1、Unit 4Earthquakes.立体记单词 快速识记1._(vi.)爆裂;爆发 (n.)突然破裂;爆发2._(n.)废墟;毁灭 (vt.)毁灭;使破产3._(vt.)破坏;毁坏;消灭4._(vt.&vi.)(使)震惊;震动 (n.)休克;打击;震惊burstruindestroyshock5._(vt.)使陷入困境 (n.)陷阱;困境6._(vt.)埋葬;掩埋;隐藏7._(n.&vt.)损失;损害8._(vt.)表示;表达 (n.)快车;速递9._(n.)事件;大事trapburydamageexpressevent10._(n.&vt.)援救;营救11._(n.)灾难;灾祸12._(n.
2、)掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处13._(adj.)极度的14._(n.)裁判员;法官 (vt.)断定;判断;判决rescuedisastershelterextremejudge15._(vt.)损害;伤害_(n.)伤害;损害_(adj.)受伤的16._(vt.)使惊吓;吓唬_(adj.)受惊的;受恐吓的_(adj.)令人恐惧的17._(n.)祝贺;(复数)贺词_(vt.)祝贺18._(n.)电;电流;电学_(adj.)用电的;带电的_(adj.)与电有关的;电学的injureinjuryinjuredfrightenfrightenedfrighteningcongratulationcongrat
3、ulateelectricityelectricelectrical【语境应用】用所给词的正确形式填空Life would be very difficult without _,so it is necessary to master some _ knowledge to use _ equipment.(electricity)The earthquake _ our village completely,only leaving it in _,but it couldnt _ our dream and hope.(ruin)electricityelectricalelectric
4、ruinedruinsruinParents often fall into the _ of trying to do everything for their children,which makes them _ in the confusion of how to educate their children.(trap)Two players were _ in the accident so they were out of the team because of _.(injure)traptrappedinjuredinjury.多维练短语 查缺补漏1._ 轻视;认为没价值*2
5、._ 仿佛;好像3._ 掘出;发现*4._ 集资;筹款;募捐5.right away _think little ofas ifdig outraise money立刻;马上*6.at an end_*7.in ruins_*8.a(great)number of_*9.in the open air_10.give a speech_*11.cut across_结束;终结严重受损;破败不堪许多;大量的在户外做演讲抄近路穿过;走近路【语境应用】选用上面带星号的短语填空 At 1:47 a.m.on September 21st,1999,a terrible earthquake of ma
6、gnitude 7.6 shook Taiwan.It seemed_everything was_.Hundreds of houses were_,so people had to stay_ _and over 2,000 people were trapped in the fallen buildings._people lost their homes.It was the strongest earthquake that had ever hit Taiwan in a century.as ifat anendin ruinsthe open airA great numbe
7、r ofin.超级仿句式 模仿经典1.It seemed as if the world was at an end!(It seemed as if.)【仿写】我童年的一切仿佛刚刚发生一样。_everything in my childhood had just happened.It seemed as if/though2.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(too.to.太而不能)【仿写】她太矮了而够不到架子上的书。She is _the book on the shelf.t
8、oo short to reach3.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.(动词-ing形式作状语,表伴随)【仿写】他们在那儿站了半个小时,等着国旗升起。They stood there for half an hour _.waiting for the national flag to rise4.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.(everywhere作连词,引导地点状语从句)【仿写】这个年轻的歌手无论在哪儿出现,总是被一群疯狂的粉丝包围。_
9、,he is always surrounded by a group of crazy fans.Everywhere the young singer appears5.All hope was not lost.(all.not=not all.并非都)【仿写】不是所有有钱人都幸福。_Not all of the rich are happy.功能填语篇 开放填空 Strange things happened in Tangshan.For a few days,water in the wells 1._(rise)and fell.The well walls had cracks
10、 and a 2._(smell)gas came out of the cracks.Mice,chickens,pigs and even fish became too nervous to live 3._ usual.At 3:42 am,everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at 4._ end.One-third of the nation felt it.A huge crack cut 5._ the city.The city lay in 6._(ruin).Two-thirds of the pe
11、ople died or were injured.Then,rosesmellyasanacrossruinslater that afternoon,another big quake 7._(shake)Tangshan,8._ trapped many rescue workers and doctors.People began to wonder how long the disaster 9._(last).But all hope was not lost.Soldiers came to help those 10._(survive).Slowly,the city beg
12、an to breathe again.shookwhichwould lastsurvivors.必考重点单词1.burst vi.爆裂;爆发;突然闯入 n.突然破裂;爆发【思维激活 试一试】She _ _ _ for a while,and _ _ _ for another moment,which left us at a loss.她一会儿突然哭起来,一会儿又突然笑起来,这使我们一头雾水。burst out cryingburst into laughter【知识构建 记一记】(1)burst in/into突然闯进;破门而入burst out突然迸发;爆发;突然激动地喊叫burst
13、 out doing sth.=burst into+n.突然做某事(2)burst with anger/joy勃然大怒/心花怒放a burst of一阵We all thought his heart would burst with joy.我们都认为他心中的快乐快要爆发出来了。The side door of the pub flew open and three men burst in.酒吧的侧门猛地打开,三名男子突然闯进来。【巧学助记 看一看】burst的多层含义2.ruin n.U毁灭;毁坏;崩溃;常用复数废墟;遗迹vt.(使)毁坏;毁灭;成为废墟;使破产【思维激活 试一试】A
14、 large number of houses were _ _ after the earthquake in Ludian,Yunnan Province.云南鲁甸地震过后,许多房屋都毁了。in ruins【知识构建 记一记】(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟fall into ruin 毁灭;毁坏bring.to ruin使毁灭;使没落;使破产(2)ruin sth./sb.毁坏某物/某人Some towns in Syria lay in ruins after years of war.数年的战争已把叙利亚的一些城镇变成一片废墟。The heavy rain ruined
15、 our holiday finally.大雨最后把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。【明晰异同 辨一辨】ruin表示“毁灭,毁坏”,是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏,使其毁灭。也可用于指抽象意义damage表示“损害,损坏”,通常是指对物体的部分损害,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低,但这种破坏具有可修复性。也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词,作名词时与介词to搭配,如cause damage todestroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭,其功能无法或难以修复。也可用于损坏抽象的东西,如名誉、计划、契约等After the collision,he examined the consi
16、derable damage to his car.Fortunately it was not completely ruined/destroyed.撞车之后,他检查了受重创的车。所幸的是车还没完全报废。3.injure vt.损害;伤害;损坏(名誉);伤害(感情)【思维激活 试一试】A total of 271 people _ _ in Shanghais subway crash.在上海地铁事故中共有271人受伤。were injured【知识构建 记一记】be injured受伤injured adj.受伤的;受委屈的the injured伤者injuryn.伤,伤口,伤害Cart
17、er is playing in place of the injured OReilly.卡特替代受伤的奥赖利上场比赛。I didnt mean to do her an injury.我并未打算伤害她。【明晰异同 辨一辨】injure多指意外事故造成的伤害,也可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤,身体上出现明显的伤口,多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害,也可指身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害,损害,有害于”。常用短语do harm to“对有害”【巧学助记 看一看】4.shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动
18、n.休克;打击;震惊【思维激活 试一试】He _ _ _ her smoking.他对她吸烟感到很吃惊。was shocked at/by【知识构建 记一记】(1)be shocked at/by对感到震惊(2)a great shock令人震惊的人或事be a shock to sb.对某人来说是个打击(3)shockingadj.令人震惊的It shocked me to see how my neighbours treated their children.看到邻居们如何对待他们的孩子,我感到震惊。The news that the two popular stars took dru
19、gs together illegally was a shock to their fans.这两位当红明星一起非法吸毒的消息对他们的粉丝是一个打击。5.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏【思维激活 试一试】He has learned to _ _ _.他学会了掩饰内心的情感。bury his feelings【知识构建 记一记】(1)be buried in 埋头于;专心于be buried in thought沉思(2)bury oneself in study埋头研究;专心学习bury ones face in ones hands双手掩面 his books,he didnt kno
20、w it was raining outside.由于他埋头于书本,他不知道外面下雨了。As he buried himself in As he was buried in Buried in【要点拾遗】trap n.陷阱;困境 vt.使陷入困境【思维激活 试一试】Bad news came that twenty miners _ _ underground.坏消息传来:二十名矿工被困地下。were trapped【知识构建 记一记】(1)be trapped in.陷入trap sb.into doing sth.陷害/诱骗某人做某事(2)be caught in the trap陷入圈
21、套;落入陷阱I was trapped into telling the cheat all I knew.我被这个骗子诱骗说了我所知道的一切。The thieves were caught in the trap.窃贼陷入了圈套。【熟词生义 猜一猜】写出黑体部分的含义Small amounts of gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth.(把气体、水、热量等)储存、留存、吸收【即学即练】.用所给词的正确形式填空A.ruin/destroy/damage1.After the ea
22、rthquake everywhere they looked nearly everything was _.2.He _ his chances of promotion by his rudeness.3.Soft wood _ easily.destroyedruineddamagesB.injure/hurt/wound4.He was slightly _ in the car accident.5.He got _ in the fighting.6.What you said _ my feeling.injuredwoundedhurt.单句改错1.John fell off
23、 the tree and wounded his back.()2.She burst into laughing to hear the news.()3.People built shelters among the ruin of the city.()4.The news of his wifes death was terrible shock to him.()5.He was sitting with his head burying in a book.()woundedinjuredlaughinglaughter/intooutruinruinswas后加aburying
24、buried.完成句子1.When the children _,they were scared half to death.当孩子们听到这个吓人的故事时,他们吓得半死。2.Oh,my God,I left my portable computer in the taxi!_.Lets call the taxi company first.噢,天啊,我把手提电脑忘在出租车上了!镇静一点,我们先给出租车公司打电话。heard the frightening storyCalm down3.Its a pity that you have to leave so soon._that you
25、will come back.真遗憾你这么快就要离开,我真诚地希望你回来。4.That car accident _.After that he was condemned to a wheelchair.那场交通事故毁了他全部的生活,从那以后他再也离不开轮椅了。5._,so we had to get there only by boat.洪水冲毁了所有的桥梁,所以我们不得不乘船到那儿去。I sincerely hoperuined all his lifeThe flood destroyed all the bridges6.The news is so shocking that _.
26、这个消息如此令人震惊,以至于每个人都感到非常震惊。7._,he didnt notice what was happening.他专心于读报,没有注意到正在发生的事情。everyone is very much shocked at itBurying himself in the newspaper.热考短语句式1.at an end结束;终结【思维激活 试一试】He went on spending freely until his money was _ _ _.他继续大把地花钱直到用完为止。at an end【知识构建 记一记】使结束come to an end完成;结束in the
27、end最后make ends meet量入为出;使收支平衡at the end of在尽头(末)by the end of到末为止(常与完成时态连用)put/bring.to an endput an end to.The meeting came to an end and he set down many key points.会议结束了,他记录了很多要点。Go straight and youll find the hospital at the end of the road.一直往前走,你会在这条路的尽头找到这家医院。2.It seemed as if the world was a
28、t an end!仿佛到了世界末日!【思维激活 试一试】仿写句子_看来我们队好像要获胜了。It seems as if our team is going to win.【知识构建 记一记】It seemed(to sb.)that/as if.“(对某人来说)似乎”。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时,句子要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。(3)如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可省略从句主语和be动词,这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。
29、He looks as if he didnt recognize his old friend.他看上去好像并未认出他的老朋友。He opened his mouth as if to say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。【对接高考 做一做】(2014重庆高考)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me _?是约翰打破的窗户,你为什么说我啊?就好像是我做的一样。as if I had done it3.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。【思维激活 试一试】句型转换All
30、my friends do not study well._(变为同义句)_(变为完全否定句)Not all my friends study well.None of my friends study well.【知识构建 记一记】(1)当not与all,both,complete,each,every,everyone,everything,whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时,无论not的位置如何,皆表示部分否定,意为“并非都”。(2)no,none,no one,neither,nothing,nowhere等表示完全否定。Not all body language mea
31、ns the same thing in different countries,such as nodding.并非所有的肢体语言在不同的国家里都有相同的意思,例如点头。All of us dont have such experiences.并不是我们每个人都有这种经历。【拓展延伸】表示部分否定的其他形式not与always,altogether,completely,everywhere,entirely,totally,wholly等具有总括意义的副词连用时,皆表示部分否定。*A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.有学问的人并不
32、一定都是有智慧的人。*Its not altogether bad.这并非完全不好。*I dont wholly agree with him.我并不完全同意他的看法。注意:只要表示“全体”意义的词与否定词连用,都表示部分否定。【要点拾遗】think little/nothing of以为没什么了不起,轻视,忽视【思维激活 试一试】As usual,the foolish boss _ _ _ my suggestions on that project.和往常一样,那个愚蠢的老板根本就不重视我对那项工程的建议。thought little of【知识构建 记一记】(1)think highl
33、y/well/a lot/much of.对评价高think poorly/badly/little/nothing of.对评价不高(2)speak highly/well of.高度赞扬speak ill of.说的坏话sing high praise for.高度赞扬The government thinks highly of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.政府非常重视他的发明,因为它将有益于全国人民。【误区点拨 悟一悟】当think highly/well/much of.用于被动语态结构时,副词应放于
34、其修饰的动词前,即be highly/well/much thought of。His work is highly thought of by the critics.他的作品深受评论家推崇。【即学即练】.选择短语并用其正确形式填空 be trapped in,a large number of,think little of,burst in,in ruins,right away1.I didnt persuade them to do the experiment in that way,you know,they _my suggestion.2.We need an immedia
35、te reply.I see.Ill send the paper to you _.thought little ofright away3.I _the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.4.The police _and arrested the gang.5._books have been stolen from the library,havent they?Yes.The number of them is 26,000.6.Years of fighting have left the area _.was trapped in
36、burst inA large number ofin ruins.完成句子1.The war _in 1949.这场战争是在1949年结束的。2.The workmen _a deep channel for the water.工人们为了找到水挖了一条深深的隧道。3.As he _his research,he didnt notice the house was on fire.因为他正专注于研究工作,没注意到房子着火了。was at an enddug outwas burying himself in4._and were asleep as usual that night.看起来
37、似乎这一百万人几乎都没有把这些事件当回事,当天晚上照常睡着了。5.Thats the new machine whose parts are _.那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。6._他们并非都正确。It seemed as if the one million people thought little of these eventstoo small to be seenAll of them are not right./Not all of them are right.7.Every time he thought of his past,he _.每次他想起他的过去,都情不
38、自禁地失声痛哭。8.How did you _out of difficulty?你怎样想出如此明智的办法摆脱困境的?couldnt help bursting outcrying/bursting into tearsthink up such a clever way根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文,并背诵成文。1.2014年8月3日,云南省昭通市鲁甸县突然发生了强烈地震,全国震惊。(strike,shocked)2.地震现场令人恐惧。整个城镇一片废墟;大量房屋倒塌;一条条巨大的裂缝穿过房屋、道路和水道;山体崩塌,道路被掩埋;水、电被切断;数千人被困在废墟下。放眼望去,几乎一切都被
39、毁了。(lie in ruins,a great number of,cut across,be trapped)3.地震后,全国人民立刻行动起来帮助当地人渡过难关。(right away,disaster)4.我真心地希望鲁甸在全国人民的帮助下尽快恢复正常。(with the aid of,return to normal)【参考范文】On August 3rd,2014,a powerful earthquake struck Ludian in Yunnan Province.The whole nation was shocked at the news.What frightenin
40、g scenes!The whole town lay in ruins.A great number of houses fell.Huge cracks cut across houses,roads and canals.Mountains collapsed.Roads were buried by stones and bricks.Water and electricity were cut off.Thousands of people were trappedunder the ruins!In a word,everywhere I looked,nearly everything was destroyed.But fortunately,after the earthquake,all the people,including farmers,workers and volunteers,took action right away.Everyone did their bit to help them out of the disaster.I sincerely hope Ludian will return to normal with the aid of all the people as soon as possible!