1、重庆市南开中学2021届高三英语12月第四次教学质量检测试试题（含解析）第一部分 听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Where are the girls shoes now?AIn the garage. BIn the cupboard. CBy the back door.2What is the woman
2、going to do on Sunday?AGo to the beach with the man.BHave a dinner with her family.CReceive some guests at home.3How much will the woman pay for the skirt?A 35. B 30. C 20.4Who is the man most likely to be?AA dressmaker. BA shop assistant. CA dress designer.5Why was the plane late?AOne engine needed
3、 repairing. BSomeone was badly ill. CThe weather was bad.第二节（共15小题）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6Where will the boy meet Ben?AAt the youth club. BAt the library. CIn the park.7What will the boy do first?APla
4、y table tennis. BWork on the bike. CGo to the library.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8What is the conversation mainly about?AA dinner plan. BA nice restaurant. CA delicious dish.9What will the speakers probably do next?ASurf the Internet. BOrder some food. CMake a phone call.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10When can the listener
5、s hear the program?AAt 2:00. BAt 3:00. CAt 4:00.11What does the man mainly talk about?AA rocket. BA journey. CAn engine.12What can the listeners hear next?AThe woman will interview Dr. Green.BDr. Green will tell us a special rocket.CA scientist will explain how the scramjet engine works.听第9段材料，回答第13
6、至16题。13How far is the nearest store away from the Clunes?A6 kilometers. B16 kilometers. C60 kilometers.14Why did the mother find it difficult to live?AThe weather there was so toughBShe missed her friends in the city.CShe had to do housework with hands.15What did the children need to do?ALook after
7、the animals. BClean the house. CBuild the house.16What is the childrens change after the experience?AThey begin to do housework at weekends.BThey realize what is important to them.CThey think modern life is so boring.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17Where does the speaker come from?ACanada. BEngland. CThailand.1
8、8How does the speaker view the English lessons in schools?AThey are not special. BThey are not enough. CThey are not interesting.19In what way are the speakers English programs different?AThey are designed in various styles.BThey are broadcast live every day.CThey are based on the computer.20What do
9、es the speaker expect people to do?AAttend their English classes.BPractice their English every day.CWatch English movies and TV shows.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节）第一节（共15小题）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题上将该项涂黑。AWomen Whose Inventions Changed LifeRachel Zimmerman-Blissymbol Printer (1984)At the age of 12,
10、Zimmerman invented the Blissymbol Printer, which helps people with physical disabilities communicate via symbols that get translated into written language. What began as a project for a school science fair ended up competing at the World Exhibition of Achievement of Young Inventors. Zimmerman now wo
11、rks at NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where she develops innovations combining space technology and assistive intelligence.Olga D. Gonzalez-SanabriaLong Cycle-Life Nickel-Hydrogen Batteries (1987)Director of the Systems Management Office and the highest ranking Hispanic at NASA Glenn Research Cente
12、r, Gonzalez-Sanabria played a critical role in the development of the Long Cycle-Life Nickel-Hydrogen Batteries which help enable the International Space Station power system. She has since won the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal and the NASA Exceptional Service Medal.Ann Tsukamoto-Stem Cell Isola
13、tion (分离) (1991)Tsukamoto and her colleagues were the first scientists to identify and isolate blood-forming stem cells. Patented in 1991-the first of 12 patents related to her research-Tsukamoto has furthered her research and thanks to her, bone marrow transplants (骨髓移植) have saved the lives of tho
14、usands of people battling blood cancer.Donna Strickland-Chirped Pulse Amplification (2018)The third woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physics, Strickland, along with Dr. Gerard Mourou of France, has significantly advanced the science of lasers (激光). They developed a technology for creating short, powe
15、rful laser pulses. The technique, called Chirped Pulse Amplification, has been used in corrective eye surgeries.1. What can we know about the invention developed in 1987?A. It is the inventors first of 12 patents.B. It is used in the International Space Station.C. It can translate symbols into writt
16、en languages.D. It connects space technology with assistive intelligence.2. Whose invention inspired a cure for blood cancer?A. Ann Tsukamotos.B. Donna Stricklands.C. Rachel Zimmermans.D. Olga D. Gonzalez-Sanabrias.3. Which invention may benefit those with poor eyesight?A. Blissymbol Printer.B. Stem
17、 Cell Isolation.C. Chirped Pulse Amplification.D. Long Cycle-life Nickel-Hydrogen Batteries.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位女性的发明创造改变了我们的生活。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Director of the Systems Management Office and the highest ranking Hispanic at NASA Glenn Research Center, Gonzalez-Sanabria played a
18、 critical role in the development of the Long Cycle-Life Nickel-Hydrogen Batteries which help enable the International Space Station power system.( Gonzalez-Sanabria是系统管理办公室主任，也是美国宇航局格伦研究中心级别最高的西班牙裔，她在“长周期镍氢电池”的开发中发挥了关键作用，这有助于实现国际空间站的电力系统。)”可知，Gonzalez-Sanabria的发明被用于国际空间站。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Pat
19、ented in 1991-the first of 12 patents related to her research-Tsukamoto has furthered her research and thanks to her, bone marrow transplants (骨髓移植) have saved the lives of thousands of people battling blood cancer.( Tsukamoto于1991年获得专利她的研究涉及12项专利中的第一项进一步推进了她的研究，由于她的努力，骨髓移植挽救了成千上万与血癌抗争的人的生命。)”可知，Ann
20、 Tsukamoto发明有助于治疗血癌。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The technique, called Chirped Pulse Amplification, has been used in corrective eye surgeries.(这项技术被称为啁啾脉冲放大技术，已被用于眼科矫正手术。)”可知，啁啾脉冲放大技术可以使视力不好的人受益。故选C。BSeveral years ago, Chris Williams was driving home on a Wednesday night in Conroe, Texas, just like he al
21、ways did. “It was dark and raining hard, and I could barely make out two people walking on the road,” he recalled. Born and raised in Louisiana, Williams often watched his father go out of his way to help people in trouble. So he did something his dad would have done. He asked the two women if they
22、needed a ride.They jumped in, and Williams learned why they were walking. Their truck had been in the repair shop for nearly three months. “I asked the woman who owned the truck why it was in the shop so long, and the woman hung her head and told me, I cant afford to fix it,” Williams continued.Will
23、iams had always dreamed of opening his own auto repair garage that would help women in need. “Right then and there, I decided I needed to figure out a way to get my dream of opening a free garage off the ground,” he said.As a father of two girls, Williams had a calling to help single moms, widows an
24、d military wives. Williams borrowed money and asked people he knew for donations to start his new career, and several months later, he opened The Garage, a nonprofit that repairs vehicles for women in need-at no cost. The organization gives renewed vehicles away, too.Williams understood the economic
25、 difficulty being carless can cause, and how his nonprofit could help. “Car repairs can be expensive, and where I live, its very rural.” Williams explained. “So if you dont have a car, you cant get a job. And if you dont have a job, you cant buy a car. Its a cruel dilemma.”The Garage ended that dile
26、mma for a whole lot of women in the surrounding community last year. The nonprofit gave away 146 vehicles and repaired 127. One of those recipients was Jeanne McGowan. “Several years ago, I became ill and could not maintain my job and I lost my car because I could not work,” she told a local TV repo
27、rter. “Im thrilled to be a receiver of one of their cars.”4. Why did Williams give the two women a lift?A. He was asked to lend a hand.B. He was doing some voluntary work.C. He wanted to follow his fathers footsteps.D. He was going to the same destination as theirs.5. What do the underlined words “o
28、ff the ground” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. At a loss.B. In progress.C. Out of sight.D. Beyond reach.6. What do we know about The Garage?A It was set up by Williams for his daughters.B. It has donated 127 vehicles to those in need.C. It helps poor women repair their vehicles for free.D. It has wo
29、n financial support from the government.7. What did McGowan mean by her words?A. She expected local TV to do her a favor.B. She was seriously ill after losing her job.C. She was excited to have a car from The Garage.D. She determined to donate her old car to the poor.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C【解析】本文是一篇
30、记叙文。文章主要介绍了Chris Williams开设了一个非营利组织，为有需要的女性免费修理汽车，该组织还赠送了更新的车辆。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Born and raised in Louisiana, Williams often watched his father go out of his way to help people in trouble. So he did something his dad would have done.(出生和长大在路易斯安那州，威廉姆斯经常看到他的父亲去帮助有困难的人。于是他做了一件他父亲会做的事)”可知，Williams想追
31、随父亲的脚步去帮助有困难的人。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段及下文的内容得知Williams的梦想是开一家免费的汽车修理厂，并且他的梦想实现了，所以猜测off the ground是“开始，起步”的意思，故与“in progress”意思相近。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第四段“Williams borrowed money and asked people he knew for donations to start his new career, and several months later, he opened The Garage, a nonprofi
32、t that repairs vehicles for women in need-at no cost.(Williams借了钱，向他认识的人寻求捐款，以开始他的新事业。几个月后，他开设了The Garage，这是一个非营利组织，为有需要的女性修理汽车，而且没有任何费用)”可知，Williams开设 The Garage是为了帮助贫困妇女免费修车。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“I am thrilled to be a receiver of one of their cars.(能成为他们的一辆车的接受者，我感到非常激动)”可知，McGowan能从The Garage那
33、里得到一辆车感到很激动。故选C。CWhat if the Moon had never existed? For starters we know that the geophysical and climatological history of the Earth would have been different. Although there is still large uncertainty about how the Moon was formed, the most currently favored theory describes a disastrous collisio
34、n between the Earth and another planetary object.That event forever changed many aspects of the Earths evolution. For example, with a relatively large natural satellite putting gravitational tidal forces (潮汐力) on it, the Earths spin behavior has been quite different than it would have been otherwise
35、. Day length has increased more rapidly than without a moon. And the natural changes in the direction of the Earths spin axis (轴)-its poles-have been less than they would have been otherwise. A shorter day length and axial variations like these would have changed the Earths climate history, and almo
36、st certainly have changed the way any life evolved.But if a species like us had still appeared, its landscape for space exploration would also have been completely different. Without a large natural satellite, a mere quarter of a million miles away, there would have been no easy trip to make to anot
37、her world. If there had been a first human mission to another world, it would likely have been to Mars. But this would surely have called for far more extensive designing of spacecraft and life-support systems for deep space. Perhaps instead the initial focus would have been entirely on Earth-orbiti
38、ng equipment for people and robotic missions to other worlds. Or, maybe the attraction of the seemingly near impossible would still have encouraged these humans from an alternate reality to take the great leap to Mars as their first step outwards.It is of course, impossible to know exactly what our
39、world would really be like without the Moon-both physically, and in terms of human exploration. But one thing does seem clear: we probably take our natural satellites existence far too much for granted. Not every inhabited planet in the universe will have its own ready-made gateway to the universe.8
40、. Why does the author use the question at the very beginning?A. To introduce the widely accepted theory.B. To mention the destructive collision.C. To prove a wrong assumption.D. To attract readers interest.9. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?A. Compare day lengths in different climat
41、es.B. Introduce the evolution of life on the Earth.C. Explain why the Earths spin behavior remains.D. Show how the Moon greatly influences the Earth.10. What does the underlined word this in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The Earths evolution.B. The mission to Mars.C. The trip to the Moon.D. Earth-orbiting
42、 equipment.11. Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To call on people to study the Earth.B. To stress the significance of the Moon.C. To speak highly of human exploration.D. To prove assumptions about moonless Earth.【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章强调了月球对地球的重大影响和重要性。【详解】1.推理判断题
43、。根据第一段“What if the Moon had never existed? For starters we know that the geophysical and climatological history of the Earth would have been different. Although there is still large uncertainty about how the Moon was formed, the most currently favored theory describes a disastrous collision between
44、the Earth and another planetary object.”（如果月球从未存在过呢?首先，我们知道地球的地球物理和气候学历史会有所不同。尽管月球是如何形成的还存在很大的不确定性，但目前最受欢迎的理论描述了地球和另一个行星物体之间的灾难性碰撞。）可知，作者做出假设“如果没有月球，地球会如何”以及讨论月球的形成原因从而引起读者兴趣。故选D。2.推理判断题。第二段中作者描述了月球改变了地球进化的各个方面，并且举了例子。再根据最后一句“A shorter day length and axial variations like these would have changed th
45、e Earths climate history, and almost certainly have changed the way any life has evolved.”（像这样更短的白昼长度和轴向变化将会改变地球的气候历史，几乎肯定会改变任何生命进化的方式。）可知，第二段作者是想描述月亮对地球的影响有多大。故选D。3.词义猜测题。根据第三段第三句“ If there had been a first human mission to another world, it would likely have been to Mars. ”（如果人类第一次去另一个世界执行任务的话，很可能
46、是去火星。）可知this指“去火星的任务”，故选B。4.主旨大意题。文中前三段的假设皆在说明月球对地球和人类很重要，最后一段强调没有月球的世界难以想象。所以作者是想要强调月球的重要性。故选B项。DFaster, cheaper, better-technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future. But as the 2020s dawn, optimism is in short supply. The new technologies that dominated the
47、past decade seem to be making things worse. Social media were supposed to bring people together, but they are better known for leaking privacy. E-commerce, ride-hailing (网约车) and the gig economy (零工经济) may be convenient, but they are charged with underpaying workers, worsening inequality and blockin
48、g the streets with vehicles.Todays pessimistic mood is centered on smart phones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism against cars, which had earlier been seen as
49、 an answer to the problems caused by horse-drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and animal waste and caused accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers, the robbing of the countryside and the suff
50、ering of factory hands.However, that pessimism can be overdone. Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be weighed against the much more substantial benefits of convenient communication and the instant access
51、 to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. A further danger is that Luddite (反对技术进步者) efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits-something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a technolog
52、y trap. Fears that robots will steal peoples jobs may discourage their use. Yet in the long run countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer.Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people
53、make about it that shape the world. Perhaps the real source of anxiety is not technology itself, but growing doubts about the ability of societies to hold this debate, and come up with good answers. So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-obsessed 2020s
54、is to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived.12. What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 1?A. The seriousness of social inequality.B. The rapid development of technology.C. Problems brought by personal privacy leaks.D. Worries about the influence of new technologies.13. Which word can be
55、st describe Romantics concern over industrialization?A. Negative.B. Uncertain.C. Sympathetic.D. Enthusiastic.14. What might be a result of a technology trap?A. A lack of good jobs in the job market.B. An increase in the number of Luddites.C. A decrease in the number of skilled workers.D. An interrup
56、tion to the advancement of a new technology.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Pessimism vs ProgressB. Technology vs CivilizationC. 2020s: The Age of TechnologyD. Robots: Our Future Caretakers【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者从近些年火热起来的电子商务，网约车，零点经济等入手，介绍了科技给人们带来巨大便利的同时也使很多人感到担忧，从而
57、提出人们如何选择和使用科技才是使社会进步的关键。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段后三句“Social media were supposed to bring people together, but they are better known for leaking privacy. E-commerce, ride-hailing (网约车) and the gig economy (零工经济) may be convenient, but they are charged with underpaying workers, worsening inequality and blocki
58、ng the streets with vehicles.”（社交媒体本应将人们团结在一起，但它们更出名的是泄露隐私。电子商务、网约车和零工经济或许很方便，但它们都被指控给工人支付了较低的工资，加剧了不平等，还用车辆堵塞了街道。）可知，第一段中提到了新媒体泄露隐私信息，网约车阻塞街道，电子商务缺乏公平，工人报酬低等问题，从而对新技术所产生的影响表示担忧。故选D。2.观点态度题。根据第二段最后一句“And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacem
59、ent of skilled workers, the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands.”（在19世纪，浪漫主义者批评工业化，他们担心技术工人的替代，农村的掠夺和工厂工人的痛苦。）可知浪漫主义者对工业化的态度是消极的。故选A。3.推理判断题。根据第三段“A further danger is that Luddite (反对技术进步者) efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up d
60、enying access to its long-term benefits-something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a technology trap. Fears that robots will steal peoples jobs may discourage their use. Yet in the long run countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will
61、 need more robots, not fewer.”（更严重的危险是，路德派试图避免与新技术相关的短期成本，最终会阻碍其长期利益的获得牛津大学学者卡尔贝内迪克特弗雷称之为“技术陷阱”。对机器人会抢走人类工作的担心可能会阻碍机器人的使用。然而，从长远来看，那些希望随着劳动力老龄化和劳动力缩减而维持其生活水平的国家将需要更多的机器人，而不是更少。）可知，人们虽然担忧机器人会使很多人失业，但是从长期来看，机器人有助于改善人们的生活水平，社会需要更多的机器人，而“技术陷阱”反对机器人的应用，进而会阻碍机器人技术的进步，由此可知，“技术陷阱”可能会导致一项新技术进展的中断，故选D项。4.主旨大意
62、题。根据最后一段“Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. ”（任何强大的技术都可能被用于好的地方或坏的地方。人们做出的选择塑造了这个世界。）可知，作者从近些年火热起来的电子商务，网约车，零点经济等入手，介绍了科技给人们带来巨大便利的同时也使很多人感到担忧，从而提出人们如何选择和使用科技才是使社会进步的关键。故选A。第二节（共5小题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
63、项。Have you ever had a chat with Siri? Do you ask Google to play your favorite song? Have you ever had Alexa order a pizza for dinner? _16_Voice assistants are programs on digital devices that listen and respond to verbal (口头的) commands. Users can say, Whats the weather like? and the voice assistant
64、will answer with the weather report for that day and location. They could say, Tell me a story, and the assistant will jump into a tale. But how do voice assistants understand us? A complex system of codes? An actual person listening on the other end? _17_It all starts with a signal word. Have you e
65、ver called a friends name to get their attention? Users say the names of their voice assistants for the same reason. They might say. Hey Siri! or simply, Alexa! _18_ It signals to the voice assistant that it should begin paying attention.After the voice assistant hears its signal word, it starts rec
66、ording. The device waits for a pause to know youve finished your request. It then sends your recorded request over the Internet to its database. Once in the database, your request is compared to other requests. _19_ The database then sends these commands back to the voice assistant. Once it receives
67、 the commands, the voice assistant knows what to do next.Voice assistants are improving all the time. Have you ever asked a voice assistant for something and received results you didnt expect? _20_ That teaches the device that the command it received from its database was wrong. It communicates that
68、 with the database and tries to do better next time.A. The battle for voice assistant market share is fierce.B. Whatever the signal word is, it wakes up the device.C. The answer is less complicated than you might think.D. Voice assistants are inside smart speakers in our homes.E. Each time this happ
69、ens, the voice assistant learns from its mistake.F. Todays voice assistants can help you out with just about anything.G. Its split into separate commands your voice assistant can understand.【答案】16. F 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语音助手的工作原理。【16题详解】根据前文“Have you ever had a chat with Siri?
70、 Do you ask Google to play your favorite song? Have you ever had Alexa order a pizza for dinner? (你跟Siri聊过吗?你让谷歌播放你最喜欢的歌曲吗?你有没有让Alexa点披萨当晚餐?)”可知，语音助理可以帮助做很多事情，正好引出下文的内容。下文说语音助理是如何帮助我们做事情的。所以选择项F“Todays voice assistants can help you out with just about anything.(今天的语音助手几乎可以帮助你解决任何问题。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。【17
71、题详解】根据上文“But how do voice assistants understand us? A complex system of codes? An actual person listening on the other end? (但是语音助手是如何理解我们的呢?一套复杂的密码系统?一个真实的人在电话那头听吗?)”可知，下面是对这一系列问题的回答。所以选择项C“The answer is less complicated than you might think. (答案并没有你想象的那么复杂。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据本段首句“It all starts
72、 with a signal word.( 这一切都始于一个信号词。)”和整个段落可知，本段都在说信号。所以选择项B“Whatever the signal word is, it wakes up the device. (不管信号字是什么，它都会唤醒设备。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“signal word”与首句中的“signal word”相一致。故选B。【19题详解】本段主要是描述语音助理是如何处理命令的。根据后句“The database then sends these commands back to the voice assistant.(然后数据库将这些命令发送回语音助
73、手。)”可知，命令被拆分，从而使语音助理能够理解。所以选择项G“Its split into separate commands your voice assistant can understand. (它被分成你的语音助手可以理解的不同命令。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“commands”与后句中的“commands”相一致。故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“That teaches the device that the command it received from its database was wrong. It communicates that with the datab
74、ase and tries to do better next time. (这会告诉设备，它从数据库接收到的命令是错误的。它与数据库进行沟通，并试图在下一次做得更好。)”可知，这里主要讲语音助理是如何改正错误的。所以选择项E“Each time this happens, the voice assistant learns from its mistake. (每次发生这种情况，语音助手都会从错误中吸取教训。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“its mistake”与后句文的“its database was wrong”相一致。故选E。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节）第一节 完形填空（共2
75、0小题）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。This might be the most magical way to lose weight.A California resident _21_ how he lost 150 pounds: by going to Disneyland. After a major health _22_, his then-girlfriend-now-wife suggested taking long walks around the popular amusement _2
76、3_.Mark Gautier had just _24_ from a two-week coma (昏迷) when he got some _25_ news from his doctor. The doctor said, You really need to do something or youre not going to _26_ much long. After the time, he weighed 400 pounds and his kidneys (肾) were reportedly _27_. His situation was so _28_ that do
77、ctors had once given up on him.In order to get the _29_ he needed, his girlfriend suggested that they _30_ to Disneyland and _31_ walk around.The first two times that I came to Disneyland just to walk around it was _32_ because I wasnt used to walking, Gautier said. Then after about two weeks, I _33
78、_ the place. At length, he was walking seven miles a day through the park. _34_ exercise, Gautier also changed his eating habits.It wasnt so much that we changed what we ate; it was the _35_ of food that we ate, he explained. We cut down on everything, Gautier said. This _36_ him to still eat foods
79、like turkey legs and corn dogs.It took Gautier about five years to lose 150 pounds using this _37_. Now, hes married, has a daughter and _38_ works for Disneyland as a houseman at their hotel. Hes also taking _39_ of the Disney Aspire education program to get his bachelors degree, and _40_, masters
80、degree.21. A. imaginedB. wonderedC. observedD. exposed22. A. scareB. technologyC. benefitD. service23 A. companyB. clubC. shopD. park24. A. separatedB. recoveredC. originatedD. learned25. A. controversialB. amusingC. shockingD. useful26. A. waitB. lastC. hideD. rest27. A. missingB. shotC. failingD.
81、recorded28. A. seriousB. regularC. similarD. ridiculous29. A. permissionB. knowledgeC. fortuneD. exercise30. A. agreeB. headC. moveD. compare31. A. hardlyB. especiallyC. graduallyD. simply32. A. uniqueB. toughC. popularD. realistic33. A. fell forB. came acrossC. cleaned upD. picked out34. A. Instead
82、 ofB. But forC. Aside fromD. Regardless of35. A. quantityB. qualityC. typeD. safety36. A. forcedB. persuadedC. allowedD. inspired37. A. explanationB. methodC. researchD. standard38. A. actuallyB. suddenlyC. naturallyD. secretly39. A. placeB. holdC. careD. advantage40. A. previouslyB. traditionallyC.
83、 eventuallyD. uncertainly【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mark Gautier因为肥胖被医生宣判活不了多久了，在女朋友的帮助下坚持在迪士尼乐园散步并减少饮食，最终减掉150磅体重，重获健康。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位加州居民透露了他是如何减掉150磅体重的：去迪士尼乐园。 A. imagined想象；
84、B. wondered想知道；C. observed观察；D. exposed暴露。expose透露，揭示。根据“how he lost 150 pounds: by going to Disneyland”得知，此处讲他透露了减掉150磅的方法。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次严重的健康恐慌之后，他当时的女友(现在的妻子)建议他去人气很旺的游乐园散步。A. scare害怕；B. technology技术；C. benefit好处；D. service服务。根据“his then-girlfriend-now-wife suggested taking long walks
85、 around the popular amusement _3_.”可知，妻子害怕健康出问题，建议他去Disneyland多走路。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次严重的健康恐慌之后，他当时的女友(现在的妻子)建议他去人气很旺的游乐园散步。A. company公司；B. club俱乐部；C. shop商店；D. park公园。根据“his girlfriend suggested that they _10_ to Disneyland and _11_ walk around.”可知，迪士尼乐园是游乐园。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mark Gautie
86、r刚刚从两周的昏迷中恢复过来，他从医生那里得到了一个令人震惊的消息。A. separated分开；B. recovered恢复；C. originated起初；D. learned学习。recover from从恢复。Mark从两个星期的昏迷当中恢复过来就听到来自医生的消息。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mark Gautier昏迷了两周，刚从医生那里得到一个令人震惊的消息。A. controversial有争议性的；B. amusing有趣的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. useful有用的。根据“The doctor said, “You really need
87、 to do something or youre not going to _6_ much long.”可知，医生所说的话足以让Mark Gautier震惊。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生说，“你真的需要做点什么，否则你活不了多久了。”A. wait等待；B. last持续；C. hide隐藏；D. rest休息。根据“His situation was so _8_ that doctors had once given up on him.”可知，Mark Gautier病情很严重，医生认为他活不了多久了。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，他的
88、体重达到了400磅，据报道，他的肾脏正在衰竭。A. missing错过；B. shot发射；C. failing衰竭；D. recorded记录。根据“His situation was so _8_ that doctors had once given up on him.” Mark Gautier病情很严重，肾脏正在衰竭。 故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的情况非常严重，医生们一度对他不抱希望了。A. serious严重的；B. regular有规律的；C. similar相似的；D. ridiculous可笑的。根据“doctors had once given u
89、p on him.”可知，Mark Gautier病情很严重。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了得到他需要的锻炼，他的女朋友建议他们去迪斯尼乐园，只是四处走走。A. permission允许；B. knowledge知识；C. fortune命运；D. exercise锻炼。根据“his girlfriend suggested that they _10_ to Disneyland and _11_ walk around.”女朋友建议去走路而达到锻炼效果。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了得到他需要的锻炼，他的女朋友建议他们去迪斯尼乐园，只是四处走走。A.
90、 agree同意；B. head前往；C. move移动；D. compare比较。head to：前往。根据“The first two times that I came to Disneyland just to walk around it was _12_ because I wasnt used to walking”可知，他的女朋友建议前往迪斯尼乐园就进行简单的走路。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了得到他需要的锻炼，他的女朋友建议他们去迪斯尼乐园，只是四处走走。A. hardly几乎不；B. especially特别；C. gradually逐渐地；D. sim
91、ply只是。根据“ I came to Disneyland just to walk around ”可知，他的女朋友建议Mark Gautier在迪斯尼乐园就只是简单走走路。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：戈蒂埃说：“头两次我来迪士尼乐园只是为了四处走走，那段时间很难熬，因为我不习惯走路。” A. unique独特的；B. tough艰难的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. realistic现实的。根据“because I wasnt used to walking,”可知，前两次不习惯，所以Gautier感觉很难。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大约
92、两周后，我就爱上了这个地方。A. fell for被迷住；B. came across偶遇；C. cleaned up打扫。D. picked out挑选。根据“At length, he was walking seven miles a day through the park.”可知，Mark Gautier渐渐爱上在迪士尼乐园散步。故选A。【34题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：除了锻炼，戈蒂埃还改变了自己的饮食习惯。A. Instead of而不是；B. But for要不是；C. Aside from除了；D. Regardless of不管。根据“Gautier also chan
93、ged his eating habits.”可知，Mark Gautier除了锻炼还改变自己的饮食习惯。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这并不是说我们改变了吃什么；而是我们吃的食物量。”他解释道。A. quantity数量；B. quality质量；C. type类型；D. safety安全。根据“It wasnt so much that we changed what we ate;”可知，减少所吃的食物的量，但是种类还是没有少。故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让他仍然可以吃火鸡腿和玉米热狗之类的食物。A. forced强迫；B. persuaded劝服；
94、C. allowed允许；D. inspired鼓舞。allow sb to do sth让某人做。Mark Gautier仍然允许吃火鸡腿和玉米热狗之类的食物。故选C。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：戈蒂埃用这种方法用了大约5年的时间减掉了150磅。A. explanation解释；B. method方法；C. research研究；D. standard标准。根据“A California resident _1_ how he lost 150 pounds: by going to Disneyland.”可知，Mark Gautier运用多锻炼并减少食物的方法减肥。故选B。【3
95、8题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，他结婚了，有一个女儿，事实上他在迪斯尼乐园的酒店里做服务员。A. actually事实上；B. suddenly突然；C. naturally自然地；D. secretly秘密地。根据“works for Disneyland as a houseman at their hotel.”可知，Mark Gautier实际上在迪斯尼乐园的酒店里做服务员。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还利用迪士尼Aspire教育项目获得了学士学位，并最终获得了硕士学位。A. place地方；B. hold控制；C. care在乎；D. advantage利
96、用。根据“ get his bachelors degree”得知，此处是Mark Gautier利用这个教育项目先得到学士学位，最后得到硕士学位。故选D。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他还利用迪士尼Aspire教育项目获得了学士学位，并最终获得了硕士学位。A. previously以前；B. traditionally传统上；C. eventually最终；D. uncertainly不明确地。根据“Hes also taking _19_ of the Disney Aspire education program to get his bachelors degree,”可知，M
97、ark Gautier最终获得硕士学位。故选C。第二节 语法填空（共10小题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（每空最多可填3个单词）。With the six solar terms (节气) in spring _41_ (arrive) in order, everything wakes up from winter. Start of Spring is the first of the 24 solar terms, _42_ is considered the beginning of spring. On this day, Chinese Peopl
98、e have a custom of biting spring, where they eat carrots or spring cakes to celebrate _43_ (it) arrival. A shower of Rain Water awakens hibernating creatures. The spring thunder surges (涌动) after Insects Awaken and then Spring Equinox falls, marking the true arrival of spring. _44_ follows is Clear
99、and Bright, when the ever-changing temperature makes many people not very _45_ (comfort). However, after finishing dates with blooming flowers, Grain Rain arrives. It indicates the hot summer is coming.Traditional Chinese agricultural production _46_ (guide) by solar terms and so has tea production.
100、 Picking tea leaves has been one of important spring activities in China. According to data of the National Bureau of Statistics, in _47_ row Chinas annual tea production has ranked first for years. China has been a major tea producing country _48_ ancient times. Tea culture covers a _49_ (vary) of
101、fields and is rich in content, so getting the Chinese tea culture known to the world is _50_ vital importance.【答案】41. arriving 42. which 43. its 44. What 45. comfortable 46. has been guided 47. a 48. since 49. variety 50. of【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了春天的六个节气，以及春季活动之一采茶。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着春天六个节气的到来，万物都从冬天苏
102、醒过来。介词with后的宾语terms 与arrive之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填arriving。【42题详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：立春是二十四节气中的第一个节气，也被认为是春天的开始。非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Start of Spring，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导该从句，that不能引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。【43题详解】考查代词。句意：在这一天，中国人有“咬春”的习俗，他们吃胡萝卜或春饼来庆祝春天的到来。名词arrival 前用形容词性物主代词。it的形容词性物主代词为its。故填its。【44题详解】考查主语从句。
103、句意：当不断变化温度让很多人感到不舒服的时候，随之而来的是清明。分析句子结构，4 follows是一个主语从句，从句缺主语，且指物，所以用引导词what。故填What。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：当不断变化的温度让很多人感到不舒服的时候，随之而来的是清明。make + 宾语 + 形容词。comfort的形容词为comfortable。故填comfortable。46题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：中国传统的农业生产一直受节气的引导，茶叶生产也是如此。采茶已成为中国重要的春季活动之一。根据后半句中的“So has tea production”可以判断此处用现在完成时，Traditional
104、Chinese agricultural production 与guide之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语Traditional Chinese agricultural production是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has been guided。【47题详解】考查固定短语。句意：根据国家统计局的数据，中国的茶叶年产量已连续多年位居世界第一。in a row意思是“连续的”。故填a。【48题详解】考查连词。句意：中国自古以来就是产茶大国。since作“自以来”讲，当作连词和现在完成时连用。故填since。【49题详解】考查固定短语。句意：茶文化涉及的领域很广，内容也很丰富，让世界了解
105、中国茶文化至关重要。a variety of各种各样的。故填variety。【50题详解】考查介词。句意：茶文化涉及的领域很广，内容也很丰富，让世界了解中国茶文化至关重要。be of importance=be important。故填of。第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（共10小题）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词
106、。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Kobe Bean Bryant was an former American professional basketball player. After complete high school, Bryant decides to pursue a career in basketball. He became one of the few players who was chosen directly from high school. His performance improved with eve
107、ry game but added a new feather to his crown. Do you know that what Los Angeles looks like at 4 a. m?, which has become a classic sentence to describe Kobe Bryant. Kobe devoted him to charity, helping poor children in various way. He spared no effort contribute to the community. Sad enough, Kobe die
108、d on January 26, 2020 in a helicopter crash.【答案】1.analetecompleting3.decidesdecided4.waswere5.butand6.去掉that7.himhimself8.wayways9.effort后加to10.SadSadly【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了前美国职业篮球运动员科比的一生。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：科比科比比恩布莱恩特是前美国职业篮球运动员。former是辅音开头在单词，表示一个用冠词a。故an改为a。2.考查副词。句意：高中毕业后，科比决定投身篮球事业。介词后用动名词。故comlete改为co
109、mpleting。3.考查动词时态。句意：高中毕业后，科比决定投身篮球事业。通篇是讲述已故球星科比生前的事情，用一般过去时，故decides改为decided。4.考查主谓一致。句意：他是少数几个直接从高中被选中的球员之一。先行词是players，在定语从句中做主语，谓语动词用复数。故was改为were。5.考查连词。句意：每场比赛他的表现都有所提高，并且他的皇冠上又添了一根新羽毛。表现提升和增添羽毛是并列关系。故but改为and。6.考查连接词。句意：“你知道洛杉矶凌晨四点的样子吗?”这句话已经成为描述科比布莱恩特的经典句子。know后面是宾语从句，从句中what做宾语，that是多余在。故
110、去掉that。7.考查代词。句意：科比把他奉献给慈善事业，用各种方式帮助贫困儿童。科比和他是一个人用反身代词。故him改为himself。8.考查名词。句意：科比把他奉献给慈善事业，用各种方式帮助贫困儿童。way为可数名词且被various修饰。故way改为ways。9.考查非谓语动词。句意：他不遗余力地为社会做贡献。spare no effort to do sth“ 不遗余力做某事”。故effort后加to。10.考查副词。句意：可悲的是，科比死于2020年1月26日的一次直升机失事。修饰句子用副词，表示“伤心地”。故Sad改为Sadly。【点睛】第二节 书面表达52. 假如你是李华，作为
111、交换生受英国的一所学校之邀，就中国正在实施的垃圾分类（garbage classification）向英国的同学们作一介绍，请你就此写一篇发言稿。内容包括：1中国的做法；2垃圾分类的意义。注意：1词数120左右；2可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3开头已给出，不计入总词数。Good morning everybody,I am Li Hua, a senior high student from China. _【答案】Good morning everybody,I am Li Hua, a senior high student from China. And Im so glad to s
112、hare with you something about garbage classification in my country.In order to protect our environment, Chinese central government issued a plan to promote garbage classification and the activity was launched last month in my country nationally. People are required to sort garbage into four categori
113、es, each of which is supposed to be thrown into a different bin. At first, People were confused about which category the rubbish belonged to, but with the help of community workers, we are doing a much better job now. As a result, our country has taken on a new look.Garbage classification is vital t
114、o peoples living environment and the economical use of resources. It is also an important aspect of a civilized society.In my opinion, the environment lies in our hands. Only when we make united efforts, can we make the world a better place. Thank you for your listening.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言
115、稿，向英国的同学们介绍中国的垃圾分类。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时,少量现在完成时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1中国的做法；2垃圾分类的意义。第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）share with; in order to; be required; at first; belong to; as a result; take on; be vital to; in ones opinion第三步：连词成句1. And Im so glad to share with you somet
116、hing about garbage classification in my country.2. In order to protect our environment, Chinese central government issued a plan to promote garbage classification and the activity was launched last month in my country nationally.3. People are required to sort garbage into four categories, each of wh
117、ich is supposed to be thrown into a different bin.4. At first, People were confused about which category the rubbish belonged to, but with the help of community workers, we are doing a much better job now.5. As a result, our country has taken on a new look.6. Garbage classification is vital to peopl
118、es living environment and the economical use of resources.7. In my opinion, the environment lies in our hands.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthe
119、rmore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although +clause(从句), In spite of +n/doing, On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1：People are required to sort garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into a different bin.这句话运用了非限定性定语从句。高分句型2：Only when we make united efforts, can we make the world a better place.这句话运用了only引导的倒装结构。