1、单元主题语境人与自然之人与环境、人与动植物(2020高考全国卷)话题：海狸鼠皮的回归词数：349难度：When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didnt cross your mind.But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria (海狸鼠)Unusua
2、l fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guiltfree furunless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year，” says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Lo
3、uisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters D|S5 a tail.Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.“The ecosystem down there cant handle this nonnative species(物种)Its
4、 destroying the environment.Its them or us，” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the catsized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for
5、Louisiana.He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it.Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.Then theres Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions.Model Paige Morgan says，“To g
6、ive people a guiltfree option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on themI think thats going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally accepta
7、ble.Shes trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is ecofriendly.语篇解读主题：人与自然(自然生态与环境保护)。话题：海狸鼠皮的回归。本文是一篇说明文。文章以新奥尔良和布鲁克林两地的时装秀为载体，倡导人们穿海狸鼠皮做的衣服，因为海狸鼠会破坏生态环境。这个有关人类与动物的关系、维护生态平衡的语篇，启发考生运用批判性思维和辩证思维思考社会生活中的现象和问题，激发学生深入思考，关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。28What is the purpose of the
8、fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?ATo promote guiltfree fur.BTo expand the fashion market.CTo introduce a new brand.DTo celebrate a winter holiday.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But some ecologists and fashion enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria.(但是一些生态学家和时尚爱好者正试图重建海狸鼠
9、皮市场)”以及第二段的内容可知，新奥尔良和布鲁克林两地的时装秀就是想推广无罪恶感的皮草交易。故选A项。答案：A29Why are scientists concerned about nutria?ANutria damage the ecosystem seriously.BNutria are an endangered species.CNutria hurt local catsized animals.DNutria are illegally hunted.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every y
10、ear和第四段中的“The ecosystem down there cant handle this nonnative species.Its destroying the environment.Its them or us.”可知，海狸鼠严重破坏了生态环境。故选A项。答案：A30What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?ABoomed.BBecame mature.CRemained stable. D.Crashed.解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句句意：海狸鼠皮贸易数十年以来让海狸鼠的
11、数量得以控制，但是在20世纪80年代后期海狸鼠的这个市场 的时候，这种和猫差不多大的动物(海狸鼠)开始疯狂繁殖。根据句意可知，此空表示“消失”或者“崩溃”。crash崩溃，正好符合此处的语境。boom繁荣；become mature变得成熟；remain stable保持稳定。答案：D31What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?AIts formal.BIts risky.CIts harmful.DIts traditional.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To give people a
12、 guiltfree option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on themI think thats going to be a massive thing，at least here in New York.”可知，Morgan觉得在纽约，给予人们一种没有负罪感的选择，他们可以穿海狸鼠皮做的衣服而不被人泼颜料他认为这将是一件大事，由此可以推断出穿皮草是一件很冒险的事情。答案：B,一、语言能力熟词生义/ 词类活用1figure out 想出；明白2end up 最终成为；最后处于3keep.in check 控制4li
13、ke crazy 拼命地； 疯狂地5convince vt.劝服；使相信6promote vt.推销7massive adj.大的；巨大的8label n标签9attach v贴上；系上二、思维品质1阅读技巧利用逻辑关系词巧解词义猜测题词义猜测题的关键是读懂上下文的含义。抓住逻辑关系信号词，弄清生词与上下文之间的内在逻辑关系，就不难猜测出词义。这里的信号词通常表示并列关系(and，or等)、因果关系(because，for，as，so，therefore等)、递进关系(besides，even，still，indeed等)、转折对比关系(but，however，in fact等)。30题下划线
14、单词所在句中的but就体现了海狸鼠数量从受控到失控的转折。2分析长难句并翻译句子He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it.分析its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green是宾语从句，作says的宾语。宾语从句中it是形式主语，动词不定式to convince people that nutria fur is green是真正的主语。在此动词不定式中，that nutria fur
15、 is green是宾语从句，作convince的宾语。翻译他说，虽然说服人们相信海狸鼠皮毛是环保的不容易，但是他对此毫不怀疑。三、文化素养思考：通过阅读这篇关于海狸鼠皮的回归的文章，你有何体会？文章以新奥尔良和布鲁克林两地的时装秀为载体，倡导人们穿海狸鼠皮做的衣服，因为海狸鼠会破坏生态环境。这个有关人类与动物的关系、维护生态平衡的语篇，启发考生运用批判性思维和辩证思维思考社会生活中的现象和问题，激发学生深入思考，关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。授课提示：对应学生用书第56页NO.1单词在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词先识记请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1hunt for a j
16、ob 寻找工作2respond with a smile以微笑表示回答3contain his anger克制他的愤怒4threaten him with death用死威胁他5employ modern methods运用现代方法6inspect the buildings对建筑物进行检查7decrease in number数目减少8appreciate sb.s friendship珍视某人的友谊9succeed in solving the problem 成功解决这一问题10a powerful and secure backing坚强可靠的后盾11be affected by he
17、at中暑12several amusing incidents几件有趣的事情13at the mercy of the weather任由天气摆布14a mosquito/snake bite蚊子叮伤/蛇咬伤再拓展请填入括号内单词的正确形式1Eating too much every day is harmful to our health；that is to say，eating too much every day does harm to our health.(harm)2None of the students responded to her question；in other
18、words，her question failed to get a response from any of the students.(respond)3Lacking proper protection against cold，we tried to make a fire to protect us from the cold night.(protect)4He succeeded his father as manager of the company.Soon their business became very successful.Lots of people wanted
19、 to know the secret of his success.(succeed)5The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before he came to work.(employ)6The man is always distant towards his neighbors，so his neighbors often keep him at a distance.(distant)02阅读单词标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重
20、新记忆wildlifehabitatextinctionendangerreserve zone rub speciescarpet fur dinosaur mosquitoinsect countyNO.2短语在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累必会短语请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1die out 灭亡；逐渐消失2come into being 形成；产生3burst into laughter 突然大笑起来4do harm to your eyes对你的眼睛有害5pay attention to state affairs关心国家大事6according to the instructions按照说
21、明7protect you from the rain保护你免受雨淋8smile in relief舒心地笑了9live in peace and content过着安宁而满足的生活10be in danger of catching cold有患感冒的危险词汇积累1“职场”高频动词集锦employ 雇用fire 开除resign 辞职 interview 面试dismiss 免的职；解雇 retire 退休2后缀ful构成的形容词小结powerful 强大的；有力的 harmful 有害的doubtful 怀疑的；疑惑的 faithful 守信的forgetful 健忘的 hopeful 充
22、满希望的3时“隐”时“现”die out 灭亡；逐渐消失 disappear vi. 消失；失踪appear vi. 出现 show up 出现turn up 出现；发生NO.3句式在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请根据提示完成下列句子1as引导方式状语从句，意为“像那样；按照”我们应该按照该组织的建议来保护这一地区的珍稀动物。We should protect the rare animals in this area as the organization suggests.2the way作先行词后接定语从句这一切都是因为约翰的好主意，以及他实现它的方式。All this was becaus
23、e of Johns bright idea, and the way he carried it out.(2020新高考全国卷)3with的复合结构有这样一个好朋友在身边，我有信心我会变得越来越好。I have the confidence that，with such an excellent friend around me，I will become better and better.(2020高考全国卷)授课提示：对应学生用书第57页1mercy n. 怜悯，宽恕，仁慈写作佳句 Its a mercy that she wasnt seriously hurt and was w
24、aiting until the rescue arrived.幸好她受伤不重，正等着救援的到来。归纳拓展 (1)show mercy to/have mercy on sb.怜悯某人at the mercy of任凭的摆布without mercy毫不留情(2)merciful adj.仁慈的，宽恕的实战演练基础练透单句语法填空He is such a merciful(mercy) man and always has mercy on those homeless animals.The boat was at the mercy of the storm.能力提升句型转换They as
25、ked her to be merciful to the prisoners.They asked her to show mercy to/have mercy on the prisoners.(mercy)2contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍；克制(强烈的感情等)文化金句 This great and ancient Mount Tai contains rich natural and cultural deposits and has been listed on the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List by the Unit
26、ed Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization.这座雄伟而又古老的泰山蕴藏着丰富的自然和文化遗产，已被联合国教育、科学及文化组织列入世界自然和文化遗产名录。归纳拓展 (1)contain oneself克制自己(2)container n容器；集装箱；货柜实战演练基础练透一词多义/对比填空(contain/include)After the meal，she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand.内含，包含The stadium is large enou
27、gh to contain 100 thousand audience.容纳Hearing the disappointing news，he was too sad to contain himself.克制The container contains many kinds of fruits，including a pineapple/a pineapple included.能力提升完成句子After the meal，a lucky charm and a red pocket which contains lucky money will be given to everyone a
28、nd some lucky words are said to each other.饭后，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着压岁钱的红包，并互相说一些吉祥的话语。实战贴士 (1)contain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内。(2)include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.。3affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭写作佳句 The traffic issue not only affects our daily life，
29、but may also threaten peoples lives.交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。归纳拓展 (1)be affected by受的影响；被感动be affected with感染疾病(2)effect n作用；影响have an effect/influence on对产生影响实战演练基础练透单句语法填空With the governments aid，those people affected(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.Affected with
30、a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.It is obvious that your own judgement will be affected (affect) if you blindly follow others advice.能力提升句式升级Many young people were affected by his story.They began to do volunteer work for the disabled
31、.Affected by his story，many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(合并升级为分词短语作状语)实战贴士 “被深深地感动”的表达：be deeply moved；be deeply touched；be deeply affected。4appreciate vt. 鉴赏；感激；意识到；欣赏；重视写作佳句 I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.(2019高考全国卷)如果您能考虑我的申请
32、，我将不胜感激。归纳拓展 (1)appreciaten./pron./v.ing重视/感激I would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n欣赏；感激 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空/补全句子I appreciate being given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help adapt the text Pygmali
33、on into a short play.(2020高考全国卷)In addition，Im crazy to learn how to appreciate western paintings (欣赏西方绘画)，and it cant be better if you can tell us some tricks about how to paint.(2019高考天津卷)能力提升一句多译如果你能参加这个排球比赛我将感激不尽。(2019高考全国卷)Id appreciate it if you could take part in the volleyball match.Id be gr
34、ateful if you could participate in the volleyball match.实战贴士 appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语。当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。5succeed vi. 成功 vt. 接替；继任写作佳句 To succeed in life，one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.要想在生活中成功，首先必须设定目标
35、，然后逐渐让它变得可行。归纳拓展 (1)succeed in doing sth.be successful in doing sth.manage to do sth.成功地做某事succeed to sth.继承succeed sb.as.接替某人成为(2)success nU成功；成就；C成功的人或事物successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空After succeeding to his fathers company as president，he successfully made the company more s
36、uccessful.(succeed)I sincerely wish the speech competition a great success.能力提升一句多译毫无疑问，健康的身体对于任何想在事业上有所成就的人来说都非常重要。Undoubtedly，good health is very important for any person who wants to succeed in his career.(定语从句)There is no doubt that good health is very important for whoever wants to be successfu
37、l in his career.(同位语从句；successful)实战贴士 牢记：具体指成功的人或事情时，success是可数名词呦！6employ vt. 雇用；利用(时间、精力等)写作佳句 I am employed in my lessons now，for the College Entrance Examination is very important to me.我现在忙于我的课程，因为高考对我很重要。归纳拓展 (1)employ sb.as.雇用某人任(职位)employ sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事忙于(做)某事；从事于某事(2)employer n雇主empl
38、oyee n雇员；雇工；受雇者employment n雇用；使用；工作；职业 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空/单句改错The employer (employ) employed Tom to work (work) in the company.My mother was employing in writing，so she noticed nothing.employingemployed或employing后加herself能力提升一句多译她忙着给花浇水，因此没有注意到发生的一切。She was employed/employing herself in watering the flo
39、wers，so she did not notice what was happening.Employed in watering the flowers，she did not notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)Employing herself in watering the flowers，she did not notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)7die out 灭绝，灭亡；逐渐消失写作佳句 With the living environment becoming worse and worse，many
40、 of the earths species are dying out.随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在逐渐消失。归纳拓展 (1)die of/from 因而死(2)be dying for 很想要；渴望be dying to do sth. 极想干某事实战演练基础练透单句语法填空More and more animals have been hunted，some of which are dying out.Im dying to know (know) what happened.能力提升句式/词汇升级As the living environment becomes w
41、orse and worse，many species are gradually disappearing.With the living environment becoming worse and worse，many species are gradually dying out.(with复合结构)8protect.from 保护不受(危害)写作佳句 As a matter of fact，it is physical exercise that can protect you from heart disease.事实上，体育锻炼可以预防心脏病。归纳拓展 (1)protect.ag
42、ainst保护以防(2)阻止做keep.doing sth.使一直做某事(3)under the protection of.在的保护下实战演练基础练透单句语法填空Dolphins are our friends，so we have the responsibility to protect them from being hurt (hurt)Under the protection of his friends，he lived in hiding for nearly a decade.The hunter kept the fire burning (burn)all day lon
43、g when winter came.能力提升一句多译我们应该立即采取措施保护环境免受污染。We should take immediate measures to protect the environment from being polluted.(protect)We should take immediate measures to prevent/keep/stop the environment from being polluted.(stop/keep/prevent)9pay attention to 注意；留意写作佳句 When you have dinner with
44、friends，you will often notice someone paying more attention to his mobile phone.当你和朋友们一起用餐时，你经常会发现有人更关注自己的手机。归纳拓展draw/attract/catch ones attention 引起某人的注意turn ones attention to . 把注意力转移到fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on . 把注意力集中在have ones attention 请某人注意 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空In order to protect the b
45、alance of nature，the professor suggested that we (should) pay attention to improving (improve) peoples environmental awareness.能力提升一句多译他站在那儿，集中注意力看墙上的布告。(fix)He stood there，his attention fixed on the notice on the wall.(独立主格)He stood there，and his attention was fixed on the notice on the wall.(被动语态)
46、He stood there，fixing his attention on the notice on the wall.(现在分词短语作伴随状语)10主句the way定语从句文化金句 Openness and cooperation are the sure way that/in which we achieve progress in science and technology and growth of productivity.开放和合作是科技进步和生产力发展的必由之路。归纳拓展 (1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词
47、in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that或which，作宾语时关系代词还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。实战演练基础练透单句语法填空I will share with you the way (that/in which) you can learn English well，because I know the way (that/which) you have accepted is not the best.We attach great importance to the way which/
48、that was taught by you.能力提升完成句子You should keep in mind that communicating with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.你应该牢记：经常与同班同学交流是提高学习的有效方法。授课提示：对应学生用书第59页教材与高考.阅读理解障碍词 1阅读词汇认知(2016高考北京卷)On the 20th of that month，Dr.Welch examined a sick boy，Billy，and knew he had diphther
49、ia，a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children.vt.侵袭(2016高考全国卷)In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own.adj.狂野的2一词多义(2018高考北京卷)In todays information age，the loss of data can cause serious proble
50、ms for a company.D A损失B遗失C丧失D丢失(浙江卷)I watched for the desert sunsets，and hunted for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean floor.CA打猎B猎取C搜寻 (2018高考北京卷)Bertocchini agrees and hopes her teams findings might one day help employ the enzyme
51、 (酶) to break down plastics in landfills.BA忙于B利用；使用C雇用.语言运用高频点1语法填空(2020新高考全国卷)Jennifer is a firstgeneration graduate and an inspiration to her familyand thats pretty powerful (power)(2020高考浙江卷 )For all of Bellevues success (succeed), adaptive signals are not a cureall for jammed roadways.(2020高考江苏卷
52、)The public health emergency response (respond) was lowered to Level 2 in the BeijingTianjinHebei region.2完形填空(2018高考全国卷)On March 19，Dennis got a group text informing him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital，waiting for the arrival of a baby.“Congratulations! But I think someone was mist
53、aken，” Dennis 46 .The baby was born and update texts were coming in quickly from the overjoyed grandmother，Teresa.ArespondedBinterruptedCpredictedDrepeated解析：Dennis收到短信，当然要作出回复。respond“答复，回应”，符合题意。答案：A(2018高考全国卷)Much to the familys surprise，Dennis stuck to his promise! He turned up at the hospital b
54、earing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.Lindseys husband was totally astonished by the unexpected visit.“I dont think we would have randomly invited him over but we 55 it and the gifts.”AadmitBneedCappreciateDexpect解析：根据语境可知，令这家人惊讶的是，丹尼斯去医院看望他们并且还带了礼物，所以Lindsey的丈夫对Dennis很是感激(appreci
55、ate)。答案：C.书面表达亮点练1(湖南卷)众所周知，鞋子在生活中发挥着重要作用，因为它能保护我们的脚不受伤害。(protect .from)As is known to us all, shoes play an important role in our life, for it can protect our feet from being hurt.2(2020高考上海卷)如果你按照我告诉你的去做，我确信你会玩得很愉快。(as)If you do as I tell you，I am sure you will have a great time.3(2020高考全国卷)有你在帮助我
56、们，我想我们的表演会有很大的进步。(with复合结构)With you helping us，I think we will make great progress in our performance.素养与落实用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文调查研究证明，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1 000只。假定你是李华，请用英文给WWF写一封信，请他们关注这个现象并提供帮助。内容包括：说明写信目的；简述江豚现状；希望WWF如何帮助。Step 1补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)我是李华，写信请您关注江豚的情况。I am Li H
57、ua，writing to ask you to pay attention to the situation of finless porpoises.江豚受到人类活动的严重影响，结果目前只剩下大约一千只。Finless porpoises are seriously affected by human activities，so that there are only about 1,000 finless porpoises left at present.我们诚挚地希望你们采取措施保护这种濒危物种免于灭绝。We sincerely hope that measures can be t
58、aken to protect this endangered species from dying out.我们需要专家帮助我们更好地了解江豚，这样的话，我们就能更好地照顾它们。We need help from experts to better understand the animals.In that case，we can take better care of them.我们不仅需要更多的赞助而且应该雇用更多的工人帮助我们。(利用被动语态)Not only a sponsorship will be needed but also more workers should be e
59、mployed to help us.尽管任务艰巨，我们相信我们迟早会成功。Though the task is challenging，we are certain that we will succeed in time.如果你考虑我们的请求我将非常感激。I would appreciate it if you could take our request into consideration.Step 2升级平淡句1用非限制性定语从句升级句We need help from experts to better understand the animals，in which case we can take better care of them.2用倒装句和主语从句升级句Challenging as/though the task is，it is certain that we will succeed in time.
