1、专题九名词性从句(一)语法讲练过知识关要点一主语从句主语从句中需要注意的2种情况(1)主语从句在复合句中作主语，引导词主要有that，whether，what，who，which，when，where，how，why，whatever，whoever等。如：Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.它是否对我们有害还有待证实。(2)形式主语：有时为了避免句子显得“头重脚轻”，可用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。如：Its a pity that he didnt come.很遗憾他没来。热点即训.单句语法填空1(2017江苏卷改编)_
2、is known to us all is that Wang Meng got three gold medals in Vancouver Winter Olympics.解析考查主语从句。what在主语从句中作is的主语。答案What2(2017北京卷改编)_ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.解析句意：“我想告诉你的是我深爱我的父母并很尊重他们。”名词性从句的连词选用规则是：根据意思，缺什么就填什么，什么都不缺就填that。我们必须特别关注what所引导的名词性从句，what引导名
3、词性从句时，必须在句中担当主、宾、表等成分，意思是“的事或东西”，一般也不能用逗号和主句分割开来，插入语除外。答案What3(2015全国卷改编)It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.解析此句为主语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，句意完整，故用that引导。答案that.单句改错1(2016北京卷改编)Your support is important to our work.That you can do he
4、lps._解析句意：你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事都会有所帮助。分析句子成分和句意可知，连接代词引导主语从句并在从句中作do的宾语，表示“无论什么”，故用Whatever引导这个主语从句。答案ThatWhatever2(2016江苏卷改编)It is often the case what anything is possible for those who hang on to hope._解析名词性从句中句意完整，不缺少成分，因此用that来引导。本句句意是：通常对于那些怀揣希望的人来说一切都有可能。答案whatthat要点二宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语。宾语从句的引导词
5、有that，what，who，which，when，where，how，why，whatever，whoever，whether等。注意：(1)引导宾语从句的that常可省略，但当句中有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句时，第二个和以后几个从句中的that不可省略。(2)在think，consider等后常用it作句子的形式宾语而把真正的宾语that从句放在句末。热点即训.单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)Im not sure _ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowher
6、e. 解析考查宾语从句。根据句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。答案who2(2018天津卷改编)The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in the bicycle race. 解析考查宾语从句。根据句意：金牌将会被颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一的任何选手。本空需要连接词引导宾语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，指人，同时根据句意可知，应用whoever“的任何人，无论谁”引导这个宾语从句。答案whoe
7、ver3(2014广东卷)I didnt understand _ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.解析根据语境此处应用why引导宾语从句。答案why.单句改错1(2018全国卷)I was afraid that to speak in front of a large group of people. _解析考查连词。be afraid to do sth. “害怕做某事”为固定搭配，故that多余。答案去掉that2(2015全国卷)After lookin
8、g at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing._解析根据语境，此句是宾语从句，用that来引导，不用where。答案wherethat或去掉where要点三表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语。表语从句的引导词有that(一般不可省略)，what，who，which，when，where，how，why，whether等。如：My idea is that we should do it right away.我的意见是马上就干。另外，表语从句还可以用as if，as th
9、ough，because等来引导。如：It is because he is too foolish.那是因为他太蠢了。热点即训.单句语法填空1(2018北京卷改编)This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best. 解析考查表语从句。根据句意：这是我父亲教我的总是面对困难，并抱最大的希望。根据语境可知，此处用what引导表语从句。句中的to always face difficulties and hope for the best是what指代的内容。答案what2(2018
10、江苏卷改编)By boat is the only way to get there, which is _ we arrived.解析考查表语从句。根据句中的By boat可知，此处应用how引导表语从句，表示到达这里的方式。答案how3(2014全国卷改编)See the flag on the top of the building? That _ we did this morning.解析根据句子结构，本句是表语从句，再根据后半句意思“我们今天早上所做的事情”，所以应为what“的事情”。答案what4(2015安徽卷改编)A ship in harbor is safe, but
11、thats not _ ships are built for.解析空格后的句子是表语从句，表语从句中for缺少宾语，故用what。答案what.单句改错(2016北京卷改编)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is what one can be entirely free from dust._解析句意：雨季最令人愉快的事是人们可以完全摆脱灰尘。分析句子结构可以看出，需要连接词引导表语从句，且连词在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，故用that引导这个从句，不用what。答案whatthat要点四同位语从句同位语从句是指用于名词后对该名词
12、的内容进行解释说明的从句。如：The judge paid no attention to the fact that she had just lost her husband.这位法官忽略了她刚失去丈夫这一事实。英语中只有少数名词后可接同位语从句，常见的有belief，doubt，fact，feeling，hope，idea，message，news，opinion等。另外，同位语从句的引导词也比较有限，主要由that引导，有时也可用when，how，where，whether，who等，但是不能用if引导。如：You have no idea how worried I am!你不知道我
13、多着急！There is some doubt whether he will come.他是否会来还不一定。热点即训.单句语法填空1(2016天津卷)The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.解析分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导同位语从句，解释说明suggestion的具体内容，且从句句意和句子成分完整，故用that。答案that2(2014重庆卷改编)Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale
14、 University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities.解析根据后面的“thats one of his favorite universities”可知这里指原因，故用why引导。答案why.单句改错1The problem is more and more young people are getting into the habit of smoking._解析表语从句的that不能省略。答案在is后加that2At the meeting he
15、raised a question if the project would be cancelled._解析同位语从句的“是否”用whether, 不能用if。答案ifwhether3What he needs are enough time and what I need are enough books._解析what引导的主语从句，动词的数应该根据事实来判断。答案areis (二)语法写作过应用关名词性从句在书面表达中的增分点增分技法1掌握好引导词that的省略与不省略。他的成功是因为他为比赛作了充分的准备。His success lies in the fact that he wa
16、s well prepared for the match.2what从句在写作中非常有用，叫不出名字的事物都可用这个句式来表达。近几年，我们的学校发生了很大的变化，已不再是过去的样子了。In the past few years，great changes have taken place in our school and it is no longer what it used to be.3用好whatever，however等引导的名词性从句和让步状语从句。我们必须尽一切努力来保护我们的环境。We must do whatever it takes to protect our en
17、vironment.巧用增分我反对这个工程的原因是，它花费太多的钱，而这些钱应当用来提高当地人们的生活水平。(be against, project, the reason why. is that, to improve the lives of the local people)The_reason_why_I_am_against_the_project_is_that_it_will_cost_too_much_money,_which_should_be_used_to_improve_the_lives_of_local_people.如果我们想成功，我们应当相信我们做的事情，相信
18、我们自己。(succeed, believe in what we do, who we are)We_should_believe_in_what_we_do_and_who_we_are_if_we_are_to_succeed.无论谁想成功，都必须尽最大努力。(whoever, succeed, do ones best)Whoever_wants_to_succeed_must_do_his/their_best.专题过关训练.单句语法填空1(2018山东日照模拟)And it evaluates _ well you combine your listening, reading,
19、speaking and writing skills to perform academic tasks.答案how2(2018山东滕州二中模拟)Now, he is still waiting to find out _ he has broken the record.答案whether/if3(2018广西钦州模拟)He promised to give a great reward to _ found the watch.答案whoever4(2018福建莆田二十四中模拟)“Thats exactly _ I need，” Mr. Vincent said to himself.答
20、案what5Think about what you want in the coming year, then ask yourself _ you want that.答案why6Another possible reason is _ on average, the British people dont take themselves too seriously.答案that.单句改错1(2018吉林松原油田高中模拟)The third reason is because some students have to get up early on weekdays to get to
21、school far away from home._答案becausethat2Some students prefer to choose a major first so they can learn that they are interested in._答案thatwhat3(2018广西钦州模拟)If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to if what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more._答案第二个ifwhether4(2018江
22、西九江七校联考)Id like to know what the activity is scheduled in detail._答案whathow5(2018广西桂林十八中模拟)He said it was only why he had a better weekend._答案whybecause6(2018云南昆明一中模拟)What made Mr. Green surprised was it was just his daughter, who wore a suit of mans clothes._答案在it前加that.写作训练1运用语法写靓句孩子长大后，要鼓励他们力所能及的
23、做家务。(grow up, encourage)_我们有许多共同的地方。他喜欢什么，我就喜欢什么；他讨厌什么，我也讨厌什么。(have a lot in common, love, hate)_现在我们要做的最重要的事是保护那些正受到灭绝威胁的野生动物。(protect, threaten)_越来越多的大学生面临着这样一个事实；找一份合适的工作实属不易。(face, the fact that, find)_那时我才意识到我犯了一个多么大的错误。(it was. that., realize, make)_我认为他们没有认识到这个问题有多严重。(realize, how)_答案When chi
24、ldren grow up, they should be encouraged to do whatever housework they can do. We have a lot in common. I love what he loves and hate what he hates.What is the most important thing for us to do is to protect the wild animals which are being threatened with extinction. More and more college students
25、are faced with the fact that it is very hard to find a suitable job. It was then that I realized what a terrible mistake I had made.I dont think they have realized how serious the problem is.2语法填空After being upset at opportunities in the UK, I left the UK for another country and discovered that unde
26、rstanding an _(entire) new culture taught me a lot about how to get ahead.My life overseas began after reading an email about a government programme _ the aim of getting young people over to that country. I _(consider) no international work experience before, but, realizing that this was an opportun
27、ity not to be missed, I boarded a plane to the country.The main reason for people to go on such a voyage is to develop _ better understanding of a different culture. The key to _(get) ahead in this country is to get connected with other people, which determines how business _(do) and how you succeed
28、.Living abroad isnt as easy as I thought. Each day will present you with a new challenge _(overcome). But it will wholly disappear with days when your taxi driver finally understands _you need to go without you acting it out, days when you discover _(taste) dishes cost only a small part of a Happy M
29、eal, and days when the people youll remember forever or just for two weeks leave a lasting _(impress) on your life.答案entirelywithhad consideredagettingis doneto be overcomewheretastyimpression3短文改错(2018安徽安庆模拟)Alice, my best friend, devotes many energy to her lessons. She is always one of the top stu
30、dent in our class. She loves the music so much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time. Alice is always willing to help other, and she often helps us with our lessons. As a volunteer, she has successful organized some voluntary activities. Inspired by her example, we paid a visit a
31、nursing home last month, so we picked up rubbish near our school. That we did was warmly welcomed. Win honour for our school, Alice is admired by our classmates.答案4写一篇短文(2018衡水一中八模)你校定于4月28日举行足球赛，请以学生会的名义写一则通知。内容包括：1举行球赛的目的，时间，地点：2请大家以班级为单位踊跃参加；3请同学们前往呐喊助威。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_答案NoticeTo c
32、elebrate the coming Labor Day, we are to hold a football match among classes on April 28th on the school football field.Each of you is encouraged to take part in the game as a player on your own class team. It will be a wonderful match and you are also warmly welcome to cheer for the players.Those who want to come please remember to take care of yourselves and your belongings when the match is on. You are expected to have great fun!Student Union，April 20, 2018
