1、专题07语法填空全国通用01【河北省邯郸市2022-2023学年高三上学期摸底考试】I visited Luanda for the first time this April as my parents were living there. Since my Mum volunteered at a foundation, she took me there to work with her for _36_ few days. As Im only 16, and have no younger siblings, I have never had any experience of wo
2、rking with children before. I had no idea _37_ I could spend those days, _38_ (especial) since I dont speak Portuguese. However, I dont think my experience could have been any betterfrom the moment I arrived _39_ the day I left. I was constantly _40_ (speak) to and hugged by all the children. Even t
3、hough they knew I didnt speak Portuguese, that didnt stop them from _41_ (talk) to me, and we were able to communicate without a problem. By the end of my trip, I could tell that I _42_ (make) progress in my Portuguese thanks to them. The children were so _43_ (friend), and kept me busy and having f
4、un all day due to all the different _44_ (activity) we organized, such as singing and dancing, and playing twister. I was sad to say goodbye. The staff at the foundation were also really welcomingits safe _45_ (say) I will definitely be coming back next time I visit!【答案】36. a37. how38. especially39.
5、 to40. spoken41. talking42. had made43. friendly44. activities45. to say【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随做志愿者的妈妈去工作时，受到那里的孩子们的欢迎，玩得非常开心的经历。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：由于我妈妈在一个基金会做志愿者，她带我去那里和她一起工作了几天。few修饰可数名词复数，表示否定，意思是“几乎灭有”；a few为固定用法，表示“一些”，表示肯定，修饰可数名词的复数形式，符合句意。故填a。【37题详解】考查连词。句意：我不知道如何度过那些日子，尤其是因为我不会说葡萄牙语。根据上文“I ha
6、ve never had any experience of working with children before”可知，作者不知道如何度过那些日子，空处应用连词how，表示“如何”，引导宾语从句，符合句意。故填how。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：我不知道如何度过那些日子，尤其是因为我不会说葡萄牙语。分析句子结构，空处修饰后边的从句，应用副词形式作状语，especially是副词，表示“尤其”，符合句意。故填especially。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，我认为从我到达的那一刻到我离开的那一天，我的经历不会更好了。fromto为固定搭配，表示“从到”，符合句意。故填to。【40
7、题详解】考查语态。句意：所有的孩子都不停地对我说话，拥抱我。结合语意，speak与主语I之间是被动关系，所以空处应用过去分词形式，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填spoken。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管他们知道我不会说葡萄牙语，但这并没有阻止他们与我交谈，我们能够毫无问题地交流。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，用于介词from之后，应用动名词形式作宾语，stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故填talking。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：多亏了他们，在我的旅行结束时，我可以说我在葡萄牙语方面取得了进步。根据could tell可知，主句使用一
8、般过去时，表示过去的动作，结合语意，“作者在葡萄牙语方面取得进步”发生在could tell之前，即“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语By the end of my trip，所以that引导的从句应用过去完成时，即had made。故填had made。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们非常友好，并且因为我们组织了各种各样不同的活动，比如唱歌、跳舞和玩扭扭乐，让我整天忙碌，玩得很开心。分析句子结构，空处作句子表语，结合语意，孩子们非常友好，空处应用形容词friendly，表示“友好的”，符合句意。故填friendly。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们非常友好，并且因为我们组织了各种各样
9、不同的活动，比如唱歌、跳舞和玩扭扭乐，让我整天忙碌，玩得很开心。空前different表示“不同的”，修饰复数可数名词，activity是可数名词，复数形式为activities。故填activities。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：基金会的工作人员也非常热情，可以肯定地说，我下次访问时一定会回来！分析句子结构，it作形式主语，空处应用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to say。02【湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学年高三上学期入学考试】In every photo from our family vacation to Washington, D.C., I was sho
10、wing off the souvenir I picked out at the Smithsonians National Zoo a white, oversize, cotton sweatshirt with pandas _36_ (dance) on the front.Nearly 30 years later I found myself among _37_ pool of photojournalists and video crews packed into the panda enclosure(围场), covering a small cub(幼兽) named
11、Bei Bei for National Geographic.After the photographs of Bei Bei _38_ (publish), my editor suggested I ask zoo administrators if I could return periodically _39_ (document) the first year of the cubs life. They said yes.On that first day with Bei Bei, I felt a little thrill as a zoo staffer took me
12、down a quiet path to the back of the panda enclosure _40_ the pandas keepers were waiting. They introduced _41_ (they), handed me shoe coverings and a mask, and led me through a series of gates and _42_ (eventual) to Bei Bei.Soon I was making regular _43_ (stop) at the zoo to record the baby pandas
13、transformation. My kids had never been _44_ (interested) in my job than when I was on the Bei Bei beat. When I mentioned the project _45_ friends and neighbors, they would light up in ways Id never seen. It turned out that everyone loved pandas.【答案】36. dancing37. a38. were published39. to document40
14、. where41. themselves42. eventually43. stops44. more interested45. to【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和熊猫贝贝之间的故事。【36题详解】考查非谓语。句意：在我们全家去华盛顿度假的每一张照片中，我都在炫耀我在史密森尼国家动物园挑选的纪念品一件白色超大棉质运动衫，前面有熊猫在跳舞。分析句子可知，此句考查 “with +宾语 +宾补”的复合结构，pandas 与dance之间是主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填dancing。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：近30年后，我发现自己置身于挤进熊猫围栏摄影记者和摄制组中，为
15、国家地理报道了一只名叫贝贝的小熊猫。a pool of 表“一群”，为固定搭配。故填a。【38题详解】考查时态语态。句意：贝贝的照片发表后，我的编辑建议我问动物园管理员，我是否可以定期回来记录这只幼崽的第一年生活。他们同意了。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语，时态与后面保持一致用一般过去时，且the photographs和publish是被动关系。故填were published。【39题详解】考查非谓语。句意：贝贝的照片发表后，我的编辑建议我问动物园管理员，我是否可以定期回来记录这只幼崽的第一年生活。他们同意了。分析句子可知，此空应填不定式作目的状语。故填to document。【40题详解】考
16、查定语从句。句意：在和贝贝在一起的第一天，当动物园工作人员带我沿着一条安静的小路走到熊猫围栏的后面时，我感到有点激动，熊猫的饲养员正在那里等着我。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为the panda enclosure ，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。【41题详解】考查代词。句意：他们做了自我介绍，递给我鞋套和口罩，带我穿过一系列的大门，最后来到贝贝那里。根据句意可知，他们应是介绍“自己”，所以此空应用反身代词。故填themselves。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：他们做了自我介绍，递给我鞋套和面具，带我穿过一系列的大门，最后来到贝贝。分词句子可知，此空应填副词作时间状语 。故填
17、eventually。【43题详解】考查名词复数。句意：很快，我就在动物园里定期停留，记录熊猫宝宝的变化。分析句子可知，此空stop表“停留”，为可数名词，且由句意可知，这里应用复数形式泛指。故填stops。【44题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我的孩子们对我的工作从来没有比看到我在和贝贝跳舞时更感兴趣过。分析句子可知，本句考查 “否定词+形容词比较级”，即：形容词的比较级用在否定结构中,可以表示“最不过”、“不比更”的意思，相当于最高级的含义。故填more interested。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：当我向朋友和邻居提到这个项目时，他们会以我从未见过的方式表现吃惊。事实证明，每个人都
18、喜欢熊猫。mention sth to sb表“向某人提及某事”，为固定搭配。故填to。03【广东省2022-2023学年新高三开学大联考】Food and Eating HabitsThroughout Chinas history, eating habits have been influenced by many factors such as geography, religion, society and economy. As _36_ result, food and eating habits are not only indicative of the social sta
19、tus, but characteristic of one group, differing in regions, _37_(family), peoples or religions to some extent.The Chinese diet _38_(emphasize)rice and grains, followed by fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. Food _39_(make)of wheat flour is the staple(主食)for people living in the north, while rice is
20、the main staple in the south.Chinese people also have a habit of _40_(consume)green tea, and plant-based alcoholic beverages(饮料)such as rice wine, beer and grain liquor moderately. The typical Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu, _41_ is made from various grains. _42_(additional), Chinese people li
21、ke to drink hot water or tea with their meals since hot water is helpful for _43_(digest)according to traditional Chinese medicine.Nowadays, Chinese people like to eat out with relatives and friends during weekends or festivals. A typical meal starts _44_ some cold dishes, like boiled peanuts and sm
22、ashed cucumber with garlic, followed by the main courses, including hot meat and vegetable dishes. Finally, soup _45_(bring)onto the table, followed by the staple food, rice, noodles, or sometimes dumplings.【答案】36. a37. families38. emphasizes39. made40. consuming41. which42. Additionally43. digestio
23、n44. with45. is brought【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的饮食习惯。【详解】1.考查固定短语和冠词。句意：因此，食物和饮食习惯不仅表明了社会地位，而且是一个群体的特征，在一定程度上因地区、家庭、民族或宗教而不同。as a result是固定短语。故填a。2.考查名词。句意同上。根据空格前面的“regions”以及空格后面的“peoples or religions”可知，空格与前面的名词和后面的名词是并列关系，都是复数形式，作介词宾语。故填families。3.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国人的饮食突出大米和谷物，其次是水果、蔬菜、坚果和种子。句子
24、主语是The Chinese diet，第三人称单数，讲述客观事实用一般现在时。故填emphasizes。4.考查过去分词。句意：由面粉制成的食物是北方人的主食，而大米是南方人的主要主食。本句已有谓语动词is，空格处与is没有连词连接，所以空格处应该填非谓语动词，food和make之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填made。5.考查动名词。句意：中国人也有喝绿茶的习惯，以及植物性酒精饮料，如米酒、啤酒和谷物酒。所给的词位于介词of之后，用动名词作宾语。故填consuming。6.考查定语从句。句意：典型的中国酒精饮料是白酒，由各种谷物制成。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词指物
25、。故填which。7. 考查副词。句意：另外，中国人喜欢在吃饭时喝热水或茶，因为根据中医，热水有助于消化。此处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词。故填Additionally。8. 考查名词。句意：另外，中国人喜欢在吃饭时喝热水或茶，因为根据中医，热水有助于消化。空格处作宾语，需用名词digestion，不可数名词。故填digestion。9.考查固定短语。句意：一顿典型的饭开始吃一些冷菜，比如煮花生和大蒜拌黄瓜，然后是主菜，包括热肉和蔬菜。 start with“以开始”。故填with。10. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：最后，汤被端上桌，接着是主食，米饭、面条，有时还有饺子。句子缺谓语动词
26、，讲述事实用一般现在时，主语food与谓语动词bring之间是被动关系，主语是单数名词。故填is brought。04【山东省日照市2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次校际联考】Dunhuang is home to the Mogao Grottoes, _36_ UNESCO World Heritage site, elements of which are _37_ display in an ongoing exhibition at the National Base for International Cultural Trade in Beijing. Painted scu
27、lptures and other splendid items of cultural heritage have been reproduced, while those caves _38_ are now closed have now been reproduced in digital form.The exhibition area, _39_(cover) some 1,600 square meters, features the results of research on nearly 50 sets of cultural relics from the Dunhuan
28、g Academy. _40_ the real grotto in Dunhuang is no longer open to the public, the digitally _41_(restore) grotto can be preserved forever in the digital space.Opening in July, the exhibition will last for three years. It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy _42_(hold) such a long exhibition in
29、 Beijing. By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project had completed the digital _43_(collect) of 268 grottoes. Such projects have provided a means of preserving Chinas splendid cultural heritage for future generations, while making it more _44_(wide) available both at home and abroad. It is ho
30、ped that the digital Dunhuang will not only allow more audiences to experience the artistic charm of Dunhuang, _45_ also promote exchanges between cultures along the Belt and Road under new historical conditions.【答案】36. a37. on38. that#which39. covering40. Although#Though#While41. restored42. has he
31、ld43. collection44. widely45. but【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了敦煌是联合国教科文组织世界遗产莫高窟的所在地，在北京国家国际文化贸易基地将举办一场展示莫高窟元素的展览。【36题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：敦煌是联合国教科文组织世界遗产莫高窟的所在地。根据句子结构可知，the Mogao Grottoes与 1 UNESCO World Heritage site构成同位语，the Mogao Grottoes是单数，故空格处应填入不定冠词表泛指“联合国教科文组织世界的一处遗产”， UNESCO首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。【37题详解】考查介词。句
32、意：其中一些元素正在北京国家国际文化贸易基地的一个正在进行的展览中展出。根据句意可知，莫高窟的元素正在展示，“on display 展示”，故填介词on。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：而那些现在关闭的洞穴现在已经以数字形式再现。空格处缺少引导定语从句的关系词，先行词为caves，在从句中做主语，关系代词为that或者which。故填that/which。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：展览面积约1600平方米。features为句子的动词，空格处需要非谓语动词做定语，cover与逻辑主语The exhibition area为主谓关系，需填动词的现在分词，故填covering。【40题
33、详解】考查连词。句意：尽管敦煌真正的石窟不再向公众开放。根据后文“the digitally 6(restore) grotto can be preserved forever in the digital space.”可知，尽管真正的石窟不再开放，数字石窟可以永远保存，所以空处填连词Although,Though,While。置于句首，首字母大写。故填AlthoughThough/While。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被恢复数字石窟可以永远保存在数字空间中。空格处填非谓语动词做定语修饰grotto，restore与grotto在逻辑上为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填rest
34、ored。【42题详解】考查现在完成时。句意：这是敦煌学院第一次在北京举办这么长时间的展览。根据句意可知，敦煌研究院有史以来第一次举办这么长时间的展览，应使用现在完成时态， the Dunhuang Academy 为第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词使用三单形式，故填has held。43题详解】考查名词。句意：“数字敦煌工程”完成了268个石窟数字收藏。空格处填入名词做宾语，特指268个石窟的数字收藏，用单数形式。故填collection。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：同时使其在国内外更广泛地可用。空格处应填副词修饰形容词available，故填widely。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：希望“
35、数字敦煌”不仅能让更多的观众感受到敦煌的艺术魅力，也能在新的历史条件下促进一带一路沿线文化的交流。根据结构“not only.but also.不但而且”可知，空格处应填but。05【江苏省海安市2022-2023学年高三上学期期初学业质量监测】When _36_ (ask) to talk about air and water quality in his hometown by a TV reporter, Qi Mu noted, “The air is great now and we can take more _37_ (walk) and enjoy being outdoor
36、s again.” He felt quite pleased because the villagers were living _38_ (harmony) with nature once more. However, he could not forget about an earlier time _39_ his village had been struggling with a serious air quality problem.In the 1990s, garbage from a nearby city was usually brought to the villa
37、ge. “How can we make use of this?” the villagers wondered. Soon they found that garbage could be used to feed pigs. “Over the next few years, dozens of pig farms _40_ (set) up,” Qi recalled. But then nobody in the village wanted to open their windows. “The smell from the garbage and pig waste was ma
38、king us sick.” Qi said. The numbers of mosquitoes and files were also _41_ (horrify). “_42_ such circumstances, no single women wanted to marry anyone in our village and move here,” Qi sighed.The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. So an initiative was launched _43_ a “clean-up” campai
39、gn was added to the government agenda, _44_ (include) restricting larger vehicles from passing through the village. Garbage from the city was no longer disposed of in the village, and more tees were planted. “We can all breathe more freely now that the natural beauty of our village _45_ (restore),”
40、said Qi.【答案】36. asked37. walks38. harmoniously39. when40. were set41. horrifying42. Under43. and44. including45. has been restored【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述乡村空气质量和水质的变化以及家乡政府采取的相应措施。【36题详解】考查省略句。句意：当被电视记者问及家乡的空气质量和水质时，齐牧说：“现在的空气很好，我们可以多散散步，再次享受户外活动。”分析句子结构可知，此处When引导的从句中，从句主语和主句主语Qi Mu一致。结合语意，此处Qi Mu和动词a
41、sk之间是被动关系，所以从句谓语动词ask应用被动语态was asked，不过可以省略从句主语Qi Mu和从句谓语中的be动词。故填asked。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：当被电视记者问及家乡的空气质量和水质时，齐牧说：“现在的空气很好，我们可以多散散步，再次享受户外活动。”分析句子结构可知，此处应填walk的名词，充当take的宾语。名词walk意为“散步”时可数，由设空处前的more可知此处应用复数形式walks。故填walks。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：他感到非常高兴，因为村民们能够再次与大自然和谐相处。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填副词harmoniously，作状语，修饰were
42、 living。故填harmoniously。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，他不能忘记，早年间村庄一直在努力应付着严重的空气质量问题。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是time，指时间；从句主语是his village，从句谓语是had been struggling with，从句宾语是a serious air quality problem，则设空处应填when，充当从句时间状语。故填when。【40题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：齐牧回忆道：“接下来的几年里建了几十个养猪场。”结合语意，建养猪场这件事发生在过去，所以此处应用一般过去时。主语pig
43、 farms是复数，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were set。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：而且蚊子和苍蝇的数量十分惊人。形容词horrifying意为“令人极其震惊的”。分析句子结构并结合语意可知，设空处应填形容词horrifying，充当表语，形容蚊蝇数量惊人。故填horrifying。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：齐牧叹气说：“在这样的情况下，没有一个单身女人愿意嫁给我们村里的任何人，并搬到这里。” undercircumstances是固定短语，表示“在情况下”。句首字母要大写。故填Under。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：因此，政府发起了一项倡议，并增加了一项“清理”运动，包
44、括限制大型车辆通过村庄。结合语意，“an initiative was launched”和“a clean-up campaign was added to the government agenda”之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接两个成分。故填and。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：因此，政府发起了一项倡议，并增加了一项“清理”运动，包括限制大型车辆通过村庄。分析句子结构可知，此处应填介词including，与restricting larger vehicles from passing through the village构成介宾结构，充当状语。故填including。【45题详解
45、】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：齐牧说：“现在我们村子的自然美景已经恢复了，我们都可以更加自由地呼吸了。”结合语意及now that引导从句可知，此处从句时态应为现在完成时。the natural beauty和动词restore之间是被动关系，所以restore应用被动语态。且the natural beauty是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词restore应用单数。故填has been restored。06【河北省保定市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试】Thanks to the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, consumptio
46、n _56_ is related to the ice-snow industry has gained steam across China. While people of northern provinces remain the main consumers of winter sports because of _57_(relative)favorable snow conditions and temperatures, data shows that such recreational activities are also increasingly sought after
47、 in southern Chinese cities. Ice and snow scenic _58_(spot)in the cities of Xianning and Yichang, in central Chinas Hubei Province, both received over 30,000 tourists. So far Shanghai and Guangzhou _59_(list)among popular destinations for activities _60_(involve)the ice and snow industry. Due _61_ t
48、he COVID-19, consumers in southern China no longer go on inter-provincial ice and snow tours as before, but _62_(they)repurchase rate of ice and snow sport activities in places nearby is _63_(high)than before, with more focus on the professionality of the equipment and venues. “The ice-snow industry
49、 has always been popular in both northern _64_ southern parts of China,” said Dai Bin, president of the China Tourism Academy. “The countrys investment in this field has shifted from scale expansion to high-quality _65_(develop), and new forms of ice and snow products can be seen in every province.”
50、【答案】56. that#which57. relatively58. spots59. have been listed60. involving61. to62. their63. higher64. and65. development【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与冰雪产业相关的消费在中国各地蓬勃发展的情况。【56题详解】考查定语从句。句意：得益于北京2022年冬奥会，与冰雪产业相关的消费在中国各地蓬勃发展。分析句式结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词consumption是物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导。故填that/which。【57题详
51、解】考查副词。句意：由于相对有利的降雪条件和温度，北方省份的人们仍然是冬季运动的主要消费者，数据显示，这种娱乐活动在中国南方城市也越来越受欢迎。分析句式结构可知，修饰形容词favorable应该用副词，所以此处应该用提示词的副词形式，故填relatively。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：中国中部湖北省咸宁市和宜昌市的冰雪景区都接待了超过3万名游客。分析句意可知，景区不止一个，所以此处应该用名词的复数形式，故填spots【59题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，上海和广州已经被列为冰雪产业活动的热门目的地。根据so far可知，本句时态应该用现在完成时，又因为主语和list之间是被
52、动关系，所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been listed。【60题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用非谓语作后置定语，又因为activities和involve之间是主动关系，所以用非谓语中的现在分词作后置定语。故填involving。【61题详解】考查固定短语。句意：受新冠肺炎疫情影响，南方地区消费者不再像以往那样跨省冰雪游，但对周边地区冰雪运动活动的回购率有所提高，更注重装备和场馆的专业性。分析句意再根据空格前的Due可知，此处用固定短语due to表示“由于”符合语境。故填to。62题详解】考查物主代词。句意同上。分析句意再根据空格后的名词短
53、语repurchase rate可知，此处用形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的”回购率，符合语境，故填their。【63题详解】考查比较级。句意同6小题。分析句意再根据空格后的than可知，此处应该用比较级，所以此处应该用提示词的比较级形式，故填higher。【64题详解】考查连词。句意：中国旅游研究院院长戴斌说：“在中国的南北地区，冰雪产业一直很受欢迎。”根据空格前的northern和空格后的southern可知，空格前后是并列关系，所以用连词and表并列，符合语境。故填and。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：国家在该领域的投入已经从规模扩张转向高质量发展，冰雪产品的新业态在每个省份都可以
54、看到。分析句式结构可知，fromto结构中，to前后应该是并列关系，所以此处用名词development与前面的expansion并列，故填development。07【江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期初调研考试】The Winter Olympics in Beijing used lots of man-made snow. This was the first time that the Winter Olympics _36_ (take) place on almost 100% artificial snow.Most skiing competitions of
55、the Winter Olympics were held in areas northwest of Beijing, _37_ its cold in the winter but often doesnt snow much. Thats because these areas arent far _38_ the Gobi Desert, and are generally very dry. To hold the Winter Olympics, China hired Techno Alpin, _39_ Italian company, to create the snow n
56、eeded for the events.Its _40_ (use) to be able to make snow when nature doesnt provide enough. But artificial snow is surely not the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural snow might have to adjust their style when _41_ (perform) on man-made snow.However,
57、 now machine _42_ (design) to make artificial snow are quite advanced. They can make different kinds of snow depending on whats needed for each sport. Most athletes thought _43_ (high) of the snow and it brought them much _44_ (amuse). With global warming going forward, it _45_(expect) that artifici
58、al snow will be used more at future winter sports events.【答案】36. had taken37. where38. from39. an40. useful41. performing42. designed43. highly44. amusement45. is expected【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京冬季奥运会使用了大量人造雪。这是冬奥会第一次几乎100%在人造雪上举行。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是冬奥会第一次几乎100%在人造雪上举行。固定句型This was the first time“第
59、一次做”，后面使用过去完成时。故填had taken。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：冬奥会的大多数滑雪比赛都在北京西北部地区举行，那里的冬天很冷，但通常不会下太多雪。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是areas northwest of Beijing，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：这是因为这些地区离戈壁沙漠不远，而且通常非常干燥。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语far from“远离”。故填from。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：为了举办冬奥会，中国聘请了意大利公司Techno Alpin来制造比赛所需的雪。此处泛指“一个意大利公
60、司”，应用不定冠词，Italian是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：当大自然不能提供足够的雪时，能够制造雪是很有用的。此处作表语，应用形容词，表示某种特征和属性。故填useful。【41题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：习惯了天然雪的运动员在人造雪上表演时可能不得不调整自己的风格。此处为when引导的时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语保持一致，且有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，此处省略了An athlete和was。故填performing。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，现在用来制造人造雪的机器已经相当先进了。machine和d
61、esign是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填designed。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：大多数运动员对雪的评价很高，雪给他们带来了很多乐趣。固定短语think highly of“对高度评价”。故填highly。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：大多数运动员对雪的评价很高，雪给他们带来了很多乐趣。此处作宾语，应用名词amusement，不可数名词。故填amusement。【45题详解】考查固定句型。句意：随着全球变暖趋势，预计人造雪将在未来的冬季运动项目中被更多地使用。分固定句型It is expected that“据估计，预计”。故填is expected。08【山东省济南市2
62、022-2023学年高三开学摸底考试】Vertical gardening isnt new, but an example from India shows how this inventive technique is _36_(true) changing lives. The Mehra family from Amritsar were locally hot news last June when they showed off the vertical garden_37_they had created at their home. The family used over 1
63、75, 000 plastic bottles to create _38_ garden, fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with _39_ (variety) of plants. The plants are irrigated by _40_ (use) a simple drip system (滴灌系统) and amazingly, this has lowered the temperature of their home by nearly a cool five
64、degrees Celsius.The idea caught on quickly. Many local schools now have green vertical gardens on their walls, _41_ so does Punjab Agriculture University, and even Ludhiana railway station, the first station in India _42_ (adopt) this initiative. The railway notes that the plants not only cool the s
65、tation, but also help absorb the noise, and seem to have a calming and antilittering effect _43_ travelers. Moreover, every vertical garden _44_(create) this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant, actively reducing local _45_ (pollute).【答案】36. truly37. that#which38. the39. va
66、rieties40. using41. and42to adopt43. on44. created45. pollution【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了垂直花园这一想法的起源，以及垂直花园如今在学校、火车站等场所都有应用。垂直花园不仅能使车站凉爽，还有助于吸收噪音，似乎还能让旅客平静下来，防止乱丢垃圾。此外，以这种方式建造的每一个垂直花园都是回收塑料建成的，否则这些塑料会成为污染物，垂直花园积极减少了当地的污染。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：垂直园艺并不新鲜，但印度的一个例子表明，这种创造性的技术是如何真正改变生活的。修饰动词change，应用副词truly，表示“真正地”
67、，作状语。故填truly。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年6月，来自阿姆利则(Amritsar)的梅赫拉(Mehra)一家展示了他们在家中建造的垂直花园，成为当地的热点新闻。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the vertical garden，且先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：这家人用了超过17.5万个塑料瓶来建造花园，他们把塑料瓶固定在家里的外墙上，然后在里面种上各种各样的植物。garden此处为特指上文提到the vertical garden，应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。【39题详解】考查名
68、词的复数。句意：这家人用了超过17.5万个塑料瓶来建造花园，他们把塑料瓶固定在家里的外墙上，然后在里面种上各种各样的植物。varieties of意为“各种各样的”，故填varieties。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些植物使用一种简单的滴灌系统进行灌溉，令人惊讶的是，这使他们的家的温度降低了近5摄氏度。上文by为介词，后跟动名词using作宾语。故填using。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：现在，许多当地学校的墙上都有绿色的垂直花园，旁遮普省农业大学也是如此，甚至卢迪亚纳火车站也是印度第一个采用这一举措的火车站。结合上下文语境，可知前后为并列关系，应用连词and表并列。故填and。
69、【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，许多当地学校的墙上都有绿色的垂直花园，旁遮普省农业大学也是如此，甚至卢迪亚纳火车站也是印度第一个采用这一举措的火车站。分析句子结构可知adopt在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处名词station由序数词the first修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to adopt。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：铁路部门指出，这些植物不仅能给车站降温，还有助于吸收噪音，似乎对旅客有镇静和防止乱扔垃圾的作用。have an effect on是固定短语，意为“对有影响”，因此空格处是介词on，故填on。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，每个以这种方式建造的垂直花
70、园都在回收塑料，否则塑料就会成为一种污染物，积极地减少了当地的污染。分析句子结构，可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语vertical garden构成被动关系，故应用过去分词表被动，作定语。故填created。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：此外，每个以这种方式建造的垂直花园都在回收塑料，否则塑料就会成为一种污染物，积极地减少了当地的污染。空前的local为形容词，修饰名词，该空作reducing的宾语，表示“污染”，是不可数名词pollution。故填pollution。09【江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期期初考试】It was Dragonboat Day.
71、 Shiny white tents lined the waterfront, _36_ (provide) shade and refreshments for Dragon Boat paddlers (桨手) from all over California, _37_ gathered around the Castaic Lake for a festive competition. Giggling kids raced cheerfully along the lakeside beach, _38_ their parents enjoying the shady picni
72、c areas under the trees along the shore. “Its a great day out,” said Paul Lin, co-founder for Castaics own Dragon Eyes team. Dragonboat racing has been going on for thousands of years in China, _39_ (initial) in honor of the Chinese water dragon deity (神) in an effort to call down rain _40_ avoid mi
73、sfortune and disaster. In the race, a drummer _41_ (use) a large traditional wooden drum to keep the paddlers on beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane. Lin said a friend got him _42_ (involve) in dragonboat racing over a decade ago. In 2018, they _43_(decide) to host their own
74、 festival. “Theres something really special to be learned from our dragonboat motto: One Boat, One Beat,” he said. “Paddlers come from all walks of life and that kind of _44_ (close) with people is nowhere else to be seen.”“We really want to help expand awareness and grow the sport,” Lin said. “Were
75、 hoping one day itll become_45_Olympic sport.”【答案】36. providing37. who38. with39. initially40. and41. uses42. involved43. decided44. closeness45. an【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在加州卡斯泰克湖举办中国传统的龙舟比赛。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“lined”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“prov
76、ide”意为“提供”，动词词性，“tents”和“provide”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“provide”的现在分词“providing”，作状语。故填providing。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“paddlers”，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“who”引导从句。故填who。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：咯咯笑的孩子们欢快地沿着湖边的海滩奔跑，他们的父母在岸边的树下享受着阴凉的野餐区。分析句子可知，句中“_ their p
77、arents enjoying the shady picnic areas”为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，故空格处应用“with”，介词词性。故填with。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“in honor of”意为“为了纪念”，应用副词修饰，在句中作状语，“initial”意为“最初的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“initially”，意为“最初”。故填initially。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避
78、免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“call down rain”和“avoid misfortune and disaster”之间为并列关系，都是纪念中国的水龙神的目的，应用连词“and”连接，表并列。故填and。【41题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在比赛中，鼓手使用一个传统的大木鼓来保持桨手的节奏，而后面的舵手则让他们保持在自己的航道上。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“use”意为“使用”，动词词性，“drummer”为可数名词单数，故应用“use”的三单形式“uses”。故填uses。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：林说，十多年前，一位朋友让他参与了龙舟比赛。分
79、析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“got”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“involve”意为“参加”，动词词性，“him”和“involve”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“involve”的过去分词“involved”，作宾语补足语。故填involved。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：2018年，他们决定举办自己的节日。根据句中“In 2018”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“decide”意为“决定”，动词词性，过去式为“decided”。故填decided。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：桨手来自各行各业，这种与人的亲密关系在其他任何地方都看不到。分析句子可知，介词“of”后应用名词
80、，在句中作主语，“close”意为“亲密的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“closeness”，意为“亲密”，为不可数名词。故填closeness。45题详解】考查冠词。句意：我们希望有一天它会成为一项奥林匹克运动。分析句子可知，句中泛指一项奥林匹克运动，空格处应用不定冠词，“Olympic”音标的第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。10【湖南省部分校教育联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期入学摸底测】In the main cultural venue of Jiaxing citys Xiuzhou District, Zhejiang Province, a few e
81、lderly women are using their imagination and some bright colors _56_(paint) the wonderful scenes of life in Jiangnan, or “south of the Yangtze River”. They are members of a farmer-painter group known _57_ the “Ten Sisters”, formed in 2009. The group has 12 rural residents, the oldest of _58_ is 76 y
82、ears old and the youngest 61.In fact, the group didnt start out from painting. As dancing enthusiasts, the farmers went to the district s cultural venue to participate in activities. In 2009, they _59_(ask) whether they would like to learn painting by an institution. “At first, we all thought we cou
83、ldnt make _60_. I, for one, was uneducated,” Dong Aina, one of the members, recalls. “But under the guidance of our instructors, I grew more and more at ease with painting.” In the past years, over 50 paintings by the “Ten Sisters”_61_(win) awards at national and provincial competitions. _62_(compar
84、e) to other genres, farmers painting in China is _63_(relative) new. Born from folk traditions, it took roots in rural areas in _64_ 1950s after the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949, and generally refers to works created by amateur artists who are farmers, herders or fishermen.In 20
85、19, Xiuzhou was named a “hometown of Chinese folk culture and art” by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Farmers painting has also entered the market, and related products such as silk scarves, hats and shoes are bringing economic benefits to _65_(local).【答案】56. to paint57. as58. whom59. were aske
86、d60. it61. have won62. Compared63. relatively64. the65. locals【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是农画家团体“十姐妹”成名的过程和所产生的影响。【56题详解】考查不定式。句意：在浙江省嘉兴市秀州区的文化主会场上，几位老年妇女正在用她们的想象力和一些鲜艳的色彩描绘江南生活的美好景象。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to paint。【57题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她们是2009年成立的农画家团体被称为“十姐妹”的成员。be known as是固定短语，意为“被称为”，因此空格处是as，故填as。【58题详解】考查定
87、语从句。句意：该集团有12名农村居民，其中年龄最大的76岁，年龄最小的61岁。空格处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词residents，指人，因此空格处用关系代词whom，故填whom。【59题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：2009年，她们被问及是否愿意去机构学习绘画。根据语境可知，她们是被问，且由“In 2009”可知，空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语they是复数，因此空格处是were asked。故填were asked。【60题详解】考查固定短语。句意：一开始，我们都认为自己做不到。make it是固定短语，意为“成功，做到”，因此空格处是it，故填it。
88、【61题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去几年里，“十姐妹”绘画的作品50余幅在全国和省级比赛中获奖。由“In the past years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语paintings是复数，因此空格处是have won。故填have won。【62题详解】考查过去分词。句意：与其他体裁相比，农民画在中国是相对较新的。分析可知，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，farmers painting和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，compared to“与比较”，也是固定短语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Compared。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：与其
89、他体裁相比，农民画在中国是相对较新的。空格处用副词relatively修饰形容词new，relatively意为“相对地”，故填relatively。【64题详解】考查定冠词。句意：它起源于民间传统，于1949年中华人民共和国成立后的20世纪50年代在农村地区生根发芽，泛指农民、牧民或渔民等业余艺术家创作的作品。in the 1950s是固定用法，意为“20世纪50年代”，故填the。【65题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：农民画也进入市场，丝巾、帽子、鞋子等相关产品给当地人带来了经济效益。根据语境可知，local意为“当地人”，是可数名词，不止一个，空格处用复数，故填locals。11【河北省名
90、校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试】Last week, 18 students from our school, including me, participated _36_ the Speech and Debate in our city. The competition lasted for a whole day. I could see that many of my teammates were nervous. But all the time when we were not competing, we would go to the rooms where o
91、ur teammates were waiting for their turn _37_(perform), and encourage them whenever we could with a V sign while they were on the stage. In the end, our team won two first _38_(place)!Although I didnt get a prize at the award ceremony, _39_ was what I had hoped for, I learned about friendship, teamw
92、ork, and to believe in myself. My teammates gave me _40_(confident)and hope all the time, and this _41_(be)something that I will never forget later on. To be honest, on the day when I was going to compete, there was a knot(结)that _42_(tie)in my heart. I kept thinking, “You are not so _43_(familiarly
93、)with everybody in this team. Would they ignore you?”But after all we were through, I felt that we were _44_ true family and simply laughed at myself for _45_(have)such an immature and stupid thought.【答案】36. in37. to perform38. places39. which40. confidence41. is42. was tied43. familiar44. a45. havi
94、ng【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和校友一起参加演讲比赛的难忘经历。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：上周，我们学校包括我在内的18名同学参加了我们市的演讲和辩论。participate in意为“参加”，为固定短语。故填in。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但当我们没有比赛的时候，我们会去我们的队友等待表演的房间，当他们在舞台上时，我们只要有机会就用V字手势鼓励他们。“ ones turn to do sth”意为“该轮到某人做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to perform。【38题详解】考查名词复数。句意：最终，我们队赢得了两个第一名! 根据空前的数量词two可知，此处用所
95、给名词的复数形式。故填places。39题详解】考查定语从句。虽然我没有如是我所希望的那样在颁奖典礼上获奖，但是我收获了友谊、学会了团队合作和相信自己。分析句子结构可知，该句是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为a prize，用关系代词which。故填which。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：我的队友们一直给我信心和希望，而这是我以后永远不会忘记的东西。所填词作gave的直接宾语，用所给形容词的名词形式confidence，不可数。故填confidence。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：我的队友们一直给我信心和希望，而这是我以后永远不会忘记的东西。根据空后“that I will
96、 never forget later on.”可知，该句叙述的是作者写这篇文章时的心情，故用一般现在时。又因为主语是this,此处用is。故填is。【42题详解】考查时态语态。句意：说实话，在我要参加比赛的那天，我的心里有一个结。根据时间状语on the day when I was going to compete可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为tie与knot是被动关系，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was tied。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：我一直在想，“你对这个团队的每个人都没有那么熟悉。他们会无视你吗?”分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作表语，用所给副词的形容词形式famil
97、iar。故填familiar。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：但在经历了这一切之后，我觉得我们是真正的一家人，我只是对我自己有过这样一个不成熟和愚蠢的想法感到可笑。family为可数名词，又因为该处是首次提到，并表示泛指，true的发音以辅音音素开头，因此 用不定冠词a。故填a。45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但在经历了这一切之后，我觉得我们是真正的一家人，我只是对我自己有过这样一个不成熟和愚蠢的想法感到可笑。for为介词，要用动名词having作宾语。故填having。12【山东省临沂市2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底考试】More Chinese youth have joined
98、 a sport, Motocross, thanks in part _36_ an annual promotional event in Shanghai.Motocross has gained more fans in China after the Motocross World Championship, the most _37_（influence）of the sports events across the globe, _38_（host）its annual showcase in Shanghai for two consecutive（连续的）years in 2
99、020 to 2021. The event entered China for the first time in 2019, filling the gap of first-class motocross events in the country. With the rising _39_（popular）of the sport, more young Chinese are getting involved.It is hard to imagine a group of preschool children _40_（race）around dusty courses on th
100、e motorbikes. But thats _41_（exact）how more youth are beginning in the sport. Hu Minghao, _42_（age）8 years old now, started learning how to ride a motorbike at 4. “_43_（let）him ride it safely, I registered him to a club to get professional motocross knowledge and training, _44_ this can also help hi
101、m learn how to deal with difficulties he faces in his life,” said his father, Hu Zheng.Small but clever, he has grown into _45_ experienced rider. Those who gallop（疾驰）on the field may become the shining stars on the international competition stage some day.【答案】36. to 37. influential 38. hosted39. po
102、pularity 40. racing41. exactly42. aged43. To let44. and45. an【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述摩托车越野赛的流行，使得越来越多的中国年轻人参加比赛。【36题详解】考查固定短语。句意：越来越多的中国年轻人参加了摩托车越野赛，这在一定程度上要归功于上海一年一度的推广活动。短语：thanks to“多亏，幸亏”，此处指由于上海一年一度的推广活动，参加摩托车越野赛的年轻人越来越多。故填to。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：2020年至2021年，全球最具影响力的摩托车越野赛事世界锦标赛在上海连续两年举办了一年一度的摩托车越野赛，此
103、后，中国的摩托车越野赛拥有了更多的粉丝。形容词修饰名词，此处用形容词修饰名词the Motocross World Championship，故填influential。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：同上。分析可知，“after the Motocross World Championship, the most （influence）of the sports events across the globe, （host）its annual showcase in Shanghai for two consecutive（连续的）years in 2020 to 2021”为时间状语从句，
104、其中主语为the Motocross World Championship，谓语为host，结合句中时间状语 in 2020 to 2021，可知此处的时态为一般过去时。故填hosted。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：随着这项运动的兴起，越来越多的中国年轻人参与其中。介词后要用名词。所以此处用popularity。故填popularity。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很难想象一群学龄前儿童骑着摩托车在尘土飞扬的赛道上比赛。短语：imagine doing sth.“想象做某事”，分析可知，a group of preschool children （race）在句中为动词imagine
105、的宾语，使用了动名词的复合结构，所以此处用racing。故填racing。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：但这正是更多年轻人开始从事这项运动的原因。副词修饰句子作状语，分析可知，how more youth are beginning in the sport为表语从句，所以此处用副词修饰，故填exactly。【42题详解】考查非谓语。句意：现年8岁的胡明浩4岁开始学骑摩托车。分析可知，（age）8 years old now在句中为后置定语，修饰名词Hu Minghao，age与名词Hu Minghao为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词。故填aged。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的父亲胡
106、正说：“为了让他安全骑行，我给他注册了一个俱乐部，让他获得专业的越野知识和训练，这也可以帮助他学会如何应对生活中遇到的困难。”。分析可知，父亲给孩子报名参加俱乐部的目的是为了让孩子能安全骑行，所以此处表示目的，要用不定式。因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填To let。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：同上。根据下文“also”可知，空后的分句和前文为并列句，后句表示递进关系，所以此处用并列连词and，故填and。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：虽然他很聪明，但已经成长为一名经验丰富的骑手。rider“骑手”为可数名词，此处为单数，所以空处用不定冠词。形容词experienced“熟练的”，首个音素为
107、元音，所以用不定冠词an，故填an。13【河南省“顶尖计划”2022-2023学年高中毕业班上学期第一次考试】China will deliver a great _41_(achieve)the constmction of the worlds first 3 D-printed dam on the Tibetan Plateau(高原).Yangqu dam will be completed in about two years. The exciting part is that this dam will be built by robots rather than humans
108、 and AI will power the trucks, digging machines and rollers used in the dams construction.Important part _42_ machines play in the construction, they will not do all of the work. Mining of fill rocks from surrounding mountains will be _43_(general) done by hand.According to the engineers _44_(work)
109、on the Yangqu dam, the structure will be 180 metres tall. This dam will cross the Yellow River. _45_ is estimated that Yangqu will have a power generation capacity of 5 billion kilowatt-hours.In addition, the dam _46_(give) electricity to 50 million people in Henan Province and the nearby areas. The
110、 power will be transmitted over a specially _47_(design) 1,500km high voltage(高压) line.Dam construction and 3D printing _48_(be) “similar by nature”, according to the projects chief scientist. He said, “AI, based on knowledge, information and data, is a new tool, _49_ we believe will shape our futur
111、e. 3D-printing technology for huge, filled infrastructure(基础建设) has evolved enough for mass applications. It will free humans _50_ heavy-duty, repetitive, and dangerous work.”【答案】41. achievement42. though#as43. generally44. working45. It46. will give47. designed48. are49. which50. from#of【解析】【导语】本文是
112、一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国将在青藏高原上建造世界上第一个3D打印大坝羊曲大坝的相关情况。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：中国将带来一项伟大的成就在青藏高原上建造世界上第一个3D打印大坝。根据前面的a可知，此处填可数名词单数作宾语。故填achievement。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然机器在建设中扮演着重要的角色，但它们不会做所有的工作。分析句子结构，此处为倒装句。同时根据句意，前后句构成的是让步关系。故填though/as。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：从周围山区开采充填岩一般都是用手工完成的。分析句子，设空处应该使用副词修饰动词will be,作状语。故填generally。【44
113、题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在羊曲大坝工作的工程师们的说法，这个结构将有180米高。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，且名词engineers与动词work之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填working。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：预计羊曲大坝将达到50亿千瓦时的发电能力。分析句子，句中缺少主语，设空处应该使用代词。It is estimated that.为固定搭配，意为“据估计”。it为形式主语，真正的主语为that后引导的主语从句。同时该空置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填It。【46题详解】考查动词时态。句意：此外，大坝还将为河南省及附近地区的5000万人提供电
114、力。分析句子，设空处应该使用动词作谓语。文章介绍的是将要进行的工程，因此，此处表示大坝在修建好以后会为河南省及其周边地区提供电力，因此用一般将来时。故填will give。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：电力将通过一条专门设计的1500公里高压线路传输。分析句子，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。high voltage line和design之间是被动关系故使用过去分词作定语。故填designed。【48题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该项目首席科学家表示，大坝建设和3D打印“在本质上是相似的”。分析句子，设空处应该使用动词作谓语。同时句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语是D
115、am construction和3D printing是两件事情，因此用复数动词are。故填are。【49题详解】考查定语从句。句意：基于知识、信息和数据的人工智能是一种新工具，我们相信它将塑造我们的未来。根据句子结构判断，此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰tool，句子缺少主语，指代tool，故填which。【50题详解】考查介词。句意：它将把人类从繁重、重复和危险的工作中解放出来。句中free. from/of为固定搭配，意为“使摆脱”。故填from/of。14【山西省2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底考试】A new phenomenon is taking hold worldwide
116、“shrinkflation”. This is when companies reduce the size of their products or range of services while _41_ (maintain) prices. It is in reaction to the rising prices of raw materials needed in the process of _42_ (produce). Another way companies choose is _43_ (place) smaller items in larger boxes, ma
117、king shoppers think theyre getting more for their money. In fact, _44_ (consumer) become more sensitive to price than quantity or quality. Most shoppers will make a regular purchase, even if it has shrunk (缩小) , as long as _45_ price has not risen. So far, the chocolate maker Cadbury _46_ (choose) t
118、o shrink the size of one of its products by 10%. A company spokesperson said: “We expect to absorb costs in this difficult environment so we have had to make the decision to _47_ (slight) reduce the weight of chocolate bars for the first time since 2012, so that we can keep them surviving in the fie
119、rce _48_ (compete).” The service industry is also trying to keep from raising prices. The hotel chains Hilton have made it a rule _49_ guests must now request daily housekeeping services. Many other free services we have taken for granted are also _50_ the decrease.【答案】41. maintaining42. production4
120、3. to place44. consumers45. the46. has chosen47. slightly48. competition49. that50. on【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近些年较常见的“收缩性通货膨胀”这种经济现象，这是很多生产商和制造商在面临成本上升时，通过“减量不加价”的隐性加价手段，希望消费者继续购买他们的产品。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是指公司在保持价格的同时减少其产品或服务范围的规模。分析句子结构可知，while引导的状语从句进行了省略，当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且有be时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。原句为“
121、This is when companies reduce the size of their products or range of services while they are maintaining prices.”，所以省略主语和are后，剩下现在分词作状语。故填maintaining。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：这是对生产过程中所需原材料价格上涨的反应。in the process of “在的过程中”，of为介词，后面加名词。produce“生产”，其名词形式为production。故填production。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公司选择的另一种方式是把较小的物
122、品放在较大的盒子里，让购物者认为他们的花钱能得到更多。分析句子结构可知，本句话为主系表结构，空处为动词不定式作表语，对主语进行解释。故填to place。【44题详解】考查可数名词的单复数。句意：事实上，消费者对价格比数量或质量更敏感。空处用名词作主语，根据become判断主语为复数形式。故填consumers。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：只要价格没有上涨，大多数购物者都会定期购买，即使它已经缩水。空处特指前文中出现价格，所以用定冠词the。故填the。【46题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，巧克力制造商吉百利选择将其产品的尺寸缩小10%。分析句子结构可知，空为为句子的谓语动词。根据so
123、far可知，句子用现在完成时。主语the chocolate maker Cadbury 为单数，助动词用has。故填has chosen。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：一位公司发言人表示：“我们希望在这种困难的环境下消化成本，因此我们不得不做出决定，自2012年以来首次略微减轻巧克力棒的重量，以便让它们在激烈的竞争中生存下来。”分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词reduce，所以需要副词。故填slightly。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：一位公司发言人表示：“我们希望在这种困难的环境下消化成本，因此我们不得不做出决定，自2012年以来首次略微减轻巧克力棒的重量，以便让它们在激烈的竞争中生存下来
124、。”根据空前的形容词fierce可知，空处需要名词。compete“竞争”，其名词形式为competition。故填competition。【49题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：希尔顿连锁酒店规定，客人现在必须要求提供日常客房服务。分析句子结构可知，it为形式宾语，而真正的宾语为后面的从句，所以空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句句意完整，不缺成分，所以用that引导。故填that。【50题详解】考查介词。句意：我们认为理所当然的许多其他免费服务也在减少。be on the decrease“正在减少”。故填on。15 【陕西省渭南市华州区2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底考试】The Eiffel
125、Tower is one of the worlds most famous sights. The 324-meter-tall iron tower, _41_ attracts millions of tourists to Paris every year, has been an iconic part of Paris skyline for 133 years. However, it is showing its age. Engineers recently conducted a survey of the monument. They found that its met
126、al was full of rust (锈) _42_ said it was in a poor state. They added that if its designer Gustave Eiffel was alive today and saw his _43_ (create), he would have a heart attack. Engineers said the tower needed many repairs. As _44_ matter of fact, a 2016 report on the tower stated there were 698 fau
127、lts on the tower, which were serious enough to put the _45_ (tower) long-term future in doubt.Construction of the Eiffel Tower started in January 1887 and it opened to the public on the 31st of March, 1889. It _46_ (build) to celebrate the 1889 Worlds Fair in Paris. The original plan was for the tow
128、er _47_ (take) down after 20 years. However, the French government changed its mind and _48_ (keep) it in place. The tower is _49_ (current) being repainted ahead of the 2024 Olympics. Engineers say _50_ (paint) the metal will not make the rust problem go away. They say the existing paint needs to b
129、e completely removed first.【答案】41. which42. and43. creation44. a45. towers46. was built47. to be taken48. kept49. currently50. painting【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是埃菲尔铁塔修建的始末以及它的令人担忧的现状。【41题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：133年来，这座324米高的铁塔一直是巴黎天际线的标志性部分，每年都吸引着数百万游客来到巴黎。空处所在句子为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tower，从句缺主语，先行词为物，应用关系代词which。故
130、填which。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：他们发现这座纪念碑的金属长满了锈，并说它的状态很差。结合句意可知此处表示said与found两个谓语动词的并列，应用并列连词and。故填and。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：他们补充说，如果它的设计师古斯塔夫埃菲尔今天还活着，看到他的作品，他会心脏病发作的。结合句意及空前的动词saw his可知应填名词形式creation，作宾语，creation表示“作品”时为可数名词，此处指埃菲尔铁塔这一项作品，应用单数。故填creation。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：事实上，2016年的一份关于塔的报告称，塔上有698个故障，这些故障严重到足以让人怀疑塔的
131、长期未来。as a matter of fact意为“事实上；实际上”，固定搭配。故填a。【45题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：事实上，2016年的一份关于塔的报告称，塔上有698个故障，这些故障严重到足以让人怀疑塔的长期未来。结合句意及空后的long-term future可知应填名词所有格，作定语，修饰future。故填towers。46题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：它是为庆祝1889年的巴黎世界博览会而建的。结合句意可知空处应填谓语动词的形式，依据in January 1887可知动作发生在过去，且tower与build之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。
132、【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最初的计划是在20年后拆除这座塔。名词plan/goal/aim/task/dream, etc.等作主语，应用不定式作表语，tower与take down之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态。故填to be taken。【48题详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，法国政府改变了主意，保留了这座塔。结合句意及空前的并列连词and，可知应填谓语动词的形式，与changed并列。故填kept。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：在2024年奥运会之前，这座塔目前正在重新粉刷。结合句意可知空处修饰动词is being repainted，应用副词形式，作状语。故填curre
133、ntly。【50题详解】考查动名词。句意：工程师们表示，给金属上漆并不能解决生锈的问题。结合句意以及空后的will make可知空处应填动名词形式，作主语，表示习惯性，经常性动作。故填painting。16【黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试】A reporter from Jiangsu Province went to Australia and some other countries with his father for a 3-month trip,_71_turned out to be a miracle (奇迹).The reporters fat
134、her spent most of his life _72_ (work) on the farm. The son started these _73_ (amaze) trips with his father because the father got cancera serious _74_ (ill). The reporter wanted _75_ (take) his father to travel in the hope that his father can find his younger self in his last days. They traveled m
135、ore than 13,000 kilometers and took over 110,000 pictures on their trips to different _76_(country). Well, a miracle _77_(happen) during the “rebirth” trips. _78_ their surprise, his father got _79_ (good) and became more open-hearted.He even taught himself to play _80_violin, and then he played it
136、very well after practice. After that miracle trip, now he is expecting another trip to Africa. He is the most stylish dad ever. Time carves (雕刻) the old fathers face but youth flows in his blood. This is the real style.【答案】71. which72. working73. amazing74. illness75. to take76. countries77. happene
137、d78. to79. better80. the【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个记者带自己患癌的老父亲到处旅行，结果奇迹发生了，在愉快的旅行之后，老父亲癌症自愈了，并且学会了好多技能，越活越年轻。【71题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：一位来自江苏省的记者和他的父亲去澳大利亚和其他一些国家进行了3个月的旅行，结果证明这是一个奇迹。分析句子可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词trip，指物，关系词代替它在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【72题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位记者的父亲大半生都在农场工作。动词固定搭配spend （in）doing，表示“花费.时
138、间做.”，用动名词作宾语。故填working。【73题详解】考查形容词。句意：儿子与他的父亲开始这些惊人的旅行，因为父亲得了癌症一种严重的疾病。该空需要形容词作定语修饰名词trips。所给词amaze是动词，应用v-ing形式形容词修饰名词trips，amazing“惊人的”符合题意。故填amazing。【74题详解】考查名词。句意：儿子与他的父亲开始这些惊人的旅行，因为父亲得了癌症一种严重的疾病。该空需要填名词作cancer的同位语，根据a可知用单数名词。故填illness。【75题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：记者想带他父亲去旅行，希望他的父亲能在他最后的日子里找到年轻的自己。该空应填动词不
139、定式作want的宾语，want to do(想要做.)。故填to take。【76题详解】考查名词复数。句意：他们旅行了13000多公里，在不同的国家拍摄了超过11万张照片。该空所给名词country是可数名词，结合空前different可知，应使用名词复数。故填countries。【77题详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：在“重生”之旅中奇迹发生了。该空所给动词happen在句中作谓语，根据上下文时态判断应使用一般过去时。故填happened。【78题详解】考查介词。句意：令他们吃惊的是，他的父亲变得更好了，也变得更开朗了。介词固定短语to ones surprise 表示“令某人感到惊讶的是”
140、符合题意，位于句首首字母大写。故填To。【79题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：令他们吃惊的是，他的父亲变得更好了，也变得更开朗了。所给形容词good在句中做表语，结合下文“became more open-hearted.”可知，应使用形容词比较级，表示父亲和以前相比的变化。故填better。【80题详解】考查冠词。句意：他甚至自学拉小提琴，在练习之后，他拉得非常好。演奏乐器前应使用定冠词the，play the violin“拉小提琴”。故填the。17【河南省豫南九校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次学业质量联合检测】The first known examples of paper
141、money _41_ (create) in China over a thousand years ago. Now, China is the first major economy _42_ (produce) and distribute a digital currency.The digital yuan is a form of central bank digital currency, _43_ is issued by the Peoples Bank of China. It is a digitized version of the physical yuan. It
142、works the same as banknotes and coins, but differs _44_ form. This means that the digital yuan may _45_ (eventual) replace physical cash as a means of payment.Chinas digital currency _46_ (go) into an early trial phase in 2020 and extended during the next two years, _47_ (expect) to be adopted in 20
143、23 or 2024. Users can store their digital yuan in digital wallets and use a QR code to make _48_ (purchase) with the digital currency.The end goal of Chinas digital currency is to create _49_ cashless system that can create consumer, commercial, and government efficiencies.China isnt alone in its am
144、bition to digitize money. Nearly 80 countries around the world are researching or testing a digital currency of _50_ (they) own.【答案】41. were created42to produce43. which44. in45. eventually46. went47. expected48. purchases49. a50. their【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国人民银行发行“数字人民币”的情况。【41题详解】考查动词语态。句意：已知的第一批纸
145、币是一千多年前在中国创造的。主语examples of paper money与谓语动词create是被动关系，因此需要用被动语态，由时间状语为a thousand years ago可知，应用一般过去时。故填were created。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，中国是第一个生产和发行数字货币的主要经济体。名词economy前用序数词the first修饰，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to produce。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：数字人民币是央行数字货币的一种形式，由中国人民银行发行。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a form of central bank digi
146、tal currency，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：它的作用与纸币和硬币相同，但形式不同。固定搭配differ in“在存在不同”。故填in。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：这意味着，数字人民币可能最终会取代实物现金成为一种支付方式。此处修饰谓语动词replace，应用副词，作状语。故填eventually。【46题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：中国的数字货币在2020年进入早期试验阶段，并在未来两年延长，预计在2023或2024年采用。根据时间状语in 2020可知，本空应用一般过去时。故填went。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词
147、。句意：同上。分析句意可知，expect与主句的主语Chinas digital currency是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语表被动关系。故填expected。 【48题详解】考查名词复数。句意：用户可以将他们的数字人民币存储在数字钱包中，并使用二维码使用数字货币进行购买。此处的purchase作名词时意为“购买的东西”，为可数名词，此处用make purchases表示购物。故填purchases。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国数字货币的最终目标是创建一个可以提高消费者、商业和政府效率的无现金系统。此处泛指“一种无现金系统”，应用不定冠词，cashless是以辅音音素开头的
148、词，应用a。故填a。50题详解】考查物主代词。句意：全球近80个国家正在研究或测试自己的数字货币。固定搭配of ones own“属于自己的”。故填their。18【黑龙江省绥化市望奎县六校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学联考】Two new exhibitions, Shape or Shadow from the artist Zhang Gongque and Collect Them All from the street artist Michael Lau, were unveiled (揭幕) at the Guardian Art Center in Beijing ove
149、r the weekend. The Shape or Shadow exhibition explored the different _41_(stage) of the art career of the late artist Zhang Gongque from the 1950s to his death in 2020 through 24 oil paintings. Throughout his painting career, Zhang chose to create art _42_an open mind and truly express feelings, opi
150、nions as well as present an innocent art world, a realm (领域) of freedom where the artist could imagine _43_(free) as he played with shapes and shadows. The artist often said art creation is a _44_(person) matter unrelated to anyone else and that modern artists should not be bound by the environment,
151、 tradition or _45_(they). As Laus first solo exhibition in Beijing, the Collect Them All exhibition features 12 paintings and three sculptures from the Hong Kong-based artist, _46_(show) his passion for street art. _47_exhibition includes the series Method, First Encounter, Soliloquy and Crazy Child
152、ren as well as the large piece Yes, We Made It!, _48_honors Picassos painting Guernica. The large mural (壁画) _49_(create)by Lau in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic is a monument to the disastrous moments the human race _50_(face) in 2020, which shows if we work together, we can win any battle.【答案】4
153、1. stages42. with43. freely44. personal45. themselves46. showing47. The48. which49. created50. faced【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了上周末，北京嘉德艺术中心揭幕两个新的展览艺术家张工阙的形或影和街头艺术家刘建文的包圆儿。【详解】1.考查名词复数。句意：“形或影”展览通过24幅油画作品，探索了已故艺术家张公阙从20世纪50年代到2020年去世这段艺术生涯的不同阶段。different后的可数名词应用复数形式。故填stages。2.考查介词。句意：在他的绘画生涯中，张选择了以开放的心态创作
154、，真实地表达感情、意见，呈现出一个纯真的艺术世界，一个艺术家可以随意想象的自由的境界。此处意为“用开放的心态创造艺术”，表示使用具体的方式，用with。故填with。3.考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词imagine要用副词形式。故填freely。4.考查形容词。句意：这位艺术家常说，艺术创作是个人事务，与他人无关，现代艺术家不应受环境、传统或自身的束缚。修饰名词matter要用形容词形式。故填personal。5.考查反身代词。句意：同上。当宾语和主语一致时，宾语要用反身代词。空处作介词by的宾语，指代主语modern artists，所以用反身代词。故用 themselves。6.考查非谓语
155、动词。句意：作为刘建文在北京的首次个展，“包圆儿”展览展出了香港艺术家的12幅作品和3件雕塑作品，展示了他对街头艺术的热爱。分析可知，空处及之后内容在句中为状语，主语exhibition与动词show为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词。故填showing。7.考查冠词。句意：展览包括“方法”，“初见”，“自言自语”和“疯狂儿童”四个系列以及巨幅画作“Yes, We Made It!”，这是向大师毕加索的格尔尼卡致敬。这里的 The exhibition 特指 Lau的 Collect Them All展览。故填The。8. 考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析可知，空处及之后内容在句中为非限制性定语从句
156、，先行词Yes，We Made It！指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。9.考查非谓语动词。句意：刘建文在2020年创作的2019冠状病毒疾病大流行期间的这幅大型壁画，是对人类在2020年所面临灾难性时刻的纪念，它表明，如果我们齐心协力，我们就能赢得任何战斗。分析可知，9(create)by Lau in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic在句中为后置定语，修饰名词mural，动词create与名词mural为动宾关系，所以此处填过去分词。故填created。10.考查时态。句意：同上。分析可知，the human race 1
157、0(face) in 2020在句中为定语从句，先行词为the disastrous moments，在从句中为宾语。空处在定语从句中为谓语，结合时间状语in 2020，所以此处用一般过去时。故填faced。19【四川省巴中市2022-2023学年高三零诊考试】While its impossible to understand China if you dont speak Chinese, knowing the language does not mean you automatically understand China.My first real Chinese friend wa
158、s HuanHuan. Huan Huan was the first friend I made after my Chinese language skills _41_(catch)up with my personality, and he invited me _42_(visit) him at his familys village for Chinese New Year. At the table were Huan Huans parents, uncles, and his little brother. I worked at being a model guest,
159、_43_(pay)especially close attention to my pleases and thank you. At some point during the meal, I realized Huan Huan was looking _44_(increase)upset. After I thanked his mother for more rice, Huan Huan finally called me outside _45_ a private chat.“Are you uncomfortable in there?”“No, very comfortab
160、le.”“Is the food to your liking?” Is everyone being _46_(respect)?“Then youve got to stop saying thank you. Our guests are taking _47_ the wrong way,” he said. “Among friends, there is no need for thank you. You thank strangers for kindnesses. They _48_(expect)of friends.”Actions speak _49_(loud)tha
161、n words. To compliment Huan Huans mothers food, I ate more of it. She glowed, wordlessly. It was HuanHuan _50_ taught me the silent language of the give and take of relationships in China.【答案】41. caught42. to visit43. paying44. increasingly45. for46. respectful47. it48. are expected49. louder50. who
162、#that【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者在学会了汉语后跟好朋友回家乡过年时发生的故事并由此学习并理解了中国亲人之间行动胜过言语的无声表达。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：欢欢是我的中文水平赶上我的个性后所结识的第一个朋友，他邀请我去他家所在的村子里过春节。分析句子可知，主句谓语动词为was，是一般过去时态，从句也需用一般过去时，此处catch在从句中作谓语，需用过去时caught。故填caught。【42题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：欢欢是我的中文水平赶上我的个性后所结识的第一个朋友，他邀请我去他家的村子里过春节。短语invite sb to do sth.意为“邀请某人做
163、某事”，空格处需用动词不定式。故填to visit。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我努力成为一个模范客人，尤其关注使用“请”和“谢谢”。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词为worked，空格处pay作非谓语且表示伴随，此处用现在分词形式表伴随。故填paying。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：在吃饭的时候，我意识到欢欢变得越来越沮丧。空格后有形容词upset，此处需用副词修饰形容词。故填increasingly。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：在我感谢他妈妈给我更多的大米后，欢欢最终把我叫到外面私下聊天。分析句子可知，欢欢把我叫出去，是为了要跟我私下聊天，此处表示目的，用介词for。故填for。【4
164、6题详解】考查形容词。句意：每个人都是有礼貌的吗？空格前有分词being，是系动词，需用形容词作表语。respectful“有礼貌的”符合句意，故填respectful。【47题详解】考查代词。句意：“那你就别再说谢谢了。我们的客人正以错误的方式看待这件事。他说。”空格处指代前文提到的“saying thank you”这件事，此处需用代词it指代前文内容。故填it。【48题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：朋友之间，不需要感谢。你感谢陌生人的好意。人他们被期待成为朋友。句子主语they与动词expect之间为被动关系，由前文可知句子时态为一般现在时，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数。故填are expected。【49题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：事实胜于雄辩。空格后有than，此处表示与前文作比较，需用比较级louder。故填louder。【50题详解】考查强调句。句意：是欢欢教会了我在中国人际关系中给予和索取的无声语言。句型It is +被强调内容+that.为强调句型结构，当被强调内容是人时，that可换成who。空格处缺少that或who。故填that/who。