1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。课时作业提升练 十五必修3Module 3(建议用时35分钟). 阅读理解A(2017大庆模拟)According to the UN Intergovernmental Panel(专家咨询组)on Climate Change, global temperatures have risen by approximately 0. 6 in the past century, caused mainly by emissions of greenhouse gases
2、produced by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. Temperatures are to increase between 1. 6and 5. 8in the next century, accompanied by sea level rise and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. The best available evidence suggests that climate chang
3、es since the 1970s may already be causing over 150, 000 deaths annually, and that greenhouse gas emissions would increase disease burdens in the coming decades. The risks are concentrated in the poorest population, who have contributed least to the problem. The Kyoto Protocol(京都议定书)is signed by 128
4、nations, and commits the participating industrialized countries to cutting emissions of greenhouse gases by over 5% below 1990 level by the period of 20082012. “Over 600 thousand people died in weather-related disasters in the 1990s. Temperature and rainfall influence the rates of diseases and infec
5、tions including malaria, and malnutrition, which together cause over 3. 5 million deaths a year. The Kyoto Protocol is the first step towards protecting the climate system, which exerts such a strong influence on our health”, said Dr Kerstin Leitner, Assistant Director General for Sustainable Develo
6、pment and Healthy Environments. While acting to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is also essential to protect vulnerable(脆弱的)communities from the effects of climate changes. WHO works to promote measures such as protection from malaria and other climate sensitive diseases, and reliable access to
7、clean water and sanitation, for people in the most vulnerable developing countries. Increasing disease control efforts will also help to protect current and future generations from the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions. 【文章大意】这是一篇关于气候变化的文章。人类的某些行为导致的气候变化会危害人类自身, 我们要采取必要的措施来拯救我们自己。1. According to t
8、he passage, what is the reason for the rise of global temperatures? A. The burning of fossil fuels. B. The rise of sea level. C. Extreme weather disasters. D. The emissions of greenhouse gases. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“global temperatures have risen. . . emissions of greenhouse gases”可知, D项正确。A项是产生温室气体的
9、行为之一, 故可排除。2. Which of the following is true? A. Weather-related disasters caused over 3. 5 million deaths. B. The climate system has a deep impact on human health. C. The members of the Kyoto Protocol are all industrialized countries. D. The poorest population are to blame because they contribute l
10、east to the problem. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。A项与文章第四段中的“Over 600 thousand people died in weather-related disasters. . . which together cause over 3. 5 million deaths a year”不符; C项意为“京都议定书”成员国都是工业化的国家, 与文章第三段的内容不符; D项与文章第二段的最后一句话不符。根据第四段中的“The Kyoto Protocol. . . on our health”可知选B项。3. In order to protect commu
11、nities, WHO takes some measures except_. A. preventing diseases caused by climate changesB. helping to provide clean waterC. aiding to offer sanitationD. gaining access to vulnerable developing countries【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“such as protection. . . sanitation”和“Increasing disease control efforts”可知A
12、、B、C三项正确。D项错误。4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Climate changes and the effects on human health. B. Climate changes cause over 15, 000 deaths annually. C. WHO promotes measures such as protection from malaria. D. The Kyoto Protocol helps to protect human health. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知, B
13、、C、D项均是文中某一方面的内容, 比较片面, A项最能概括文章大意。BThe earthquake affected the students of the destroyed areas in many ways: losing parents, being scared and feeling lonely. How can we help them? Teens reporter talked with Lin Dan, the program director of the Sunshine in Your Heart Project at the Red Cross Society
14、 of China. How will the earthquake affect the teenagers mentally? Theyll have feelings of fear, anger and feel they are not safe. They will find it hard to focus. They will tend to cry and shout and tremble. And they might be afraid to be alone. What will happen if they are not helped? The teenagers
15、 will find it hard to live in a balanced way. If things get worse, they might not be able to focus on their studies. They might give up on life. How can we help them overcome these problems? The first thing is to build up trust with them. Show your sympathy and sadness, and be their friends. Then yo
16、u have to give them a sense of safety. Tell them that theres a solution to every problem. Thirdly, try to satisfy their psychological needs. Be a good listener if he or she needs to talk. Some of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared. What should the
17、y do? Talk with an adult or share their feelings with someone who might feel similar. If this doesnt help, then they should see a doctor for professional help. 【文章大意】文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区学生们的伤痛、恐惧等心理问题。5. Whats the best title for the passage? A. The Scare Caused by the EarthquakeB. Dealing with the Pain L
18、eft behind after the EarthquakeC. How to Get a Sense of SafetyD. The Psychological Needs【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区学生们的伤痛、恐惧等心理问题。6. The underlined word“psychological”in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to“_”. A. mentalB. physicalC. materialD. professional【解析】选A。词义猜测题。文章主要讲了地震给灾区的学生们造成的心理、精神问题以及如何
19、消除这种心理、精神问题, 故我们也要尽力满足他们的心理或精神需求。mental精神的; physical身体的, 物理的; material物质的; professional专业的。7. From the passage, we can infer that_. A. the scare caused by the earthquake can be relieved quicklyB. seeing a doctor is the most important measure to deal with the problemsC. the images on TV can also affe
20、ct people and even cause problemsD. to help them overcome these problems, we should always talk with them【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的Some of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared. 可知应选C。8. When helping them overcome the problems, we need not_. A. build u
21、p trust with themB. give them a sense of safetyC. solve every problem they have for themD. be a good listener if they need to talk【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第七段可知C项与“Tell them that theres a solution to every problem. ”不符。【知识拓展】话题词汇再现1. scaredadj. 害怕的2. mentally adv. 精神上; 智力上; 心理上3. sympathyn. 同情; 同情心4. soluti
22、onn. 解决办法; 解答; 5. satisfyv. 使满意; 满足6. imagen. 印象; 形象; 影像7. professional adj. 职业的; 专业的; 专门的n. 专业人员. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Of the many unpleasant emotions we can experience, fear may top the list. 1Fear can also keep us from pursuing the things in life that really matterlike fo
23、llowing our dreams, and developing important relationships. I have some ideas, though, of how to be free from fear. Experience fear. I used to be very afraid of speaking in front of people. I would get sweaty palms and my stomach would be so tied up that I wouldnt be able to eat. However, each time
24、I spoke, I noticed afterwards that it wasnt that bad. Things I fear are never as bad in reality as I make them out in my mind. 2Create space. The first and most important step to being fearless is to create some space between ourselves and the emotion of fear. This isnt accomplished by ignoring the
25、fear, or trying to talk ourselves out of it. 3In fact, a recent research shows that by simply admitting the emotion we actually begin to reverse the“fight or flight(逃避)”response in the body. Control the breathing and feel the fear. Once we acknowledge the presence of fear, the second step is to cont
26、rol the breathing so that it becomes slower and gentler. We try to make the breath just a little bit longer, and feel how fear manifests(展现)in the body. 4With practice, we can create enough space between us and the emotion of fear so that were able to replace a fearful thought with a positive one. 5
27、For instance, before I get up to speak in front of a group of people, I imagine that the audience is positively impressed by what Isay and that I manage to complete the speech successfully. A. But fear is more than just physically unpleasant. B. Fear, if left uncontrolled, can even destroy our life.
28、 C. We can imagine a positive outcome for whatever were about to do. D. When we can see a positive outcome in our mind, fear no longer holds us back. E. Space is created only when we can honestly acknowledge that fear exists. F. As we pay attention to the physical symptoms of fear, we can see fear o
29、bjectively. G. So one way to get rid of fear is to simply push ourselves to do things that we fear. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了克服恐惧感的几种方法。1.【解析】选A。从后面一句“恐惧也会阻止我们追求生活中重要的事情”可断定, 这句也是说的恐惧的危害, 而F项中的more than(不仅仅)也正好与下句中的also对应。2.【解析】选G。因为这段说的是要去经历恐惧, 所以只有G项与这段内容搭配。意为“所以我们克服恐惧感的一个办法是迫使我们自己去做我们感到恐惧的事”。3.【解析】选E。因为这一段的小
30、标题是Create space(创造空间), E项正好与此匹配。意为“只有当我们诚实地承认恐惧感存在的时候才能制造这样的空间”。4.【解析】选F。由于前面的句子说的是通过控制呼吸来感知这种恐惧, 所以接下来就应该是感知之后会怎样, 而F项正好与此匹配。5.【解析】选C。从后面所举例子可知这儿要表达的是对于要做的事先想象积极的结果。. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线()画掉。修
31、改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。I often go to see my grandma or grandpa during my summer vacation. They are all seventy years old and lived in the country happily. Summer view of the countryside is very beautiful. I can do many interested things there. I
32、am used to getting up early in the morning, breathing in the fresh air, listen to the birds singing, and enjoying the green trees. I also like red flower and the river. I like fishing with my friends. When night comes, I sit under tree with my grandma, listening to her telling me many funny stories
33、and I tell them some new things happening in the city. When I have to go back, I am always reluctant to go. I real feel happy to live in the country. 答案: 1.【解析】第一句中orand。此处表示并列关系而非选择。2.【解析】第二句中allboth。根据上文可知, 此处表示“爷爷奶奶”两个人。all指代“三者或三者以上”。3.【解析】第二句中livedlive。通览全文可知, 本文采用一般现在时叙述经常做的事情。4.【解析】第四句中intere
34、stedinteresting。-ing形式的形容词修饰物, -ed形式的形容词修饰人。5.【解析】第五句中breathing后的in去掉。breathe为及物动词, 其后直接跟宾语, breathe the fresh air意为“呼吸新鲜空气”。6.【解析】第五句中listenlistening。此处为现在分词短语作状语, 与breathing及后面的and enjoying. . . 并列。【规律方法】对于动词形式的考查是短语改错的重中之重, 考生要从动词的时态、语态、谓语和非谓语等角度进行考虑。尤其是关注句中连词的使用情况, 很有可能成为解决问题的突破口。7.【解析】第六句中flowerflowers。flower为可数名词, 此处应用复数形式。8.【解析】第八句tree前加定冠词the。sit under the tree意为“坐在树下”, 此处表示特指。9.【解析】第八句中themher。根据句意可知, 这里表述的是发生在“我”和奶奶之间的故事, 故用第三人称单数形式。10.【解析】第十句中realreally。此处副词really修饰动词feel。关闭Word文档返回原板块