1、The use of it(2)Unit 4 Grammar在上一单元我们已经讲解了it在句中可以用作许多成分,在本单元我们用图表的形式进行整理使同学们对it的用法有系统的掌握。性质功 能例 句代词用作人称代词，代替上文提到的人或事物。Who is it?Its me.Youve helped me a lot;Ill never forget it.性质功 能例 句代词用以代替指示代词this或that。Whats this?Its a computer.Whose book is that?Its hers.性质功 能例 句代词表示时间、天气、距离、价钱等。Its time for lun
2、ch.Its raining hard.Its two miles from the school to our home.引导词作形式主语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句等表示的真正主语。It is easy to buy a new radio.It is no use telling him that.It doesnt matter whether she comes or not.引导词作形式宾语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句等表示的真正宾语。I feel it my duty to helphim.We thought it no use doing that.Ive made it c
3、lear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.引导词表示强调,其结构是:It is/was+强调部分+that+原句剩余部分。此结构只限于强调状语、主语和宾语。注意：如果强调的是人,其后用that或who 均可;如果强调的是物、时间或地点等状语,其后只能用that不用where、when、why。引导词I saw Tom here yesterday.It was I that/who saw Tom here yesterday.It was Tom that/who I saw here yesterday.It was yesterday that
4、I saw Tom here.It was here that I saw Tom yesterday.引导词注意:若原句是notuntil句型,在强调until 部分时,要把否定形式放入被强调部分。例如:He didnt leave until l returned.=It wasnt until I returned that he left强调句型若强调谓语,则用do/does/did+动词原形,常译为“的确”“一定”等,该结构只能用于陈述句或祈使句中。引导的强调句与其它从句的区别在于：Do be patient!一定要有耐心。He does want to learn English
5、well.他的确想学好英语。It was in the place that I was born.(强调句)It was the place where I was born.(定语从句)易混的其它从句 强调句型中前后时态应一致;被强调的部分为主语、宾语和状语,若把it iswas和thatwho去掉,剩下的词语能重新组成正确的句子,而且不缺成分,否则就是其它从句。It was in 1945 that World War II ended.(强调句)It was 1945 when World War II ended.(状语从句)It is a long time since I met
6、 you last.(时间状语)It is time that you went to bed.(定语从句)我们用图表的形式对it的用法进行的归纳,相信同学们已经对it的用法有了更清晰的认识。接下来我们对it在强调句中的用法做一小结。用在强调句型中,为了强调句子的某一成分(通常是主语、宾语或状语),常用结构:It is/was 被强调部分that(who)I met Tom in the street yesterday It was I who(that)met Tom in the street yesterday.It was Tom that I met in the street y
7、esterday.It was in the street that I met Tom yesterday.It was yesterday that I met Tom in the street.主语宾语时间状语地点状语 1.Peter lent us the money.2.They want money.3.All this happened on Monday.It was Peter who lent us the money.It is money that they want.It was on Monday that all this happened.根据划线部分把下列句
8、子变成强调句。4.I didnt hear from her until lastsummer.5.Why does everyone think I am narrow-minded?It was not until last summer that I heard from her.Why is it that everyone thinks I am narrow-minded?口诀：代词 it 本意它,既可指这又指那;时间天气均可指,谈到距离也用它;假主假宾均可作,强调句型跟that。it在句子中可以作如此多的成分,那么我们如何区分it在句中的不同成分呢?1.It is two yea
9、rs _ I joined the army.A.before B.since C.that D.after2.It was two years _ I joined the army.A.before B.since C.that D.afterPractice3.It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcast began.A.while B.which C.that D.since4._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There
10、B.This C.That D.It5.It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A.that B.until C.before D.when6.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them 7.The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.
11、they B.it C.one D.which8._ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.A.It has B.There has C.It is D.There is9._ was in 1979 _ I graduated from the university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when10.What a pity my new computer doesnt work!_ must be something
12、wrong with it.A.It B.There C.This D.That11.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A.this B.that C.it D.one12.Someone is knocking at the door,but who can _ be?A.one B.he C.she D.it13.A knock on the door made him look up.But _ was only the manager.A.this B.that C.she D.it14.Someon
13、e is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 15.Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day?A.this B.that C.it D.he16.Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A.this B.that C.he D.it17._ worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.A
14、.That B.It C.What D.This18.They have made _ a rule _in the room.A.this;not to smoke B.it;smoking C.it;to not smoke D.it;not to smoke1.Its difficult to remember all their names.2.Its very quiet in the caf.3.It rained for three days.4.He made it clear that he didnt want to speak to me.5.It was nice to
15、 meet you.形式主语,代替CircumstanceWeather形式主语,代替Discuss the following sentences and tell the function of“it”.形式宾语,代替6.It was on Tuesday that Smith came.7.Its three miles from here to the nearest garage.8.A tall man stood up and shook hands.It was captain Jim.9.I hear you bought a new bike.Can you show it
16、 to me?用于强调句型中Distance人称代词，代表前面提到的人人称代词，代表前面提到的物10.It was five oclock when we got back home yesterday.11.It was dirty and wet below the ship where the slaves were kept.12.It was on this coast that lots of his people disappeared.13.It was most likely that one third of them had lost their lives.Time Circumstance用于强调句型作引导词，在句中作形式主语，代替后面的从句