1、一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1desert n沙漠，荒原2porter n. 行李搬运工3luggage n. 行李4maximum adj. 最大的，最多的5footprint n. 脚印，足迹6exactly adv. 确切地，精确地7traveller n. 旅行者，旅客8goods n. 商品，物品，货物9wealthy adj. 富有的，富裕的10author n. 作者11professor n. 教授12ambition n. 志向，抱负13cheerful adj. 愉快的，高兴的14distant adj. 远处的；久远的15staff n. 员工，
2、全体工作人员.核心词汇写其形1adventure n. 奇遇，冒险的经历2extra adj. 特别的；额外的3optional adj. 可选择的，非强制的4accommodation n. 住所，住处5risk vt. 冒的危险 6flow vi. 流动，涌出7equipment n. 配备，设备8quantity n. 量，数量9shock vt. 震惊，惊骇10goal n. 目的；目标11function vi. 运转；发挥作用12aim n. 目标；目的13transport n. 运输，运送14shelter n. 遮蔽，庇护所15limit n. 边界；限度.拓展词汇通其变1m
3、ajor adj. 较重要的；较严重的 n. 专业课 majority n大多数2tiring adj. 令人疲劳的tired adj. 疲倦的，厌倦的tire vt. 使疲倦；使疲劳3uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的，不自在的comfortable adj. 舒服的comfort n& vt. 安慰4differ vi. 不同于，有区别difference n. 不同之处different adj. 不同的5anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的anxiously adv. 忧虑地，焦虑地anxiety n. 焦虑，不安6extreme adj. 极度的，极端的extreme
4、ly adv. 极其地，极端地7similarity n. 相似性，类似性similar adj. 相似的similarly adv. 类似地8excitement n. 兴奋，激动excited adj. 激动的，兴奋的exciting adj. 令人兴奋的9various adj. 不同的，各种各样的variety n. 品种；种类；变化vary vi. 变化10preference n. 较喜欢的东西，偏爱prefer v. 喜爱11amaze vt. 使惊愕(惊奇)amazed adj. 惊愕的，吃惊的amazing adj. 令人惊异的amazement n. 吃惊，惊愕12conf
5、use vt. 使困惑confused adj. 困惑的confusing adj. 令人困惑的confusion n. 混乱；困惑13preparation n. 准备，预备prepare vt. 准备；预备prepared adj. 准备好的14patience n. 耐心；忍耐力patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人patiently adv. 耐心地15observe vt. 观察，观测observation n. 观察16disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件advantage n. 有利条件，长处1.由quantity想到的several 几个couple 一对sco
6、re 二十dozen 十二个numerous 许多的none 没有hundred 一百million 百万billion 十亿trillion 万亿2.“看”遍天下notice注意到，留心observe 观察watch 观看，关注stare (at) 凝视，盯着看glance (at) 匆匆看一眼；瞥glare (at) 怒视；瞪witness 经历，见证look (at) 看gaze 凝视glimpse 一瞥3.今儿个真“高兴”cheerfulhappygladpleaseddelightedjoyfulmerrynicepleasantagreeable(二)重点短语记牢用活1take_o
7、ff起飞2in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便3upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地4turn_up 出现，到场 5back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)6get_across 使理解(某事)7in_turn 轮流8break_out (坏事)突然发生，爆发9put.into_prison 把关进监狱10stand_by 坚持(某种说法)11on_ones_way 在途中12break_down 损坏，不能运转13run_out_of 用完，耗尽14carry_on 继续做某事1.“动词across”一览come across(偶然)遇见cut across 抄近
8、路；打断go across 横穿；走过run across 遇到；跑着穿过get across 使理解(某事)2.“stand”短语面面观stand out突出；显眼；引人注目stand for 代表；象征；容忍；主张stand by 袖手旁观；坚持；支持；遵守stand up 站起来stand up for 支持；维护3.run短语一览run into偶然遇见；撞上run after 追赶；追求run out 被用完，用光run out of 用完，用尽run for 竞选(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：too.to.太而不能Although people enjoyed re
9、ading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。句型2：表示方位或时间的副词位于句首，句子用全部倒装语序Then_came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。句型3：have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难The next to go was Captain Oat
10、es，who was having_great_difficulty_walking接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1All kinds of goods are being transported(运输) to a lot of countries every day.2She went to London with the aim(目标) of finding a job.3(北京卷)To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experience
11、s. New experiences often mean taking some risks(风险), so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.4The data is limited in terms of both quality and quantity(数量)5They made 30 days accommodations(膳宿) for us in the activity during the summer holiday.6We should put away our differences(differ) a
12、nd work together for our common goal.7Most of us could hardly contain our excitement(excite) when hearing that our team won.8Make sure your sleep environment is quiet, dark, cool, and comfortable(comfort)9The similarity(similar) between the two stories suggests Lowry wrote them both.10The majority(m
13、ajor) of my patients come to me from out of town.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1My father is so good a doctor that he is always patient with his patients and he also has patience with us.He treats us very patiently(patient)2We were amazed at his amazing performance，and other people were also looking at him in ama
14、zement(amaze)3The goods in this shop vary from season to season. In winter, there are various kinds of coats while in summer there are a variety of skirts.(vary)4From her confused look, I knew that the confusing speech made her confused(confuse)5It was an anxious moment for us that day.We were waiti
15、ng anxiously at the gate for the result of the match.Next to us were some girls watching us with anxiety(anxious).选词成篇in order to; on ones way to; take off; stand by; get across1In_order_to experience Southeast Asian culture, Wei Hua and Wei Tong decide to take the plane which 2.takes_off on Sunday
16、to Thailand.Both of them 3.stand_by their opinions, but first they must 4.get_across their ideas to their parents. So they try to persuade their parents to let them do it.5.On_their_way_to Thailand, they will meet their friend, Tom.With his help, they will have no difficulty in communicating with th
17、e local people.turn up; break down; run out of; carry on; in turnLast week we joined a summer camp.We drove to the summer camp all the way 6.in_turnUnluckily, on the way our car 7.broke_down and what was worse, we 8.ran_out_of oil.Fortunately, after a while another car 9.turned_up and it was a warmh
18、earted driver that offered us some fuel and helped us fix our car. Finally, we can 10.carry_on our journey.完成句子1这条街太窄，大型货车不能通过。The road is too_narrow_to allow the passage of trucks.2门突然开了，冲出来一个高个子男孩。Suddenly the door was opened, and out rushed_a_tall_boy3(北京卷)她很难保持注意力集中。She had_more_difficulty_(in)_
19、keeping focused. differvi.不同，有区别 基础练习单句语法填空(北京卷)Because a college community(群体) differs(differ) from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.a. The twins are so alike. Its difficult to tell the difference(differ) between them.b(2019全国卷)Everybody uses a keyboard and every
20、body types differently(different)British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently(different)能力提升完成句子只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望实现的任何事情有影响。Only when we match our words with actions can_w
21、e_make_a_difference_in whatever we hope to accomplish.(1)differ from.in.与在方面不一样(2)difference n. 不同；区别make a difference 有影响；使不相同tell the difference between.and. 区分与的差别(3)different adj. 不同的；相异的be different from.in. 在方面不同(4)differently adv. 不同地 名师点津 不同和相同：不同：differ, be different, vary相同，相似：be the same,
22、 be similar/alike anxiousadj.忧虑的，焦急的；挂念的；渴望的，急切的；不安的基础练习单句语法填空(2019天津卷)She was anxious to_know(know) what had happened.a.(2018天津卷)Anxiously(anxious) I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.b(北京卷)Anxious(anxiety) all the time, I was unable to keep focused fo
23、r more than an hour at a time.If you are worried about your health, share your anxiety(anxious) with your doctor.Children always seem to be anxious for the Childrens Day to come.能力提升完成句子/句式升级我非常担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上都睡不着觉。(普通表达)Im so_anxious_about_the_coming_exam_that I can hardly fall asleep at night.(高级表
24、达)Anxious_about_the_coming_exam,_I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作状语)(1)be anxious for/about sth.为某事担心(忧虑)be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人) 做某事(2)anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑，担心with anxiety 焦虑地(3)anxiously adv. 焦急地，忧虑地；渴望地佳句背诵 Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity;
25、others were nervous and anxious.我们有些同学很自信，渴望参加课堂活动，另一些同学则紧张不安。(2018全国卷)名师点津 表示渴望(做)某事的常用短语还有long to do sth./for sth.；desire to do sth./for sth.；be eager to do sth./for sth.；be dying to do sth./for sth.等。 riskvt.冒的危险nC，U危险，风险基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)They were more likely to break the speed limit and be at
26、risk of getting fined.He got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldnt risk losing(lose) the good opportunity.能力提升完成句子(江苏卷)交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。Not only does the traffic issue affect our daily life, but it also_puts_peoples_lives_at_risk(1)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事(2)at risk 有风险；处境危险a
27、t the risk of. 冒着的危险run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒险(做某事)put.at risk 让处于危险之中佳句背诵 He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.他觉得他应该做好每一步的决定，而不是冒险。I dont want to run the risk of losing it.我不想冒着失掉它的风险。 variousadj.不同的；各种各样的基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)No matter what you like to do，the
28、re is a way to get involved in various(vary) activities on Earth Day.The research team is made up of pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15.能力提升词汇/句式升级(普通表达)Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of wellequipped facilities.(2018全国卷)(高级表达)Our school has built a new stadium, which_has_var
29、ious/varieties_of/a_variety_of_wellequipped_facilities(定语从句)(1)for various reasons由于种种原因(2)variety n. 变化；多样性；种类a variety ofvarieties of 种类繁多的all kinds of 各种各样的(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化vary from.to.从到不等；在到之间变动 联想发散 “各种各样”表达：various/varieties_of/a_variety_of；all_kinds/sorts/types_of confusevt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱
30、；混淆基础练习单句语法填空I would often get confused(confuse) when I came across new words with a similar spelling.I always confuse John with his brother; they are so much alike.能力提升完成句子我对中国的餐桌礼仪非常困惑， 如果你给我一些在晚宴上如何做到行为得体的建议，我将感激不尽。I am_quite_confused_by_Chinese_table_manners. Id appreciate it if you could give m
31、e some tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.confuse.with/and. 混淆；辨别不清be confused by 被弄混；糊涂confused adj. 困惑的；烦恼的confusing adj. 令人费解的；使人困惑的confusion n. 困惑 佳句背诵 For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.例如，有大量的参考书，我经常会因为选择而感到困惑。(2018江苏卷)
32、 quantityn量；数量基础练习单句语法填空a.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed(wash) away now.bWith more and more forests cut down, a large quantity of soil is_being_washed(wash) away now.We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Before the
33、 exam, I spent a lot of time in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldnt have succeeded in passing the exam.(高级表达)Before the exam, I spent a_large_quantity_of/a_great_deal_of time in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldnt have succeeded in passing the exam.a large/small quantity of大量/少量的large quantiti
34、es of 大量的；许多的in quantity 大量地 佳句背诵 Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.专家说，表扬的质量比数量更重要。(2019浙江卷6月)名师点津 (1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词；(2)“a quantity of名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 aimn目标；目的；对准v对准目标，打算基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)Al
35、l our projects aim to_promote(promote) the development of poor and remote communities.a.(2019北京卷)Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming(aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.b(2017北京卷)She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming/aimed(aim) at g
36、etting rid of homelessness.The aim of education is to_teach(teach) young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly.(2017北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly(aim) down the treelined street, not knowing where she was heading.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)In order to improve the level of English, we attend Engl
37、ish Corner once a week.(高级表达)With_the_aim_of_improving/Aiming_at_improving/Aiming_to_improve the level of English, we attend English Corner once a week.(aim)(1)aim to do sth.旨在做某事aim at doing sth./be aimed at 目的是；旨在(2)take aim at. 瞄准with the aim of 以为目标；意在(3)aimless adj. 无目的的aimlessly adv. 无目的地佳句背诵
38、This activity is aimed at improving the students ability of listening and speaking.这项活动的目的是提高学生的听说能力。词块助记 aim high志存高远achieve/realize my aim 达到我的目的/实现我的目标a programme aimed at teenagers 针对青少年的节目 observevt.& vi.看到，观察，注意到；遵守(法律，习俗等)；庆祝(节日等)一词多义写出下列句中observe的含义(2019天津卷)We can observe that artificial int
39、elligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.观察(江苏卷)Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守Id like to tell you something about how we observe the Spring Festival.庆祝She observed her best friend walking on the opposite side of the road.注意到能力提升完成句子当我经过他的房子时，我看到他
40、正在院子里玩耍。When I passed by his house, I observed_him_playing in the yard.刚才他被看到拿着一本书走进了办公室。He was_observed_to_enter the office with a book in his hand just now.observe sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事observe sb.do sth. 看到某人做了某事observe sb./sth. done 看到某人/物被佳句背诵 Also known as TombSweeping Day, the Qingming Festi
41、val is usually observed around April 5 and is a time for honoring deceased family relatives. 清明节，也就是人们熟知的扫墓日，通常在4月5日左右，人们常在这一天祭祀亡故的亲人。名师点津 observe作“观察； 注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.ing形式作宾语补足语； 但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。类似的词还有see, watch, notice, hear, feel，make等。 limitvt.限制；限定n界限；限度基础练习单句语法填空There is a limi
42、t to ones life, but no limit to serving(serve) the people.(2019江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited(limit) resources.I have limitless(limit) hopes and confidence in my university, like to my future.能力提升完成句子他的英语水平非常有限以至于不能理解以英语为母语的人说的话。His English is_so_
43、limited_that he cant understand what the native speakers say.(1)limit.to. 把限制在内(2)set a limit to. 对规定限度there is a/no limit to.对是有限的/无限的(3)limited adj. 有限的limitless adj. 无限的 佳句背诵 The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.文章的长度限制在约400词。 (全国卷)名师点津 上述搭配中to均为介词，后跟名词或v.ing形式作宾语。 take
44、off脱下；移去；(飞机)起飞；休假；开始成功一词多义写出下列句中take off的含义(2018全国卷)I took off my Tshirt and dived into the water.脱掉(陕西卷)When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.起飞(江苏卷)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.开始成
45、功(四川卷)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision.休假take up占去，占据(时间、地位等)take down 记下；拆卸take in 吸收；接待；欺骗；理解take on 呈现；雇用；接纳take over 接管，接任语段背诵 After taking up the job as a manager, he took down many scientific methods and took in many s
46、killed workers. Soon the company took on a new look, which suggested the company would soon take off. turn up出现；到场；开大；调高；发现；向上翻基础练习用turn的相关短语填空Things turned_out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned_downThe moment the bell rang, all the
47、students turned_in their papers immediately.I often turn_to my classmates or teachers for help.As a result, I have made great progress in my studies.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Some famous Chinese artists will appear and perform at the exhibition.(2017全国卷)(高级表达)Some famous Chinese artists will turn_up and perform
48、 at the exhibition.turn down拒绝；关小；调低turn in 上交；自首turn out 结果是；证明是；生产；制造turn over 翻身；移交；转变turn off 关掉turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 佳句背诵 Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.别着急，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。联想发散 “出现，到场”短语荟萃：turn_up；show_up；be_present_at get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路，
49、河等)基础练习单句语法填空I called all day yesterday，but I couldnt get through to you.The girl has been looking for a chance to get away from the beggars.It is hard for the poor young man to get over the difficulty this time.能力提升完成句子如果我们克服了目前的困难， 那么一切都应该会好起来。If we can get_over_our_present_difficulties,_then ever
50、ything should be all right.这儿有他许多朋友。他曾经在这些朋友的帮助下摆脱了困境。He has a great many friends here, with whose help he once got_away_from difficult situations.get away from 逃离；远离；避开get down to 开始认真处理/对待，开始做get over 克服get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完佳句背诵 Whether we are buying, selling, consulting, or simply trying to o
51、btain information, we will need to get across ideas to an audience we are not used to dealing with.无论是做买卖、协商，还是仅仅获得信息，我们都需要使那些我们从未与之打过交道的人弄明白我们的意思。 break down分解；(机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；打破，消除一词多义写出下列句中break down的含义(陕西卷)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, be
52、cause the airconditioning system broke down.(机器)出故障If Tim carries on working like this, hell break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉(湖北卷)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts.分解(天津卷)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them
53、.消除(湖北卷)He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.失控break in强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴break into 闯入，破门而入break out 爆发，突然发生break through 突破；克服，战胜break up 解散；结束；拆散break away 突然离开；突然挣脱佳句背诵 Mother broke into my room and told me not to stay up or I would break down.妈妈闯进我的房间，告诉我不要熬夜了，否则身体会垮掉的。
54、run out of用尽；用完基础练习用run的相关短语填空(2019北京卷)If they run_out_of certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed.In the future, care for the environment will become very important as the earths natural resources_run_outId like to run_for the vice president of the
55、English club in our school.I_ran_across one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day.能力提升一句多译如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。If we keep using the water like this, we will_soon_run_out_of_it. (run)If we keep using the water like this, it will_soon_run_out. (run)If we keep using the wat
56、er like this, we will_soon_use_it_up. (use)If we keep using the water like this, it will_soon_be_used_up. (use)(1)run out 用完；用尽give out 用尽；用完；精疲力竭use up 用尽；用完(2)run across 偶然遇到run for 竞选；匆匆去取run into 撞上；遇到 佳句背诵 What should I do when Im about to run out of gas at midnight on my way home?当我的车在午夜回家的路上快
57、没油了，我该怎么办？Its my great honor to announce that I am running for chairman of the Students Union.名师点津 (1)run out ofuse up表示主动意义，主语通常是人；(2)run outbe used up表示被动意义，主语通常是物；(3)give out作“用尽；用完”讲时，用主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是物。 too.to.太而不能(教材P26)Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos
58、 stories about China were too fantastic to be true.尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to_make(make) necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningf
59、ul college experience.a.You cant be too careful while doing your homework.bYou can never be careful enough to_do(do) your homework.能力提升句型转换Mary was so absorbed in her study that she couldnt hear the noise outside.Mary was too_absorbed_in_her_study_to_hear the noise outside.(1)某些形容词与“too.to.”句型连用时，to
60、o (very) 表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表示情感的词，如glad，pleased，surprised，delighted，happy，willing，ready，eager，anxious等。(2)当在too前加上only, but, all, simply或just时，“too .to .”结构表示肯定意义，此时too带有赞赏的感情色彩。(3)“too .to .”结构和never, not等否定副词连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“无论也不过分；越越好”。 佳句背诵 Just as an old saying goes：“It is never too late to learn.”正如
61、那句老话所言：“活到老，学到老”。Dont worry. Ill be only too glad to help you if theres anything wrong. 不用担心， 如果出了什么问题， 我会很乐意帮助你的。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难(教材P28)The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。基础练习单句语法填空(北京卷)Did you have difficulty finding
62、(find) Anns house?Not really. She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.You have no difficulty remembering(remember) the new words, so you cant imagine the difficulty I have learning(learn) them by heart.Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help u
63、s patiently. 能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)We had_difficulty_walking_home(步行回家非常困难) in the snowstorm. You cant imagine the difficulty. (高级表达)You_cant_imagine_what_difficulty_we_had_walking_home_in_the_snowstorm！(定语从句感叹句)(1)difficulty前可用great, much, some, any, no, little等修饰，difficulty还可以用trouble, problems, a ha
64、rd time等替换。(2)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time with sth.在某事上有困难(3)there is no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事/在某事上没有困难 佳句背诵 Undoubtedly, we must have difficulty in searching for the road leading to science.毫无疑问，我们在寻找通向科学的道路上一定有困难。名师点津 (1)在考查句型have difficulty (in) doing s
65、th.时，difficulty往往提前作主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语为“havedoing”形式；(2)have difficulty (in) doing sth.中的difficulty是不可数名词。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1(2018全国卷)Many visitors were amazed(amaze) by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.2(2018江苏卷)As children grew，they became more anxious(anxiety) to get more
66、 public approval.3It is reported that a large quantity of money has_been_wasted(waste) on the project.4A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks, ranking them by similarity(similar)5The manager was extremely(extreme) angry and left the meeting room without saying a wo
67、rd.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1The speaker was too excited to get across to most of the listeners present at the meeting.2When we hurried to the airport, the plane to Shanghai had taken off3School provides a variety of activities for children after class.4In my opinion, youd better set a limit to the expense o
68、f your trip.5(全国卷)I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1(江苏卷)Walking upright challenges the human bone structure, and limits the size of brains.限制2(2017全国卷)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate
69、on her studies.拒绝3The Chinese people observe the Spring Festival from generation to generation.庆祝4Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.忧虑；焦虑5In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”， aiming to introduce American customs
70、.目的是6A fire broke out in our town recently and a large factory was burned to the ground.爆发；突然发生7Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.不同的；各种各样的8(2017全国卷)When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment ou
71、t through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.打破提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)In order to experience Chinese culture which 1.differs(differ) from his countrys, Tom planned to travel to Beijing. He first got his idea 2.across to his parents. With h
72、is parents permission, he decided to go to Beijing by plane which took 3.off on Sunday. For this trip, he made full 4.preparations(prepare) for it. On the way to Beijing, he came across his friend, Li Hua. After arriving in Beijing, he had no difficulty municating(communicate) with the local people
73、with the help of Li Hua. To his amazement, there are 6.various(vary) kinds of entertainment facilities, activities and large 7.quantities(quantity) of old buildings. In a word, its so dizzying. Apart from the trip, he also aims to learn Chinese well, and he takes full advantage 8.of every minute to
74、study hard. He strictly 9.limits(limit) his time of playing. We often see him 10.studying(study) late into night. We all think he should pay attention to his health in case it breaks down.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)史密斯先生开车去伦敦上班途中汽车出了故障。Mr.Smith was driving a car to London to go
75、 to work when_his_car_broke_down他打电话给汽车修理厂，维护工很快就来了。He telephoned a garage and soon a repairman turned_up10分钟后，他的车被修好了。Ten minutes later his_car_was_repaired为了弥补落下的时间，他飞快行驶。He wanted to make_up_for_the_lost_time so he began to drive faster.后来他车里的油用光了，没能按时到达伦敦。The oil in the tank ran_out,_so he faile
76、d_to_reach London on time.2升级平淡句用in order to升级句He_began_to_drive_faster_in_order_to_make_up_for_the_lost_time.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：so, unfortunately)_One possible version：Mr.Smith was driving a car to London to go to work when his car broke down. So, he telephoned a garage and soon a repairman turne
77、d up. Ten minutes later his car was repaired. He began to drive faster in order to make up for the lost time. Unfortunately, the oil in the tank ran out, so he failed to reach London on time.课时练12篇阅读1篇完形1篇应用文写作.阅读理解A(2020郑州质量预测)Four teenage girls from Minnesota, US. 120 hours of nonstop togetherness
78、. No cellphones. This is not a reality show, but an adventure journey.“It was really perfect，” said Julia Ruelle of her recent adventure to the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness with three of her childhood friends. “By unplugging, we had an amazing time.”Last year, the 16yearold took part in an
79、essay contest and carried off a prize. The award was a 5day canoe and camping adventure with up to three friends. No parents or guides would be there. So Julia invited her friends Anna Wander, Madeline Wilson and Julianna Torelli.The four Minnetonka High School juniors arrived in Ely for training th
80、e day before they began the journey. They set out the next day at 7 am., quickly developing a routine.“We were done paddling by noon，” Julia said. “We ate lunch at the campsites and then it was time for hammocks(吊床), reading, making friendship bracelets(手镯) and talking.”The girls all had experience
81、in the outdoors before.Anna had been to the Boundary Waters with her family. “I love how you are separated from everything in your life, especially technology, ” Anna said. Without her phone, she said, “Im less worried about things.” Madeline, too, had been to the Boundary Waters a few years ago. “B
82、ut this time, I had to paddle right and set up camp，” she said. The girls made fire and cooked meal together. No one was ever hungry or homesick, but they were nervous in the final night as they waited out a thunderstorm. They left wet sleeping bags in one tent, and squeezed into another for the nig
83、ht. “Every thunderstorm in the Boundary Waters feels huge，” Julia said.On the car ride home, they were all on their phones catching up with friends. “It was a little at a loss turning my phone on，” said Anna. “Mental health can be improved so much in the Boundary Waters. It really helps to get away
84、and reconnect with yourself.”【解题导语】16岁的高中女生Julia Ruelle参加了一个作文比赛并获奖，奖品是邀请最多三位朋友一起进行为期五天的独木舟和露营探险。于是四个女孩关闭手机，体验了独特的五天冒险之旅。1How did Julia Ruelle get the chance to camp?AShe won an essay contest.BShe was invited by her friends.CShe performed well in her school.DShe asked her parents for support.A解析：细节理
85、解题。根据第三段第一、二句“Last year, the 16yearold took part in an essay contest and carried off a prize. The award was a 5day canoe and camping adventure with up to three friends.”可知，Julia Ruelle参加了一个作文比赛并获奖，奖品是一次为期五天的独木舟和露营探险，最多可以邀请三个朋友。据此可知，Julia Ruelle是通过在一次作文比赛中获奖获得这次机会的，故A项正确。2Why was the 5day adventure u
86、nique to the girls?AThey needed to complete many tasks.BThey needed to find a guide on their own.CThey had to live on a boat for several days.DThey had to live without their smartphones.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“No cellphones.”和倒数第二段第三句“Without her phone, she said，Im less worried about things.”可知，此次活动的独特之处在
87、于不允许带手机，故D项正确。3What can we know about the girls from the story?AThey had not got any camping experience before.BThey all felt refreshed after the adventure journey.CThey enriched their learning experiences by exploring.DThey used to keep in close touch with their friends by phone.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“
88、Mental health can be improved so much in the Boundary Waters. It really helps to get away and reconnect with yourself.”可推知，经历这次冒险之旅后，她们都感受到，这次冒险之旅远离尘嚣，重新与自己连接，改善了自己的精神健康，故B项正确。B(2020河南六市高三联考)It was about seven years ago. I just picked up my threeyearold daughter from the nursery. I was weighed down
89、with shopping bags, and with my daughters things. We arrived at a pedestrian crossing and she pressed the button. In the distance, I heard alarms, told my daughter to wait and watched a police car approaching.Little did I know, as the_green_man flashed, that my daughter had begun to run into the roa
90、d. I watched the police car speed toward usthats when you sounded your horn and waved wildly to me. My daughter was about a meter from the path of the police car, hidden from their view by your car.I screamed her name and ran toward her. She stopped and was shocked by the rush of the police car as i
91、t sped past. She wondered why you had blown your horn, asking, “Mom, why was that woman so rude？” not realizing you had saved her life.She wondered why I picked her up and burst into tears. My legs gave way as I reached the other side of the road. I should have followed my “wait” with a hand on her
92、shoulder, or an explanation of why we were ignoring the green man this time, especially as I had in effect conditioned her to cross the road at the sight of the green flash.I beat myself up for months, and still do, with flashbacks and horrible assumptions about what might have been. But for your so
93、unding your horn, seeing what I hadnt seen, I would have been left a mother on the other side of the road, totally broken. I apologize for putting you in that positionI can imagine that it upset you，too. You saved her life and I am so grateful.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。大约七年前，“我”的女儿过马路时没有注意到警车，幸亏一位女士按喇叭提醒，才挽救了女
94、儿的生命。这件事让“我”至今难忘，心中充满感激。4What does the underlined part “the green man” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA pedestrian.BA policeman.CA traffic sign. DA button.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Little did I know, as the_green_man flashed，that my daughter had begun to run into the road.”并结合常识可知，此处表示看到绿灯亮之后，“我”的女儿跑到了马路上；据此可推知，
95、画线部分指代一种交通标志，故C项正确。A项意为“一个行人”，B项意为“一个警察”，D项意为“一个按钮”，都与语境不符。5Why did the woman sound her horn?ATo stop the police car.BTo show her impatience.CTo greet passing pedestrians.DTo draw the mothers attention.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“I watched the police car speed toward usthats when you sounded your horn and
96、waved wildly to me. My daughter was about a meter from the path of the police car, hidden from their view by your car.”可知，“我”看到警车向“我们”疾驰而来，这时你按响了喇叭，疯狂地向“我”挥手。“我”的女儿离警车的车道大约一米远，你的车挡住了他们的视线。据此可推知，那位女士按响喇叭是为了引起这位母亲的注意，提醒她注意她女儿的安全，故D项正确。6What can we infer from the incident?AThe mother didnt regret what
97、had happened.BThe daughter didnt follow the traffic rules.CThe woman responded quickly and properly.DThe police drove beyond the speed limit.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，当看到小女孩面临危险时，那位女士按响喇叭，并疯狂地向小女孩的母亲挥手；并结合第三段第一、二句“I screamed her name and ran toward her. She stopped and was shocked by the rush of the police
98、car as it sped past.”可知，警车疾驰而过，“我”的女儿安然无恙；据此可推知，那位女士反应快速、正确，挽救了小女孩的生命，故C项正确。7How did the mother feel when taking hold of her daughter?AAngry and shocked.BScared but relieved.CGuilty and confused.DGrateful but sad.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“She wondered why I picked her up and burst into tears. My legs gav
99、e way as I reached the other side of the road.”可知，女儿不知道“我”为什么把她抱起来并突然大哭起来；当“我”走到路的另一边时，“我”的腿软了；结合上文可知，一位女士的提醒使“我”的女儿避免了车祸；据此可推知，抓住女儿时，这位母亲既害怕，又感到宽慰，故B项正确。.完形填空(2020河北九校联考)As a young girl I dreamed of being a dancer, so my parents let me attend dance classes when I was in first grade. But I _1_ knew
100、the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情).I was a part of dance teams where I learned to dance in _2_ styles such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on. Due to my talent and hard work, I quickly _3_ in the teams. However, these classes became too _4_
101、for my parents when I was 13, leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years. I knew we were not _5_ then, so I had no complaint._6_ I was not taking dance classes, I used what I learned in _7_ classes to keep my flexibility and develop my dancing skills. Throughout this t
102、ime my _8_ for dancing helped me learn how to be a(n) _9_ as I coached myself, taught my sisters and _10_ my own shows for my family. With the time and hard work in the four years when I _11_ to take dance classes, I was able to be _12_ to my high school dance team.Over the next three years in the t
103、eam I _13_ myself to be the best dancer. I managed to involve myself in every dance _14_； I also struggled with many _15_. During the first year on the team both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of _16_. However, my second competition season _17_ patellar tendinitis(肌腱炎) in my
104、knees, which _18_ disturbs me constantly till today. Even so, I was able to become a cocaptain of the team and lead them to _19_ the first national championship title in the _20_ of the team!【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了她学习舞蹈的经历，字里行间透露的是作者的毅力和决心。1A.reallyBmerelyCsuddenly DbarelyD解析：根据But的转折和后面的内容“the years t
105、o follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情).”可知，此处应用一个表示否定意义的副词，表示作者不知道接下来几年的舞蹈学习会教她这么多人生课程。barely“几乎不，几乎没有”，符合语境。2A.various BlatestCunique DclassicalA解析：根据下文的“such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on”可知，作者学跳各种(various)风格的舞蹈。latest“最新的”；unique“独特的”；classical“古典的
106、”。3A.worked out Btook outCcame out Dstood outD解析：根据上文的“Due to my talent and hard work”可知，由于作者既有天分又勤奋，她很快在舞蹈队里脱颖而出。work out “锻炼身体，计算出”； take out “拿出，提取”； come out “出版，被获知，盛开”； stand out “出色，显眼”。4A.deadly BstrangeCcostly DvaluableC解析：根据下文的“leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next
107、 four years”可知，此处表示因为舞蹈课的费用非常高，父母无力支付，因此作者停止了舞蹈学习。costly是形容词，表示“昂贵的”。5A.happy BcontentCcomfortable DsecureC解析：根据上文作者父母无力支付作者舞蹈学习费用的内容和下文的“so I had no complaint”可知，此处表示作者知道家里并不宽裕，因此她并不抱怨父母。happy“幸福的”；content“满足的”；comfortable“宽裕的，富裕的”；secure“安全的，牢靠的”。6A.Now that BEven ifCAs though DJust whenB解析：根据主句“I
108、 used what I learned.develop my dancing skills”可以推断出，该空所在的从句是让步状语从句，故用Even if“尽管”。 7A.new BprimaryCprevious DfinalC解析：根据上文可知，作者这几年没有上正规的舞蹈课，由此推断她用以前学到的舞蹈知识来进行练习。primary“主要的，基本的”；previous“先前的”；final“最终的”。8A.energy BadmirationCappreciation DenthusiasmD解析：根据上文可知，在不能上舞蹈课的情况下，作者还在坚持跳舞，由此可以推断出她对舞蹈饱含热情。ene
109、rgy “精力”；admiration “钦佩，羡慕”；appreciation “感激”；enthusiasm “热情”。9A.instructor BperformerCpartner DcontributorA解析：根据下文的“coached myself, taught my sisters”可知，对跳舞的热情帮助作者学习如何做一个教练。instructor “教练，导师”；performer “表演者”；partner “伙伴，同伴”；contributor “投稿人，捐献者”。10A.spoke about Bbacked upCmade up Dput onD解析：根据空后的“m
110、y own shows for my family”可知，作者为家人表演节目。put on“上演”。11A.attempted BfailedCchose DintendedB解析：根据第二段的最后两句可知，作者四年间没有上正规的舞蹈课，再联系本句中的“in the four years”可知，fail to do sth.“未做某事”符合语境。attempt“尝试”；choose“选择”；intend“打算，计划”。12A.admitted BaddictedCadapted DappliedA解析：根据下一段内容可知，作者成为校舞蹈队的成员，因此这里指作者被校舞蹈队录取。be admitt
111、ed to“被录取”。13A.considered BpushedCwarned DexpectedB解析：根据下文的“I managed” “I also struggled” “I was able to become a cocaptain of the team and lead them to.”可知，此处表示在校舞蹈队期间，作者督促自己做该队中最优秀的队员。push sb. to be/do.表示“督促某人成为/做”。consider“认为”；warn“告诫”；expect“期望”。14A.examination BcampaignCactivity DtrialC解析：根据语境可
112、知，作者努力参与每一项校舞蹈队的舞蹈活动(activity)。15A.injuries BgoalsCdisagreements DdesiresA解析：根据下文的脚踝受伤、肌腱炎可知，在跳舞过程中作者曾多次受伤(injuries)。goal “目标”；disagreement “分歧”；desire “欲望”。16A.recovery BpracticeCsuffering DlearningA解析：根据上文的“both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of _”可推断出，此处指作者脚踝受伤之后花费数月恢复，故选r
113、ecovery “恢复，康复”。practice “训练”；suffering “痛苦”；learning “学习”。17A.cured BcausedCdefeated DfoughtB解析：根据上下文可知，第二个舞蹈赛季导致(caused)作者患肌腱炎。18A.just BalsoCyet DstillD解析：根据空后的“disturbs me constantly till today”可知，此处应表示这直至今天还困扰着作者，故用still。19A.approach BunderstandCwin DkeepC解析：即便有这么多伤痛，作者还是成功带领校舞蹈队赢得了校舞蹈队历史上第一个全国
114、冠军头衔。根据句中的“national championship title”可知，此处用win。win the.title表示“获得冠军头衔”。20A.organization BhistoryCcharge DimaginationB解析：参见上题解析。.应用文写作假定你是李华，你的美国外教Tom 在你校任教期间，帮助学校组建了英语俱乐部，增强了英语学习的氛围。现在，他三年任期已满准备回国。请你代表学校给他写一封信，内容包括：1对其所做工作表示感谢；2表达继续保持联系的愿望；3欢迎他再次来中国。注意：1词数 80 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。D
115、ear Tom，_Yours truly，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear_Tom，Im writing on behalf of my school to extend our sincere gratitude for your productive work in the past three years. It is you who have helped set up the English club of our school and have encouraged many students to communicate in English bra
116、vely. As a result, you have greatly enhanced the English learning atmosphere among us students.We are sorry to say goodbye for the moment, but we really hope to stay connected with you. Looking forward to the future reunion with you.Best wishes!Yours_truly，Li_Hua课时练22篇阅读1篇七选五1篇语法填空.阅读理解A(2020济南针对性训练
117、)The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2，000 birds and mammals. To date, at least 40，000 plant species, 3，000 fish, 1，294 birds, 427 mammals, 428 amphibians, and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One i
118、n five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest.The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years, and thrived even during glacial periods, allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species. Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees
119、of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old, and some trees over 1，000 years old, indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11，200 years ago. European explorers arrived in
120、the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民). By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.The Amazon rainforests has been described as the l
121、ungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen. But due to deforestation(滥伐森林), rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earths land surface, and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change. Severe deforestation began in the 20th
122、 century, with 587，000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture. The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation, and at the present rate, scientists estimate that the Amazon rainfor
123、est will be reduced by 40% in two decades.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了亚马逊热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。1Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1?ATo prove the forest untouched.BTo classify species scientifically.CTo show the diversity of species.DTo attract more attention to the Amazon region.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容并结合第二
124、段第一句中的“allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马逊热带雨林的物种多样性，故选C。2Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die?AEuropean explorers brought diseases there.BPortuguese explorers treated them badly.CA lot of trees were cut down and burned.DT
125、hey got killed by Spanish explorers.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)”可知，可能多达90%的亚马逊土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A。3What can be inferre
126、d about the Amazon rainforest?AIt has the largest number of species.BIt covers over 5% of South America.CIt is becoming larger in area.DIt is being endangered now.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句中的“at the present rate.in two decades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马逊热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D。4What may be included in the foll
127、owing paragraph?AExamples of destroying forests.BMeasures to protect rainforests.CNew settlements in the Amazon region.DWays to stop global warming.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation”可推知，亚马逊热带雨林砍伐严重，那么本文接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B。B(2020佛山高三调研)Plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to a
128、void being eaten. Some curl up their leaves, others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on themall signals of an attack. New research now shows that some flora can feel a planteating animal well before it launches an a
129、ttack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive(先发制人的) defense that even works against other pest species.When ecologist John Orrock of the University of WisconsinMadison sprayed snail slimea liquid the animals release as they slide alongonto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased
130、 their levels of an enzyme(酶), which is known to prevent planteating animals. “None of the plants were ever actually attacked，” Orrock says. “We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”Initially Orrock found this defense w
131、orked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warnings impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars(毛虫), which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated thei
132、r chemical resistance. This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival, says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.The finding that a snails approach can cause a plant response that
133、affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study. “It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such farranging effects，” Karban says. “The research was comprehensive，” he
134、adds, “but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.”“Thats the milliondollar question，” Orrock says. He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一项新的科学研究。研究表明植物会对外
135、在威胁相当警觉，会自动作出反应进行自我保护。5John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to _Amake them grow betterBgive them a warningCkeep planteating animals awayDinform planteating animals of dangerB解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cau
136、se big changes in their chemistry.”可推知，John Orrock在西红柿植株附近的泥土上喷洒液体的目的是给予植物一种警告，让它们能够产生自我保护性反应，且其与第三段第一句中的“his team measured the slimy warnings impact on another potential threat”呼应，故选B。6Why is the example of caterpillars mentioned in Paragraph 3?ATo introduce another animal.BTo confirm the result of
137、 the study.CTo appeal to people to protect animals.DTo analyze different resistance chemicals.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails；in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warnings impact on another potential threat.”可推知，文章中提到毛虫的例子是为了验证研究的结果，故选B。7What
138、does Richard Karban really want to know?AHow tomato plants become aware of danger.BWhat the chemicals in the snail slime are.CWhether the research is of practical value.DWhat the finding of the research is.A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The research was comprehensive，he adds，but he wonders how the tomato plant
139、s felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.”，并结合对最后一段的整体理解可推知，Richard Karban实际上想了解的是西红柿植株是如何意识到危险的，故选A。8What can be a suitable title for the text?AWatchful PlantsBGreedy AnimalsCA Snails Approach DA Defense AttackA解析：标题归纳题。根据文章中的关键词plant，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是有关植物的科学研究，研究发现植物有
140、对外在威胁或攻击的自我保护性反应，故选A。.七选五(2020平顶山名校模拟)Three in five people in the UK hold a library card. For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresses of daytoday life. 1._ If youre considering joining your local library, now is the time to do so. And if you need any more encouragement, here are several reas
141、ons why you should.Most libraries in the UK allow members of the general public to come and go as they like. 2._ You can also take out a library card and borrow books for free, although you will inevitably face a fine for late returns.3_ Imagine just how many books you have at your fingertips with a
142、 library card. There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the time. Its a priceless experience, especially for kids, and also a great way to level the educational playing field.Libraries develop with times. They have chang
143、ed greatly since decades ago. 4._ Some libraries have apps so you can see when your books are due back and even reserve books in some cases. There are also libraries which let you access books in digital formats on your mobile devicepretty cool.Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and
144、cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community. They have noticeboards to offer services like exercise classes or learning centres. 5._ALibraries help people learn.BLibraries help educate the kids.CThey create a great sense of community.DYou can go in,
145、 settle down and read a book without being charged a penny.EMost libraries now have computers and allow people to borrow CDs and DVDs.FLibraries help us save money as were borrowing books rather than buying them.GFor others, particularly the homeless and people in poverty, a lifeline to the world.【解
146、题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加入图书馆的原因。图书馆是人们减压的好场所，在那里人们还可以免费学习文化知识。图书馆随着时代发展，创造了一种社区意识。1G解析：根据空前一句“For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresses of daytoday life.”可知，对一些人来说，图书馆是躲避日常生活压力的庇护所；据此可推知，空处应与此对应，介绍其他人对图书馆的看法，故G项符合语境。2D解析：根据空后一句“You can also take out a library card and borrow books for free, alt
147、hough you will inevitably face a fine for late returns.”可知，你也可以拿出借书证免费借书，不过如果逾期还书，你将不可避免地面临罚款；据此可推知，空处应是介绍在图书馆免费读书的情况，故D项符合语境，衔接上下文。且D项中的“You can”与空后一句中的“You can also”相呼应。3A解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；结合对本段的整体理解，尤其是该段第三句“There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to ex
148、pand your learning and vocabulary all the time.”可知，通过阅读，你可以一直拓展你的学习，扩大你的词汇量；据此可知，该段主要说明了图书馆可以帮助人学习，故A项正确。4E解析：根据本段的主题句“Libraries develop with times.”和空后的“Some libraries have apps”可知，空处应是介绍现如今的图书馆利用现代技术设备的情况，故E项与此处匹配。5C解析：根据该段第一句“Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where mem
149、bers of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community.”可知，图书馆能让公众聚集起来成为一个社区；结合空处位置可知，空处总结该段，即图书馆创造了一种社区意识，故C项正确。.语法填空(2020洛阳、许昌质检)Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not 1._(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are pe
150、ople who dont eat meat, while vegans are people who dont eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles 2._(become) more wellknown in the UK. 3._ are Britons cutting their meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production 4._ the environm
151、ent. 5._(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their eating habits in order to become 6._(healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meatfree diet can help reduce 7._ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart
152、 disease and high blood pressure.Organic farming is 8._ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modified (转基因的) food and want their food to be 9._(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat 10._(produce) without the use of dr
153、ugs.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了英国正在流行的两大趋势，即素食主义和有机农业。1to eat解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为固定搭配decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”，故用不定式作宾语。2are becoming解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。与上文“Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK”呼应可知，此处用现在进行时，表示现在的一种趋势，且与句子主语的复数形式保持一致，故用are becoming。3Why解析：考查疑问副词。与语境中的问号呼应，并结合下文的内容可推知，此处表示对原因的疑问，故用
154、特殊疑问词Why。4on解析：考查介词。effect on sb./sth.意为“对某人/某(事)物有影响”，为固定搭配，故用介词on。5Worries解析：考查名词的单复数。worry为可数名词时，意为“令人担忧的事”，且根据语境及该句中的have可知，此处用名词的复数形式作主语。6healthier解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：为了变得更健康，其他一些人选择改变他们的饮食习惯。此处包含一个比较的概念，故用形容词比较级形式作become的表语。7the解析：考查冠词。risk被介词短语of certain cancers修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。8another解析：考查限定词。与上文“Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK”呼应可知，此处表示另外一种兴起的趋势，故用限定词another修饰名词trend，表示“再一，另一”。9organically解析：考查副词。修饰动词用副词，故用副词organically修饰动词produced。10is produced解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，produce与句子主语Organic meat是被动关系，且表示客观叙述，故用其一般现在时的被动语态形式。
