1、限时规范练22(必修4Unit 11B)核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、学习伟大科学家的思维意识限时规范练第44页一、阅读理解AGeorge Washington Carver was born sometime in the early mid-1860s.A sickly child,Carver was unable to work in the fields,so he did gardening.He was left with many free hours to walk in the woodsbeginning his career with nature.He soon
2、became known as the “Plant Doctor” and would help friends and neighbors manage sick plants.In 1890,Carver began to study music and art at Simpson College.His artwork was on show at the 1893 Worlds Fair.Painting gave him the chance to combine his two lovesart and nature.Yet it was his talents for gar
3、dening that took him in another direction in 1891.Carver became the first African-American to attend what is today Iowa State University.He proved to be a first-class student and upon graduation he became the schools first African-American teacher.In 1896,he received an invitation from Tuskegee Norm
4、al and Industrial School in Tuskegee,Alabama.Upon arriving,he found that the school was short of money so Dr.Carver had to equip his own lab.He and his students would search trash heaps (垃圾堆) for things to use.This proved that Dr.Carver was well ahead of his time.In 1916,he published a research repo
5、rt on peanuts,which helped many farmers turn to peanuts as a cash crop and saved the economy of the South when it was destroyed by the cotton insects attack.Carver continued his research with the peanut.He went on to find many uses for the peanut.But he didnt invent peanut butter (花生酱).Dr.Carvers re
6、search earned him much worldwide praise.Dr.George Washington Carver died on January 5,1943,and was buried at Tuskegee.Carver contributed his whole life savings to Tuskegee.Upon his death,Franklin D.Roosevelt gave him this title “an inspiring example to youth everywhere”.【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了植物学家George
7、Washington Carver的生平。1.How was Carvers childhood?A.He dreamed of being a doctor.B.He grew crops in the fields.C.He enjoyed good health.D.He took up gardening.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“he did gardening”可知,George Washington Carver年少时料理花园。2.How was Carvers performance during his education?A.Bad.B.Strange.C.Or
8、dinary.D.Excellent.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He proved to be a first-class student”可知,George Washington Carver在学校表现出色。3.What do we know about Carvers life in Tuskegee Normal and Industrial School?A.He was well paid by the school.B.He relied on himself to build his lab.C.He saved money by picking up trash.D
9、.He published his findings ahead of time.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Upon arriving,he found that the school was short of money so Dr.Carver had to equip his own lab”可知,George Washington Carver所在的学校没有足够的资金,因此他依靠自己的力量来建立实验室。4.What can be learned about Carvers report on peanuts?A.It made a contribution to the e
10、conomy.B.It included new findings on peanut butter.C.It prevented peanuts from insects attacking.D.It helped farmers find many other uses of peanuts.答案A解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In 1916,he published a research report on peanuts,which helped many farmers turn to peanuts as a cash crop and saved the economy o
11、f the South”可知,George Washington Carver的研究拯救了当时南方的经济危机。BIn the past few weeks Richard Eckersley has noticed a change in people who come into his shop.The previous Manchester United footballer,who turned his back on the game to set up the UKs first “zero waste” store on Totnes High Street in Devon,sa
12、ys it is no longer only environmentalists who came in,looking for a cleaner way to shop.“A lot of new people are coming in.We are getting calls every week from around the country from people wanting to set up something similar in their towns,” says Eckersley,who set up the Earth.Food.Love shop with
13、his wife Nicola in March 2017.More than 200 miles away,Ingrid Caldironi shares the enthusiasm.She set up the plastic-free Bulk Market in east London.“We have had an amazing response,” she says.Eckersley and Caldironi are at the head of an anti-plastic movement in the UK that has been fuelled by news
14、paper investigations including The Guardians Bottling It series and The Blue Planet television series.But their enthusiasm is not shared by big supermarkets,which have no interest in reducing their plastic waste.“For a nation of shopkeepers we are falling behind in this race,” says Sian Sutherland,f
15、ounder of the campaign A Plastic Planet which led the calls for plastic-free goods shelves.Wandering through supermarkets where everything is covered in plastic,Sutherland says action rather than words is needed.Her co-founder Frederikke Magnussen explains the origins of their campaign.“It started w
16、ith two unreasonable women who wanted choice and supermarkets are all about choice,right? I can buy sugar-free,fat-free,African food,Asian food,yet if I want to buy plastic-free it is impossible for me to do so.”Eckersley says,“After Willow,my daughter,was born,it made me think about what future lie
17、s ahead for her.I wanted to say that I at least tried,and I wanted to make a difference.”【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了Eckersley的环保商店以及很多像他一样的人为减少白色污染而做出的努力。5.What has happened to Richard Eckersleys business?A.It has spread worldwide.B.It is attracting large numbers of customers.C.It has received many complain
18、ts about its goods.D.It is facing fierce competition from other similar stores.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A lot of new people are coming in”可知,Richard Eckersley的商店吸引了众多消费者。6.What do we know about Ingrid Caldironi?A.She lost money on her business.B.She built a plastic-free store in Devon.C.She had little int
19、erest in waste reduction.D.She took part in an anti-plastic movement.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Eckersley and Caldironi are at the head of an anti-plastic movement in the UK”可知,Caldironi加入了抵制塑料制品的运动中。7.How have big supermarkets reacted to the plastic-free idea?A.They are giving up their original ideas.B.The
20、y are offering more choice.C.They show little concern for it.D.They support it.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But their enthusiasm is not shared by big supermarkets,which have no interest in reducing their plastic waste”可知,大超市对抵制塑料制品的做法并不关心。8.What led to the campaign A Plastic Planet?A.Customers need for plasti
21、c-free goods.B.Plastic coverings in supermarkets.C.The Blue Planet television series.D.Richard Eckersleys store.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It started with two unreasonable women who wanted choice”可知,A Plastic Planet运动来源于顾客对无塑料制品的需求。二、完形填空I was a single parent,raising my four-year-old son Daniel in Perth,A
22、ustralia with all my family based on the other side of the country.1the support of my sisters,aunties,uncles or grandparents,being on my own was terribly 2.Because my sons father lived in Perth,I couldnt move to live with my family.3Daniels father didnt see him often,it was important for him to be g
23、eographically close to his dad.Money was tight,and with almost no 4,I often felt 5and hopeless.One night,after a busy day at work,I raced to Daniels childcare centre to6him on time.After dinner,we went outside so Daniel could ride his bicycle.7his Batman costume,he was energetic as he 8proudly throu
24、gh Claremont towards the river.At the same time,I walked alongside feeling weighed down.I tried to keep a cheerful face,but inside I was 9.When we got to the river we walked down the pier (码头).There was an older man 10at the end and I had a slight 11that Daniel would disturb his 12and quiet by makin
25、g noise,so I told him to be quiet.As we 13,the man turned,smiled and asked,“Hows Batman this evening?”Daniel14told the man that Batman was good,thanks,before asking about the fish.I 15good behavior,and had been afraid we might be disturbing the man.16I couldnt have been more wrong.The kind man 17wit
26、h my son,and watching their conversations made my eyes 18.This lovely old gentleman was so 19and truly interested in Batman,my little boy,that I just wanted to cry.It was just20how this man gave my son the time of day.I will always be thankful for that.【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者独自一人带孩子,因经济拮据,而且没有家人的支持与帮助,感到难过和
27、孤独无助。与一位善良的老人的邂逅点亮了作者艰难的一天,让作者的内心充满了感动与感激。1.A.ExceptB.WithoutC.ForD.Through答案B解析根据上文“with all my family based on the other side of the country”和下文“being on my own”可知,作者没有家人的帮忙,只能靠自己。2.A.goodB.funC.hardD.simple答案C解析由该句中的“being on my own”以及下文中的“I often felt.hopeless”可知,“没有(Without)”家人的帮助和支持,独自一人带四岁的儿子
28、是异常“艰难的(hard)”。3.A.AlthoughB.SinceC.UnlessD.If答案A解析前后句之间表示让步关系,故用“尽管(Although)”。4.A.troubleB.helpC.patienceD.change答案B解析由上文中的“a single parent,.the support of my sisters”以及该空前的“Money was tight”可知,“我”几乎没有任何“帮助(help)”。5.A.calmB.youngC.specialD.unhappy答案D解析由该空后的hopeless以及下文中的“feeling weighed down”可知,“我”
29、经常感到“难过(unhappy)”和绝望。6.A.returnB.followC.collectD.encourage答案C解析由该空前的“I raced to Daniels childcare centre”可知,在忙了一整天的工作后,“我”飞奔到托儿所去按时“接(collect)”Daniel。7.A.WearingB.HidingC.SharingD.Controlling答案A解析由该空后的“his Batman costume”可知,Daniel“穿着(Wearing)”蝙蝠侠的衣服。8.A.walkedB.droveC.ranD.rode答案D解析由上文中的“we went ou
30、tside so Daniel could ride his bicycle”可知,Daniel自豪地“骑车(rode)”穿过Claremont,骑向河边。9.A.warmB.brokenC.excitedD.free答案B解析由上文中的“feeling weighed down”和“tried to keep a cheerful face”以及由but引起的转折可知,“我”极力想露出笑脸,但是内心却感到“很悲伤(broken)”。10.A.fishingB.boatingC.sailingD.swimming答案A解析由下一段中的“before asking about the fish”
31、可知,有一位老人在河边“钓鱼(fishing)”。11.A.hopeB.chanceC.excuseD.worry答案D解析由下文中的“Daniel would disturb his.and quiet by making noise”可知,“我”有些“担心(worry)”Daniel会发出噪音,打扰这位正在钓鱼的老人的安宁。12.A.lifeB.peaceC.restD.view答案B解析由该空后的quiet可知,此处指“我”担心Daniel会打扰这位老人的“平静(peace)”和安宁。13.A.turnedB.startedC.leftD.approached答案D解析由上文中的“we
32、walked down the pier”以及该空后的“the man turned,smiled and asked”可知,当我们“走近(approached)”时,这位老人转过身来,微笑着问Daniel:“蝙蝠侠今晚可好?”14.A.embarrassedlyB.sadlyC.proudlyD.carelessly答案C解析由上文中的“he was energetic as he.proudly through Claremont”以及该空后的“told the man that Batman was good,thanks”可知,Daniel“自豪地(proudly)”告诉那位老人蝙蝠侠
33、很好。15.A.ownB.acceptC.expectD.value答案D解析由下文中的“had been afraid we might be disturbing the man”可知,“我”很“重视(value)”良好的行为,一直担心我们可能会打扰到这位老人。16.A.YetB.SoC.ThenD.Still答案A解析由下文的描述以及作者的担忧可知,此处表示转折,“然而(Yet)”“我”大错特错。17.A.agreedB.competedC.stayedD.communicated答案D解析由下文中的“watching their conversations”可知,这位好心的老人并没有因
34、我们的到来而感到被打扰,反而与“我”的儿子“交谈(communicated)”起来。18.A.sleepyB.wideC.wateryD.bright答案C解析由下文中的“I just wanted to cry”可知,看到他们的交流,“我”很感动,眼眶不禁“湿润(watery)”了。19.A.generousB.friendlyC.independentD.honest答案B解析由上文中的The kind man以及该空后的“truly interested in Batman”可知,这位可爱的老人非常“友好(friendly)”,而且对“蝙蝠侠”“我”的儿子表示出极大的兴趣,这让“我”不禁
35、想哭。20.A.impossibleB.uncertainC.unforgettableD.unusual答案C解析由下文中的“I will always be thankful for that”可知,这位老人的善举让“我”非常“难忘(unforgettable)”。三、短文改错Last Friday morning in the train station,I was witnessed something that moved me deeply.Right as I walk out into the main hall on way to my next connection,I s
36、aw a woman put something next to a sleeping homeless man.I felt curiously and I wondered if she had put some cashes there.Instead,I saw a sandwich.It made this moment so touching to me was that it was not about recognition,but to help a person with need and make his life just a bit more bearable.This made me realized it really is the smallest thing which can make a difference.Im luck to get to see such little acts of kindness.答案第一句:去掉was第二句:walkwalked;way前加the 或my第三句:curiouslycurious;cashescash第五句:ItWhat;within第六句:realizedrealize;whichthat第七句:lucklucky
