1、课时天天练(二十九)选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtection.阅读理解A2021西安模拟Instagramisabouttotakeitsbiggeststeptowardremovinglikesfromitsplatform.Aftermonthsoftestinganoptiontohidelikesinselectinternationalmarkets, Instagram, whichisownedbyFacebook (FB), hasalreadybeentestinghidinglikesinsevenothercountries, inclu
2、dingCanada, IrelandandAustralia.Foryears, likeshavebeencentraltohowcelebrities, brands, politiciansandeverydayusersexperienceInstagramandFacebook.Itsawayofmeasuringpopularityandsuccess.Butinrecentmonths, Instagramhasbeenrethinkinghowlikescontributetomakingitsplatformmoretoxic.Nowitsconsideringachang
3、e.ThetotalnumberoflikesonpostswhichappearasheartsontheappwilldisappearfromInstagramsmainfeed, profilepagesandpermalinkpages.Theowneroftheaccountcanstillseetheirownlikes, buttheirfollowerswontknowthecount.CNNBusinesspreviouslyspokewithusersincountrieswiththetest.Themajorityfeltthismovewouldimprovewel
4、lbeingontheapp.Instagramisthemostdetrimentalsocialnetworkingappforyoungpeoplesmentalhealth, suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage, accordingtoonestudy.Butotherusersandpsychologistssaidhidinglikeswontfixeverything.ThetestdoesntaddresssomeofthekeywaysthatactivityonInstagramcanimpactthewellbeingofusers, i
5、ncludingbullying, feelingleftoutandthinkingotherpeopleslivesarebetterthantheirown.ReneeEngeln, apsychologyprofessoratNorthwesternUniversity, voicedhisopinionthatthebiggestimpactofInstagramisthecontentandtheexposuretothisconstantstreamofperfectedimagesiswhatseemstohurtpsychologically.Plus, userscanst
6、illseetheirownlikesandfeelbadlyiftheirpostsdontperformwell.1HowdousersusuallyexperienceInstagramforyears?AByselectingplatforms.BByshowingofftalents.CByhidinglikes.DBygivinglikes.2Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental”inParagraph3mean?AProfitable.BPopular.CHarmful.DPositive.3Whatcanweinferfromthepass
7、age?AInstagramhasaffectedyoungstersmentalhealth.BTheaccountownerswontknowthecountolikes.CInstagramtestedhidinglikesinsevencountriesfirst.DThemajoritythinkInstagramhasbeenawellbeingapp.4Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?AInstagramMisusesLikesBMorePeopleAreAgainstLikesCLikesCauseMentalProblemsDLikes
8、willBeHiddenonInstagramB2021德州模拟ChinasMarsrover, Tianwen1, willlikelyattempttolandatasiteinnortheasternMars, accordingtoanewpaperpublishedjustdaysaheadofthemissionslaunch.ThepaperwaswrittenbyteammembersofChinasTianwen1Marsmission, whichaimstosendanorbiterandarovertotheRedPlanet.Thestudyrevealsnewdet
9、ailsaboutTianwen1, outliningitsintendedlandingarea, sciencegoalsandthenamesofinstrumentsaboardthespacecraft.Italsostressesthehistoricnatureofthemission: NotonlyisTianwen1ChinasfirstfullyhomegrownMarsmission, itsalsothefirsttocarrybothanorbiterandarover.Tianwen1means“questionstoheaven”andwastakenfrom
10、thetitleofapoembyQuYuan (340278BC).ThespacecraftwillreachMarsinFebruary2021, atthesametimeasNASAsPerseveranceroverandtheUnitedArabEmirates5HopeorbiterlaunchedonSunday (July19).However, Chinasroverwillremainattachedtotheorbiterfortwotothreemonthsbeforeattemptingitslanding, accordingtothepaper.Thechos
11、enlandingareaisUtopiaPlanitia, ahugebasinformedbyalargeimpactfarbackinMarshistorythatwasalsotheregionwhereNASAsViking2landertoucheddownin1976.Chinahadisolatedapartofthevastplainasalandingarea, whichmeanstherewillbemoretimeandatmospherefortheentryspacecrafttoslowdownandsafelylandonthesurface.Thelatit
12、udeisalsosuitableforreceivingenoughsunlighttopowerthe240kilogramsrover.Therelativelysmoothsurfacewillalsobehelpfulforroving.ThemissionalsobenefitsfromtheengineeringheritageofChinasChangelunarexplorationprogram, thepapernoted.TheTianwen1orbiterwilloperateinapolarorbitinordertomapMars.Theroverwillalso
13、investigatethesurfacesoilcharacteristicsandwatericedistributionwithitsownSubsurfaceExplorationRadar.ItwillalsoanalyzesurfacematerialcompositionandcharacteristicsoftheMartianclimateandenvironmentonthesurface.5Whatsthepurposeofthepassage?ATolayoutkeydetailsaboutTianwen1.BTostatehowTianwen1wasinvented.
14、CTostressthehistoricmeaningofTianwen1.DToanalyzecharacteristicsoftheMartianclimate.6WhatismostspecialaboutTianwen1accordingtoPara.2?AItwasnamedafterQuYuan, afamouspoetinChinesehistory.BItwillreachMarsatthesametimeasNASAsViking2.CItwillremainfor2or3monthsonMars.DItwillcompleteorbitingandrovinginaMars
15、mission.7WhyisUtopiaPlanitiachosenasthelandingareaofTianwen1?ATherareairthereissuitablefortheflightofTianwen.BTheareacanprotectTianwen1fromtoomuchsunlight.CIthasrelativelysmoothsurface, whichishelpfulforroving.DThereisnospacecraftsuccessfullylandingthereinhistory.8ThelastParagraphstatesmainly_.ATian
16、wen1shistoriccontributionsBTianwen1snewradarinstrumentsCTianwen1sacademicadvantagesDTianwen1sscientificgoals.完形填空2021日照模拟Justafewmonthsearlier, Iwouldneverhavepicturedmyselfactinginaplayinfrontoftwohundredpeople.Ifnotformy_1_，Mrs.Sather, Imightneverhavefoundthatopportunity.Inthefirstandsecondgrade,
17、Iwasextremely_2_.Itjustwasntinmypersonalitytobeveryoutgoing.Iwouldescapeinmywriting.Mrs.Sather, always_3_metowritemore.Ithinkshewasoneofthefirstpeopletoseemyinner_4_.Oneday, sheannouncedourclasswasgoingto_5_aplay, atakeoffonTheWizardofOz.“IneedsomeonetoplaytheleadpartofDorothy.”Afewexcitedhands_6_.M
18、ine, ofcourse, wasnotoneofthem.Afterschool, Mrs.Sathersaidtome, “Dallas, Iwas_7_youdidntraiseyourhand.Youregreatatmemorizingthings, andyouhavesuchasweetpersonality.PerfectforDorothy! Ihadyouin_8_forDorothywhilewritingtheplay! Ifyou_9_dontwantto, though, Iwontmakeyou.Itsyour_10_.”Irealizeditwastimeto
19、showtheworldwhoIreallywas.I_11_therole.Fastforwardthroughfivemonthsof_12_，linememorizing, andcostumecreating, wewereready.Attheendoftheplay, whentheaudiencestoodandapplauded, Iknewtheywerenotjust_13_formyperformancethatnight, butforthe_14_thattheyknewwouldcomeinlateryearsbecauseofmynewfound_15_.1A.p
20、artnerBteacherCparentDclassmate2A.shyBweakCenergeticDambitious3A.recommendedBallowedCencouragedDaccompanied4A.drawbackBpeaceCcharacterDstrength5A.performBwatchCwriteDenjoy6A.putdownBreachedoutCshotupDdrewback7A.excitedBamusedCafraidDsurprised8A.storeBmindCmemoryDcomparison9A.initiallyBreallyCfinally
21、Dspiritually10A.turnBchoiceCluckDfault11A.acceptedBplayedCcreatedDremembered12A.practicingBlearningCobservingDcommunicating13A.celebratingBchattingCcheeringDcongratulating14A.praisesBeffortsCbeliefsDperformances15A.skillBconfidenceCinterestDhobby.语篇填空2021湖北模拟Havingavegandietmightsoundhard.However, i
22、nrecentyears, veganism (纯素食主义) hasbecomeoneof1._fastestgrowinglifestyletrendsintheworld.AccordingtoHuffPost, morethan3millionpeopleintheUnitedStatesarevegans.IntheUK, about542,000people2._ (choose) veganismoverthepastdecade.Whatisdrivingthis3._ (grow) inveganism? Itisbecausepeoplewanttoprotecttheenv
23、ironment.Producingmeatanddairyproducts4._ (be) stressfulfortheenvironment.Accordingtoastudy, globalmeatmanufacturingcausesabout18percentoftheworldsgreenhousegasemissions.Thisfigureis5._ (high) thanalltheworldscars, trainsandplanescombined.Anotherreasonis6._manyoftodaysyoungpeoplebelieveitswrongtokil
24、lanimalsforfood.Formanypeople, veganism7._ (simple) meanseatingnomeat, cheeseoreggs, butgoinganimalfreealsoappliestofashionandmanufacturing.Everyyearmorethanabillionanimalsarekilled8._ (make) leatherproductsfromtheirskins.Now, manybrandsarelookingforothermaterials.ThesportsbrandPumahasmadeshoesoutof
25、pineappleleaves.Teslaissaidtoberemovinganimalbasedleather9._itsseats.So, ifyoureinterestedin10._ (protect) theenvironment, youmightwanttogiveveganismatry.课时天天练(二十九)选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtection.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。Instagram即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。因为“点赞”让平台变得更“有毒”的，几个月来Instagram一直尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞
26、”功能。1答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段中“Foryears, likeshavebeencentraltohowcelebrities, brands, politiciansandeverydayusersexperienceInstagramandFacebook.”多年来，“点赞”一直是名人、品牌商、政客和普通用户体验Instagram和Facebook的核心。由此可知，体验Instagram是通过点赞的形式，故选D。2答案与解析：C词义猜测题。根据第三段“Themajorityfeltthismovewouldimprovewellbeingontheapp.”可知，大多数人认
27、为移除点赞可以改善在这个应用上的舒适度。划线单词所在句子“Instagramisthemostdetrimentalsocialnetworkingappforyoungpeoplesmentalhealth, suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage, accordingtoonestudy.”可知，Instagram对年轻人的心理健康最有影响的一种社交网络应用，比如能消极地影响一个人的身体形象，结合两句话可知，Instagram目前是有消极影响，能让用户产生不舒适感的社交网络。detrimental是来形容Instagram的特点的，应该是消极方面的词义，结合选
28、项，只有选项C“有害的”，符合文意，故选C。3答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第三段“Instagramisthemostdetrimentalsocialnetworkingappforyoungpeoplesmentalhealth, suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage, accordingtoonestudy.”可知，根据研究表明，Instagram是对年轻人的心理健康最有害的一种社交网络应用，比如对身体形象产生负面影响。由此可推断出Instagram影响了青少年的心理健康。故选A。4答案与解析：D主旨大意题。本文第一段叙述了Instagram即将迈出最大
29、的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。几个月来Instagram一直在尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。接着下文具体分析了“点赞”造成的不好影响，所以要在Instagram隐藏“点赞”功能。因此D项是最佳题目。故选D。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了据任务发射前几天发表的一篇新论文称，中国的火星漫游者“天问1号”可能会尝试在火星东北部的一个地点着陆。文中还揭示了天问1号的新细节，概述了它的预定着陆区域、科学目标和飞船上仪器的名称。5答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第二段中“ThestudyrevealsnewdetailsaboutTianwen1, outliningitsint
30、endedlandingarea, sciencegoalsandthenamesofinstrumentsaboardthespacecraft.(这项研究揭示了天问1号的新细节，概述了它的预定着陆区域、科学目标和飞船上仪器的名称)”结合文章主要介绍了据任务发射前几天发表的一篇新论文称，中国的火星漫游者“天问1号”可能会尝试在火星东北部的一个地点着陆。文中还揭示了天问1号的新细节，概述了它的预定着陆区域、科学目标和飞船上仪器的名称。可推知，这篇文章的目的是列出天问1号的关键细节。故选A。6答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第二段中“Italsostressesthehistoricnatureo
31、fthemission: NotonlyisTianwen1ChinasfirstfullyhomegrownMarsmission, itsalsothefirsttocarrybothanorbiterandarover.(它还强调了这次任务的历史性：天问一号不仅是中国第一个完全自主的火星任务，也是第一个同时携带轨道飞行器和探测车的任务)”可推知，天问1号最特别的地方是它将在火星任务中完成环绕和漫游。故选D。7答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Chinahadisolatedapartofthevastplainasalandingarea, whichmeanstherewil
32、lbemoretimeandatmospherefortheentryspacecrafttoslowdownandsafelylandonthesurface.Thelatitudeisalsosuitableforreceivingenoughsunlighttopowerthe240kilogramsrover.Therelativelysmoothsurfacewillalsobehelpfulforroving. (中国已经将这片广阔的平原的一部分隔离出来作为着陆点，这意味着将有更多的时间和大气层让飞船减速并安全着陆在火星表面。这个纬度也适合接受足够的阳光，为240公斤重的火星车提供
33、动力。相对光滑的表面也将有助于漫游。)”可知，选择乌托邦平原作为“天问一号”的着陆点，是因为它表面比较光滑，有利于漫游。故选C。8答案与解析：D主旨大意题。根据最后一段“TheTianwen1orbiterwilloperateinapolarorbitinordertomapMars.TheroverwillalsoinvestigatethesurfacesoilcharacteristicsandwatericedistributionwithitsownSubsurfaceExplorationRadar.Itwillalsoanalyzesurfacematerialcomposit
34、ionandcharacteristicsoftheMartianclimateandenvironmentonthesurface.(天问1号轨道飞行器将在极轨道上运行，以绘制火星地图。探测车还将利用自己的地下探测雷达调查地表土壤特征和水冰分布。它还将分析火星表面物质的组成以及火星表面气候和环境的特征。)”可知，最后一段主要阐述了“天问一号”的科学目标。故选D。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者在Sather老师的鼓励下，参与了戏剧的表演，最终演出非常成功，作者也重拾了信心。1答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有我的老师Sather夫人，我可能永远也找不到这
35、样的机会。A.partner伙伴；B.teacher老师；C.parent父母；D.classmate同学。根据第三段Oneday, sheannouncedourclass可推知Sather夫人是作者的老师。故选B。2答案与解析：A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一年级和二年级的时候，我非常害羞。A.shy害羞的；B.weak虚弱的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.ambitious有抱负的。结合语境Itjustwasntinmypersonalitytobeveryoutgoing.可知在一年级和二年级的时候，作者非常害羞。故选A。3答案与解析：C考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sather老师
36、总是鼓励我多写。A.recommended推荐；B.allowed允许；C.encouraged鼓励；D.accompanied陪伴。结合后文metowritemore可知Sather老师总是鼓励作者多写。故选C。4答案与解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想她是第一个看到我内心力量的人。A.drawback缺点；B.peace和平；C.character性格；D.strength力量。结合上文Sather老师鼓励作者多写可知Sather老师看到了作者内心的力量。其他选项不符合语境。故选D。5答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她宣布我们班要表演一出戏，绿野仙踪。A.perform表演
37、；B.watch看；C.write写；D.enjoy欣赏。结合下文aplay, atakeoffonTheWizardofOz.可知是表演绿野仙踪。故选A。6答案与解析：C考查动词短语辨析。句意：几只激动的手伸出来，我当然不在其中。A.putdown记下；B.reachedout伸出；C.shotup迅速举起；D.drewback收回。结合上文萨瑟夫人挑选扮演Dorothy的人，结合下文youdidntraiseyourhand可知是有几只激动的手马上举起来了。故选C。7答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，Sather老师对我说：“达拉斯，我很惊讶你没有举手。”A.excited激
38、动的；B.amused愉快的；C.afraid害怕的；D.surprised惊讶的。结合后文Youregreatatmemorizingthings, andyouhavesuchasweetpersonality.PerfectforDorothy！可知Sather老师认为作者是扮演Dorothy的最佳人选，因此惊讶于作者没有举手。故选D。8答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在写剧本的时候就把你想成Dorothy了。A.store商店；B.mind思维；C.memory记忆；D.comparison对比。结合上文Sather老师认为作者是扮演Dorothy的最佳人选，可知Sather老
39、师在写剧本的时候就已经把作者想成Dorothy了。短语havesb.inmind“心中想着某人”。故选B。9答案与解析：B考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的不想，我也不会逼你。A.initially首先；B.really真的；C.finally终于；D.spiritually精神上。结合下文dontwantto, though, Iwontmakeyou可知如果作者真的不想扮演Dorothy，Sather老师也不会勉强她。故选B。10答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是你的选择。A.turn转弯；B.choice选择；C.luck运气；D.fault错误。结合上文老师的话可知，要不要扮演
40、Dorothy是作者的选择，Sather老师不会勉强。故选B。11答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我接受了这个角色。A.accepted接受；B.played玩耍；C.created创造；D.remembered记住。结合上文IrealizeditwastimetoshowtheworldwhoIreallywas.可知作者还是接受了这个角色。故选A。12答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过五个月的练习、台词记忆和服装制作，我们已经准备好了。A.practicing练习；B.learning学会；C.observing观察；D.communicating交流。根据常识作者表演戏剧需
41、要经过练习。故选A。13答案与解析：C考查动词词义辨析。句意：在戏剧的最后，当观众起立鼓掌时，我知道他们不仅仅是在为我当晚的表演喝彩，而是因为我重拾信心，他们知道以后会有更多的表演。A.celebrating庆祝；B.chatting聊天；C.cheering欢呼；D.congratulating恭喜。结合上文whentheaudiencestoodandapplauded可知观众为作者的表演而欢呼喝彩。故选C。14答案与解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：在戏剧的最后，当观众起立鼓掌时，我知道他们不仅仅是在为我当晚的表演喝彩，而是因为我重拾信心，他们知道以后会有更多的表演。A.praises赞扬
42、；B.efforts努力；C.beliefs信念；D.performances表现。结合上文whentheaudiencestoodandapplauded可知作者的戏剧表演很成功，大家都为之喝彩。故选D。15答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：在戏剧的最后，当观众起立鼓掌时，我知道他们不仅仅是在为我当晚的表演喝彩，而是因为我重拾信心，他们知道以后会有更多的表演。A.skill技能；B.confidence自信；C.interest兴趣；D.hobby爱好。结合上文作者从一开始不敢举手申请扮演角色到最后演出的成功，可知作者重拾了自信。故选B。.语篇填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻。纯素食主义风
43、已成为世界上生活方式的时尚。人们之所以选择纯素食是想保护环境，另一个原因是许多当今的年轻人认为杀动物为食是错误的。1答案与解析：the考查冠词。句意：但近年来，纯素食主义成为了全球一种增长趋势最快的生活方式。oneof后面名词是特指，要用定冠词the，故填the。2答案与解析：havechosen考查现在完成时。句意：据赫芬顿邮报报道，美国有超过三百万人都是纯素食主义者。在过去的十年间，英国大约有54.2万人选择了素食。时间状语overthepastdecade句子要用现在完成时。故填havechosen。3答案与解析：growth考查名词。句意：为何纯素食主义如此受欢迎？空格前有this修饰
44、，与this一起做drive的宾语，要用grow的名词形式growth。故填growth。4答案与解析：is考查系动词。句意：生产肉类和奶制品会给环境带来很大压力。本句的主语是动名词，单个的动名词作主语，谓语用单数，而且表一般情况，因此本句要用is，故填is。5答案与解析：higher考查比较级。句意：这一数值比全球所有的汽车、火车、飞机加起来的温室气体排放总量还要高。后面有than需要用比较级。故填higher。6答案与解析：that考查表语从句。句意：另一个原因是，今天的许多年轻人认为为了食物而杀死动物是错误的。分析句子可知，本句是表语从句，表语从句中不缺少成分，只缺少一个引导词，此时要用
45、that引导表语从句。故填that。7答案与解析：simply考查副词作状语。句意：对于许多人而言，纯素食主义仅仅意味着不吃肉、奶酪或者鸡蛋，但采取无动物成分的做法同样适用于时尚业和制造业。此处用副词作状语。分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰动词means，修饰动词要用副词，故填simply。8答案与解析：tomake考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：每年有超过10亿只动物被杀，用它们的皮做皮革制品。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作目的状语，英语中一般用动词不定式作目的状语，故填tomake。9答案与解析：from考查固定搭配。句意：美国汽车制造公司特斯拉表示，将不再使用动物皮革制成的座椅。removefrom为固定搭配，意为“把从移除/去掉”。故填from。10答案与解析：protecting考查固定搭配。句意：因此，如果你想要保护动物、拯救环境，不妨试一下纯素食主义吧。in是介词后面接doing。beinterestedindoing为固定搭配，意为“对做感兴趣”，in后要用动词的ing形式，故填protecting。
