1、Unit3SectionDiscoveringUsefulStructures.单句语法填空1Morethan50,000yuan_(raise)forthepoorfamilysincethegroupwasfounded.2Chinasspaceprogram_(develop)greatlysinceitsentitsfirstastronauttospacein2003.3Computerscience, withwhichrapidprogress_(make)inrecentyears, playsaveryimportantpartinourdailylife.4Uptonow,
2、 morethanfivenewspecies_(find)onthisislandbyresearchers.5BlackFriday_(regard)asthebeginningoftheholidayshoppingseasonforyears.6Sincetheearly1990s, alotofclinics_(found)inthiscountrytotreatpoorpeopleforfree.7Thebalancebetweenthecityandthecountry_(break)bytheindustrialdevelopmentoverthepasttwocenturie
3、s.8Someefforts_(make)toimprovetheairqualityinthecitylastwinter.9Overthepastthreeyears, thepaintings_(take)tomorethan20museumsintheworld.10Forcenturies, theancientlanguage_(pass)onfromonegenerationtoanother.阅读理解AIfyouusesocialmediatochaseawayloneliness, anewstudysuggeststhatyouregoing_against_the_gra
4、in.Wemayhaveheardalotaboutthebenefitsofinteractingwithothersonline, butthefindingsofastudyconductedbyscientistsfromtheUniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicineshowadirectrelationshipbetweensocialmediausageandfeelingsofisolation(孤独).Inshort, themoretimeyouspendonsocialmedia, thelonelieryoumayfeel.Within
5、creasingusageofalargenumberofappsthatallowforendlessvirtualconnectivity, lonelinessseemslikethelastproblemfrequentsocialmediauserswouldface, butaccordingtoBrainA.Primack, theleaderofthestudy, ithastheexactoppositeeffect.“Mentalhealthproblemsandsocialisolationarewidespreadamongyoungadultsnowadays，”Pr
6、imacksaid.“Wearenaturallysocialcreatures, butmodernlifetendstoseparateusinsteadofbringingustogether.Whileitmayseemthatsocialmediapresentsopportunitiestofillthesocialvoid(空白), Ithinkthisstudysuggeststhatitmaynotbethesolutionpeoplewerehopingfor.”Primackandhisteamexaminedthesocialmediahabitsof1,787US.a
7、dultsagedbetween19and32viaaquestionnairethataskedaboutthefrequencyandthetimetheyspentonthemostpopularsocialmediaplatforms.Eventually, theydeterminedthatyoungadultswhoareconstantlylogginginsocialmediaarelonelierthanthosewithlesssocialmediausage.Frequentexposuretounrealisticdescriptionsonsocialmediain
8、steadoffacetofacesocialinteractionsmaygivepeopletheimpressionthatothersarelivinghappierandhavemoresociablelives, andthismaymakeusersfeelmoreisolatedincomparison.1Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“goingagainstthegrain”inParagraph1mean?ADoingitallwrong.BOnthewaytosuccess.CTakingarisk.DMakingadifference.2How
9、didPrimackandhisteamconductthestudy?AByprovidingexplanations.BBycollectingdataonline.CBydoingasurvey.DBydescribingtheirownexperiences.3Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?AYouwillfeelhappierifyouspendmoretimeonline.BOnlineinteractionisnotthesolutiontosocialisolation.CVirtualconnectivityisthebestwaytofillthes
10、ocialvoid.DPopularsocialmediaplatformscanbringpeopletogether.BYoucanoftenchooseaprivatesettingwhenyoubrowse(浏览)theInternet.Butbeforewarned: Itmaynotaffordasmuchprivacyasyouexpect.Thatsthefindingofanewstudy.Majorwebbrowsersofferaprivatebrowsingoption.Itssometimesreferredtoas“incognito(隐姓埋名的)”.Thisopt
11、ionletsyousurftheInternetandsavesarecordintoitshistoryofeachpagethatyouvisit.Andwhatsitesyouvisitwontaffectthesuggestionsyourbrowsermakesthenexttimeyourefillingoutanonlineform.Manypeoplebelieveincorrectlythattheincognitosettingprotectsthemmorebroadly.Mostbelieveitevenafterreadingawebbrowsersexplanat
12、ionoftheincognitomode.Forinstance, anewstudyhad460peoplereadwebbrowsersdescriptionsofprivatebrowsing.Eachpersonreadoneof13descriptions.Thentheparticipantsansweredquestionsabouthowprivatetheythoughttheirbrowsingwouldbewhileusingthistool.Thevolunteersdidntunderstandtheincognitomode.Thiswastruenomatter
13、whichbrowserexplanationtheyhadread.TheresearchersreportedtheirfindingsonApril26attheWorldWideWebConference2018inLyon, France.Morethanhalfofthevolunteersthoughtthatiftheyloggedinanaccountofasearchenginethroughaprivatewindow, itwouldntkeeparecordoftheirsearchhistory.Thatsnottrue.Andaboutoneineveryfour
14、participantsthoughtprivatebrowsinghidtheirdevicesIPaddress.Thatsalsowrong.BlaseUrwasoneofthestudysauthors.HesanexpertincomputersecurityandprivacyattheUniversityofChicagoinIllinois.“Companiescouldclearupthisconfusionbygivingbetterexplanationsoftheincognitomode，”histeamsaid.Forexample, thebrowsersshou
15、ldavoidvague(模糊的)expressions.Awebbrowser, forinstance, promisesusersthat“yoursecretsaresafe”.Nope.Anotherencouragesusersto“browselikenooneswatching”.Infact, someonemightbe.(Ifyoudliketoknowmoreabouttheresearchinformation, pleaseclickhere.)4Whatistheresearchersaimbydoingthestudy?ATocheckthesafetyofbr
16、owsersofleadingcompanies.BTofindusersknowledgeaboutprivatebrowsingmode.CTotrackyoungwebusersbrowsinghabits.DTotestanewtooltomaintaintheInternet.5The“incognito”modeisbelievedtobeableto_.ArecordonespasswordsBgiveawarningofinsecurelinksChelphideonesbrowsinghistoryDaccessonesfavoritewebsitequickly6Whati
17、stheauthorspurposebywritingthelastparagraph?AReportinganewfinding.BPuttingforwardasuggestion.CIntroducingawebbrowser.DCorrectingamisunderstanding.完形填空Lastweek26yearoldZiontookaseatandputhisfoodonatableataMcDonalds.Hewasintendingto_1_breakfastbyhimselfwhen70yearoldJan, whoislivingalone, _2_Zion.Thens
18、heaskedinaweakvoice_3_shecouldsharethetablewithhim.Zionsaid“yes”_4_.Zionintroducedhimselfandshookthelittleladys_5_hand.Theyhadamealtogetherandspentthenext45minutesenjoyingeachothers_6_andsharingstoriesabouttheirlives.Liketheywerefriends, theytalkedand_7_together.Whentheirtimetogethercametoanend, the
19、yexchangednumberswiththeintentionofhavinga_8_againsoon.Zionisgladthathis_9_conversationwithJancouldinspiresomanypeople, buthesaysthatheismostlyjusthappytohaveanew_10_.Hesaysthatheisvery_11_tosetupanotherbreakfastdate.“Ill_12_trying, ”saidZion.“Iknowifwehadforevershewouldhavea_13_formeforeveryday.”Ev
20、erystrangerhasthe_14_tofosteranewfriendship.Their_15_storyhasbeenpostedonsocialmediaanditmeltsourhearts.NowtheyareInternetfamous.,1A.prepareBorderCeatDfinish2A.invitedBapproachedCrecognizedDgreeted3A.thatBwhenChowDif4A.enthusiasticallyBcasuallyCnervouslyDanxiously5A.delicateBstrongCwrinkledDskilled6
21、A.successBpeaceCfreedomDcompany7A.laughedBplayedCcheeredDteased8A.visitBbreakfastCshareDcall9A.briefBsweetCprivateDserious10A.friendBstartCtargetDopportunity11A.upsetBfrightenedCproudDexcited12A.startBkeepCadvocateDconsider13A.giftBfoodCstoryDsponsor14A.potentialBintentionCfortuneDconfidence15A.stra
22、ngeBfamiliarCamusingDtouching课时作业8.单句语法填空1hasbeenraised2.hasbeendeveloped3.hasbeenmade4.havebeenfound5.hasbeenregarded6.havebeenfounded7.hasbeenbroken8.weremade9.havebeentaken10.hasbeenpassed.阅读理解A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，人们在社交媒体上花的时间越多，可能会感到越孤独。1答案与解析：A词义猜测题。由第一段的内容以及第二段的最后一句可知，如果你用社交媒体来排解孤独，一项新的研究表明这是在违
23、反常理。简而言之，你在社交媒体上花的时间越多，可能会感到越孤独。所以通过语境可以判断出，第一段中加下划线的短语“goingagainstthegrain”与“Doingitallwrong”意思相近。故选A。2答案与解析：C细节理解题。由第五段的第一句可知，Primack和他的团队通过问卷调查了1787名19岁到32岁的美国成年人的社交媒体习惯，询问他们使用最受欢迎的社交媒体平台的频率和所花费的时间。所以Primack和他的团队是通过做一个调查进行这项研究的。故选C。3答案与解析：B推理判断题。由第四段的最后一句可知，虽然社交媒体似乎提供了填补社交空白的机会，但研究表明，这可能并不是人们过去所
24、希望的解决方案。由此可知，在线互动并不是解决孤独的办法。故选B。B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。人们浏览互联网时，经常可以选择一个隐私设置，但这可能没有想象的那么保护人们的隐私。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thentheparticipantsanswered.explanationtheyhadread”可知，研究人员进行这项研究的目的是调查用户对隐私浏览模式的了解程度。故选B。5答案与解析：C推理判断题。由第二段中的“Thisoptionletsyou.thatyouvisit”以及第三段的第一句可知，此选项允许您浏览互联网，并记录您访问的每个页面。许多人错误地认为“匿名”模式
25、能更广泛地保护他们的隐私。所以判断出人们认为“匿名”模式能够帮助隐藏浏览历史。故选C。6答案与解析：B写作意图题。由最后一段中的“Companiescouldclearup.nooneswatching”可知，BlaseUr的团队说，公司可以通过更好地解释匿名模式来澄清这种混淆。例如，浏览器应该避免模糊表达。由此判断出最后一段的目的就是为了提出建议。故选B。.完形填空【语篇解读】Zion在吃早饭的时候，偶然遇到了70岁的Jan，他们在吃饭期间分享各自的故事，双方都非常开心；吃完早饭后，他们互留联系方式希望再约一起吃早餐的时间。他们的故事让很多人深受鼓舞。1答案与解析：C根据前一句中的“puth
26、isfoodonatableataMcDonalds”可知，Zion正准备吃早餐。故选C。2答案与解析：B根据后文中的“Thensheaskedinaweakvoice”可知，Jan先是靠近Zion所在的桌子，然后开始询问。故选B。3答案与解析：D根据后文Zion的回答“yes”可推知，这里的宾语从句应该是由一般疑问句转变而来的。故选D。4答案与解析：A根据第二段第一句可知，Zion介绍自己，并与Jan握手，由此可推知，Zion对Jan的请求的态度应该是积极的。故选A，意为“热情地”。casually“随便地”；nervously“紧张地”；anxiously“焦急地”。5答案与解析：C根据第
27、一段第二句中的“70yearold”可知，Jan的手应该是布满皱纹的。故选C。6答案与解析：D根据该空前后文的内容可知，今天他们共进早餐，并且还分享彼此的故事。由此可推知，他们在接下来的45分钟里，彼此陪伴。故选D。7答案与解析：A根据该空前的内容可知，他们像朋友一样，不断地交谈，哈哈大笑。故选A。8答案与解析：B根据第11题后的“anotherbreakfast”可知，B项符合题意。9答案与解析：B根据第二段中的“thenext45minutes”“talkedand_together”以及该空后的“inspiresomanypeople”可知，他们的聊天时间不短，聊天的方式与话题也是随意的
28、，且是在公共场所聊天的，故排除A、C和D项，只能选B。10答案与解析：A根据第14题后的“fosteranewfriendship”可知，Zion在这里意在说明，自己因为交了一位新朋友而感到开心。故选A。11答案与解析：D第二段提到他们希望能够再次共进早餐，且前一句表明，Zion因交了一位新朋友而开心，由此可知，他非常激动约定了下一次共进早餐的时间。故选D。12答案与解析：B根据后文中的“Iknowifwehadforevershewouldhavea_formeforeveryday”可知，Zion在这里表明，如果他继续努力的话，Jan会与他分享更多的故事。故选B。13答案与解析：C根据第6题后的“sharingstories”可知，这里表示“Jan会每天和我分享一个故事”。故选C。14答案与解析：A根据Zion与Jan的故事我们可以发现，每个陌生人都有潜力去与他人交朋友。故选A，意为“潜力”。intention“目的”；fortune“运气”；confidence“自信”。15答案与解析：D根据该空后的“itmeltsourhearts”可知，他们的故事应该是非常感人的。故选D，意为“感人的”。strange“奇怪的”；familiar“熟悉的”；amusing“有趣的”。