1、UNIT 9HUMAN BIOLOGY【基础回顾】核心词汇写其形1_ n. 能力，才能2_ v. 计算，核算3_ v. 创新，革新4_ n. 恢复力，复原力，适应力5_ n. 参与者，参加者6_n. 牛7_ adv. 永远；长久地8_ n. 线索；提示9_ adj. 至关重要的，关键性的10_ adj. 很有可能的，肯定会的v. 蹦蹦跳跳地跑阅读词汇知其意1biology n. _2betterment n. _3vaccine n. _4marathon n. _5athletics n. _6clone vt. _7barrier n. _8twin n. _9mammal n. _10c
2、amel n. _拓展词汇通其变1edit vi. &vt.编辑，编校_ n编辑；主编；编者_ n总编2gene n基因_ n一代3artificial adj.人造的，非自然形成的_ adv.人为地，虚假地4compare v比较_n比较5produce v生产_ n产品(农)_ n生产_ n生产商/者_ adj.生产的_ vt.复制，繁殖_ adj.可繁殖的，可复制的6whole adj.全部的，整个的_ adv.完全地7accurate adj.准确的，精确的_ adv.精确地，准确地_ n精确，准确8treat vt.治疗_ n治疗，疗法，对待方式9mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极力
3、的，极不重要的_ adv.仅仅，只不过，只是10emotion n强烈的感情_ adj.感情的_ adv. 情绪激动地高频短语记得牢1_ 度过，熬过(困难或不快的时期)；(设法)处理；完成；(用电话)接通2_ 和接触3_ 转交，传给，递给4_ 走近；上来；被提出5_ 不包括，省去；遗漏；忽视，冷落6_ 被看作7_ 由组成；由构成8_ 追踪到，追查到9_ 有记载的，有记录的典型句式懂其用1反意疑问句Its incredible, _？太不可思议了，不是吗？2either. or. 要么要么Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a pl
4、ant or animal and developing it _克隆是通过自然或人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。3insist宾语从句Researchers _ the science of cloning _ and advanced.研究人员认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。4现在分词的完成式_ 50 million people in 18 months, the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history.西班牙流感在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡，成为历史上
5、最严重的流行病。【核心考点】第一版块|重点单词1calculate vt.计算，核算calculate the total cost of the trip 算出旅行的全部费用calculate how much/how many.we need 计算我们需要多少calculate roughly 估算calculate that. 算出/预测calculate on 指望，期待It has been calculated that. 据估算calculation n. 计算；估计；算计calculator n. 计算器calculating machines 计算机calculate the
6、 cost of sth. 计算某物的费用be calculated to do sth. 打算/计划做某事calculate on sth./doing sth. 指望/依靠某事物单句语法填空I believe I have the capability of _ (calculate) the political consequences accurately.It _ (calculate) that they produced 1，000 cars this month alone.They found their computers producing different resul
7、ts from exactly the same _ (calculate).完成句子We _ (指望着)their cooperation.When did the first _ (计算机)come into being?2participant n参加者，参与者participate in(take part in) 参加participate with sb. in sth. 与某人一起参与某事participate in voluntary work 参加志愿工作participate in the contest 参加竞赛单句语法填空Encouraged by the teache
8、r, the _ actively _ in the English speech contest. Their _ inspired the rest of the class to study hard. (participate)Both teams train for two hours a day and participate _ competitions regularly.One of the _ (participate) pointed out that we had no option but to innovate.Join us _ (taste) a variety
9、 of fresh local food and drinks.3judgement(又作judgment)n评价；意见；看法；判断力judge v判断，认为n法官；裁判；鉴定人make a judgement (about.) (对)作出评价pass judgement (on sth.) (对某事)发表(批评)意见in ones judgement 在某人看来good/poor judgement 判断力强/弱a lack of judgement 缺乏判断力use ones judgement 运用某人的判断力单句语法填空_ (judge) from what you say in yo
10、ur letter, you dont sound well.As we all know, most of the ratings are based on others _ (judge) on the product or service concerned.He acted as _ judge _ the English speech contest.I cant decide for you. You need to use your own _ (judge).4treatment n诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式under treatment 在治疗中a treatment for
11、 的治疗方法give sb. treatment 为某人治疗get/have/receive treatment 接受治疗need/require treatment 需要治疗hospital/medical treatment 住院/药物治疗单句语法填空Those who got injured in the accident are now _ treatment in a local hospital.With good _ (treat) and care, Professor Smith unbelievably recovered from a heart attack withi
12、n a week.He guaranteed that he would treat us _ a big dinner if we finished the work on time.完成句子When I visited them last year, they _ (请我吃了一顿大餐).His parents have collected many different drugs to _ (治疗他的肺癌).Today you dont need to pay for the meal. _ (我请客).5crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的a crucial point 至关重要
13、的一点a crucial ingredient 关键要素a crucial battle 决定性的一战a crucial juncture 关键时刻a crucial factor 关键因素a crucial reason 关键原因a crucial resource 很重要的资源a crucial question 关键问题be crucial that. 是至关重要的be crucial to/for. 对至关重要remain crucial 依然重要单句语法填空Winning this contract is crucial _ the success of the company.It
14、 was the scholar who helped me out _ the crucial moment.Chewing properly is _ (crucial) important.完成句子Parents _ (起着至关重要的作用)in preparing their child for school.6abuse vt. &n滥用；虐待；辱骂abuse ones power/privilege/position 滥用权力/特权/职权abuse ones trust/confidence 背信弃义alcohol abuse 酗酒tobacco abuse 嗜烟drug abuse
15、 滥用药物；嗜毒child abuse 虐待儿童government officials abuse of power 政府官员的滥用职权完成句子His political reputation was ruined by his _ (滥用职权).To our sorrow, it was _ (酗酒)that ruined his fitness and life.Williams _(滥用职务)as mayor to give jobs to his friends.If you _ (吸毒), you are bound to end up in prison.7failure n失败
16、(者)end in failure 以失败告终learn through failure 从失败中学习suffer a complete failure 遭受一次彻底的失败heart failure 心脏衰竭fail vi. 失败(反义词succeed)fail to do sth. 没有做成某事fail in (doing) sth. 在方面失败了fail in sth. 缺乏；在方面不足fail of sth. 在上不能达到单句语法填空_ (fail) is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.We are o
17、ften ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our _ (fail).He is partly successful in the plan but failed _ its purpose.He writes well, but fails _ imagination.一句多译他没通过这次考试。He _ (pass) the examination.He _ (pass) the examination.He _ the examination.8inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的n部下，属下；劣等人/物infer
18、ior court 初级法庭inferior officer 下级军官inferior limit 下限inferior by comparison 相形见绌inferior in. 在方面低下的inferior to. 低于，劣于；比差/次单句语法填空The house he bought is inferior _ quality.What I bought at the market is inferior _ what he bought there.The implication in his article is that being a housewife is greatly
19、inferior _ every other occupation.完成句子鉴定会上，专家们指出这种方法优于其他方法。At the appraising meeting, specialists stated this method _ others.9impulse n(神经)冲动，(电)脉冲pulse n脉搏v跳动on impulse 一时冲动，心血来潮resist the impulse 克制冲动brotherly impulse 激动手足的情分；手足般的情分electrical impulses 电脉冲nerve impulses 神经冲动give an impulse to. 促进h
20、ave a sudden impulse to do sth. 突然心血来潮做某事under impulse 在冲动驱使下feel sb.s pulse 摸某人的脉单句语法填空The plan will give _ impulse _ industrial expansion(扩展).The boy escaped from school _ impulse.You and I have _ (brother) impulse and should keep in touch after graduation from university.He cant resist the impuls
21、e _ (go) on holiday.完成句子为了获得决赛资格，一些运动员冲动行事，不计代价。To get the qualification for the final, some athletes acted _ without counting the cost.10variation n变化物，变体；差异，变动vary v变化；相异；改变vary from.to. 从到变化vary between.and. 从到不等vary in 在方面不同vary with. 随而变化vary from place to place 各地不同vary from person to person 因
22、人而异vary with the seasons 随季节而变化vary in colour and size 色彩和大小各异完成句子Our customs _ (各地不同).有各种各样的果树和动物。There are different kinds of fruit trees as well as _ animals.单句语法填空People vary _ preference for colour.Theres no doubt that customs vary _ the times.Take it easy! Jackets are available in _ (vary) col
23、ours.Disneyland, a fantasy amusement park, which offers a _ (vary) of attractions for tourists, brings you into a magical world.This soup is a spicy _ (vary) on a traditional favourite.This delicious _ (vary) on chocolate flakes is quick and easy to prepare.11.classify vt.将分类；把归入一类classify.as. 把归类为c
24、lassify.according to. 根据把分类classify.into. 把分成be classified by/according to 根据分类be classified into. 被分成be classified as. 被划分为classification method 分类方法classification system 分类系统；分类制度单句语法填空It is required that the books in the library should be _ (classify) by different topics.From the classical class,
25、 the student with glasses knows the _ (classify) of classics.It means we have not allowed ourselves _ (classify) as objects.The application form has now been _ (simple).完成句子Men in the post office _(根据将邮件分类) places it is to go.We usually _ types of characters _ (把划分为)good and bad.12opposed adj.与某事物相反
26、；反对某事物，不赞成某事物oppose v反对be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事as opposed to. 与截然相反；而，相对于the opposing team 对方球队a player from the opposing side 一名对方的运动员split into two opposing camps 分裂成两个对立的阵营opposing views 对立的观点be opposite to. 与相反in the opposite direction 向相反的方向have the opposite effect 起反作用the opposite of
27、. 的对立物exactly/just the opposite 恰恰相反live opposite 住在对面sit opposite 坐在对面in opposition to sb. /sth. 强烈反对/抵制某人/某事物单句语法填空Many local people opposed _ (build) the new airport.The majority of members were opposed _ my proposal, which upset me greatly.We are strongly _ (oppose) to racial prejudice.There are
28、 200 people who attended, as opposed _ 300 the previous year.To tell the truth, I am strongly opposed to _ (clone) any kind of animals no matter what circumstances.同义句转换I was against the unfair judgement._13widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的；普遍的，广泛的the widespread use of chemicals in agriculture 化学品在农业中的广泛使用a
29、 widespread hobby 一种广泛的爱好deep and widespread concern 深切而广泛的关注widespread support 普遍支持widespread damage 大面积的损坏完成句子The high cost prohibits the _(广泛应用)of the drug.The plan received _(普遍支持)throughout the country.The new laws gained _ (普遍认同).This disease has _ (广泛的影响)in some areas.14actual adj.实际的，真实的actu
30、al buying power 实际购买力actual cash value 实际现金价值actual line 实线actual shares (股票)实股actual situation 当前情况/实际情况actual experience 实际经验in actual fact 实际上，事实上单句语法填空Most people work because its unavoidable. By contrast, there are some people who _ (actual) enjoy work._ (actual), it was human behaviour that re
31、sulted in the catastrophe._ actual fact，I havent made sense of what the specialist said at the meeting.As _ matter of fact, it is a widespread concern for the parents to see their children addicted to the mobile phone.完成句子_ (事实上), everybody has limitless potential.15parallel n(不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，相似
32、adj.平行的vt.与媲美，与相似be parallel to/with. 与平行without parallel/have no parallel 无可匹敌in parallel(with sth./sb.) (与某事/某人)同时two parallel examples 两个相似的例子have a close parallel to. 和很相似单句语法填空This road runs parallel _ the railroad.The town has a close parallel _ this.完成句子The two lines are two _ (平行线).Youd bett
33、er parellel this book _ (与那本书).Your experience _ (与我的相似).很显然，这是一场在世界其他地方都没有出现过的生态灾难。Its evidently an ecological disaster with _ anywhere else in the world.16corresponding adj.相应的，对应的correspond vi. 符合，相一致；相当；通信correspond to/with sth. 与某物一致correspond with sb. 与某人通信correspond regularly 经常通信corresponden
34、ce n. 通信；一致；符合keep up/hold up correspondence with sb. 与某人(保持)通信联系in correspondence with 与一致；与有通信联系by/through correspondence 通过通信hold correspondence with sb. 与某人保持通信welcome correspondence from sb. 欢迎某人的来信单句语法填空He has got both _ (correspond) education and talents and is by all means equal to this job.
35、The account of the witness doesnt correspond _ what the driver said.完成句子The written record of his conversation didnt _ (与一致) what was actually said.We try to keep _ (理论与实践的一致).17.identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别identify.among. 在中辨认出identify oneself as an old friend 自称是一位老朋友identify sb. as. 认出某人是identify sb./
36、sth. by. 根据/凭借辨认出identify oneself 说出/证明自己的身份identify sb./sth. through sth. 通过辨认出identify sth. with sth. 认为等同于identify sb./oneself with sb./sth. 觉得与有联系/牵连；支持单句语法填空First we need to _ (identity) actual and potential problems.The two pictures are similar, although not _ (identity).The handwriting on bot
37、h checks is _ (identify).Dont identify opinions _ facts.She can identify his own child _ the big crowd of children.We can identify the virus _ microscopes.The porters may be identified _ their red caps.His _ (identify) with the hero of the book made him sleepless.18suspect n嫌疑犯；嫌疑分子；可疑对象v怀疑；觉得(尤指坏事可
38、能属实或发生)suspect that. 怀疑/觉得suspect sb. to be. 怀疑某人是suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事suspect sb./sth. 怀疑某人/某事be suspicious of/about 怀疑suspicion n. 怀疑，嫌疑；看法，感觉suspicious adj. 怀疑的，可疑的make sb. suspicious about. 使某人对产生怀疑be right to be suspicious of sb./sth. 怀疑是对的have reason to be suspicious of sb./st
39、h. 有理由怀疑have a right to be suspicious of sb./sth. 有权怀疑单句语法填空The girls necklace was missing. It seemed that she suspected me _ stealing it.The man, _ (suspect) of stealing the jewels from the shop, was missing last night.The police suspected _ she was related to the robbery.Much to our surprise, the
40、honestlooking person should _ (suspect) of credit cheating.完成句子They _ him _ (怀疑) supporting the party in secret.He _ (被怀疑) carrying illegal goods, so his bag was searched by the police.19restore v使恢复restore ones sight 恢复某人的视力restore the documents 恢复文件restore our faith 恢复我们的信心restore sth. to sth. 使某物
41、恢复到某种状态restore sb. to sb. 把某人交还给某人restore sb. to sth. 使某人恢复到程度单句语法填空His recent success has helped to restore his faith _ his own _ (able).He restored the music _ the music stand.20.arrest vt. &n逮捕；拘留arrest criminals 逮捕罪犯get arrested 被逮捕arrest sb. for sth. 因某事逮捕某人arrest sb. in connection with sth. 因与
42、某事有关而逮捕某人be under arrest 被逮捕place/put sb. under arrest (arrest sb.) 逮捕某人put sb. under house arrest 某人被软禁单句语法填空He got arrested _ careless driving.A man _ (arrest) in connection with the robbery.He was put _ arrest in connection with the _ (rob).完成句子He _ (被软禁) for some political reasons.第二版块|重点短语1be d
43、evoted to专心于/致力于的；献身的；挚爱的devote oneself to 献身于，致力于devote ones life/time/energy/attention to. 把某人的生命/时间/精力/注意力奉献于devote vt. 奉献devotion n. 挚爱；奉献devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的be devoted to sb. 深爱某人be devoted to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事They are devoted to their children.他们深爱着自己的孩子。The specialist has been devot
44、ed to helping the farmers to raise crop production these years.这些年来，这位专家一直致力于帮助农民提高农作物产量。Qian Xuesen devoted himself entirely to science.钱学森把一生都献给了科学事业。He devoted most of his time to his painting.他把大部分时间用于绘画。单句语法填空As we all know, he is a generous, _ (devote), reliable and warmhearted friend.Mr Reed
45、made up his mind to devote all he had to _ (set) up some schools for poor children.Fans will show their _ (devote) by waiting for hours to get tickets for their favourite singers concert.We devoted a lot of time to _ (persuade) the stubborn old man to change his mind.完成句子You will never achieve succe
46、ss unless you _ (致力于)your work.He was determined to _ (将自己的余生献给)folk music.2be viewed as被看作view vt.观看；看待n景色；观点；视野view.as. 把看作in ones view 在某人看来in view of sth. 鉴于，考虑到on view 在展出take the long view 从长远来考虑come into view 进入视野单句语法填空Thoreau viewed man _ an inextricable part of nature._ her view, from Beiji
47、ngs traffic and air quality, the limit line is still a relatively good measure.完成句子Mao Zedong _ (被看作) the greatest leader in the history of China.As there were no curtains to the stage, any change of properties had to be made _ (在看得见的地方) the audience._ (鉴于) his stern opposition, no other course rema
48、ined to us to give up the whole idea.3at ones best处在最好状态；全盛时期One should never be proud even when he is at his best.一个人在最得意时也绝不应骄傲。We must make the best of every minute to build the fence in case the goats slip out.我们必须抓紧每一分钟把篱笆盖好，以防山羊溜出来。do/try ones best (at) (在某一方面)尽全力make the best of 充分利用；尽力而为；妥善处
49、理best of all 最好的是完成句子When Im tired, Im _ (没在我最好的状态).The store also has secondhand books and CDs/DVDs with the idea _ (充分利用)the used things.单句语法填空The photographer was never _ her best early in the morning.A man is bound to be successful if only he will do _ best.4cut down on削减，减少cut down 削减；砍倒cut awa
50、y 剪去；切除；砍掉cut out 裁剪；删除cut up 切碎cut off 切掉；阻碍；中断cut in 插嘴；插队cut through/across 抄近路穿过单句语法填空Sadly, despite the warning, there are still many trees being cut _The electricity was cut _ for several days.Please cut _ the vegetables into small pieces.完成句子As far as I am concerned, you should _ (减少)the fat
51、you take in every day.After retirement, I feel I have been _ (与外界隔绝)for ages.We were talking about the general tendency of the world economy when Tim _ (插话).5.be responsible for负责；对负责responsible adj.负责的；有责任的responsibility n责任；义务be responsible for doing sth. 有责任做某事/负责做某事be responsible to sb. 对某人负责hav
52、e/take responsibility for. 对有责任/负责a sense of responsibility 责任感escape/avoid responsibility 逃避/回避责任Its sb.s responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责/责任单句语法填空He is responsible _ morals and _ law.The children are responsible _ cleaning their own rooms.I am responsible _ our mayor _ it.Being ill today is res
53、ponsible _ his absence from school.6go into detail详述，详细叙述the detailed information 详细的信息give full detail 详述overlook detail 忽视细节details of. 某事的详细情况workout detail 定出细目a matter of detail 一桩琐事chief detail 主要细节dry detail 枯燥的细节an eye for detail 明察秋毫minor detail 次要的细节单句语法填空Now lets go _ detail and take a cl
54、oser look at each of the trends presented above.We examine the wording _ detail before deciding on the final text.完成句子He doesnt _(详述)about how the stories happened.7on record有记载的；有记录的；在历史记录中record a new album 录制新专辑keep a record of 把记下来hold a record 保持纪录break a record 打破纪录set a record 创造纪录record play
55、er 唱机listen to/play a record 听/播放唱片for the record 供记录在案，为准确起见off the record 私底下on (the) record 记录在案的，有记录的单句语法填空That season, I broke all of Millers _(record) while he watched the home games from the bench.完成句子做好记录，每周评估一次。_ and evaluate it weekly.去年是有记录以来最热的一年，全球气温比平均值高出0.68 。Last year was the warmest
56、 year _， with global temperature 0.68 above the average.同义句转换He _ (record) her expenses every day.He keeps _ her expenses every day.8leave out不包括，省去；遗漏；忽视，冷落leave out the detail 省去具体细节leave out a letter 漏掉一个字母leave out a possibility 忽略一种可能性feel left out 感觉被冷落not want to be left out 不想被冷落leave for 动身
57、去leave for Beijing 动身去北京leave alone 不管；不打扰leave me alone 不要打扰我leave aside 搁置一边，不考虑leave behind 忘记带走；留下；丢弃leave off 不列入；遗漏；停止，中断leave room for. 为留下空间/余地be left over 被剩下单句语法填空There should be twelve books in the box, but there are only eleven in fact. They must have left one _Why was his name _ (leave)
58、 _ the list?There were some seats _ (leave) _ when everyone sat down.When I got to the office, I realized I had left my cellphone _ in the bedroom.9track down跟踪找到；追查到；搜寻到track n. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道vt. 追踪；跟踪railway/railroad tracks 铁路轨道a running track 赛跑跑道keep track of 记录；与保持联系；了解的动态lose track of 与失去联系lose a
59、ll track of time 完全忘了时间be on track 步入正轨get/be off the track 离题；偏离目标back on track 重新步入正确轨道be on the right/wrong track 思路正确/错误完成句子The salesman was determined to _ (追踪到/追查到) the cause of the food spoilage.This allowed us to find changes easily, and if needed to _ (找到，查找) any performance issues._ (记下) y
60、our efforts and write down how you feel.Ive _ (已经忘记了) how many times he called last week._ (了解情况) childrens use of social media.单句语法填空The Internet helps to identify and track _ the perpetrators (罪犯) but increasingly it is becoming part of the problem.We followed the bears _ (track) in the snow.第三版块|
61、典型句式1反意疑问句教材原句Its incredible, isnt it?太不可思议了，不是吗？句式分析此句运用了反意疑问句。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称、时态应保持一致。(1)陈述部分肯定式疑问部分否定式(2)陈述部分否定式疑问部分肯定式(3)若陈述部分含有seldom，hardly, never，few，nothing等否定词或半否定词，其疑问部分要用肯定式。(4)若陈述部分含有带否定前缀如un，im，dis的词，疑问部分仍用否定式。The lawyer wouldnt believe you, would he?那位律师不相信你
62、的话，是吗？He said nothing to the waiting journalists，did he？他对等候的记者什么也没说，是吗？Meeting again is impossible except in a dream, isnt it？要相逢，除非是梦里团圆，是不是？There was nothing in the room, was there?房间里什么也没有，是吗？基础练习单句语法填空You didnt attend the conference, _ you?No, I _/Yes, I _You dislike sports, _ you?She is not go
63、od at playing the violin, _ she?Someone is expecting you, _ he?2insist后的宾语从句教材原句Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.研究人员主张，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。句式分析本句是一个复合句，insist后接了that引导的宾语从句。(1) insist后接that从句，表示“坚持，坚决要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。(2) in
64、sist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，从句用陈述语气。Our English teacher insists that we should speak English in and out of class.英语老师坚持要我们在课堂内外都讲英语。The scholar insisted that this graduation paper was partly based on one in a magazine and that the student (should) write it a second time.这位学者坚持认为，这篇毕业论文部分是基于一本杂志上的一篇文章，坚决要求该学生应
65、该再写一遍。基础练习完成句子She was stubborn and insisted that the work _ (完成)ahead of schedule.The doctor requested that you _ (不要吃任何东西)within half an hour after doing some sports.能力提升单句语法填空He insisted that he _ (do) nothing wrong and _ (set) free.The captain demanded that all the seamen _ (prepare) for sail.He
66、advised that his grandma _ (make) good use of her spare time.It is required that all the crops _ (harvest) before daybreak.3whether.or.不管还是教材原句How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument.怎样使用它，究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，完全取决于人类自己，而不取决于工具。句式分析本句是
67、一个复合句。how it is used，whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind均为主语从句。whether.or.作“是还是”讲，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，用于提供两种选择。Whether theyll have a picnic or not depends on the weather.他们是否去野餐要看天气。(主语从句)Whether they consider this opinion or ignore it is not clear. (It is not clear whether they consi
68、der this opinion or ignore it.)他们是考虑这个意见还是忽视它还不清楚。(主语从句)Whether you are a farmer or a specialist, you both should obey the rules.无论你是农民还是专家，你都应该遵守规则。(让步状语从句)whether用法小结whether除了用于“whether.or.”结构外，还可用于“whether.or not”“whether or not.”结构，这三个结构既可以引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。基础练习完成句子无论你走还是留在这里，我必须回家。_ you go _ s
69、tay here, I must go home.无论你是贫穷还是富有，你都必须为成功而奋斗。_， you have to struggle for success.不管你挣钱多还是少，对我没有影响。It makes no difference to me _无论你是否喜欢它，我都不会改变主意。_， I will not change my mind.4prove to be.证明是教材原句In comparison with other species, cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”， and doing so with no
70、nreproductive cells was even more complicated.与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。句式分析prove既可用作系动词，也可用作实义动词，在本句中，prove用作系动词，后面可接“to ben./adj./prep.phrase”，to be一般可以省略。The first attempt proved (to be) successful.第一次尝试证明是成功的。The report proved to be false.该报告被证明是假的。She proved a good mother.她证明是个好母亲
71、。The difficulty was how the young employee could prove his ideas to other scientists.困难在于年轻的雇员怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法。The experiment proved his theory to be crucial to our research.实验证明他的理论对我们的研究是至关重要的。He proved himself to be worthy of promotion.他证明自己是值得提升的。基础练习单句语法填空She proved _ (he) to be the thief.These p
72、apers will prove _ you that he is _ (innocence).These papers will prove you _ (innocence).He was _ (prove) _ (be) guilty.It was _ (prove) soon that he was _ (guilt).I shall prove the _ (true) of my words.5with宾语宾补(with复合结构可作状语或定语)教材原句With recent press reports drawing parallels between bird flu and k
73、iller epidemics of the past, Jim Smith looks at the sometimes depressing history of epidemics.最近有新闻报道，吉姆史密斯将禽流感和过去致命的流行病做对比，在屡屡令人感到沮丧的流行病史中寻找句式分析With recent press reports drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics of the past为with复合结构作状语。常在句中作状语，表示原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有：(1)with宾语形容词He
74、determined to return to his homeland with the situation there depressing.他决心回国，因为那里的局势令人沮丧。(2)with宾语副词He left the office，with the light on.他开着灯离开了办公室。(3)with宾语现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)With the specialist directing him, he has made up his mind to grow his own vegetables in greenhouses.在专家的指导下，他决定自己种植大棚蔬菜。(4)wi
75、th宾语过去分词(表示被动或已经完成)With all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.所有工作都做完了，他们匆忙回家吃午饭。(5)with宾语动词不定式(表示尚未发生)With so many things to deal with, I cant go on holiday.有这么多的事要处理，我不能去度假。(6)with宾语介词短语He came in with a book in his hand.他进来了，手里拿着一本书。Do you know the lady with a baby in her arms?你
76、认识那个抱着婴儿的女士吗？(with复合结构作定语)基础练习单句语法填空With the exact date _ (settle), it is time for us to plan for the basketball tournament.The whole playground was excited, with the audience _ (cheer) enthusiastically for the athletes.With air pollution _ (get) worse, the government needs to come up with some effe
77、ctive measures to deal with it.With so many goats and cattle _ (attend) to, the little boy was depressed, because he couldnt play with his friends.With everything she needed _ (buy), she went home happily.With too many people _ (stare) at her, the little girl was very nervous and couldnt speak fluen
78、tly.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ (lay) for a meal to be cooked.能力提升完成句子The old man walked in _(手里拄着一根拐杖).6.现在分词短语作结果状语教材原句Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the areas population died from the epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Rom
79、an Empire.现今科学家们估计发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。句式分析通常放在句末。有时为了突出结果，现在分词前可加thus或therefore，相当于so或so that引导的结果状语从句。Carbon burns in oxygen or air, therefore forming carbon dioxide.碳在氧气或空气中燃烧，因而形成了二氧化碳。基础练习单句语法填空It rained heavily, _ (cause) severe flooding in that country.He managed to contain him
80、self at the meeting yesterday, _ (avoid) a conflict with his boss.We hurried to the station, only _ (tell) that the train had left.He underlined the sentences that he didnt understand, _ (make) it easier for him to turn to his teacher.Yesterday I went to see him, only _ (learn) that he had gone abro
81、ad two days before.He comes home very late every evening, _ (make) his wife very angry.【跟踪演练】.单词拼写1What was so impressive about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the _ (马拉松) barefooted.2Ministers agreed that this decision was fully _ (证明有道理) by economic conditions.3He _ (推断)from t
82、he latest survey that the case attracted many adventure fans.4Throughout the _ (编辑) of this book, we have had much support and encouragement from the participants.5As a lawyer, I would deprecate any sort of legal control on _ (基因)therapy at this stage.6There was no real _ (障碍，壁垒)between reality and
83、fantasy in his mind.7All substances, whether they are gaseous, liquid or solid, are made of _ (原子).8_ (神经)cells, after all, do not have intelligence of their own.9Evidence shows that smoking harms nearly every _(器官)of the body.10The FDA has approved a new treatment for a _(罕见的)blood disorder.11There
84、 may contain a variety of forms of data distribution in the _ (准线)data.12She remained bitterly _ (反对)to the idea of moving abroad.单句语法填空1Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of _ (resilient), so we need stimulating activities and good rests.2As an active _ (participate) in multiple volunteer wor
85、k, I have a lot of experience in serving others.3This assumption will _ (justify) by the work of the architects and builders.4Life for the successful doctor can be _ (emotion) and financially rewarding.5The evidence at hand suggests that he _ (abuse) his power.6The best way to build an _ (artificial
86、) intelligent device would be to build it around the same sort of advanced skills.7The elderly man was doubly attracted to the houseby its size and its _ (locate).8_ (crossword), electronic games and riddles can all improve your brains speed and memory.9A large amount of money _ (spend) on junk food
87、 every year.10Specialists remain unclear as to why the danger appears to have been _ (steady) increasing.11The accord _ (underline) Italys global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.12Doctors examine their patients _ (thorough) in order to make the correct diagnosis.单句写作1从这台新的望远镜里竟能看到那么多
88、的星体，这把她惊呆了。(be amazed at)_2为了作出准确的诊断，医生会对病人进行彻底的检查。(不定式作目的状语)_3无论你接不接受我们的保险提议，你都可以免费得到一份礼物。(whether.or not)_4校长坚持认为我们应该充分利用每分钟准备考试。(insist that)_5图书馆坐落在一个安静的建筑里，离公交线路很近。(be located in)_6我们有责任不断判断规则是否有帮助。(responsibility)_7看完这则新闻，我震惊得半晌无语。(现在分词的完成式)_8不可否认的事实是，他们在负责这座伟大的建筑。(同位语从句)_9新闻发布管理部门可根据工作需要向社会发布
89、新闻。(省略结构)_10它们的历史可以追溯到12世纪，可以认为是西欧最稀有的历史建筑。(claim)_UNIT 9HUMAN BIOLOGY基础回顾自主排查区核心词汇1capability2.calculate3.innovate4.resilience5participant6.cattle7.forever8.clue9.crucial10.bound阅读词汇1生物学2.改良，改善，提高3.疫苗4.马拉松5.田径运动会6.克隆7.障碍；壁垒8.双胞胎中的一个9.哺乳动物10.骆驼拓展词汇1editoreditorinchief2.generation3.artificially4compa
90、rison5.productproductionproducerproductivereproducereproducible6.wholly7.accuratelyaccuracy8treatment9.merely10.emotionalemotionally高频短语1get throughe into contact with3.pass on4come up5.leave out6.be viewed as7.consist of8track down9.on record典型句式1isnt it2either naturally or artificially3insist that
91、should be further explored4Having killed up to核心考点互动探究区第一版块|重点单词1calculatinghas been calculatedcalculationcalculate oncalculating machine2participantsparticipatedparticipationinparticipantsto taste3Judgingjudgementainjudgement4undertreatmenttotreated me to a big dinnertreat him for his lung cancerIt
92、s my treat 5toatcruciallyplay a crucial role6abuse of poweralcohol abuseabused his positionabuse drugs7Failurefailuresofinfailed to passfailed in passingfailed8intotowas superior to9antoonbrotherlyto goon impulse10vary from place to placea variety ofinwithvariousvarietyvariationvariation11classified
93、classificationto be classifiedsimplifiedclassify mail according toclassifyas12buildingtoopposedtocloningI opposed the unfair judgement.I was opposed to the unfair judgement.I objected to the unfair judgement.13widespread usewidespread supportwidespread acceptancea widespread influence14actuallyActua
94、llyInaActually/In fact/In actual fact/As a matter of fact15to/withtoparallel lineswith that oneparallels mineno parallel16correspondingto/withcorrespond to/withcorrespondence between theory and practice17identifyidenticalidenticalwithamongthrough/underbyidentification18ofsuspectedthatbe suspectedsus
95、pectedofwas suspected of19inabilityto20forhas been arrestedunderrobberywas put under house arrest第二版块|重点短语1devotedsettingdevotionpersuadingdevote yourself to/are devoted todevote the rest of his life to2asInis viewed asin view ofIn view of3not at my bestto make the best ofathis4downoffupcut down onc
96、ut offcut in5ininfortoforfor6intoingo into detail7recordsKeep a recordon recordrecordsa record of8outleftoffleftoverbehind9track downtrack downKeep track oflost track ofKeep track ofdowntracks第三版块|典型句式1diddidntdiddontisisnt2(should) be finished(should) not eat anythinghad done(should) be set(should)
97、 prepare(should) make(should) be harvested3WhetherorWhether you are poor or richwhether you earn more or lessWhether you like it or not4himtoinnocentinnocentprovedto beprovedguilty truth5settledcheeringgettingto attendboughtstaringlaidwith a stick in his hand6causingavoidingto be toldmakingto learnm
98、aking跟踪演练强化提升区.1marathon2.justified3.inferred4.editing5.gene6barrier7.atoms8.Nerve9.organ10.rare11baseline12.opposed.1resilience2.participant3.be justified4.emotionally5.has abused6.artificially7location8.Crosswords9.is spent10steadily11.underlined12.thoroughly.1She was amazed at the number of stars
99、 the new telescope revealed.2Physicians examine their patients thoroughly (in order) to make a correct diagnosis.3You are entitled to a free gift whether you accept our offer of insurance or not.4The head teacher insisted that we should make full use of every minute to prepare for the exams.5The lib
100、rary is located in a quiet structure and its close to bus lines.6We have responsibility to continuously measure whether the rules are helpful or not.7Having finished the news, I was shocked to be speechless for a whole while.8There is no gainsaying the fact that they have been responsible for the great building.9This designated management organization can release news to the general public when necessary.10Dating from as far back as the 12th century, they are claimed to be the rarest historic buildings in western Europe.