1、第十讲特殊句式 考点研析多维讲练 考点一 祈使句、感叹句和省略句1.祈使句祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)，有时也可用everybody, someone, anybody等不定代词。祈使句的4种形式：动词原形(宾语其他成分)；Be表语，如Be honest.；Lets/Let us do/not do sth.；祈使句and/or简单句(简单句谓语用一般将来时)。2感叹句(1)what引导的感叹句Whata/anadj.可数名词单数主语谓语！Whatadj.可数名词复数/不可数名词主语谓语！What lovely children the
2、y are!他们是多么可爱的孩子啊！(2)how引导的感叹句Howadj.a/an可数名词单数主语谓语！Howadj./adv.主语谓语！How主语谓语！How interesting a story it is!What an interesting story it is!这是多么有趣的一个故事啊！3省略句省略是高考经常涉及的语法点，常考的几种省略情况如下：(1)状语从句的省略：在when, while, if, as if, though, as, whether等连词引导的状语从句中，如果谓语有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it，则从句的主语和be常常省略。(2)不定式中的省略：在
3、一定的上下文中为了避免重复，可以省略不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语)，只保留不定式符号to，否定形式的省略用not to，但如果省略的不定式结构中含有be, have(作助动词用)，通常保留be或have。(3)if引导的虚拟条件句的省略：当if从句中有had, should, were时，可以省去if，同时把had, should, were置于句首。即学即练(单句语法填空)12022郑州高三质量预测_ attractive and inviting Hangzhou is!2Get up early tomorrow. If _， you will miss the early bu
4、s.考点二 强调句强调句是高考考查的难点，在理解强调句时，学生要注意以下6点：1被强调部分是人时，连接词that/who都可以；非人时，用that。2强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Wasit被强调的部分that/who其他部分。3强调句的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他部分？When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？4含not. until.的强调句型：It is/was not until.that其他部分。5把句子中的“It is/was. that/who”去掉之
5、后，句子依然成立，就是强调句，否则就不是强调句。6如果需要强调谓语，应用助动词do, does或did。The family did manage to send him to a technical school.家里的确设法让他上了技术学校。即学即练(单句语法填空)12022湖北襄阳四校联考Although it was ten years ago _ I read the book，it shows me a universal truth that books are friends，always pushing us to move on.22022湖北荆门调研It wasnt un
6、til in high school _ I began to trust other people again.考点三 两种形式的倒装句1.部分倒装(1)将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely. when., no sooner. than., not only. but also., not until, nowhere, neither. nor.等。Not until I lost
7、my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.直到我失业了，我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。(2)“only状语”置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.只有当你能找到内心的平静，你才能和别人保持良好的关系。(3)so/such. that.结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。Such great progress
8、 did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步，以至于受到了表扬。(4)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor助动词/系动词/情态动词主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。I saw the film The Great Wall last week, so did she.我上周看了电影长城，她也看了。2完全倒装here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短
9、语置于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用全部倒装。The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那里。即学即练(单句语法填空)1Between rows of trees _ (stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library.22022四川部分名校联测At the top
10、 of the hill _ (lie)an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.小试牛刀.语法填空2022四川省高三第三次联考Located next to the Chishui River, Bingan, an ancient town in Guizhou Province, used to be an important gateway between Sichuan and Guizhou during the Ming and Qing dynasties. In addition to the 1.
11、_ (new)constructed suspension bridge, only boats could make the town 2._ (access). This heritage(遗产) of inconvenient transportation has preserved the towns traditional culture and structures so far. 3_ is difficult to find an area of flat land to build residents houses because the town 4._ (found) i
12、n a mountainous region many years ago. However, locals quickly adopted existing technologies, such as silted(吊脚) houses with wooden framed, to satisfy basic military 5._ economic needs. If viewed from across the river on the highway, a large number of three to-five-storey houses 6._ (support) by hun
13、dreds of logs(原木) can be seen. There 7._ (be) four stone gates on each side of the town, making Bingan more a solid castle 8._ a town. The new suspension bridge spans the Chishui River. Standing in the middle part of the bridge, visitors may get an overall view of Bingan town and the high mountains
14、around. It is the best location 9._ (take) photos. Along the blue stone pieces covered with moss, the old buildings shaded by woods take people back in time to ancient China. 10._ (record) the history of the town, the old houses and walls look like faded pictures.写作运用补全下面写作， 注意特殊句式的运用。Dear Jane，1_(时
15、间过得真快！)! Im delighted to hear from you. In your letter you asked me how to stay healthy. 2. _(这是我的建议). Firstly, you should keep a balanced diet. 3._(不要吃高脂肪高糖食物). You should eat more vegetables. Secondly, taking exercise every day helps build up a strong body. 4._(只有这样你才能够有足够的精力投入到学习中去). As we all kn
16、ow, 5. _(有规律的锻炼在保持我们的健康方面起重要作用). Finally, make sure you have enough sleep and you mustnt stay up too late at night. 6_(正确地饮食和有规律地锻炼， 你会保持健康的). 7. _(我真希望我的建议有用). Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua第十讲特殊句式考点研析多维讲练考点一1答案与解析：How考查感叹句。根据该句中的“attractive and inviting”以及“Howadj.主语谓语！”结构可知，此处应用How来引导该感叹句。2答案与解析：not句意：明
17、天早起。如果不早起的话，你将会错过早班车。在if so/not省略句式中，so/not指代上一句的内容，根据miss the early bus可知，设空处是指“不早起”。考点二1答案与解析：that分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，强调时间状语。故填that。2答案与解析：that句意：直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。本句考查强调句型“It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分”，且强调时间状语。故填that。考点三1答案与解析：stands句意：几排树之间耸立着一座新建筑，应该是我们的新图书馆。表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装语序，本句为一般性的描
18、述，用一般现在时，主语a new building为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填stands。2答案与解析：lies当介词短语置于句首时，句子应用完全倒装，去除修饰部分which has a wonderful view of the whole city后，还原成正常语序为：An old cottage _ (lie) at the top of the hill.句意：山顶上坐落着一间能一览全城美景的古老小屋。结合定语从句的时态可以判断，此处应用一般现在时。故填lies。小试牛刀.语法填空【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了我国贵州省的丙安古镇。1答案与解析：newly考
19、查副词。句意：除了新建的悬索桥，只有坐船才能到达这个镇子。本句中修饰过去分词constructed要用副词，newly constructed意为“新建的”。2答案与解析：accessible考查形容词。句意：除了新建的悬索桥外，这个城镇只有靠乘船才能到达。分析句子可知，在使役动词make和宾语后需要形容词作宾补，accessible意为“可到达的”，符合题意。3答案与解析：It考查形式主语。句意：因为这个镇子是多年前在一个山区里被建立的，找到一块平原地区来建造住所是很困难的。分析句子可知，此处需在固定句型It is形容词to do sth.中作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语。4答
20、案与解析：was founded考查时态和语态。句意：因为这个镇子是多年前在一个山区里被建立的，找到一块平原地区来建造住所是很困难的。分析句子可知，该句谓语动词found与主语之间为被动关系，符合被动语态，且根据时间状语many years ago可知，此处动词应该使用一般过去时的被动语态。5答案与解析：and考查连词。句意：然而，当地人很快采用了现有的技术，如搭建木结构吊脚楼以满足基本的军事和经济需求。分析句子结构可知， 此空连接两个并列的定语military和economic，要用连词and。6答案与解析：supported考查非谓语动词。句意：如果从河对岸的高速公路上看，能看到许多靠上百
21、根原木支撑的三到五层的房子。本句为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰houses，且support与之构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故使用其过去分词形式。7答案与解析：are考查主谓一致。句意：在镇子的四面有四个石门，这让丙安古镇更像是个坚固的城堡而非城镇。there be句型中应该使用就近一致原则，其主语four stone gates为复数；且叙述客观事实，符合一般现在时。故be动词使用are。8答案与解析：than考查固定搭配。句意：在镇子的四面有四个石门，这让丙安古镇更像是个坚固的城堡而非城镇。该句中有比较级more，结合句意应搭配than表示“与其说不如说”。9答案与解析：to take考查非谓语动词
22、。句意：这是最佳的拍照地点。由句意可知，这里应使用不定式作后置定语修饰location。10答案与解析：Recording考查非谓语动词。句意：记录着镇子的历史，这些旧房子和墙面看起来就像一幅幅褪色的画卷。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词作状语，且record与逻辑主语 the old houses and walls 为主谓关系，故使用其现在分词形式。.写作运用1答案：How time flies2答案：Here is my advice3答案：Dont eat food high in fat and too much sweet food4答案：Only in this way can you have enough energy to study better5答案：it is regular exercise that plays an important part in keeping us healthy6答案：Eat properly and exercise regularly and you will stay healthy7答案：I do hope my advice is helpful