1、Section Developing ideas自主学习激发潜能. 课文翻译教材原文LIANDA: A PLACE OF PASSION， BELIEF AND COMMITMENTThroughout history， the great thinkers of the world have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles as being like “war”. However， for most of them， the “war” has been purely symbolic. Real
2、war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense challenges. In 1937， the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to Chinas three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops， while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombi
3、ng. To save their educational and intellectual heritage， the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University， otherwise known as Lianda. Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of more than 2，000 kilometre
4、s， most of them on foot. Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky， often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs. Conditions were little better once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China. They had to live in rough buildings， packed 40 to a room， like sardine
5、s. There were dire shortages of food， books， and equipment. Furthermore， classes were frequently disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm.However， despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges， it was right in this place， over a period of e
6、ight long years， that the nations intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. It is no wonder that many， if not most， of Chinas leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda， including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicist
7、s， Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. “Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made，” Yang recalled. He sill remembers learning in a temporary classroom that had no glass in the windows. “On windy days， we had to hold down the paper on the desk， which would otherwise be blown away，” he s
8、aid.With the country at war， students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty. Driven by a sense ofcommitment， a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation. In fact， Lianda provided the largest number of student-soldiers from any campus in Chi
9、na. Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters， one tenth were from Lianda， including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong. Zha later depicted the contributions of his peers in a poem:Softly， on the hillside forgotten by all，A misty rain
10、 falls in a gentle breeze;There is no trace of the footprints of history;Where brave souls once stood， breathing new life into the trees.A product of the war， Lianda is now physically gone. But it has become the crowning glory of Chinas modern universities， not only because of its prominent professo
11、rs and talented students， but also because of the schools strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. In 2017， representatives from Peking University， Tsinghua University， Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding. More than eighty
12、years on， the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed. It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation， with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.教材译文联大：一个充满热情、信念和奉献的地方纵观历史，世界上伟大的思想家们常常把他们的学术斗争浪漫地称为“战争”。然而，对他们大多数人来说，这场“战争
13、”纯粹是象征性的。真正的战争从来不是浪漫的，因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。 1937年，日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难：北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领，南开大学被彻底炸毁。为了保护教育和知识遗产，这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学，简称联大。 这三所大学的教授和学生都进行了一段史诗般的旅程，行程超过了2，000千米，其中大部分人是步行的。他们的床是尘土飞扬的道路，他们的屋顶是开阔的天空，经常被日军的炸弹点亮。当他们到达中国偏远多山的西南地区时，情况也好不到哪里去。他们不得不住在简陋的房子里，挤得像沙丁鱼一样，一个房间里挤满40个人。食物、书籍和设备严重短缺。此外，由于猛烈的空
14、袭，课堂经常中断，经常被迫在上午10点之前和下午4点之后上课。 然而，尽管困难重重，挑战艰巨，正是在这个地方，在长达8年的时间里，我国的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，而且得到了加强，这都归功于可敬的联大学者的热情和信念。难怪在联大出现了许多(如果不是大多数的话)中国顶尖学者和科学家，包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁和李政道。“联大为我取得的每一项成就奠定了基础，”杨回忆说。他仍然记得在一间窗户上没有玻璃的临时教室里学习的情景。他说:“刮风的时候，我们不得不把纸压在桌子上，否则纸就会被风吹走。” 由于国家处于战争状态，联大的学生不会逃避责任。在献身精神的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉
15、。事实上，在中国的所有校园里，联大提供的学生兵数量是最多的。在来自全国各地担任翻译的数千名大学生中，十分之一来自联大，包括著名的翻译家查良铮和许渊冲。后来，查在一首诗中描述了他的同行的贡献:静静的，在那被遗忘的山坡上，还下着密雨，还吹着细风，没有人知道历史曾在此走过，留下了英灵化入树干而滋生。 作为战争的产物，联大现在已经不在了。但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣誉，不仅因为它杰出的教授和有才华的学生，还因为学校的坚韧不拔的毅力和奉献精神。2017年，来自北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂，纪念联大建校80周年。 80多年过去了，联大的无价贡献仍然需要再次肯定。它已经成为
16、中华民族集体记忆的一部分，它的精神是现代中国所有大学的蓝图。. 词汇拓展1. academic /kdemik/adj.学术的 academy /kdmi/n.学院; 研究院; 学会; 专科院校 academically /kdemikli/adv.学术上; 学业上2. aggression /re()n/n.侵略 aggressive /resiv/adj.好斗的; 有进取心的; 有闯劲的3. intellectual /intlektul/adj.智力的，脑力的 intellect /intlekt/n.智力，理解力; 英才 intellectually /intlektuli/adv.智
17、力上; 知性上4. associated /suieitid/adj.联合的 association /susiein/n.协会，联盟，社团; 联合; 联想5. rough /rf/adj.简单的; 粗糙的 roughly /rfli/adv.粗糙地; 粗略地 roughnes s /rfnis/n.粗糙; 粗暴6. fortify /f: tifai/v.激励，加强 fortified /f: tifaid/adj.加强的; 防御的7. emerge /imd/v.出现 emergency /imdnst/n.紧急情况; 突发事件8. invader /inveid/n.侵略者，侵略军 in
18、vade /inveid/vt. 侵略；侵犯；涌入 invasion /invein/n.入侵，侵略；涌入；侵犯9. depict /dipikt/v.描述，描写 depiction /dipikn/n.描写；描绘 depictive /dipiktiv/adj.描写的；描述的10. glory /lri/n.辉煌的成就；荣耀的事 glorious /l: ris/adj.光荣的；辉煌的；壮观的 glorify /l: rifai/vt.赞美；美化. 情境词块1.联合起来 join together 2.点燃；照亮 light up 3.压制；限制；保住（工作等） hold down 4.奠定
19、基础 lay the foundation 5.交战 at war 6.a great many 大量的 7.serve as 充当 8.a sum of 一大笔 9.break through 突围 10.track down 追踪到 . 情境佳句1.句型公式强调句教材原句However， despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges， it was right in this place， over a period of eight long years， that the nations intellectual h
20、eritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.尽管困难重重，挑战艰巨，正是在这个地方，在长达8年的时间里，我国的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，而且得到了加强，这都归功于可敬的联大学者的热情和信念。中文例句直到她摘下墨镜，我才意识到她是一位著名的电影明星。句式仿写 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
21、2.句型公式It is no wonder that难怪教材原句It is no wonder that many， if not most， of Chinas leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda， including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists， Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.难怪在联大出现了许多（如果不是大多数的话）中国顶尖学者和科学家，包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁和李政道。中文例句他没能通过期末考试，这是不足为怪的。句式仿写 It is n
22、o wonder that he failed his final exam. 3.句型公式过去分词作状语教材原句Driven by a sense of commitment， a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation. 在献身精神的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉。中文例句他们很欣赏她的工作，让她当了总经理。句式仿写 Delighted with her work，they made her the general mana
23、ger. 4.句型公式分数表达法教材原句Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters， one tenth were from Lianda， including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong.在来自全国各地担任翻译中的数千名大学生中，十分之一来自联大，包括著名的翻译家查良铮和许渊冲。中文例句大约三分之二的学生都将参加会议。句式仿写 About two thirds of the stu
24、dents are going to attend the meeting. 文本互动合作探究文本理解Reading for the details.Choose the best answer according to the text.1.What caused Lianda to be formed in Kunming?A.Thinkers academic struggles.B.Immense challenges.C.Japanese aggression.D.Educational heritage.答案：C2.How did most students get to Kunm
25、ing?A.By bus.B.By air.C.On foot.D.By bike.答案：C3.What caused many students to join the army to defeat the invaders?A.A sense of commitment.B.A sense of achievement.C.A sense of loss.D.A sense of trust.答案：A4.Why has Lianda become the crowning glory of Chinas modern universities?A.Because of a product
26、of the war.B.Because of its spirit of perseverance.C.Because of its collective memory.D.Because of the honour of the nation.答案：B激发思维全程指导背景导学描写战争英雄。第一段：开门见山，点明心中的英雄。描写人物，即通过文字把人物的外貌、性格等呈现给读者。人物描写的特点是用语言描绘人物的外表、行为、心理活动等。第二段：具体讲述该人物的英雄壮举。发生在一个人物身上的事很多，写作时，我们要抓住其显著的、与众不同的方面，也要抓住体现人物性格的主要活动和事件。第三段：个人评论或祝
27、愿。在描述中，要叙述议论相结合，要对人物做出实时评价，突出人物性格。另外，时态的使用要视实际情况而定。文本改写【教材原文】Yang Jingyu， an anti-Japanese hero， was born in Henan Province in 1905. He joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1927. In 1937 Yang became leader of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army and fought a guerrilla war against the Jap
28、anese invaders.In 1938， the Japanese army offered a large sum of money for Yangs head and a large number of troops surrounded his men. In early 1940， facing a critical lack of supplies， Yang decided to let his men break through in small groups， but his own section of 60 men was betrayed to the Japan
29、ese. After these men were killed， Yang foughton alone for five days. He was eventually trackeddown on 23 February by a large unit of Japanese troops. He killed more than 20 Japanese soldiers before dying in a hail of machine gunfire. When the Japanese cut open his body， they discovered only tree bar
30、k， cotton and grass roots， but not a single grain of rice in his stomach.Yangs death was a huge blow to his loyal troops， but they turned sorrow into anger and continued to fight fiercely against the invaders. After the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) was established， Yang was reburied with full mil
31、itary honours， in Tonghua， Jilin Province. 请将范文改写成一篇80词左右的短文。【审题谋篇】【词汇储备】1. against the Japanese invaders 对抗日本侵略者2. a large number of troops 大量士兵3. break through 突破; 突围4. lack of supplies 缺乏补给5. track down 追捕6. fight on alone 孤军奋战【句型运用】1.杨靖宇，抗日英雄，1905年出生于河南省。 Yang Jingyu， an anti-Japanese hero， was
32、born in Henan Province in 1905. 2.杨靖宇成为东北抗日联军的领袖。 Yang became leader of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army. 3.大量的军队包围了他的人，而且他们面临严重的物资短缺，所以杨决定让他们以小分队突围。 A large number of troops surrounded his men and they faced a critical lack of supplies， so Yang decided to let them break through in small gro
33、ups. 4.他自己手下的60人被出卖给了日本人。结果，这些人被杀了。 His own section of 60 men was betrayed to the Japanese. As a result， these men were killed. 5.杨独自作战，但最终还是被追捕到了。 Yang fought on alone but was eventually tracked down. 6.他在一阵机关枪的炮火中死去，肚子里没有一粒米。 He died in a hail of machine gunfire and was found without a grain of ri
34、ce in his stomach. 7.中华人民共和国成立后，杨被按照最高军事荣誉重新安葬。 After the Peoples Republic of China was established， Yang was reburied with full military honours. 【句式升级】1.用非谓语动词连接第1、2句。 Born in Henan Province in 1905， anti-Japanese hero Yang Jingyu was a leader of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army. 2.用过去分词和介
35、词短语修改第3句。 Surrounded by a large number of troops， Yang decided to let his men break through in small groups due to a critical lack of supplies. 3.用非谓语动词整合第5、6句。 Yang fought on alone but was eventually tracked down， dying in a hail of machine gunfire without a grain of rice in his stomach. 【串句成文】1.将以
36、上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。（注意使用恰当的衔接词）Born in Henan Province in 1905， anti-Japanese hero Yang Jingyu was a leader of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army. Surrounded by a large number of troops， Yang decided to let his men break through in small groups due to a critical lack of supplies. However，
37、 his own section of 60 men was betrayed to the Japanese， and as a result， these men were killed. Yang fought on alone but was eventually tracked down， dying in a hail of machine gunfire without a grain of rice in his stomach. After the Peoples Republic of China was established， Yang was reburied wit
38、h full military honours. 实战演练1.请你以My hero为题，写一篇介绍你心目中的英雄的英语短文。注意：（1）词数不少于80；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。My hero解析：写作指导体裁记叙文时态一般过去时/一般现在时人称第三人称/第一人称要点1. 开门见山，点明心中的英雄；2. 具体讲述该人物的英雄壮举；3. 个人评论或祝愿。答案：高分范文My heroMy hero is Zhou Enlai， who was the first premier of the Peoples Republic of China.He was a great rev
39、olutionary who had devoted all his life to the cause of the liberation of China. He took part in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation. He fought bravely against the enemies in order to save the people in great sorrow. He was such a man who cared more about the
40、people than himself. He put all the people in his heart except himself.I admire him so much though he has been away from us for a long time. I like him best and believe that he will always be alive in the minds of Chinese people.高级短语及句式短语：devote all ones life to 把某人的生命奉献给；fight bravely against勇敢地为而战
41、；the cause of the liberation解放事业； in great sorrow在极度的悲伤中句式：定语从句：He was such a man who cared more about the people than himself.让步状语从句：I admire him so much though he has been away from us for a long time.新知清障素养构建核心词汇1. emerge v.出现It is no wonder that many， if not most， of Chinas leading scholars and
42、scientists emerged at Lianda， including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists，Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. （教材P32）难怪在联大出现了许多（如果不是大多数的话）中国顶尖学者和科学家，包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁和李政道。典例翻译He didnt emerge from his bedroom until noon. 直到中午他才从卧室里出来。 It emerged that they didnt agree with each other. 这暴露出他们彼此意见不一致。 He
43、 was a writer who had emerged out of obscurity（默默无闻）. 他是一个一举成名的作家。 He emerged as a key figure in the campaign. 他已初露头角，成了这次运动的主要人物。 The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake. 地震发生后，政府宣布进入紧急状态。 归纳拓展（1）从中出现或显露 emerge from 来源于 emerge out of 这暴露出 it emerged that 作为显露 emerg
44、e as （2）emergency n.突发事件；紧急状态 adj.应急的；备用的紧急状态 a state of emergency 在紧急情况下 in an emergency学以致用（1）单句填空Several facts started to emerge from my investigation.The musical forms emerged out of the American black experience.The Pacific region has rapidly emerged as a leading force on the world stage.（2）单句写
45、作事已清楚，这家公司准备售出。 It emerged that the company was going to be sold. 这道门只能在紧急情况下使用。 This door should only be used in an emergency. 2. representative n.代表In 2017， representatives from Peking University，Tsinghua University，Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th an
46、niversary of its founding. (教材P33)2017年，来自北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂，纪念联大建校80周年。典例翻译The association is sending representatives to the conference. 协会将派代表出席大会。 She is a sales representative for a large company. 她是一家大公司的销售代表。 Ill represent to him the risk he is running. 我要向他指出他所面临的险境。 归纳拓展（1）represe
47、ntative n.代表；代表物为行事的代表 a representative for 参加的代表 a representative to 来自的代表 a representative of/from（2）represent v.代表，象征，表示；作为的代表represent to 向描述学以致用（1）单句填空He was in no way a representative of dog trainers in general.He is a representative for a large steel company.The representative (represent)from
48、 New Zealand spoke at the Pacific Islands Forum.When asked by officials to select five representatives to negotiate their demands，the crowd began to shout，“We dont want to be represented .”(represent)（2）单句写作这个事例典型地反映了警方的态度。 This case is a representative of the attitude of the police. 3. sum n.金额，款项；
49、总数；总和 v.共计；求的和In 1938， the Japanese army offered a large sum of money for Yangs head and a large number of troops surrounded his men. (教材P35)1938年，日本军队出了一大笔钱买杨靖宇的人头，大批军队包围了他的部队。典例翻译The expenses came to an enormous sum. 开支总数巨大。 The appeal of this charming little town is hard to sum up. 这座迷人小镇的魅力三言两语难
50、以讲明。 The old man was offered a large sum of money. 这位老人获得了一大笔钱。 In sum， it is a great challenge to prevent and control the pandemic all over the world. 总之，在全球范围内防控疫情是一个巨大的挑战。 归纳拓展（1）总结；概括 sum up （2）大体上；一言以蔽之；总之 in sum 一大笔钱 a large sum of money 计算；做算术题 do a sum 学以致用（1）单句填空 In sum， the two countries a
51、re now true economic partners.She summed (sum) it up as “the most brilliant lecture Ive ever attended”.（2）完成句子我很快地算出了需要花费的钱数。 I did a quick sum to work out how much it would cost. （3）单句写作他为这所房子出了一笔巨款。 He paid a large sum of money for the house. 4. relevant adj.有关的，切题的Prepare a short presentation on
52、one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic. (教材P36)准备一份关于活动2中某个主题的简短报告，或者思考另一个相关的主题。典例翻译Museums should play a more involved or relevant role in public life. 博物馆应扮演一个更具有参与性或与公众生活更相关的角色。 These materials are relevant to the case. 这些材料与这起案件有关。 Education should be closely relate
53、d to students need. 教育应该与学生的需要紧密相关。 Its so small in relation to the strength of their friendship. 这事太小了，不足以影响他们之间的友谊。 The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland. 第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。 归纳拓展（1）与有关 be relevant to irrelevant adj. 不相干的，不相关的（2）relate v. 叙述；有关联涉及；关于 relate to 与有因果关系，关联 be related to
54、relateto把和联系起来（3）relation n. 关系；联系；亲戚关于；涉及；与比较 in relation to 学以致用（1）单句填空Her appearance is not relevant to whether she can be a good teacher.It was all irrelevant (relevant)， but I didnt want to interrupt him.I have nothing to say in relation (relate) to that matter.（2）完成句子并不是所有的内容都与你的品位直接相关，事实上，有些内
55、容与你完全无关。Not all the content will be directly relevant to your tastes and in fact some of it will be completely irrelevant to you.重点句型1. not onlybut also不仅而且But it has become the crowning glory of Chinas modern universities， not only because of its prominent professors and talented students， but also
56、 because of the schools strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. (教材P33)但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣誉，不仅因为它杰出的教授和有才华的学生，还因为学校的坚韧不拔的毅力和奉献精神。典例翻译The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. 美国人和英国人不但说相同的语言，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。 Light and bright color
57、s make people not only happier but more active. 浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了更高兴，也会使人更加活泼。 Shakespeare was not only a writer but (also) an actor. 莎士比亚不仅是一位作家，而且是一位演员。 Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another. 不仅我，而且简和玛丽都厌倦了一次又一次的考试。 Not only had the poor man been arrested
58、， but he had been sent to prison as well. 这个可怜的人不仅被捕了，而且还被送进了监狱。 归纳拓展（1）该结构常用来连接并列成分，如两个主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或分句，在意义上强调后者，其中also可以省略。（2）“not onlybut also”连接主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则；当not only 位于句首连接两个并列分句时，第一个分句要用部分倒装，第二个分句不倒装。学以致用完成句子他们不仅闯进了他的办公室，而且还撕碎了他的文件。They not only broke into his office but (also) tore up
59、 his papers.不仅是你，他也从火中救出了那些男孩。 Not only you but (also) he has saved the boys from the fire.不仅学生喜欢踢足球，而且他们的老师也喜欢踢足球。Not just the students but also their teacher likes playing football .他不仅能准确地说英语，而且说得很流利。Not only can he speak English correctly，but he also speaks it fluently.2. It is no wonder that 难怪
60、It is no wonder that many， if not most， of Chinas leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda， including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists， Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. (教材P32)难怪在联大出现了许多(如果不是大多数的话)中国顶尖学者和科学家，包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁和李政道。典例翻译It is no wonder that he was so punctual this morning.
61、难怪他今天早晨到得这样准时。 I wonder how you came to miss your way. 我想知道你是怎样迷路的。 I wonder whether they will arrive on time. 不知他们是否能准时到达。 归纳拓展（1）wonder n.惊奇；惊讶；奇观；奇人不足为奇；并不奇怪 no(little，small) wonder 惊奇地 in wonder（2）v.想知道；感到疑惑；感到惊奇想知道是否 wonder+if/whether-clause 不知道 wonder+wh-clause/to do对感到惊讶/疑惑 wonder at/about（3）
62、wonderful adj.极好的；奇异的学以致用单句填空It is no wonder that she should not write to you.I wonder what they call these flowers.Hes a wonder with the way he arranges everything without any help.Sadly， although the Amber Room was one of the greatest wonders (wonder)of the world，it is now missing.素养达标迁移创新. 语境填词根据
63、语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。1.During the past four years I have had a good deal of academic (学术的) experience in communication technology.2.Our factory was bombed (爆炸)out at that time, but we soon managed to go into production again.3.Edwards in particular has been put forward as an author of great intellectual
64、 (知识的) distinction.4.Restriction on trade among different countries created bitter feelings and disrupted (扰乱)the economy.5.For those who lack the right training and skills and support, this new world can be daunting (令人畏惧的).6.A good breakfast will fortify (加强) you for the days work.7.The rabbit wil
65、l not emerge (出现) from its hole while you are there.8.She was rejected by her peer (同辈) group. 语境选词根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。a great many, lay the foundation for, due to, serve as, shirk ones duty, blow away, at war, hold down, the largest number of, light up1.I served as a tour guide for Beijing Internatio
66、nal Travel Service last summer.2.Which language is spoken by the largest number of people in the world? Of course, the answer is Chinese.3.I knew that a great many parts of the puzzle had to fall into place.4.While he was encouraged many times, he decided to shirk his duty .5.Hold on to your umbrell
67、a so that it wont blow away .6.Cant you understand that we are at war with these people?7.He can never hold down a job for long, because he is always late.8.Education has laid the foundation for scientific and technological advancement and personnel training.9. Due to limitations on space, many topi
68、cs of actual substance have been left out.10.These teachings lit up my mind, pointed out the direction and gave me endless strength. 课文语法填空1.Throughout history, the great thinkers have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles as being like “war”. However, their symbolic “war” i
69、s nowhere near the real war, 1. which brings nothing but extreme suffering and immense challenges.In 1937, because of the Japanese invasion, Chinas three great universities had no choice but 2. to join (join) together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University, otherwise known as Lianda.
70、The professors and students in the three universities made an epic journey, 3. covering (cover) a distance of over 2,000 kilometres. Once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China, 4. conditions (condition) were little better. They had to pack 40 to a room, like sardines. Ther
71、e 5. were (be) dire shortages of food, books, and equipment. 6. Furthermore/Moreover , classes were frequently disrupted due to fierce air attacks.Despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place 7. that the nations intellectual heritage was not only guarded but
72、fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. 8. Driven (drive) by a sense of commitment, students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty and a great many joined the army. Many of Chinas leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, claiming that Lianda laid the foundation 9. for their achievements.Lianda is now physically gone but it has become the crowning glory of Chinas modern universities. The 10. priceless (price) contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed.
