1、景德镇一中20202021学年第一学期期中考试卷高一（1）、（2）班英语第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AA short while ago, I lost access to my WeChat account. I am not sure why it wouldnt let me log in; perhaps it was my ancient, out-of-date phone. But I wasnt too upset because it offered me an opportunity to ta
2、ke a break from social media something more and more people are doing.In the United States, Twitter is losing millions of users each month and Facebook has seen a 44 percent decline among its younger users. Some of these users may have deserted Twitter and Facebook for other social media platforms,
3、while many others have quit because they felt that social media was having a negative effect on their happiness and overall quality of life.Stars such as Taylor Swift and Ed Sheeren have taken a break from social media because they were tired of many Internet trolls (网络喷子) leaving negative comments.
4、 Ordinary people (like me) are turning away from it because of the feeling that they were spending more time online and enjoying it less.It is not unusual for people to spend two or three hours a day posing or reading posts to the point where it becomes an addiction. And it is an addiction. There is
5、 a chemical in your brain known as dopamine (多巴胺) which is sometimes called the “reward molecule” and its release gives you a feeling of pleasure. For instance, when you post a photo on WeChat and get a hundred likes, you feel happy. Thats dopamine at work.In my case, being off WeChat left me with a
6、 feeling of anxiety for a few days. No doubt I missed my dopamine. And I got e-mails from friends wondering if I was fine or if I was just being anti-social. But I soon began to feel quite peaceful and started to worry less about what other people were doing and concentrate more on my personal life.
7、 And it is an added bonus that Im getting better sleep at night.Im not advocating that all of you quit social media, but spending less time on these platforms does bring you advantages. You could start by leaving your phone at home when you go to school (For some, thats already a school rule). And i
8、t is also a good idea to charge your phone outside of your bedroom at night, as you are unlikely to get a good nights sleep when the notification (通知) bell keeps ringing.Someday I may reconnect with my WeChat account, but Im not in a hurry. Life can be more relaxing and just as interesting without i
9、t.1. The authors disconnection with WeChat is mentioned at the beginning to _.A. introduce the disadvantages of social mediaB. explain why he lost access to his WeChat accountC. illustrate the function of dopamineD. prove how WeChat makes life easier2. The fourth paragraph mainly talks about _.A. ho
10、w dopamine works when you are posting or reading posts.B. the reason behind peoples addiction to social media.C. why WeChat is so popular among ordinary people.D. what you can do if you want to get many likes on WeChat.3. What is the authors attitude towards social media?A. To turn away from them as
11、 soon as possible.B. To choose a social media platform that suits you.C. To keep away from them temporarily is a wise choice.D. To quit them will make your life more relaxing and interesting.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于某些原因，作者暂时无法登陆微信，远离了社交媒体，但这反而让作者感到更轻松快乐。作者在文章告诉人们“暂时远离社交媒体是明智的选择”并就其原因
12、进行了分析。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Some of these users may have deserted Twitter and Facebook for other social media platforms, while many others have quit because they felt that social media was having a negative effect on their happiness and overall quality of life.(其中一些用户可能已经抛弃了推特和脸书，转而使用其他社交媒体平台，而另一些人退出社交媒
13、体是因为他们觉得社交媒体对他们的幸福感和整体生活质量产生了负面影响)”；第三段“Stars such as Taylor Swift and Ed Sheeren have taken a break from social media because they were tired of many Internet trolls (网络喷子) leaving negative comments. Ordinary people (like me) are turning away from it because of the feeling that they were spending m
14、ore time online and enjoying it less.(泰勒斯威夫特和艾德希林等明星已经暂时退出社交媒体，因为他们厌倦了许多网络上网络喷子的负面评论。普通人（像我一样）正在远离它，因为他们觉得他们花了更多的时间在网上，而从中得到的乐趣更少了)”以及第四段“It is not unusual for people to spend two or three hours a day posing or reading posts, to the point where it becomes an addiction.(人们每天花两个小时到三个小时来发帖子或阅读帖子是很平常的事了
15、，甚至到了上瘾的地步)”可知下文主要讲述了社交媒体的缺点，带来的不好影响。由此可推知，作者在开头提到了自己与微信脱节，是为了介绍社交媒体的缺点。故选A项。【2题详解】段落大意题。根据第四段“It is not unusual for people to spend two or three hours a day posing or reading posts, to the point where it becomes an addiction.There is a chemical in your brain known as dopamine (多巴胺) which is sometim
16、es called the “reward molecule” and its release gives you a feeling of pleasure. For instance, when you post a photo on WeChat and get a hundred likes, you feel happy. Thats dopamine at work.(人们每天花两个小时到三个小时来发帖子或阅读帖子是很平常的事了，甚至到了上瘾的地步。你的大脑中有一种叫做多巴胺的化学物质，有时被称为“奖励分子”，它的释放会给你一种愉悦的感觉。例如，当你在微信上发了一张照片，得到了10
17、0个赞，你会感到很开心。这是多巴胺在起作用)”可知，第四段对人们沉迷于社交媒体的原因进行了分析。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Im not advocating that all of you quit social media, but spending less time on these platforms does bring you advantages. (我并不是提倡大家都放弃社交媒体，但是少花点时间在这些平台上确实会给你带来好处)”以及最后一段“Someday I may reconnect with my WeChat account, but I m n
18、ot in a hurry. Life can be more relaxing and just as interesting without it.(有一天我可能会重新连接我的微信账户，但我不着急。没有它，生活也会更轻松，也一样有趣)”可知，作者建议少花点时间在社交媒体上，所以作者对社交媒体的态度是“暂时远离它们（社交媒体）是明智的选择”。故选C项。BDuring the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is bec
19、oming more open. And this open science is already making a difference.Soon after the epidemic started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced （测定序列）the DNA of the virus. But they didnt keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences o
20、n GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.Due to this openness, pharmaceutical （制药的）companies across the globe are now able to work simultaneously （同时地）to develop a vaccine. “There may be room for multiple diffe
21、rent vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,”, Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazeera. The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more resilient （有适应力的）well be against coronavirus outbreaks in the future.”M
22、ajor drug companies around the world are also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, is found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavirus. Currently, two trials of the drug are already underway in China, and th
23、e results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.This openness in science is going to be even more critical in the future. “With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent, Dan Barouch, a Harva
24、rd Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.He said, No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated （合作的）approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics （疗法）very rapidly.”Every epidemic is indeed a cr
25、isis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming （补偿的）factor of the COVID-19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.4. What does the article mainly talk about?A. Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic.B. Something positive weve learned from the epidemic.C. The s
26、ignificance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.D. What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.5. What is the positive effect of the research team from Fudan University placing the genetic sequence of the virus onto GenBank?A. They alerted the world to the danger of the virus.B. Th
27、ey helped remove peoples fear of the virus.C. They showed the world how to produce a vaccine.D. They invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine.6. What does the underlined word critical in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. expressing disapproval.B. extremely important.C. serious, uncertain
28、 and possibly dangerous.D. making fair, careful judgments.7. Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?A. Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to scientific development.B. The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.C. No single group can fight against the ep
29、idemics independently.D. The increase in globalization may worsen future epidemics.【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道，在新冠病毒爆发期间，城市被封现，边境被关团。然而，科学变得越来越开放。而这种”开放科学”已经在发挥作用。我国与全世界分享新冠病毒的科学数据，极大助力了全球科研人员对病毒的研究，产生了深远的影响。【详解】1.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this ope
30、n science is already making a difference.(相反，科学正变得更加开放。 这种“开放的科学”已经产生了影响。)”；第三段的“Due to this openness, pharmaceutical （制药的）companies across the globe are now able to work simultaneously （同时地）to develop a vaccine. (由于这种开放，全球各地的制药公司现在能够同时开发疫苗。)”；第四段的第一句Major drug companies around the world are also sh
31、aring their study results. (世界各地的主要制药公司也在分享他们的研究结果。)；第五段的首句“This openness in science is going to be even more critical in the future.(这种科学上的开放在未来将更加关键。)”以及文章其它内容可推断，这篇文章主要讲述科学知识开放和共享的意义。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Due to this openness, pharmaceutical （制药的）companies across the globe are now able to work sim
32、ultaneously （同时地）to develop a vaccine. ”（由于这种开放性，全球的制药公司现在能够同时开发疫苗）可知，复旦大学研究小组将病毒基因序列放到GenBank的积极作用是他们邀请全世界共同努力开发疫苗。故选D。3.词义猜测题。根据第五段第二句“With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent”（随着气候变化、日益全球化和人口变化，流行病不会消失，甚至
33、可能变得更加频繁）可知，因为疫情可能会更频繁，所以这种开放性在将来会更加重要。所以critical意为“重要的”，故选B。4.细节理解题。根据第六段Dan Barouch说的“No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated （合作的）approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics （疗法）very rapidly.（没
34、有一个团体能做所有的事情。 它必须是一种合作的方法。 但我确实认为，这一次世界有更强的准备意识快速地发展知识，药物和治疗方法。）”可推断，Dan Barouch会同意没有一个群体能够独立地对抗流行病。故选C。CLight and bright, cheap and cheerful: IKEAs 400-plus outlets （专营店）in 49 countries all run on the same central principle. Customers do as much of the work as possible, in the belief they are havin
35、g fun and saving money. You drive to a distant warehouse built on cheap out-of-town land. Inside, you enter a maze （迷宫）-no shortcuts allowedwhere every twist reveals new furniture.Compared with the prices of other outlets, IKEAs are much lower. You load up your trolley （手 推车）with impulse buysa clock
36、, storage boxes, tools and more chairs than you will ever use. You drag cardboard boxes, cupboards and tables into your car and reward yourself for your economy and good taste. Then you drive home and put your prizes together. You are satisfied with the bargains. IKEA is satisfied with your money.Th
37、e companys name was a do-it-yourself job, too. IKEA stands for Ingvar Kamprad, from Elmtarydhis familys farmin Agunnaryd. That village is in the Smaland region of southern Sweden. Mr Kamprad founded IKEA aged 17. Well before that, he spotted a principle which would make him one of the richest men in
38、 the world that customers like buying goods at wholesale prices （批发价）.First he bought matches in large quantities and sold them by the box. Aged ten, he sold pens in the similar way.Setbacks inspired him. Facing a price war against his low-cost mail-order furniture business, he defeated competitors
39、by opening a showroom. Dealers tried to crush Mr Kamprad and banned him from their trade fairs. He slipped in, hiding in a friends car. When they tried to threaten his suppliers, he relied on his own workers, and secretly sold his production to communist Poland. Decades later, east Europeans freed f
40、rom the planned economy drove hundreds of miles to newly opened outlets in Moscow and Warsaw.His self-discipline was world-famous. As a child, he removed the off button from his alarm clock to stop himself oversleeping. He rarely took a first-class seat. The wine didnt get you there any earlier, he
41、sniffed; having lots of money was no reason to waste it. He bought his clothes in second-hand markets, and for years drove an elderly Volvo until he had to sell it on safety grounds. He had his hair cut in poor countries to save money. Visitors admired the views, but were surprised that his house wa
42、s so shabby. He worked well into his eighties.His diligence and simple way of life set a good example to his 194,000 co-workers. But he was not mean. The point of cutting costs was to make goods affordable, not to compromise quality. He urged his staff to reflect constantly on ways of saving money,
43、time and space. An improved design that allows easier piling means shipping less airand more profit.Culture was more important than strategy. He disliked exaggerated （夸张的）planning, along with financial markets and banks. Better to make mistakes and learn from them. And use time wisely: You can do so
44、 much in ten minutes. But ten minutes once gone are gone for good. This did not apply to customers. The longer they stayed, the better.Mr Kamprads impact on modern life can be compared with that of Henry Ford and the mass-produced motor car. Furniture used to be expensive, dark and heavy. For many p
45、eople, decorating a home could cost many months salary. IKEA made furniture not just affordable and functional, but fun. The mission was civilizational, he felt, changing how people lived and thought.His approach drew some fire. The company values struck some as unpleasant. At IKEAs Corporate Cultur
46、e Centre, lots of pictures of Mr Kamprad with his mottos can be seen everywhere. Whats worse, some parts of the supply chain seemed to have serious problems to overcome.8. What can we learn about IKEA in Paragraph 1?A. IKEA prefers rural areas for its location.B. IKEA has 400 outlets throughout the
47、world.C. IKEA likes to store new furniture in a maze.D. IKEA provides a lot of work for its customers.9. The underlined two sentences in Paragraph 2 imply that .A. IKEA tricks you into spending more moneyB. you may buy bargains with impulse in IKEAC. both you and IKEA are pleased with the dealD. bot
48、h you and IKEA are happy with the bargain10. What can be inferred from paragraph 5 and 6 about Mr. Kamprad?A. He never overslept due to his alarm clock being set.B. He was against drinking but for sniffing at the wine.C. He sold the old Volvo with the purpose of saving money.D. He didnt give up the
49、quality of furniture for more profit.11. Which of the following has nothing to do with Mr. Kamprads success in business?A. The pictures and mottos of Mr. Kamprad.B. The setbacks Mr. Kamprad experienced.C. Mr. Kamprads principles of management.D. Mr. Kamprads self-discipline and diligence.【答案】8. A 9.
50、 C 10. D 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章对宜家的创始人坎普拉德、宜家的企业文化和产品特点进行了详细介绍。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段倒第二句“You drive to a distant warehouse built on cheap out-of-town land. ”（你开车去一个建在市郊廉价土地上的仓库。）可知，宜家更喜欢在乡村设点。故选A。2.推理判断题。“You drag cardboard boxes, cupboards and tables into your car and reward yourself for your economy a
51、nd good taste. ”（你把纸板箱、橱柜和桌子拖进你的车里，为你的经济和良好的品味奖励自己。）以及划线句“You are satisfied with the bargains. IKEA is satisfied with your money.”（你对这些便宜货很满意。宜家对你的钱很满意。）所以，是你和宜家都对这次交易很开心。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据第六段第三句“The point of cutting costs was to make goods affordable, not to compromise quality. ”（削减成本的目的是让人们买得起商品，而不是降低
52、质量。）可知，Mr. Kamprad并没有为了利润而放弃家具的质量。故选D。4.细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“The company values struck some as unpleasant. ”（该公司的价值观让一些人感到不快。）和最后一句“Whats worse, some parts of the supply chain seemed to have serious problems to overcome.”（更糟糕的是，供应链的某些部分似乎有严重的问题需要克服。）可知，这一段是讲宜家的问题所在，所以第三句“At IKEAs Corporate Culture Centre
53、, lots of pictures of Mr Kamprad with his mottos can be seen everywhere. ”（在宜家的企业文化中心，到处都可以看到Mr Kamprad的照片和他的座右铭。）这些讲的是宜家企业文化中让人不舒服的地方，与Mr Kamprad在商业上的成功无关。故选A。DMany people have their breakfast with a glass of milk. Right now, cows, buffalos, goats and sheep provide most of the worlds milk. But soon
54、, people could get milk from roaches (蟑螂).That isnt as crazy as it might sound. New research shows this “milk” is super-nutritious. Whats more, some scientists have already found milk from a lot of insects.In 2004, Subra Rama started studying milk crystals found inside the roach. At the time, he was
55、 teaching biochemistry at the University of Iowa City.To learn more about the milk crystal from roaches, the scientists used X-rays to look at the atoms in it. The data revealed the chemical secret of the roach crystal. They showed that roach milk is a “complete food”. It contains sugar with a fatty
56、 acid stuck to it. Fatty acids are the building blocks of fats. The protein in the milk is also full of essential amino (氨基的) acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Since our bodies cant produce the “essential” ones, we need to get them from our food. And so do baby roaches.Barbara Stay,
57、a biologist at Iowa University, also worked on the new study. She says the new data show that the roach milk is “three times more nutritious than cows milk and four times more nutritious than buffalos milk”.Rama would like to see roach milk turned into a protein supplement to feed hungry people. But
58、 not everyone is confident that it can be done.Marcel Dicke studies insects as a potential source of human food at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. Dicke says this is a “sound study”. However in his opinion, “Extracting (提取) milk from roaches can only likely be done in a destructive way wit
59、h only small quantities”. That means youd have to raise and kill many bugs to get very little milk.12. What is the opinion of the scientists about milk in Paragraph 2?A. Many insects are sources of milk.B. Milk is an important part of breakfast.C. Milk from insects is the most nutritious.D. Milk fro
60、m insects is well accepted now.13. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “sound”?A. Useless.B. Disappointing.C. Good.D. Expensive.14. According to Marcel Dicke extracting insect milk on a large scale is _.A. simpleB. challengingC. safeD. necessary15. What should be the
61、best title for the text?A. Roach milk is in our plateB. Roach milk could be produced industriallyC. A probable new super food Roach milkD. Roach milk will be widely used soon【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种营养成分高，但提取有挑战性的奶蟑螂奶。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whats more, some scientists have alread
62、y found milk from a lot of insects.(更重要的是，一些科学家已经发现了许多昆虫的奶)”可知，科学家们认为很多昆虫可以作为奶的来源。故选A项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Rama would like to see roach milk turned into a protein supplement to feed hungry people. But not everyone is confident that it can be done.(罗摩希望看到蟑螂奶变成一种蛋白质补充剂，以满足饥饿的人们的需要。但并不是每个人都有信心做到这一点)”可
63、知，提取蟑螂奶难度较大，结合划线词所在句以及前一句“Marcel Dicke studies insects as a potential source of human food at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. Dicke says this is a “sound study”.(马塞尔迪克在荷兰瓦赫宁根大学研究昆虫作为人类食物的潜在来源。迪克说，这是一项“sound study”)”以及后一句“However, in his opinion, “Extracting (提取) milk from roaches can only
64、likely be done in a destructive way with only small quantities”.(然而，在他看来，“从蟑螂身上提取奶只能以一种破坏性的方式进行，而且量很小”)”可知，虽然提取蟑螂奶具有较大的挑战性，但还是可行的，所以这是一项“好的研究”。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“That means youd have to raise and kill many bugs to get very little milk.(这意味着你必须饲养并杀死很多虫子才能获得很少的奶)”可知，如果想大规模提取虫的乳汁是非常有挑战性的，故选B项。【15
65、题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段“But soon, people could get milk from roaches(蟑螂).(但很快，人们就可以从蟑螂那里得到牛奶了)”以及第二段“Whats more, some scientists have already found milk from a lot of insects.(更重要的是，一些科学家已经发现了许多昆虫的奶)”，结合第五段“She says the new data show that the roach milk is “three times more nutritious than cows milk and fou
66、r times more nutritious than buffalos milk”.(她说，新的数据显示，蟑螂奶“比牛奶营养三倍，比水牛奶营养四倍”)”可知，本文主要介绍了一种营养成分高的昆虫奶蟑螂奶。由此可知，A probable new super food Roach milk(一种可能的新型超级食物蟑螂奶)适合做本文最佳标题。故选C项。第二节 七选五阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Without Her NameIt is a truth universally acknowledged t
67、hat Pride and Prejudice by English novelist Jane Austen is one of the most popular tales ever written. But behind the global admiration she enjoys today lies a sad fact._16_In Pride and Prejudice, she was simply the author of Sense and Sensibility, which had carried the title “By a Lady.” The anonym
68、ity(匿名) worked so well that even friends of the Austen family had no idea that dear, sweet Jane was a novelist. A friend of Jane s brother Henry actually told him that Pride and Prejudice was “much too clever to be the work of a woman.”_17_Tom Paine, a Founding Father of the United States, kept his
69、identity hidden for a short time after the publication of his famous Common Sense.For a woman, however, there was the added burden of societal expectations. Any sort of publishing or public display of talent was considered improper behavior for a woman.It wasnt only fear about “bad manners” that dis
70、couraged women from writing under their own names._18_ Charlotte Bronte, author of Jane Eyre, once sent her poetry to Robert Southey, a famous poet. Southey simply responded: “Literature cannot be the business of a womans life.” Bronte used her pen name, Currer Bell, to publish Jane Eyre in 1847.Her
71、 sister Emily published WutheringHeights as Ellies Bell in the same year._19_Mary Shelley s Frankenstein(科学人) had come out without her name in 1818.Mary Anne Evans wrote Middlemarch and her other novels under the pen name George Eliot.The 20th century saw great progress towards gender equality. In t
72、heory, it should be unnecessary for women writers to follow Austen s path any longer, unless driven by personal reasons._20_ Joanne Rowling, author of the Harry Potter novels, was advised to become J. K. Rowling. Thats because boys might dislike the feeling of picking up a book by a woman. Connie An
73、n Kirk explained in her biography of Rowling.A. Jane Austen has attracted a great deal of critical attention in recent years.B. Women s writing was seldom taken seriously.C. Politicians, for reasons of safety, also frequently chose to be invisible.D. In practice, however, certain prejudices just won
74、t go away.E. in a 2016 interview, Italian novelist Elena Ferrante claimed her use of a pen name let her concentrate on writing.F. in her own time, Austen s name never appeared on her books.G. They joined a long list of women authors who felt they had to hide.【答案】16. F 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. D【解析】这是一篇
75、说明文。文章主要以Austen为例，说明了虽然Austen今天享有的全球赞赏的背后，存在着一个可悲的事实在她那个时代，Austen的名字从未出现在她的书中。由此说明了历史中女性作家因为不受重视和社会偏见在文学创作中不得不使用笔名的社会现象，这种偏见即使在20世纪也仍在现实中存在。【16题详解】根据上文But behind the global admiration she enjoys today lies a sad fact.可知但在她今天享有的全球赞赏的背后，存在着一个可悲的事实。由此可知，本句承接上文说明这个关于Austen可悲的事实是什么。故F选项“在她那个时代，Austen的名字从
76、未出现在她的书中”符合上下文语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据后文Tom Paine, a Founding Father of the United States, kept his identity hidden for a short time after the publication of his famous Common Sense.可知美国开国元勋Tom Paine在他著名的常识出版后，短暂地隐瞒了自己的身份。由此可知，本段是在说明政客们隐藏身份的事情。故C选项“出于安全考虑，政客们也经常选择隐藏身份”符合上下文语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据后文Charlotte Bronte
77、, author of Jane Eyre, once sent her poetry to Robert Southey, a famous poet. Southey simply responded: “Literature cannot be the business of a womans life.”可知简爱的作者Charlotte Bronte曾将她的诗歌寄给著名诗人Robert Southey。Southey只是简单地回答说:“文学不能成为女人的生活。”由此可知，当时女性作家并不受人重视。故B选项“女性的写作很少受到重视”符合上下文语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文Mary
78、Shelleys Frankenstein had come out without her name in 1818.Mary Anne Evans wrote Middlemarch and her other novels under the pen name George Eliot.可知Mary Shelley的弗兰肯斯坦在1818年问世时没有署名。Mary Anne Evans以George Eliot的笔名创作了米德尔马契和其他小说。由此可知，此处是在说明Charlotte Bronte和许多其他女性作家一样选择隐藏自己身份，用笔名来署名自己的小说。故G选项“她们加入了一长串觉得
79、自己必须隐藏的女性作家的行列”符合上下文语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据后文Joanne Rowling, author of the Harry Potter novels, was advised to become J.K.Rowling. Thats because boys might dislike the feeling of picking up a book by a woman.可知哈利波特系列小说的作者Joanne Rowling曾被建议成为J. K. Rowling。这是因为男孩可能不喜欢拿起女人写的书的感觉。由此可知，即使20世纪，性别平等取得了巨大进步，但是某些偏见
80、在现实中还是存在的。故D选项“然而，实际上，某些偏见是无法消除的”符合上下文语境，故选D。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Early in my career I was always shocked by the fact that “expensive” hotels charged extra money for things like Internet access and movies. At the same time, many_21_ hotels included everything. Although thes
81、e less expensive hotels did not have _22_ lobbies(大堂), they did offer the things that a young and tired_23_ would want: a clean room and a quiet environment.For the high prices you pay at nice hotels, everything should be_24_. They should give refunds(退款)for the things you dont _25_instead of tricki
82、ng their customers.I once read an article about a government officer who was invited to a very expensive restaurant in Washington. The restaurants food and service were both_26_. But there was something that ruined his _27_: the officer was charged 1 for the ice in his 7 mixed drink. The fact that h
83、e was charged the extra dollar _28_ -instead of just being charged 8-made him so _29_ that instead of talking about how wonderful everything was at the restaurant, he _30_ talked about the 1. _31_, he never went back to that restaurant again.I see the_32_ thing is starting to happen in the airline i
84、ndustry. For example, American Airlines is charging 3. 50 for snacks and 7 for meals. Unbelievably, sodas and water are still _33_. The airline should just charge a _34_price and give you a refund for what you dont want or use. This will put more power in the hands of a_35_-the airline might be surp
85、rised to find that people are willing to_36_extra services. Just imagine what could happen if you just trust your customers to make their own _37_?So remember, dont _38_ your customers. Instead, charge what you think your service or product is worth and take it from there. This way, you can remove _
86、39_services in exchange for lower prices. It becomes a win-win for you and your customers by sharing buying decisions and therefore giving your customers more_40_.21. A. brilliantB. affordableC. comfortableD. international22. A. well-developedB. well-organizedC. well-decoratedD. well-known23. A. bus
87、inessmanB. explorerC. studentD. traveler24. A. chargedB. acceptedC. includedD. improved25. A. useB. buyC. eatD. like26. A. tastyB. ordinaryC. disappointingD. excellent27. A. activityB. excitementC. adventureD. experience28. A. completelyB. exactlyC. separatelyD. totally29. A. annoyedB. satisfiedC. a
88、shamedD. stressed30. A. stillB. indeedC. hardlyD. only31. A. After allB. As a resultC. So farD. To be honest32. A. sameB. differentC. funnyD. strange33. A. freshB. averageC. freeD. available34. A. higherB. lowerC. betterD. cheaper35. A. employerB. customerC. visitorD. manager36. A. ask forB. prepare
89、 forC. apply forD. pay for37. A. plansB. mindsC. choicesD. changes38. A. embarrassB. cheatC. loseD. puzzles39. A. terribleB. basicC. unnecessaryD. public40. A. freedomB. supportC. warmthD. discount【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37.
90、 C 38. B 39. C 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要探讨了高档的餐馆和航空服务的收费问题，作者通过分享购买决策，从而想为商家和顾客提供更多的自由，让收费更加合理。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，更多实惠的酒店包括一切。A. brilliant聪明的，有才华的；B. affordable可担负的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. international国际的。根据“Although these less expensive hotels did not have 2 lobbies(大堂), they did offer the thin
91、gs that a young and tired3 would want: a clean room and a quiet environment.”可知这里指的是人们可负担得起的酒店。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这些更便宜的酒店没有豪华的大堂，但它们确实为一个年轻而又疲惫的旅行者提供了所想要的一切。A. well-developed 发展良好的；B. well-organized组织良好的；C. well-decorated装修良好的；D. well-known著名的。便宜的旅馆没有装修很好的大堂。故选C项。23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这些更便宜的酒
92、店没有豪华的大堂，但它们确实为一个年轻而又疲惫的旅行者提供了所想要的一切。A. businessman商人；B. explorer探索者；C. student学生；D. traveler旅游者。便宜的旅馆给年轻人和疲倦的旅行者提供安静的房间。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于你在高档酒店支付的高价格，一切都应该包括在内。A. charged要钱；B. accepted接受；C. included包括；D. improved提高。根据前文“For the high prices you pay at nice hotels”（在高档酒店的高价里）可见这里的一切东西都应该包括在内
93、。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们应该为你不使用的东西退款，而不是欺骗他们的客户。A. use使用；B. buy买；C. eat 吃；D. like喜欢。提供的东西中，没有使用的，他们应该退款，而不是欺骗他们的顾客。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家餐厅的食物和服务都很好。A. tasty美味的；B. ordinary 普通的；C. disappointing失望的；D. excellent好的。根据下文 “made him so 9 that instead of talking about how wonderful everything was a
94、t the restaurant, ” 可知其实这家餐厅的服务和食物都非常的好。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是有一件事破坏了这次经历：法官在他7美元的饮料里加冰被收费1美元。A. activity活动；B. excitement兴奋；C. adventure冒险；D. experience 经历，经验。根据后文的内容：这名警官的7杯混合饮料中的冰块被收取了1美元的费用。根据“the officer was charged 1 for the ice in his 7 mixed drink. ”可知这是一次不愉快的经历。故选D项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实
95、上，他被单独收取额外的1美元，而不是仅仅收取8美元，这让他非常生气。A. completely完全地；B. exactly确切地；C. separately 分开地；D. totally完全地。额外的1 美元，应该是分开收取的。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他被单独收取额外的1美元，而不是仅仅收取8美元，这让他非常生气。A. annoyed恼人的，生气的；B. satisfied满意的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. stressed有压力的。根据后文句子“he never went back to that restaurant again”, 他再也没有回到那
96、家餐馆，可见他非常的生气恼火。故选A项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他只谈论了收取的1美元，因此他再也没回过那家餐馆。A. still仍然；B. indeed真正地；C. hardly几乎不；D. only仅仅。可见他对于收取的这一元钱非常计较，所以仅仅谈论关于那一美元的事情。故选D项。【31题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：他只谈论了收取的1美元，因此他再也没回过那家餐馆。A. After all毕竟；B. As a result 因此；C. So far 到目前为止；D. To be honest说实话。他被单独收取额外的1美元而不是仅仅收取8美元的费用，这一事实使他非常恼火，因此他再
97、也没有回到那家餐馆。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到航空业也开始发生同样的事情。A. same相同的；B. different不同的；C. funny滑稽的；D. strange奇怪的，陌生的。根据后文举例可以看出关于就餐收费的问题，航空业与前面提到的餐馆做法相同。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，碳酸饮料和水仍然是免费的。A. fresh 新鲜的；B. average平均的；C. free免费的，自由的；D. available可用的。美国航空公司对零食收取3. 5美元，对餐费收取7美元。令人难以置信的是，苏打水和水仍然是免费的。故选
98、C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：航空公司应该收取更高的票价，然后为你不想要或不使用的东西退款。A. higher更高的；B. lower更低的；C. better更好的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“and give you a refund for what you dont want or use.”可知航空公司应该收取更高的价格，对你不想要的东西给予退款。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将使更多的权利掌握在顾客手中航空公司可能会惊讶地发现，人们愿意支付额外的费用。A. employer 雇佣者；B. customer顾客；C. visitor参观者；
99、D. manager经理。根据“the airline might be surprised to find that people are willing to16extra services. ”可知航空公司应该收取更高的价格，对你不想要的东西给予退款，这将把更多的权力交给客户。故选B项。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这将使更多的权利掌握在顾客手中航空公司可能会惊讶地发现，人们愿意支付额外的费用。A. ask for 寻找；B. prepare for为做准备；C. apply for 申请；D. pay for为付款。根据“extra services”可知航空公司可能会惊讶地发
100、现，人们愿意为额外的服务付费。故选D项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，如果你相信你的客户做出自己的选择，会发生什么？A. plans计划；B. minds介意；C. choices选择；D. changes改变。根据“This will put more power in the hands of a15-the airline might be surprised to find that people are willing to16extra services. ”可知客户可以做出自己的选择。故选C项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此记住，不要欺骗你的顾客。A
101、. embarrass使尴尬；B. cheat欺骗；C. lose丢失；D. puzzles使迷惑。根据“Instead, charge what you think your service or product is worth and take it from there.”可知这里意思是不要欺骗你的顾客。故选B项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：用这种方法，你可以取消不必要的服务以换取更低的价格。A. terrible 可怕的；B. basic基础的；C. unnecessary 不必要的；D. public公共的。对你认为你的服务或产品值多少钱就收多少钱。根据“in exch
102、ange for lower prices”可知这里意思是你可以取消不必要的服务以换取更低的价格。故选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对你和你的顾客来说是双赢的，通过分享购买决策，从而给你的客户更多的自由。A. freedom自由；B. support支持；C. warmth温暖；D. discount打折。根据“This way, you can remove 19services in exchange for lower prices.”可知让顾客来进行选择，从而给了他们更多的自由。故选A项。【点睛】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结
103、合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）语法填词One of Chinas largest hanfu-themed _41_(event), the annual Hanfu Cultural Festival in Xitang ancient town, East Chinas Zhejiang Province, _42_(hold) from October 28 to 31 last year. According to statistics from the organizer, 157,326 visi
104、tors attended the festival, many of _43_ were hanfu-wearing enthusiasts, called “tong pao”._44_(origin) from the collection of ancient Chinese poetry Book of Songs, the word tong pao is now used to describe whoever appreciates _45_(tradition) Han Chinese clothing. _46_(forbid) during Chinas last feu
105、dal(封建的) dynasty, the Manchu-ruled Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), hanfu clothing has been little known _47_ the public for many decades.Nowadays, hanfu _48_(make) a comeback. Tong pao has risen in number over the past 15 years _49_ a worker in Central Chinas Henan Province named Wang Letian made a hanfu-
106、style suit and wore _50_ in public in 2003.【答案】41. events 42. was held 43. whom 44. Originating 45. traditional 46. Forbidden 47. to 48. is making 49. since 50. it【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一年一度的中国最大的汉服主题文化节在西塘古镇、华东地区的浙江省举办的一些情况。【41题详解】考查名词的数。event为可数名词，根据上文one of后文名词复数形式，表示“其中之一”可知应填复数形式。故填events。【42题详解】考查
107、动词时态语态。主语是the annual Hanfu Cultural Festival，它与hold之间是被动关系，另外根据时间状语from October 28 to 31 last year可知此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为Festival，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was held。【43题详解】考查定语从句。此处为“介词+关系代词” 引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是157,326visitors，做介词of的宾语，指人应用whom来引导。故填whom。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知originate在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语the word tong pao
108、构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句首字母要大写。故填Originating。【45题详解】考查形容词。修饰后文名词短语Han Chinese clothing应用形容词traditional，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。通过分析句子结构可知forbid在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语hanfu clothing构成被动关系，因此要用过去分词作状语。句首字母要大写。故填Forbidden。【47题详解】考查介词。根据短语be known to表示“为所知”符合句意。故填to。【48题详解】考查动词时态。句意：如今，汉服正在东山再起。描述此时此刻的状态应用现
109、在进行时，主语为hanfu，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is making。【49题详解】考查连词。句意：自2003年中国中部河南省一名叫王乐天的工人制作了一套汉服风格的西服并在公共场合穿着以来，汉服的数量在过去15年里一直在增长。结合语境可知此处表示“自从”，且结合主句时态为现在完成时可知这里要用since来引导时间状语从句。故填since。【50题详解】考查代词。此处代指前面的a hanfu- style suit应用代词it。故填it。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌
110、写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。With the development of the Internet, shopping online is more and more popular. People spend lots of money online, especially on Sing
111、les Day when the sales volume reaches an unexpected level, that astonishes everyone. Some people are in favor of it. Shopping online never failed to fascinate people because its great convenience. However, it offers the wide range of goods to people and they can get almost whatever they want online.
112、 On the contrary, some think it makes people to waste more money with the increasingly eagerness for buying more. They often find what theyve bought can rarely be used in his daily life. As far as Im concerned, its amazed to shop on the Internet. After all, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
113、 What really counts for people is to buy better goods with low prices.【答案】1. thatwhich2. failedfails3. because后加of4. HoweverBesides/Furthermore/Moreover5. thea6. 去掉to 7. increasinglyincreasing8. histheir 9. amazedamazing10. lowlower【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了网上购物的利弊，呼吁我们要理性网购。【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：人们在网上花了很多钱，尤
114、其是在光棍节，那时销售量达到一个意想不到的水平，这让每个人都感到惊讶。分析句子结构可知，本句需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是句子“People spend lots of money online”，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故将that改为which。2.考查时态。句意：网上购物总是吸引人，因为它非常方便。根据副词never和后一句谓语动词offers可知，本句谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是动名词Shopping online，所以谓语动词需用单数fails。故将failed改为fails。3.考查固定短语。because因为，引
115、导原因状语从句，而本句的 its great convenience是名词短语，所以此处需用because of，其后接词。故在because后加of。4.考查副词。根据前一句句意“网上购物总是吸引人，因为它非常方便。”和后一句句意“它为人们提供了各种各样的商品，他们几乎可以在网上获得他们想要的任何东西。”可知，此处前后表示递进关系，所以需用副词Besides/Furthermore/Moreover。故将However改为Besides/Furthermore/Moreover。5.考查固定搭配和冠词。a wide range of 一系列，固定短语。故将the改为a。6.考查固定搭配。句意
116、：相反，有人认为随着人们越来越渴望购买更多的东西，这会使人们浪费更多的钱。make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，固定搭配。故去掉to。7.考查形容词。句意：相反，有人认为随着人们越来越渴望购买更多的东西，这会使人们浪费更多的钱。修饰名词eagerness需用形容词increasing“增加的”， 此处作定语；increasingly“增加地”副词，不符合题意。故将increasingly改为increasing。8.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们经常发现所购买的东西很少在日常生活中使用。本句主语是they，所以此处指的是他们的日常生活，所以需用形容词性物主代词their。故将his改
117、为their。9.考查形容词。句意：就我而言，在互联网上购物真是太棒了。修饰物需用ing形容词，ed形容词常用来修饰人，此处主语网上购物，需用ing形容词amazing。故将amazed改为amazing。10考查形容词比较级。句意：对人们来说真正重要的是以更低的价格购买更好的商品。根据“better goods”可知，此处表示用更低的价格买更好的商品，所以此处需用形容词low的比较级lower。故将low改为lower。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 随着手机及其他电子设备的普及，“低头族”随处可见。大街上，公交车上，以年轻人为主。针对这一问题，请写一篇倡议书，提醒人们低头看手机的危害
118、，并呼吁人们尽量抬起头来。要求：1.观点鲜明：2.行文连贯流畅；3.字数100左右。文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：低头族phubberThe mobile phone and other electric devices have been part of our life, bringing us convenience. However, more and more phubbers, especially young people, bury themselves in their phones without looking at what was going on aro
119、und them._【答案】The mobile phone and other electric devices have been part of our life, bringing us convenience. However, more and more phubbers, especially young people, bury themselves in their phones without looking at what was going on around them.Obviously, their health is the first to bear the b
120、runt of phubbing. Constantly bending heads to check cell phones could harm peoples physical health. Symptoms include eye strain, neck and shoulder pain, headaches and blurred vision. But thats not all. Being a phubber could also damage peoples social skills and drive them away from their friends and
121、 family.Now, its time to raise heads from electronic devices. Try to cut the amount of time on cell phones and take a break every hour. Only in this way can everyone gain quality time with loved ones and a healthier lifestyle as well.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文。文章要求考生一篇倡议书，提醒人们低头看手机的危害，并呼吁人们尽量抬起头来。【详解】第一步：审
122、题体裁：说明文。时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法。要求：1.观点鲜明：2.行文连贯流畅；3.字数100左右。第二步：列提纲（重点短语）bending heads；damage peoples social skills；raise heads；第三步：连词成句1.Constantly bending heads to check cell phones could harm peoples physical health.2.But thats not all. Being a phubber could also damage peoples social skills an
123、d drive them away from their friends and family.3.Now, its time to raise heads from electronic devices.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇1.表示文章结构顺序：提出现象；提出观点；最后总结。2.表示并列补充关系：Obviously；and；But第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如非谓语动词：Being a phubber could also damage peoples social skills and drive them away from their friends and family；如部分倒装：Only in this way can everyone gain quality time with loved ones and a healthier lifestyle as well.等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。