户向外望去，看到大约500码外有一棵树被烟吞没了。A. swallowed吞没；B. preserved保护；C. melted融化；D. settled定居，解决。根据下文“A car was wrapped around the trees base”可知，这辆车撞到树上了，由此可知，树是被撞击产生的烟吞没了。故选A项。【45题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：一辆汽车缠绕在树的底部，引擎着火了
102、。A. beyond reach够不着；B. under control被控制住；C. on fire着火；D. in shape处于良好状态。根据上文“in smoke”可知，车周边有烟，由此可知道，是引擎着火了，产生了烟。故选C项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我抓起几桶水，”兰格尔说。然后他跑向撞车地点。A. poured倾倒；B. grabbed抓住；C. spotted发现；D. located把安置在。根据上文可知，车的引擎着火了，由此可知，他是抓起几桶水，跑去救火。故选B项。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我抓起几桶水，”兰格尔说。然后他跑向撞车地点。A. le
103、vels水平；B. surroundings周围的环境；C. direction方向；D. site地点。根据句中“crash”和生活常识可知，他是跑向撞车地点救火。故选D项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它几乎被一分为二，那棵树在司机座位应该在的地方，就像是种在那里一样。A. developed发展；B. arranged安排；C. shot射击；D. divided分开。根据句中“the tree was where the drivers seat ought to have been”可知，树在司机座位应该在的地方，由此可知，因为车撞到了树，冲击力使车被分成两半了。故选D项。【
104、49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该没有人能在这次撞车事故中幸存下来，然而16岁的昆廷汤普森，他极度惊慌的脸贴在司机的侧窗上，疼痛难忍。35岁的兰格尔试图用一桶一桶的水灭火，但没有成功。A. explained解释；B. planned计划；C. survived幸存；D. prevented阻止。根据上文可知，冲击力使车被分成两半了，由此可知，这里指的是，在这么严重的车祸中，没人能够幸存。故选C项。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：应该没有人能在这次撞车事故中幸存下来，然而16岁的昆廷汤普森，他极度惊慌的脸贴在司机的侧窗上，疼痛难忍。35岁的兰格尔试图用一桶一桶的水灭火，但没有成功
105、。A. terrified极度惊慌的；B. relaxed放松的；C. moved感动的；D. confused困惑的。根据生活常识可知，经历了车祸的人，应该是极度惊慌的。故选A项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：应该没有人能在这次撞车事故中幸存下来，然而16岁的昆廷汤普森，他极度惊慌的脸贴在司机的侧窗上，疼痛难忍。35岁的兰格尔试图用一桶一桶的水灭火，但没有成功。A. eagerness渴望；B. doubt怀疑；C. pain疼痛；D. devotion奉献。根据上文可知，16岁的昆廷汤普森经历了车祸，由此可知，他身上有伤，应该是感到疼痛。故选C项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
106、意：“当火焰冲进前排座位时，我意识到我必须把他救出来，”他说。A. flames火焰；B. water水；C. branches树枝；D. fuel燃料。根据上文可知，车着火了，由此可知，这里指火焰冲进前排座位。故选A项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：兰格尔完全不顾自己的安全，打开汽车后门爬了进去。A. denying否认；B. ignoring忽视；C. respecting尊敬；D. guaranteeing保证。根据后文“Languell opened the cars back door and _ in”可知，兰格尔打开车门去救人了，由此可知，在车体着火的时候，兰格尔是不顾自
107、己的危险去救人。故选B项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：兰格尔完全不顾自己的安全，打开汽车后门爬了进去。A. climbed爬；B. slipped滑动；C. ran跑；D. called给命名。根据上文可知，车被撞成两半，由此可知，兰格尔只能爬进车里。故选A项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他用一把他预见到的随身携带的小刀割断了汤普森的安全带。A. hammer锤子；B. mask面具；C. pocketknife（折叠式）小刀；D. bandage绷带。根据句中“cut through Thompsons seat belt”可知，他应该是用小刀割断了汤普森的安全带。故选C
108、项。【56题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在汤普森已经摆脱了困境，兰格尔把他从车里拉了出来，然后在整辆车被火焰包围之前把他拖到安全的地方。A. dilemma（进退两难的）窘境；B. trap（难以逃脱的）困境；C. destination目的地；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文可知，汤普森被困在了车里，兰格尔割断了安全带，所以他摆脱了困境，这里指“（难以逃脱的）困境”。故选B项。【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在汤普森已经摆脱了困境，兰格尔把他从车里拉了出来，然后在整辆车被火焰包围之前把他拖到安全的地方。A. forced强迫；B. showed展示；C. dragg
109、ed拖，拉；D. accompanied陪伴。根据上文可知，汤普森被困在了车里并且受伤了，自己是没有能力从车里出来的，由此可知，是兰格尔把他从车里拉了出来。故选C项。【58题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管汤普森的腿、脊椎和脸都有几处伤，但一则社交媒体帖子称他“看起来很棒，面带微笑，开玩笑”。A. thanked感谢；B. employed雇用；C. served提供；D. described描述。根据句中“looking great, smiling, and joking”可知，“看起来很棒，面带微笑，开玩笑”应该是社交媒体对他的描述。故选D项。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他表
110、现出一种驱使他去帮忙的同情，解释道：“我的心倾注在汤普森身上。当你接近那种程度的伤害时，你会立刻感觉到它。A. ordered命令；B. drove驱动，迫使；C. begged祈求；D. trained培训。根据句中“sympathy”可知，正是他的同情心驱使他去帮助汤普森，“drive sb. to do sth.”意为“驱使某人去做某事”。故选B项。【60题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他表现出一种驱使他去帮忙的同情，解释道：“我的心倾注在汤普森身上。当你接近那种程度的伤害时，你会立刻感觉到它。A. directly立刻，立即；B. hopelessly绝望地；C. calmly镇静地；
111、D. effectively有效地。根据句意可知，兰格尔想表达的是当你面对这么严重的伤害时，你也会立即感受到这种同情，并给予对方帮助。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。People in China consume 10 grams of salt a day on average, twice the amount _61_ (recommend) by the WHO, according to the new research led by Queen Mary University of Londo
112、n.The _62_ (system) review and analysis, funded by the National Institute for Health Research found that Chinese children aged 3-6 are eating the maximum amount of salt suggested by the WHO for adults (5g a day) while _63_ (old) children eat almost 9g/day.Excess salt intake _64_ (raise) blood pressu
113、re, _65_ important cause of strokes and heart disease, which account for about 40 per cent of deaths in China.The team reviewed all data on salt intake in China and found that salt intake _66_ (be) consistently high over the past four decades. While salt intake in northern China is among the highest
114、 in the world (11.2g a day), it has been declining since the 1980s when it was 12.8g a day. This could be the result of both governmental efforts in salt _67_ (aware) education and less desire _68_ pickled food (腌制食物).However, this trend of decrease failed _69_ (see) in southern China, _70_ the salt
115、 intake has vastly increased from 8.8g a day in the 1980s to 10.2g a day in the 2010s.【答案】61. recommended 62. systematic 63. older 64. raises 65. an 66. has been 67. awareness 68. for 69. to be seen 70. where【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述根据一项新研究，中国人盐的摄入量太多了，过去40年里成年人一天的盐平均摄入量超过建议最高摄入量的二倍。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据伦敦
116、大学玛丽皇后学院进行的新研究，中国人平均每天吃掉10g盐，是世界卫生组织推荐量的二倍。分析句子可知，recommend作定语，修饰the amount，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填recommended。【62题详解】考查形容词。句意：由英国国家健康研究所出资的系统回顾和荟萃分析发现3-6岁的中国儿童食盐量为世界卫生组织推荐给成年人的最大值（5g/天），年龄更大的孩子食盐量约为9g/天。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填systematic。【63题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据句意，此处表示比上文“children aged 3-6”更大的孩子，修饰名词用形容词，故用形容词比
117、较级，故填older。【64题详解】考查动词和主谓一致。句意：盐摄入过量会使血压升高，是中风和心脏病的一个重要原因，致死人数约占中国死亡总人数的40%。分析句子可知，raise作谓语，根据语境可知，讲述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语salt intake是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，故填raises。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意同上。cause“原因”是可数名词，此处泛指“一个重要的原因”，且important以元音因素开头，故填an。【66题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该团队参考了中国关于盐摄入量的数据，发现盐摄入量在过去40年里一直居高不下。分析句子可知，be是that引导的宾语从句
118、的谓语动词，由时间状语“over the past four decades”可知，用现在完成时，主语intake是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，故填has been。【67题详解】考查名词。句意：这可能是政府加强盐意识教育以及人们对腌制食品的依赖程度下降的结果。salt awareness education“盐意识教育”，名词作定语，说明被修饰语的用途，根据句意，故填awareness。【68题详解】考查介词。句意：这可能是政府加强盐意识教育以及人们对腌制食品的依赖程度下降的结果。desire for“对于需求”，是常用搭配，根据句意，故填for。【69题详解】考查不定式。句意：然而中国南方
119、并未出现下降趋势，在那里盐摄入量从20世纪80年代的8.8g/天大幅上升至2010年以后的10.2g/天。fail to do sth.“未能做某事”，接不定式作宾语，且see与逻辑主语trend是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式作宾语，故填to be seen。【70题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而中国南方并未出现下降趋势，盐摄入量从20世纪80年代的8.8g/天大幅上升至2010年以后的10.2g/天。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词southern China，从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共1小题；每小
120、题1分，满分10分）71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Josh had a problem with anger control. As result, he had few friends. Felt worried about Jo
121、shs bad temper, her father tried to help him. He gave Josh a hammer but a bag of nails, telling him to put a nail into the fence whenever he became mad. Although the fence was as tougher as iron, Josh hammered 37 nails within a day! However, he found it was more difficulty to hammer nails than to co
122、ntrolling his anger. Over time, Josh uses fewer nails. One day, he no longer needed nails. His father gave him a hug and told him the hurtful words that he had said them would leave various scar on others.【答案】1.在result前加a2. FeltFeeling3. herhis4. butand5. toughertough6. difficultydifficult7. control
123、lingcontrol8. usesused9. 删除them10. scarscars【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公的父亲是如何帮助他改掉坏脾气的。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：结果，他几乎没有朋友。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“as a result”，意为“结果，因此”。故在result前加a。2.考查非谓语动词。句意：由于担心乔希的坏脾气，他的父亲试图帮助他。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“tried”且句中无连词，故句中应用“feel”的非谓语动词，句子主语“his father”与“feel”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“feel”的现在分词“feeling”
124、，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故将Felt改为Feeling。3.考查代词。句意：由于担心乔希的坏脾气，他的父亲试图帮助他。根据句中“he had few friends”可知，文中的“Josh”是个男孩，“her”意为“她的”，不符合人物性别，“his”意为“他的”，符合人物性别，为形容词性物主代词，修饰“father”。故将her改为his。4.考查连词。句意：他给了乔希一把锤子和一袋钉子，告诉他在他生气的时候把钉子钉进栅栏里。根据句意可知，父亲是给了他一把锤子“和”一袋钉子，两者之间为并列关系，“but”意为“但是”，表示转折，不符合句意，“and”意为“和”，表示并列，符合句意。
125、故将but改为and。5.考查形容词。句意：尽管栅栏像铁一样坚硬，乔希一天之内就钉了37颗钉子！根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“as +形容词或副词原级+as”，意为“像一样”，“tougher”为比较级，原级为“tough”，意为“坚固的”。故将tougher改为tough。6.考查形容词。句意：然而，他发现锤打钉子比控制自己的愤怒更难。分析句子可知，句中应用形容词作表语，说明事物的性质，“difficulty”意为“困难”，名词词性，形容词形式为“difficult”，意为“困难的”，“more difficult”为“difficult”的比较级。故将difficulty改为diffic
126、ult。7.考查动词原形。句意：然而，他发现锤打钉子比控制自己的愤怒更难。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定句型“it is+adj.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事很”，句中“it”作形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语，“than”前后形式一致，都应为不定式短语，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，“controlling”的原形为“control”，意为“控制”，动词词性。故将controlling改为control。8.考查时态。句意：随着时间的推移，乔希用的钉子越来越少。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“uses”为“use”的三单形式，过去式为“u
127、sed”。故将uses改为used。9.考查定语从句。句意：他的父亲给了他一个拥抱，告诉他他说的那些伤人的话会在别人身上留下各种伤疤。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为“that”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“words”，在从句中作“said”的宾语，故句中“them”多余。故将them删除。10.考查名词的数。句意：他的父亲给了他一个拥抱，告诉他他说的那些伤人的话会在别人身上留下各种伤疤。分析句子可知，句中“scar”意为“伤疤”，为可数名词，句中“various”意为“各种各样的”，后应接“scar”的复数形式“scars”。 故将scar改为scars。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）72
128、. 假如你是李华，现在代表你的公司接待一批刚刚到达的印度客人。他们将在你的公司学习培训一段时间。请你向他们致以简要的欢迎词。内容包括：1. 简单慰问；2. 简要介绍即将开始的培训。注意：词数100左右。_【答案】One possible version:Ladies and gentlemenWelcome to China! Welcome to our company!You must have had a happy travel after covering such a long distance. We are very appreciating that you come cro
129、ss so long distance from India to China. We have arranged a nice guest house already for you to give you a good rest, which will make you feel at home while studying here. Well study and train together during your stay here.Of course there are so many things need us to study, especially the safety k
130、nowledge. Lets work together to have a happy and satisfactory training and study here, and wish you enjoy each of minute!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇简要的欢迎词，欢迎一批在考生的公司学习和培训的印度客人，向他们表达简单慰问并简要介绍即将开始的培训。【详解】1.词汇积累感激的：thankfulappreciative让某人好好休息：let sb. have a good restgive sb. a goo
131、d rest尤其，特别：particularlyespecially快乐的，令人愉快的：pleasanthappy2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：You must have had a happy travel after covering such a long distance.拓展句：I think that you must have had a happy travel after covering such a long distance.【点睛】高分句型1 We are very appreciating that you come cross so long distance from India to China. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)高分句型2 We have arranged a nice guest house already for you to give you a good rest, which will make you feel at home while studying here. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)