1、高考英语七选五试题即给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。为了帮助考生清楚地了解此种试题的情况，下面将具体分析近三年全国卷英语七选五试题的命题特点：位置关系201920182017卷卷卷卷卷卷卷卷卷段首题主旨句40题/37题38题39题40题36题40题37题37题承上启下句37题37题/38题39题/段尾题结论、概括句/39题40题37题39题/39题承上启下句/36题/段中题并列或递进关系36题36题39题36题40题3
2、6题/36题40题/36题40题36题38题40题转折或让步关系/40题/37题/38题/因果关系39题38题/37题/38题/解释或例证关系38题/38题39题38题/37题39题/分析近三年的高考试题，我们不难发现全国卷七选五的题材大多贴近学生生活，内容与时俱进，主要涉及文化教育、社会生活、体育介绍、未来规划、商务管理、工作职业等内容。阅读材料一般是一篇300词左右的短文，其中正文为240词左右，备选项为60词左右。七个选项都与短文相关。选项多为完整的句子，句型不一，长短不同。七个备选项通常由短到长排列。近三年全国卷七选五的文章体裁几乎全部是说明文(2017全国卷除外)。这种文体的文章结构
3、严谨，脉络清晰，层次分明，逻辑性强，便于学生在阅读的基础上进行综合理解。适合考查标题概括句、主题句和过渡句等。该题型大致通过“主旨概括句(涉及文章整体内容)”“过渡句(反映文章结构)”和“细节注释句(反映上下文的逻辑关系)”三个类型的备选项来考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握能力。综合上表可知，段首题和段中题是考查重点，而段中题又以并列或递进关系和转折或让步关系居多，这就要求考生必须联系上下文去做题，仔细揣摩上下句之间的逻辑关系。因此，在做七选五时，考生可以从“位置”和“逻辑”两个角度来把握该题型的解题技巧。一、解题步骤1速读全文，了解大意快速阅读全文要点词句，包括首
4、尾段、首尾句以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的句子等，目的是掌握文章的主要内容。2寻找信息，分析选项然后再边读边做题，重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系就基本清楚了。3.代入答案，检查核对重新阅读相关词句，重点做刚才没做出的题或不确定的题。此时可将已选出的答案代入原文，同时检查核对已选出的答案，看文章从内容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上是否通顺连贯一致、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及
5、用语是否恰当贴切。如果所选的答案可以满足上述标准，则表明各个问题的答案基本正确。二、解题策略七选五解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接和结构衔接。(一)词汇衔接词汇衔接又可以具体分为：代词、同义词/近义词、上下义词/同一范畴词对应关系。1代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词及起名词作用的短语或句子，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。典例1Alert your friends.If you learn that someones been spreading nasty rumors about
6、you，your first action should be to consult with your close friends. Tell them the facts of the situation.正确选项为：They should be people you know and trust.分析：根据该空上一句“如果你知道有人一直在散布关于你的恶毒谣言，你的第一个行动应该是和你的亲密朋友商量”可知，D项“They should be people you know and trust.(他们应该是你认识和信任的人)”符合语境。D项中的they指上文中的close friends。故
7、选D。典例2Unlike cycling，which puts emphasis on the muscles in your legs，tennis uses the arms，legs，shoulders，and core，providing a total body workout. .It also improves coordination(协调)，strength and cardio fitness.正确选项为：Playing tennis is so great a calorie burner for getting in shape分析：根据上文中的“providing a
8、 total body workout(提供对全身的锻炼)”，和该空后一句“It also improves coordination(协调)，strength and cardio fitness.(它还能提高身体的协调性、力量和有氧健身。)”可知，此处在介绍打网球对保持体形的作用。空后的It代指E项的Playing tennis，故选E。2同义词/近义词英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。就其本质而言，前面讲的代词和下面将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。典例1Be of service.Look aro
9、und for how you can connect with and help others in your everyday life.Even a smile or a kind word can make a difference to someone else. 正确选项为：Theres no better feeling than knowing you truly helped someone.分析：本段主题句“Be of service.”和后面的“help others”与E项中的“helped someone”相对应，故E项正确。这里“help others”与“help
10、ed someone”就是对应的同义词组。典例2Ask for suggestions. The hotel concierge (管理人员)，your cab driver，or your waiter will probably be able to tell you which tourist traps arent worth your time.正确选项为：Make sure to ask someone local for tips for the top sights to see.分析：本段主旨句“Ask for suggestions.”与G项中的“ask someone l
11、ocal for tips”相对应，故G项正确。这里suggestions 和tips 就是对应的同义词。3上下义词/同一范畴词什么是上下义词和同一范畴词？fruit和apple之间就是上下义词，因为前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。apple和orange之间则是同一范畴的关系，二者都属于fruit。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系的词常常可以很轻松地解题。典例1A recent study by an American management institute shows that the processing of documents takes up 60% of offi
12、ce workers time,40% of labor costs and up to 10% of business income. 正确选项为：These figures are hardly surprising since documents convey ninetenths of all information.分析：上文中的三个百分数与E项中的“These figures”相对应，百分数属于数字的一种，是上下义词的关系。典例2Meanwhile，select，wash and prepare some vegetables. .Mushrooms of all kinds ar
13、e also common to Chinese hot pot preparations.正确选项为：Popular choices include：cabbage，pea leaves，winter melon and tomato分析：上文中的“vegetables”包括下文中的“mushrooms of all kinds”。G项中的“cabbage，pea leaves，winter melon and tomato”均被包含在“vegetables”中，起到承上的作用，又和下文中的“Mushrooms of all kinds”并列，故选G。(二)逻辑衔接逻辑衔接根据前后句之间的逻
14、辑关系又可以具体分为：因果/解释关系、例证关系、递进关系、转折或让步关系。1因果/解释关系前后句之间含有解释的逻辑关系，可以通过一些关联词来判断，如why，because，so，due to，thanks to，as a result，consequently，result in 等。典例Put foods in a refrigerator without delay.Public health officials advise consumers to refrigerate foods quickly. 正确选项为：Thats because cold temperatures stop
15、 most harmful bacteria growing.分析：根据本段的主题句“Put foods in a refrigerator without delay(将食物立即放进冰箱)”及“公共卫生官员建议消费者快速冷藏食物”的内容可知，空处应该是说明这样做的原因，故G项“那是因为低温可以阻止最有害的细菌生长”符合语境。2例证关系例证关系主要指前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象(例子、类比等)和抽象(观点)的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳(从例子到观点)和演绎(从观点到例子)。典例Second，prereading pro
16、vides you with a mental outline of the material you are going to read. 正确选项为：For example，while reading the headings of a chapter，you are forming a mental outline of the chapter.分析：根据该空上一句“预读可以让你在脑海中勾勒出即将阅读的材料”可知，该空要说明具体情况。G项中的“For example，while reading the headings of a chapter”就是对文章概括了解的过程。故选G。3递进关
17、系如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also(也，而且)，further(进一步地)，furthermore(而且，此外)，likewise(同样地，也，又)，similarly(相似地，类似地)，moreover(而且，再者，此外)，in addition(另外，加之)，whats more(更重要的是)，too(也，还)，either(也)，neither(两者都不)，not only.but also(不但而且)等。典例Behind every great product is a great team.Teamwork in
18、 the workplace offers the staff the opportunity to become more familiar with each other and learn how to work together. .There are several aspects in which teamwork is important to the success of the company and to the development of the employees.正确选项为：It is also the fuel that allows employers and
19、companies to enjoy success分析：前文中提到“团队合作对员工的益处”，后文中提到了“团队合作对公司和员工都有益处”。那么本空也应该是团队合作的好处，而且要衔接员工和公司。E项中的also就提示了这句话可以衔接上下文。故选E。4转折或让步关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：however(然而)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，nonetheless(然而)，though(尽管)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，by co
20、ntrast(相反，相比之下)，in comparison(比较起来，与相比)，by comparison(相比之下)，conversely(相反地)，otherwise(否则)等。典例For victims，surviving the snakebite requires the use of a treatment，known as antivenom (抗蛇毒血清) ，because the victim must first know which kind of snake produces this kind of venom(毒液)正确选项为：However，receiving t
21、he correct form of treatment can be difficult分析：前文句意为：人在被毒蛇咬伤后，需要一种被称为抗蛇毒血清的治疗方法。后文句意为：受害者必须先知道是哪种蛇产生了这种毒液。这说明虽然有治疗方法，但是并不容易治疗。所以应该选择含有转折含义的选项，故选D。(三)结构衔接结构衔接主要指理清文章结构和出题位置。1文章结构在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句。因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”是常见的写作方式。首段的末句对快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会
22、以提纲的形式进行呈现。文章的结尾往往是对整篇文章的归纳和总结。高考中常涉及的是说明文。所以常见的文章结构有“总分，总分总”结构。2出题位置(1)设空处在段首，常是主题句或承上启下句假如设空处出现在段首，通常为主题句。要认真阅读空后内容，根据段落一致性原则，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读空后第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。如果设空处所在的段落带有小标题，这时空格及其后面的句子就是对小标题的解读。设空处出现在段首，先考虑是否为主题句。若不是主题句，则考虑是承上启下句。承上启下句的解题方法与段尾句的承上启下句相同。(2)设空处出现在段尾，常是结论句或承上启下句段落总结收尾类设空处出现
23、在段尾，通常是所在段的结论和概括。解题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的关联词，如：therefore，as a result，thus，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等。承上启下逻辑类设空处在段尾可以起到承上启下的作用，即通过该空把本段与下一段有机地结合起来。这时，我们不光要看空格前面的句子，对于下一段的内容也要特别注意。(3)设空处在段中一般说来，文章的行文通常需要一定的衔接手段来实现，而该题型的衔接手段主要有以下两种渠道：一是词汇线索，二是行文逻辑。(具体方法解读见上文)。第一节段首设空题(2019全国)Is Fresh Air
24、Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air” 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. 37 If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it would be if youre away from the smog of citiesthen the a
25、ir is filled with lifegiving，energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈) 38 In these places
26、patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faste
27、r rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace. 40 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin DTo make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut still protect your skinput on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes s
28、unscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.AFresh air cleans our lungs.BSo what are you waiting for?CBeing in nature refreshes us.DAnother side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.EBut is fresh air really as good fo
29、r you as your mother always said?FJust as importantly，we tend to associate fresh air with health care.GAll across the country，recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气和阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”给病人治疗了。36答案E解析根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YE
30、S”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。再根据空前的“go out and get some fresh air”可知，E项中的“fresh air”与之呼应。故选E。37答案A解析根据前面的分析可知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用。根据常识和本段下文内容可知，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项(新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部)。38答案G解析根据下一句中提到的“these places”可推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故选G项(在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”)。these pl
31、aces指G项中的Healing Gardens。39答案C解析前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对病人康复的积极作用。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。故设空处起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的It也是指代这种情况。故应选C项(身处大自然可以使人精神焕发)。40答案D解析根据下文中提到的“While the suns rays.give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的是阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及“阳光”，故选D(获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光)。一、题型解读1主旨句：段落小标题或段落主题句。2
32、总结句：总结上文。3过渡句：正确选项与上一段尾句关系紧密。二、解题技巧1标题特点法：空格本身是文章标题或段落小标题，选取时注意标题特点(简短精悍，以祈使句为主)。2中心词法：阅读空后内容，确定中心词，利用同义词或其他相关词汇，推测主题句。3前瞻后顾找启示(1)利用上一段尾句和空后第一、二句确定相关信息词。在选项中查找与之相关的内容。例如：【真题感悟】中的第37题为承上启下的句子。根据上一段的分析可知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用。根据常识和本段下文内容可知，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项(新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部)。(2)设空处出现在段首，
33、通常为主题句，其后的句子就是对该空的解读。例如：【真题感悟】中的第40题为主题句。根据下文中提到的“While the suns rays.give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的是阳光的好处，D项涉及“阳光”与本段内容相符，可作为主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选D。A(2019山东省实验中学二模)It affects one in six people in England each week.Thats the rate of people who report experiencing a common mental health problem，suc
34、h as depression.Whether temporarily down or depressed，many rely on antidepressants(抗抑郁药) to lift their mood.But they have a costone exuser said that they felt they were in a “chemical fog” and were desperate to stop. 1 what 1alternatives are there when youre feeling truly blue? 2 10Sarah，who had bee
35、n taking antidepressants since the age of 17，is now off all medication and swimmingsomething that may be an effective treatment for depression.Apart from the exercise and companionship of swimmers，the cold water puts the body under stress.With repeated immersions(沉浸)，the body better adapts not just
36、to this physical stress，but mental stress，including the psychological problems of life that lead to low spirits.Susan Calman relies on kindness to 2brighten her mood.The 43yearold comedian and author encourages others to use kindness to improve the lives of those around them.11“It can be as simple a
37、s holding open a door for someone，or giving someone praise，or buying someone a packet of crisps while theyre feeling down，” she says. 3 4 Woebot is a chat robot designed to support people dealing with problems by teaching coping strategies.One user，Nick Impson，explained that Woebot 3relieves the pot
38、ential trust issues that can occur when talking to a stranger，even a qualified one.Feeling low happens to everyone. 5 you might want to try one of these methods and see if it works for you.We hope youll be feeling 8as right as rain again in no time.AWhen it does，BIf you are lucky，COr you could talk
39、about it.DIf medication is the last choice，EHow can we get rid of such mental problems?FIn fact，anything that uplifts can make us feel better.GWhat about coldwater swimming to fight depression?1答案D解析根据该空后面的内容可知，该空需要填部分句子而不是整句话，故应在A、B、D三项中选择。上文提到“服用抗抑郁药有一定的代价一位前用户说，他们觉得自己被化学迷雾笼罩，迫切想要停药。”下文提到了“当你真正感到沮
40、丧的时候，你还有什么选择呢？”，说明此空需要填一个条件句。D项“如果药物是最后的选择”可以承上启下，故选D。2答案G解析根据空格后的“is now off all medication and swimmingsomething that may be an effective treatment for depression(现在已经停止了药物并开始游泳这可能是一种治疗抑郁症的有效方法)”可以判断上一句与“游泳”有关。所有选项中只有G项中有“swimming(游泳)”，并且该项中的“fight depression”对应下文中的“an effective treatment for depr
41、ession”，为同义范畴。故选G。3答案F解析此空设在段末，是对整段的总结。该段落首句意为“苏珊卡曼通过做善事来改善心情”。所以kindness 对应F项中的“anything that uplifts(任何鼓舞人心的事)”；brighten her mood对应F项中的make us feel better。故选F。4答案C解析设空处在段首，为该段的主题句。由下文中的“Woebot is a chat robot”可知，本段提到“治疗抑郁的方法是聊天”。所以chat对应C项中的talk about。故选C。5答案A解析根据该空后的内容可知，需要填部分句子而不是整句话，故应在A、B、D三项中
42、选择。该空上一句提到“每个人都会感到情绪低落”，后文中提到“或许你可能想尝试以上的某种方法，看看是否对你起作用”，这说明设空处应该填写“当发生这种情况时”，故选A。选项A中的it代指上文中的“Feeling low”。B(2019广东茂名五校联盟)Everyone who has lived or worked overseas understands that travel is an enriching and lifechanging experience， 6 12 That frustration often stems from culture shock，but being ab
43、le to 4identify the symptoms can help you ease the discomfort and anxiety of living in a new place.There are four main stages of culture shock while studying abroad that occur at different times for each person.The Honeymoon Stage.This is when everything is new and fascinating about your 5host count
44、ry.Its at this stage that you may fall in love with Italian pizza or the Irish accent. 7 Youre fascinated by similarities and differences between the host country and your home.The Crisis(危机) Stage.This is when the differences between your home culture and the host country become 7apparent and feeli
45、ngs of frustration(沮丧) or anxiety occurs.You really want a jelly sandwich to remind you of home，but you realize your host country doesnt have it anywhere.They dont know your sense of humor. 8 9 At this stage，you become familiar with your surroundings and develop a 6routine.The same concerns will occ
46、ur，but you will be better 9equipped to handle them.You have more friends，increased social skills and youve even become an explorer of the culture.Youve regained your confidence，become more independent，competent and culturally sensitive.The Mastery Stage.Congratulations! Youve adjusted to the host cu
47、lture.Youve taken an inward and outward journey that has led to immeasurable personal growth.Youre now able to live and work to your maximum potential. 10 You can confidently speak and understand most colloquial(口语的) English.Youve developed meaningful friendships.Youve settled.You belong.AThe Depres
48、sion Stage.BThe Adjustment Stage.CNobody knows the real you.Dbut it can also be frustrating.Ebut it may be costly to live in a new culture.FYoure no longer distressed by cultural differences.GYoure thrilled by new sights，sounds，smells and events.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。每一个在海外生活或工作过的人都知道，旅行是一种丰富多彩、改变人生的经历，但也可能会
49、令人沮丧。文章介绍了出国留学带来的文化冲击的四个主要阶段。6答案D解析根据该空前面的内容可知，该空需要填的是部分句子，而不是整句话，故应在D、E两项中选择。根据下文的“That frustration often stems from culture shock(这种挫折感往往源于文化冲击)”可知，D项“but it can also be frustrating(但这也可能令人沮丧)”切题。该项中的frustrating和下文中的frustration属同根词。故选D。7答案G解析根据该空上一句可知“在这个阶段，你可能会爱上意大利比萨或爱尔兰口音”，G项“Youre thrilled by
50、new sights，sounds，smells and events(你对新的景象、声音、气味和事件感到兴奋)”切题。故选G。8答案C解析该空上一句提到“他们不懂你的幽默感”，C项“Nobody knows the real you(没有人知道真正的你)”切题。故选C。9答案B解析此空位于段首，为该段落小标题。该空下一句提到“在这个阶段，你会熟悉周围的环境，并形成一种惯例”，B项“The Adjustment Stage(调整阶段)”切题。且该项与前后段的首句相吻合。故选B。10答案F解析该空下一句提到“你可以自信地说并理解大多数英语口语”，F项“Youre no longer distre
51、ssed by cultural differences(你不再为文化差异而苦恼)”切题。故选F。.障碍词汇突破 阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1If we expect people to give up the habit of driving，we must give them an alternative they can rely on.供替代的选择，替代物2He brightened up and flashed a wide smile at their words of encouragement.变得开心3Those who suffer from headach
52、e will find that this medicine will relieve their pain.缓解4In Night Cities project，volunteers have to identify different cities from photos taken from space and match their position on the maps.辨认出，识别5Living with host families，in which there may be other college students，gives her the chance to learn
53、 more about the new culture.寄宿6For many of us，reading the news is part of our daily routine in the morning，whether we are having breakfast or on our way to school.常规，惯例 7The mental health changes were seen after just five minutes of different outdoor activities in a green environment.With longer per
54、iods of time，the positive effects were more apparent.明显的8All you want is rest，fresh air and good food，with which youll be as right as rain.一切正常，非常健康(二)一词多义9equip v配备，装备；使有能力(1)Equipped with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland to produce more.v.配备，装备(2)Your educati
55、on will equip you for your future life.v.使有能力.长难句理解10Sarah，who had been taking antidepressants since the age of 17，is now off all medication and swimmingsomething that may be an effective treatment for depression.句式分析本句为复合句，主句为Sarah is now off all medication and swimming；从句who had been taking antide
56、pressants since the age of 17为定语从句；句中的something作的是同位语swimming，解释说明that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词something。这是一个常见的阅读结构，用“同位语定语从句”，解释说明前面的名词或代词，往往对文章的理解有重大影响。精美译文 莎拉从17岁起就开始服用抗抑郁药物，现在她停止了所有的药物并开始游泳这可能是一种治疗抑郁症的有效方法。11It can be as simple as holding open a door for someone，or giving someone praise，or buying someone
57、a packet of crisps while theyre feeling down.句式分析本句是“asadj.as”同级比较，后面为三个并列的动名词短语。 特别注意如or，but，and等并列连词连接的平行结构。while引导的是时间状语从句。精美译文 这可以很简单，比如为某人开门，或者表扬某人，或者在某人情绪低落时给他买一包薯片。12That frustration often stems from culture shock，but being able to identify the symptoms can help you ease the discomfort and an
58、xiety of living in a new place.句式分析本句为but连接的并列句。“being able to identify the symptoms”是动名词短语作主语。注意：往往单个的动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词需要用单数形式。of living in a new place作定语，修饰名词discomfort and anxiety。精美译文 这种挫败感往往源于文化冲击，但是能够识别出这些症状可以帮助你缓解生活在新地方的不适和焦虑。强化练(二十一).七选五A(2019安徽宣城二模)“Helicopter parenting” describes a style of
59、raising children where parents are overprotective and do too much.It describes parents who watch over their kids at home and on the playground like a helicopter.Today，modern technology allows these helicopter parents to watch over from even far away. 1 Julie Lythcott wrote a book titled How to Raise
60、 an Adult：Break Free of the Overparenting Trap and Prepare Your Kids for Success.In her book，she gives readers a closer look at this parenting style. 2 Julie Lythcott says she experienced the effects of “Helicopter parenting” firsthand when she worked as dean of first year students. 3 But many were
61、unable to take care of themselves.They were turning to parents constantly for guidance，for problem solving，to have them make the choice about something.So what can parents do if they want to break the overparenting “helicopter” cycle？ 4 Stop saying “we” when you mean your son or your daughter.All to
62、o often a parent would say “we are on the travel soccer team”Well，no，your son is or your daughter is.Stop arguing with all of the adults in our kids lives.You need to teach your kids to advocate for themselves.Stop doing your kids homework. 5 Teach them to cross the street，make a meal，and remember t
63、o put their own items in their backpacks，which becomes a briefcase one day.When kids have all the skills to take care of themselves，they will be prepared for adulthood.AThey can give their children directions at any moment from anywhere.BYour kid is eager for more freedom，but should you give it to h
64、im?CFour ways are offered to stop watching over your children.DThe freshmen were very smart and accomplished on paper.EShe also explains why parents should stop it.FTake care of your kids in every detail.GBuild your kids skills.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当今社会的一种典型的教育方式“直升机养育法”，即父母过度保护孩子，并为孩子做得过多的教育方式。作者在文中提出了解
65、决这个问题的四个方法。1答案A解析根据第一段内容可知，“直升机养育法”描述的是一种父母对孩子过度保护并为孩子做得过多的教育方式。现代的技术让这些“直升机父母”在更远的距离也能监控他们的孩子。再结合下文可知，该空为承上启下句，A项“他们能在任何时间任何地点引领孩子”符合语境。故选A。2答案E解析上文提到“Julie Lythcott写了一本名叫如何养育成人：挣脱溺爱陷阱，为孩子的成功做好准备的书”，这本书让读者更深入地了解这种直升机式的教育模式。E项“她也解释了为什么父母要停止这种溺爱”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。3答案D解析根据该空上一句可知，当Julie作为一年级学生的主任时，她亲身体会到了
66、“直升机养育法”带来的影响。该空后一句提到“但是很多人却无法照顾自己”。由此可知，D项“这些新生非常聪明而且能按时完成作业”能够衔接上下文并与下文形成合理的转折关系。故选D项。4答案C解析由该空上一句提到的“如果父母想要打破过度养育孩子的直升机式循环，他们能做些什么呢？”以及下文中作者提出的四个解决“直升机养育法”问题的方法，可知选C。5答案G解析根据该空后的“Teach them to cross the street，make a meal，and remember to put their own items in their backpacks，which becomes a brie
67、fcase one day.”可知，要教会孩子过马路、做饭、记得把自己的东西放在背包里。G项“培养孩子的技能”符合语境。B(2019广东揭阳二模)Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely，by looking both ways for cars. 6 The city of Honolulu，Hawaii wants everyone to learn that lesson. 7 Beginning on October 24，you will be fined from $15 to $99 i
68、f you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone.Honolulu is the first major US.city to ban what is called “distracted walking”It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote.The law says，“No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device.” 8 The law
69、 includes all electronic devices with screens：cellphone，tablets，gaming devices，digital cameras and laptop computers. 9 Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers，such as firefighters and police officers.Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the u
70、se of cellphones rises.The Governors Highway Safety Association，or GHSA，says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased 25 percent between 2010 and 2015.That trend continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6,000,11% higher than in 2015. 10 The state of Washington
71、was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007.Now,46 other states as well as DC.，Puerto Rico，Guam and the US.Virgin Islands，have laws against texting while driving.If you still want to text while walking，you could avoid being fined in Honolulu by using a voicecontrolled digital assistant s
72、uch as Siri or Google Assistant.Or you could just wait until you are again，safely，off the street.AThe law does permit an exception.BOther US.cities may follow Honolulu.CBut do they also teach them to put away their cellphones?DTexting while crossing the street will soon be banned in the city.EDo you
73、 like Honolulus new law that bans texting while walking?FIn other words，do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.GThe laws creator hopes it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city.6答案C解析该空上一句提到“父母通常会通过看两边有没有车的方法，教会他们的孩子如何安全地过马路”，C项“但他们是否也教他们放
74、下手机呢？”符合文意，C项中的teach them to.呼应上一句中的teach their children how to.，故选C。7答案D解析该空后一句提到“从10月24日开始，如果你在街上看手机就会被罚款”，D项“过马路时发短信很快就会在城市里被禁止”符合文意，故选D。8答案F解析该空上一句提到“行人在看移动电子设备时，不得横过街道或公路”，F项“换句话说，过马路时不要看屏幕，否则你会被罚款”符合文意，故选F。9答案A解析该空后一句提到“行人可以在街道上使用这样的设备来呼叫急救服务和救援人员，比如消防员和警察”，由此可知这是有例外的，故A项符合文意。10答案B解析该空后两句提到“早在
75、2007年，华盛顿州就率先禁止分心驾驶。现在其他46个州以及哥伦比亚特区、波多黎各、关岛和美属维尔京群岛都有法律禁止开车时发短信”，设空处位于段首，B项“美国的其他城市可能会效仿檀香山”统领下文，是段落主题句。故选B。.完形填空(2019陕西咸阳三模)My father is a worker in authority over others who work in construction sites.When I was young，it was he who 11 me sympathy through modeling.It has always been a 12 for me as
76、 I grow up 13 other construction workers who work with him come to our house every Saturday because that is the time when he will 14 their salaries for the week.I know my father as someone who is a quiet man，just 15 everyone around himself.He is someone who is 16 when it comes to discipline but I ha
77、ve never been 17 when being raised by him.Maybe that is because I have seen his gentleness and 18 to us and to others.Since he is a worker in 19 ，I often see him talking to the construction workers whenever they have problems.He is more like a father than a 20 to them.One day，he returned home，tellin
78、g me that he would treat me to dinner because he had 21 his salary.Later that day，his friend，a fellow worker，came to our house just to talk to him and 22 advice as to where he could go to seek assistance for his 23 child.I saw how my father listened and 24 his friends back while his friend was 25 .W
79、hen his friend was about to go home，my father got his wallet and gave his salary to him， 26 only 2,000 pesos(比索) in his wallet.I was so 27 when he did that，but so 28 that my father was 29 to give almost all of his salary to help his friend with his child in hospital.It is a lesson I will always 30 .
80、语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了作者父亲在作者小时候对作者的言传身教，使得作者拥有同情心。11A.asked BgaveCtaught Ddesigned答案C解析句意为：在我小时候，是父亲通过以身示范教会了我拥有同情心。ask询问；give给予；teach教会；design设计，故选C。12A.routine BbalanceCtendency Dsign答案A解析根据下文中的“every Saturday”可知，这对“我”来说已经是一种惯例。routine惯例；balance平衡；tendency趋势；sign迹象，故选A。13A.hearing BseeingCthinking
81、Dsmelling答案B解析句意为：在我的成长过程中，每周六我都能看到和他一起工作的其他建筑工人来我家，这对我来说已经是一种惯例，因为这是他向他们支付一周工资的时间。hear听到；see看到；think思考；smell闻，故选B。14A.increase BacceptCspend Dpay答案D解析参考上题句意解析。increase增加；accept接受；spend花费；pay支付，故选D。15A.noticing BkiddingCobserving Ddescribing答案C解析根据上文中的“I know my father as someone who is a quiet man”
82、可知，“我”父亲只是观察他周围的每一个人。notice注意；kid开玩笑；observe观察；describe描述，故选C。16A.loose BstrictClovely Dhumorous答案B解析句意为：当提到纪律时，他是个很严格的人。loose宽松的；strict严格的；lovely可爱的；humorous幽默的，故选B。17A.threatened BlovedChated Denvied答案A解析根据下文中的“Maybe that is because I have seen his gentleness and to us and to others.”可知，“我”从未受到过威胁
83、。threaten威胁；love热爱；hate憎恨；envy嫉妒，故选A。 18A.sympathy BbraveryCdetermination Dcruelty答案A解析句意为：也许是因为我看到了他对我们和他人的亲切和同情。sympathy同情；bravery勇敢；determination决定；cruelty残酷，故选A。19A.order BrankCcharge Dturn答案C解析根据文章首句和本空后的“I often see him talking to the construction workers whenever they have problems”可知，作者的父亲是工
84、人主管。in order秩序井然；in rank成队列；in charge主管；in turn轮流，故选C。20A.doctor BsuperiorCcolleague Dengineer答案B解析句意为：与其说他是个主管，倒不如说他更像一位父亲。doctor医生；superior主管，长官；colleague同事；engineer工程师，故选B。21A.wasted BaskedCreached Dreceived答案D解析根据上文中的“he would treat me to dinner”可知，他收到了工资。waste浪费；ask询问；reach到达；receive收到，故选D。22A.
85、ask for Blook forChead for Dcare for答案A解析句意为：那天晚些时候，他的一位同事来到我们家，向他请求建议，问他可以去哪里为他生病的孩子寻求帮助。ask for 请求；look for寻找；head for前往；care for关心，故选A。23A.naughty BhealthyCsick Dhappy答案C解析根据最后一段中的“with his child in hospital”可知，他的孩子生病了。naughty淘气的；healthy健康的；sick生病的；happy快乐的，故选C。24A.pressed BbeatCpatted Dstruck答案C
86、解析句意为：当他的朋友在哭泣时，我看到我的父亲倾听着，拍着他朋友的背。press压，按；beat打败；pat轻拍；strick打击，故选C。25A.shouting BcryingCthinking Dlaughing答案B解析参考上题句意解析。shout喊叫；cry哭；think思考；laugh大笑，故选B。26A.saving BdonatingCgiving Dleaving答案D解析句意为：当他的朋友要回家时，我父亲拿出了他的钱包，把他的工资给了他，他的钱包里只留下了2 000比索。save节省；donate捐赠；give给予；leave留下，故选D。27A.shocked Bscar
87、edCfrightened Dfrustrated答案A解析句意为：当他那么做的时候，我感到很震惊，但我很自豪，我的父亲愿意拿出几乎所有的工资来帮助他朋友的住院的孩子。shocked震惊的；scared害怕的；frightened害怕的；frustrated沮丧的，故选A。28A.sad BangryCbitter Dproud答案D解析参考上题句意解析。sad悲伤的；angry生气的；bitter痛苦的；proud自豪的，故选D。29A.mean BunhappyCsurprised Dwilling答案D解析句意为：我的父亲愿意拿出几乎所有的工资来帮助他朋友的住院的孩子。mean吝啬的；u
88、nhappy不快乐的；surprised感到惊讶的；willing自愿的，故选D。30A.forget BtreasureCneglect Dreject答案B解析句意为：这是我将永远珍视的一课。forget忘记；treasure珍惜；neglect忽视；reject拒绝，故选B。.语法填空Beijings 31. (forbid) City was lit up with lanterns after dark Tuesday as China celebrated the end of the Lunar New Year holiday.The palace complex，home t
89、o Chinese emperors for five centuries,32. (traditional) closes by 5 pm.Only some distinguished guests have been showed 33. after dark on special occasions.It was opened at night for the first time since its rebirth as the Palace Museum 94 years ago.The palace walls were brightened with red Chinese l
90、anternsdesigned to recreate the 34. (feel) of the royal court of oldand 35. light show lit up the complex while the China National Traditional Orchestra and the Peking Opera performed.An image of a treasured picture called “A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains” 36. (show) onto the palace roof using
91、 different lights.People rushed to get free 37. (ticket) online，for the rare nighttime opening，38. were sold out within minutes.“Creativity makes the 600yearold palace younger and draws traditional culture 39. (close) to the public，” said the Peoples Daily.The Palace Museum is now on a campaign 40.
92、(attract) even more visitors in the future.31答案Forbidden解析考查专有名词及动词的不规则变化。Forbidden City是专有名词，表示“故宫”，故填Forbidden。32答案traditionally解析考查副词。修饰动词closes用副词，故填traditionally。33答案in解析考查固定短语。show in表示“把领进”，故填in。34答案feeling解析考查名词。设空处作动词recreate的宾语，应用名词，故填feeling。35答案a解析考查冠词。show表示“表演”时是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。36答
93、案was shown 解析考查时态和语态。本段的主体时态为一般过去时，故此处应用一般过去时；A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains与show之间存在动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填was shown。37答案tickets解析考查名词复数。ticket是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填tickets。38答案which解析考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为tickets，指物，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。39答案closer解析考查形容词比较级。根据“younger”判断此处应用比较级，故填closer。40答案to attract 解析考查不定式。此处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to attract。