1、江苏高考完形填空近5年考查分布明细统计年份体裁选项设置词汇复现语境暗示逻辑关系固定搭配2019记叙文313222018记叙文315202017记叙文314212016夹叙夹议文414022015叙文11720分析近五年的江苏卷高考试题，我们不难发现，完形填空的文章体裁主要是记叙文，有时是夹叙夹议文。内容主要是传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。题型分为句内、句组和语篇等三个层次，以句内层次和句组层次题为主，语篇层次题为辅。设空以语境题和词汇题为主，较难的语篇层次题仅有3道左右。这就要求考生在做完形填空题时，心中始终有这三个层次，认真甄别每道题是属于哪种层次，然后再确定用何种方法来解题，从而做到万
2、无一失。【图解题型】一、句内层次题句内层次题是指通过阅读空格所在句即可找出答案的题目。典例1(2019江苏卷)Emma had _42_ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.42.A.never B.alwaysC.unluckily D.cheerfully答案A后面提到Emma变得非常依恋人类，由此可知，她从来不(never)把自己看作是一只鹤。always总是；unluckily不幸地；cheerfully高兴地。(句内层次题)典例2(2019江苏卷)With their patience and e
3、fforts, they successfully developed a _47_ of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.This _48_ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.47.A.combination B.collectionC.strategy D.system答案A人工繁殖和自然繁殖是两种繁殖方式，此处指动物园饲养员把这两种方式成功地结合起来了，故选combination(结合，联合)。collection收集；strategy策略；system系统。(句内层次题)
4、48.A.forced B.forbadeC.taught D.enabled答案D这种方式使Emma生了五只幼鹤。enable sb to do sth使某人做某事，是固定搭配，且符合此处的语境。(句内层次题句组层次题)二、句组层次题句组层次题是指不能通过阅读空格所在句确定答案，需要结合题目所在句子以外的句子(句组)才可找出答案的题目。典例3(2019江苏卷)The two keepers are proud of their productive work.But before they can be _49_， more efforts must be made，because the
5、population of the crane in the wild is on the _50_， and many other species appear headed toward extinction._51_， not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.49.A.defeated B.gratefulC.assured D.tolerant答案C由but表示的转折含义以及后面提到的“必须付出更多的努力”可
6、知，他们现在还不能确定(assured)。defeated被击败的；grateful感激的；tolerant容忍的。(句内层次题)50.A.list B.riseC.agenda D.decline答案D他们必须付出更多的努力，因为野生白枕鹤的数量在下降(on the decline)，许多其他物种面临灭绝的危险。list清单；rise上升；agenda议事日程。(句内层次题)51.A.In contrast B.After allC.By the way D.On the contrary答案B出现这种情况的原因是，毕竟(after all)不是每个人都意识到野生动物有思想、有感情，最重要的
7、是，它们有平等的生存权利。in contrast相比之下；by the way顺便说一下；on the contrary相反。(句组层次题)典例4(2018江苏卷)Wild camping is _43_ in England.To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning.43.A.unpopular B.lawfulC.attractive D.illegal答案D根据下文中的To avoid being caught可知，在英国野营
8、是非法的(illegal)。故选D。(句组层次题)三、语篇层次题语篇层次题是指无法在句内或句组确定答案，需要结合整个语篇才能找到正确答案的题目。典例5(2018江苏卷)During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes, “_52_ had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) _53_ written book.It had also given me a c
9、hoice, either to leave that page blank or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”52.A.Doctors B.HikingC.Lawyers D.Homelessness答案D仅仅从这一段并没有办法确定答案，但是阅读全文，特别是文章第一段第一句“Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.”可知，是无家可归(homelessness)夺走了他们所有的物质财富。故选D。(语篇层次题
10、)53.A.well B.partlyC.neatly D.originally答案B阅读全文可知，Raynor和她的丈夫在旅行之前的人生过得很不顺利，但是通过这次旅行领悟到了一些人生道理。因此作者把人生比喻成一本书，一本只完成了一部分内容的书。故选B。(语篇层次题)做完形填空通常采用以下两个步骤：第一步：阅读理解是基础。第二步：上下求索找信息，结合常识巧解题。每一道题必有据，句内句外找信息；遇到难题放一边，因为答案在下面。第一讲词汇复现/同现词汇复现的信息包括原词复现，同义词、近义词和反义词复现，上下义词复现等。词汇同现指的是在语篇中围绕某一特定话题的词汇有共同出现的倾向性。如一篇谈论环境保
11、护的文章，以下单词有可能共同出现：environment, pollute, car, rubbish, smoke，measure, tree等。词汇同现在同一语篇中，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为“语义场”或“词场”。1.原词复现典例1(2019江苏卷)Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their _38_.Emma, a female crane, has been in their 39.care since she arrived in 2004.they successfully d
12、eveloped a bination of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.38.A.abortion B.recreationC.reproduction D.administration答案C由文中的artificial breeding and natural reproduction(人工繁殖和自然繁殖)可知，此处为两位饲养员帮助濒危的白枕鹤繁殖(reproduction)。abortion人工流产；recreation娱乐，消遣；administration管理，施行。2.同/近义词复现典例2(2019江苏卷)
13、Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.There are species (物种) that are _36_ every day.The white-naped crane is a typical example.So scientists are trying their best to 37.save the species from going out of existence.36.A.growing B.migratingC.competing D.disappearing答案D由第一句和最后一句“from
14、going out of existence”可知，此处讲每天都有物种在消失(disappear)，故选D项。典例3(2018江苏卷)During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes, “52.homelessness had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) 53.partly written book.It had also given me a 54
15、.choice,_either to leave that page _55_ or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”55.A.loose B.fullC.blank D.missing答案C选择blank，表示一种选择是留着空白页，意思是停止旅行，还有一种选择是继续满怀希望地写作，即继续旅行。此处是上一句“an empty page”的同义复现。3.反义词复现典例4(2018江苏卷)Wild camping is 43.illegal in England.To avoid being caught, the Winns h
16、ad to get their tent up _44_ and packed it away early in the morning.44.A.soon B.earlyC.late D.slowly答案C为了不被抓到，他们不得不晚睡早起，因此选择late。与句后的early 为反义复现。4.上下义词复现典例5(2019天津卷)How much time and money would it cost to replace the _18_ of that little wallet? The credit cards, the drivers license, the cash，all l
17、ost to the bus.18.A.parts B.contentsC.details D.ingredients答案B由后面提到的信用卡、驾照和现金可知，这里说的是作者在想，要把那个小钱包里的东西都更换需要花多少时间和金钱。这里用contents表示“所容纳之物”，指作者丢失的钱包里装的那些物品。contents为上义词，the credit cards，the drivers license，the cash为下义词。5.词汇同现典例6(2019全国卷)Above 4，000 meters is the highland _57_：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks
18、.57.A.village B.desertC.road D.lake答案B联系冒号后的gravel，stones and rocks可知，4 000米以上是荒漠(desert)。典例7(2016江苏卷)Years ago，a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast.While we were _36_，Kurt asked me.36.A.working B.prep
19、aringC.thinking D.eating答案D根据前文(I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast.)提供的就餐场景可知，36空应为：就餐或吃饭，故选D。1.(2019海安高级中学高三测试)When time is up, the side booster rockets are lit up and the eight explosive bolts 45.blow.The first things you see are large white _46_ clouds exploding
20、 away.Through the steam, you see the fire power.A.gas B.smokeC.mist D.steam答案D根据下文的：Through the steam, you see the fire power.你首先看见的是巨大的白色蒸汽云爆炸，选D。2.(2019全国卷)The town square was totally _55_.I think almost all the people in the town were there.A.new B.fullC.flat D.silent答案B由空后的“我觉得几乎镇上所有人都在那里了”可知城镇广
21、场完全满了(full)。此处为近义复现。3.(2018江苏卷)Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a _39_ journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers (徒步旅行者) guide.A.business B.walkingC.bus D.rail答案B因为他们找不到别的出路，所以决定步行去旅行。此处是下文中an old hikers guide中hiker的同义复现。故选B。4.(2019全国卷)Every year about 40，000 people attem
22、pt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.They 41.bring with them lots of waste.The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place.A.stories B.buildingsC.crowds D.reporters答案C联系上文中的about 40，000 people可知，这些人群(crowds)有可能破坏这个地方的美。此处为同义复现。5.(2018江苏卷)49.Eventually,_the couple found that their bo
23、dies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had _50_ forever.A.gained B.keptC.wounded D.lost答案D他们重新找回了原本认为已经永远失去的强有力的肌肉。根据re-found可知应选择lost。此处为反义复现。6.(2017江苏卷)With a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually _43_ doing it.He tried to hide his 44.obvious pleasure fro
24、m the music teacher，who had 45.wandered over to listen.A.missed B.disliked C.enjoyed D.denied答案C根据actually可知，Gabriel对音乐的看法有了变化，他实际上是喜欢音乐的，故选C。enjoy 与pleasure为同义复现。7.(2018全国卷)When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry，_41_ number！” and move on.A
25、.unlucky B.secret C.new D.wrong答案D根据上文的“get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person”和“sorry”可知，此处表示“错误的号码”，wrong 与unknown 为同一范畴。8.(2018天津卷)It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the _19_ team at the end of spring practice.A.successful B.excellentC.strong D.new答案D
26、successful成功的；excellent杰出的；strong强壮的；new新的。根据前半句It was a tradition for the schools old team中的old team提示可知，春季训练结束时，学校的新老球队进行对抗赛是一个传统。故选D。A(2019江苏省苏州中学高三一模)Last summer I went on a two-day river rafting trip with my teenage daughter as the river guide.I was proud to see my baby girl _1_ and confidently
27、 moving our raft through a variety of _2_ white-water conditions.I also found it _3_ to have my daughter giving commands and barking _4_ as to when and how to paddle(用桨划船).As we approached the largest _5_ on the river I could feel my heart beating faster.Upon _6_ the turbulent(湍急的) water, our boat g
28、ot _7_ on a large rock.I was in the front of the boat and reached _8_ with my paddle, thinking I would help _9_ us away from the rock.In the next instant I could feel myself falling out of the boat and into the river.I did have my moments of _10_ and terror.This resistance disappeared quickly，_11_ I
29、 landed in the cold, powerfully turbulent water._12_ my high-quality flotation vest, I was pulled underwater, _13_ thankfully, within seconds I popped(冒出) back up to the _14_.A few moments later one of the other trip leaders called for me to _15_ toward his boat, where I was quickly pulled up and in
30、.I was shaken, out of breath, and quite _16_ to be out of the turbulent water.An equivalent of this experience happens all the time in our lives.This is life.You cannot count on things going _17_.When we do, we often _18_ disappointed and unhappy.Resisting _19_，which often arrives suddenly and unexp
31、ectedly, keeps us from _20_ the scenario(可能要发生的事) unfolding before us clearly, and it can keep us from acting in ways that are smart and effective and that lead to results that make us feel good and proud of ourselves.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在一次与女儿玩漂流的过程中，因为推卡在岩石上的船只，不慎落入水中，最终得救的故事。1.A.painfully B.gradua
32、llyC.extremely D.skillfully答案Dpainfully痛苦地；gradually逐渐地；extremely极其地；skillfully熟练地，巧妙地。句意：看到我的小女儿熟练而自信地挪动我们的木筏，我感到很自豪。对应下文confidently，故选D。2.A.freezing B.challengingC.fascinating D.thrilling答案Bfreezing冰冻的；challenging挑战的；fascinating迷人的；thrilling令人兴奋的。由下文white-water conditions可知水流湍急，很具有挑战性，故选B。3.A.asha
33、med B.annoyingC.unbearable D.troublesome答案Aashamed羞愧的；annoying讨厌的；unbearable难以忍受的；troublesome麻烦的。由下文可知女儿冲“我”发号施令，“我”感到很羞愧。故选A。4.A.opinions B.lecturesC.orders D.lessons答案Copinions意见；lectures演讲；orders命令，顺序；lessons课程。上文提到了commands“指令”，故此处对应orders“命令”，故选C。5.A.rapid B.rockC.gap D.target答案Arapid急流；rock岩石；
34、gap缺口；target目标。句意：当我们接近河上最大的急流时，我能感觉到我的心跳加快了。根据句意选A。6.A.pouring B.pumpingC.entering D.covering答案Cpouring倾泻；pumping抽运；entering进入；covering覆盖。上文提到了靠近最大的急流，故本处应指“进入”急流中。故选C。7.A.occupied B.stuckC.rescued D.damaged答案Boccupied已占用的；stuck 被卡住的；rescued 营救；damaged被破坏的。根据后文“我”将船推离岩石可知此处船一进入急流就被卡在岩石上了。故选B。8.A.ba
35、ckward B.downC.forward D.across答案Cbackward 向后；down向下；forward向前；across横过。上文提到“我”在船的前方可知“我”用浆向前划。故选C。9.A.scare B.hideC.pull D.push答案Dscare惊吓；hide隐藏；pull拉；push推动。上文船被卡在大岩石上，因此“我”想帮助船推离岩石。push away“推开”，故选D。10.A.excitement B.performanceC.suffering D.resistance答案Dexcitement兴奋，刺激；performance表演；suffering苦难；
36、resistance反抗。根据下文This resistance disappeared quickly可知选D。11.A.before B.whileC.because D.as答案Dbefore在之前；while当时候；because因为；as 一就。句意：我一落入冰冷湍急的水中，这种反抗很快就消失了。as引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”，故选D。12.A.With B.DespiteC.In D.Below答案Bwith和在一起；despite尽管；in按照，用；below 在下面。句意：尽管我有高质量的浮力背心，我还是被拉到水下。前后表转折，故选B。13.A.but B.therefor
37、eC.so D.or答案Abut但是；therefore因此；so所以；or或者。虽然被水流拉到了水下，根据下文作者不久就浮出了水面。前后表转折，故选A。14.A.boat B.surfaceC.water D.terror答案Bboat船；surface表面；water水；terror恐怖。句意：在几秒钟内我冒出了水面。故选B。15.A.wander B.flowC.float D.swing答案Cwander漫步；flow流动；float漂浮；swing摇摆。句意：过了一会儿，另一位领队叫我朝他的船漂去。作者此刻漂在水中，故选C。16.A.shocked B.relievedC.distu
38、rbed D.embarrassed答案Bshocked震惊的；relieved如释重负的；disturbed扰乱的；embarrassed尴尬的。能够得救作者感到如释重负，故选B。17.A.potentially B.randomlyC.smoothly D.quickly答案Cpotentially潜在地；randomly随机地；smoothly顺利地；quickly快地。句意：你不能指望事情都一帆风顺。根据句意选C。18.A.wind up B.hurry upC.think up D.come up答案Awind up以告终；hurry up赶快；think up 想出；come up
39、发生。由作者自身经历可知，不顺的事发生时我们通常会感到失望和不开心。故选A。19.A.change B.temptationC.pressure D.effort答案Achange变化；temptation诱惑；pressure压力；effort努力。由下文suddenly and unexpectedly，可知应选A。20.A.assessing B.seeingC.appreciating D.minding答案Bassessing评估；seeing看见；appreciating感激；minding介意。句意：阻止我们清楚地看到眼前的情景。故选B。BPlease excuse me if
40、Im a little sad today.Mark is leaving, and Im feeling kind of sad.Hes been the heart and soul of the office for a couple of years，_1_ professional skills with a sweet nature.And now hes moving on to an exciting new _2_ opportunity.It sounds like it could be the chance of a lifetime, and were sincere
41、ly _3_ for him.But that doesnt make it any _4_ to say goodbye to a dear friend and trusted colleague.Our ability to cope with _5_ determines happiness in life.But how do we do that? Philosophers responses have been _6_.According to the author of the Biblical Book of Ecclesiastes, comfort can be foun
42、d in _7_ that “to everything there is a season, and a time to every purpose under heaven.” Kahlil Gibran urged his listeners to “let today embrace the _8_ with remembrance, and the future with longing.”A friend of mine reminds his fellow that “survivability depends upon _9_.” And a surfer summed up
43、_10_ problems in four words：“Go with the flow.”I think life is a series of _11_both good and bad.No matter how excellent your organizational skills, there will always be life-influencing factors over which you have no _12_.The truly successful person is _13_ to make adjustments should the need arise
44、.That means when things _14_ that arent exactly in your plan，you work around themand then you move on.Of course, some _15_ along the road of life are easier to take than others.A rained-out picnic, for example, is easier to _16_ than the sudden death of a loved one.But the _17_ is the same.Change, i
45、ndeed, is painful, yet ever _18_.And if memory has its force and worth, so has _19_.Were going to miss Mark, but rather than be lost in the sadness of our parting, well focus on our hopes for a brighter futurefor him, and for us.And then well go out and do everything we can to make that future happe
46、n._20_ our plans changeagain.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过Mark的故事表达了作者的一种生活态度，即当生活中出现不可控因素影响我们生活时我们要随遇而安。这并不意味着我们不需要不断努力去实现梦想，而是在解决问题后，按原计划继续前行。1.A.toying B.combiningC.supplying D.refreshing答案B根据Hes been the heart and soul of the office for a couple of years可知这里意思是将专业技能与甜美的天性相结合。toying摆弄；combining结合；supply
47、ing供应；refreshing恢复精神，故选B。2.A.educational B.commercialC.medical D.professional答案D根据_1_ professional skills with a sweet nature.可知这里意思是，现在他正向着一个令人兴奋的新的职业机会出发。educational教育的；commercial商业的；medical医学的；professional职业的，故选D。3.A.pleased B.pitifulC.anxious D.numb答案A根据It sounds like it could be the chance of a
48、 lifetime，可知我们真诚地为他高兴。pleased高兴的；pitiful可怜的；anxious担忧的；numb麻木的，故选A。4.A.odder B.easierC.ruder D.fairer答案B句意：但这并没有让我们向一位亲爱的朋友和值得信赖的同事告别变得更容易。odder奇怪的；easier更容易的；ruder粗糙的；fairer更公平的，故选B。5.A.change B.challengeC.choice D.chance答案A句意：我们应对变化的能力决定了生活幸福程度。change改变；challenge挑战；choice选择；chance机会，故选A。6.A.varied
49、 B.evaluatedC.discussed D.spread答案A根据下文内容可知哲学家们的答复是多样化的。varied多样化；evaluated评估；discussed讨论；spread传播，故选A。7.A.explaining B.recommendingC.remembering D.anticipating答案C句意：人们可以通过记住“大千世界，万事万物皆有时”来获得安慰。explaining解释；recommending推荐；remembering记得；anticipating预期，故选C。8.A.tomorrow B.thenC.now D.past答案D句意：让今日用回忆拥抱
50、过去，用希望拥抱将来。tomorrow明天；then当时；now现在；past过去，故选D。9.A.competence B.confidenceC.blessings D.adaptability答案D句意：我的一个朋友提醒他的同伴：“生存取决于适应性。”competence能力；confidence信心；blessings祝福；adaptability适应性，故选D。10.A.attitude B.healthC.life D.security答案C句意：一位冲浪者用四个词总结了生活中的问题：“随波逐流”。attitude态度；health健康；life生活；security安全，故选C。
51、11.A.stories B.eventsC.questions D.memories答案B句意：我认为生活是由一系列的事件组成既有好的，也有坏的。stories故事；events事件；questions问题；memories记忆，故选B。12.A.right B.controlC.advantage D.priority答案B句意：不管你的组织能力有多优秀，总会有一些你无法控制的影响生活的因素。right权利；control控制；advantage优势；priority优先，故选B。13.A.forced B.preparedC.allowed D.encouraged答案B句意：真正的成功
52、者会做好准备在必要时做出调整。forced强迫；prepared准备；allowed允许；encouraged鼓励，故选B。14.A.come up B.put outC.pull up D.take out答案A句意：这意味着当不完全在你计划中的事情出现时，你要另作安排然后继续前进。come up出现；put out熄灭；pull up拔起；take out取出，故选A。15.A.stops B.crossingsC.bumps D.alternatives答案C句意：当然，人生道路上的一些坎坷比其他的更容易承受。stops站点；crossings交叉口；bumps磕磕碰碰；alternat
53、ives替代选择，故选C。16.A.prevent B.predictC.handle D.imagine答案C句意：例如，因下雨要取消野餐比亲人突然去世更容易处理。prevent预防；predict预报；handle处理；imagine想象，故选C。17.A.principle B.conclusionC.consequence D.problem答案A句意：但原则是一样的。principle原则；conclusion结论；consequence结果；problem问题，故选A。18.A.obvious B.needfulC.wonderful D.ambiguous答案B句意：的确，改变是
54、痛苦的，但总是必要的。obvious明显的；needful必要的；wonderful极好的；ambiguous模糊的，故选B。19.A.future B.partingC.attempt D.hope答案D句意：如果记忆有它的力量和价值，那么希望也有它的力量和价值。future未来；parting分开；attempt试图；hope希望，故选D。20.A.Until B.Before C.If D.After答案A句意：然后我们会走出去，尽我们所能让未来成为现实。直到我们的计划再次改变。until直到；before在之前；if如果；after在之后，故选A。.单项填空1.(2019南通市高三三月
55、联考)Taking exercise, along with listening to music is a good way to _ the effects of stress.A.counter B.acknowledgeC.abandon D.contradict答案Acounter对抗；acknowledge承认；abandon放弃；contradict反驳。句意：做运动和听音乐是对抗压力带来的负面影响的好办法。此处表示“对抗”，故A项正确。2.(2019南京市高三联考)The party will be held in the garden，weather_.A.permittin
56、g B.to permitC.permitted D.permit答案A句意：如果天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。weather permitting是独立主格形式，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，即if weather permits。所以选A。3.In selfies, many girls never miss a chance to make a duck face, an exaggerate pouting(噘嘴) expression _ the lips are pointed outwards.A.that B.where C.which D.as答案B句意：在自拍照片里，很
57、多女孩子从不会错过机会拍摄嘟嘴照，这是一种故作姿态的噘嘴的表情，在这个表情里嘴唇向外。本题定语从句的先行词是expression，后面定语从句的结构很完整，所以使用关系副词where引导定语从句并在句中做地点状语，相当于in which。故B项正确。4.(2019江苏省高三第二次百校联考)The emoticons _ when we want to stop a conversation, sparing us the embarrassment.A.come around B.come in handyC.come about D.come by答案Bcome around恢复知觉；com
58、e in handy迟早有用；come about形成，产生；come by得到，从旁走过。句意：当我们想要停止对话时，表情符号就派上用场了，这样我们就不用尴尬了。结合句意可知答案为B。5.In particular, we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens, _ is the Acropolis.A.the greatest symbol of whichB.of which greatest symbolC.whose the greatest symbolD.of whose grea
59、test symbol答案A本题定语从句的先行词是the capital city of Athens，关系代词which指代先行词，在定语从句中做介词of的宾语。句意：特别的是，我们把古希腊文明和雅典的首都联系起来，雅典最伟大的象征就是雅典卫城。B项缺少了the，C项多了the，D项多了of。故A项正确。6.(2019新沂调研考试)Anywhere Australians get together, the conversation quickly turns to sport.It can be an _ of how teams are placing in the various sp
60、orts leagues, or a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of different players and their teams.A.appointment B.assistanceC.assessment D.analysis答案Dappointment约会，任命；assistance帮助，协助；assessment评价，评估；analysis分析。句意：无论在什么地方，澳大利亚人聚在一起的时候，谈话很快就转向了体育，可能是各种体育联赛中各队会取得名次的分析，也可能是不同队员和他们球队优点和缺点的讨论。根据句意可知D项正确。
61、7.I _ able to catch the first flight home, but my watch betrayed me.A.were B.had beenC.would be D.would have been答案D句意：我原以为我能够赶上第一班回家的航班，但是我的手表不准了。事实上并未赶上第一班航班，故用虚拟语气，故选D项。8.To survive in the world, we have to act _ others, but to survive as ourselves, we have to act alone.A.in terms of B.in concert
62、 withC.on behalf of D.in contact with答案Bin terms of就而言；in concert with与合作，同心协力；on behalf of代表；in contact with接触，联系，交往。句意：为了在这个世界上幸存下来，我们不得不与其他人同心协力；但是如果要作为个人而生存的话，我们必须独自面对这个世界。根据句意可知B项正确。9.(2019句容二模)She said she is prepared to provide “strong, proven leadership to steer us through _ will be difficul
63、t and uncertain economic and political times.”A.which B.where C.what D.that答案C句意：她说她已经准备好用强有力的执政能力带领英国渡过这段经济艰苦和政治叵测的时期。句中what引导宾语从句并在句中作主语。B、D项不能在句中作主语，which是有范围限制的。故C项正确。10.(2019镇江一模)So difficult _ it to make such great progress without the help of his deskmate that he was close to giving up.A.he h
64、ave felt B.have he feltC.he did feel D.did he feel答案D固定句式so/such.that.如此以至于；当“so后面接形容词或副词，或者such后面接名词或名词短语”放在句首的时候，后面主句使用部分倒装。排除A、C项。句意：没有同桌的帮助他感觉取得这样大的进步是如此的困难，以至于他濒临放弃。根据句中was可知应该使用一般过去时。故D项正确。11.How did you keep in touch with the agent, Mary?I surfed the Internet and called _ whose telephone numb
65、er is provided.A.one B.thoseC.the one D.that答案A句意：你是如何和你的代理商取得联系的，玛丽？我上网然后打电话给一个提供电话号码的代理商。本句中使用one指代可数名词单数agent，相当于an agent。C、D项表示特指，those是复数形式，与句中的is矛盾。故A项正确。12.We have a few reports on English _ twice a year in the College Entrance Examination, which has aroused a growing concern among us.A.to be
66、 tested B.to testC.being tested D.testing答案C在英语中介词的后面要接名词或动名词作宾语，本句中介词on的后面要接动名词doing短语，名词English与test构成被动关系，所以使用动名词复合结构的被动式作on的宾语。句意：我们听说了一些关于在高考中英语一年两考的报道，这引起了我们越来越多的关注。故C项正确。13.(2019无锡市普通高中教学质量抽测)Its amazing that an Australian girl sailed around the world alone in about 200 days.Thats an inspirin
67、g story.Her courage is really _.A.acceptable B.adjustableC.admirable D.accessible答案Cacceptable可接受的；adjustable可调节的；admirable令人钦佩的；accessible可进入的。句意：一个澳大利亚女孩在大约200天的时间里独自驾船环游世界，这太不可思议了。这是一个鼓舞人心的故事。她的勇气确实令人钦佩。故选C。14.If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, _ means many more people in t
68、he world can enjoy it.A.as B.which C.what D.that答案D句意：如果一部优秀的中文小说被翻译成英语，这意味着世界上更多的人可以欣赏它。if引导的是条件状语从句，后面应该是主句，as和which引导非限制性定语从句，what引导名词性从句，这里用that作主句的主语，指上文的内容。故选D。15.Mum, weve searched at least 5 stores, but still cannot find one that suits my taste.Be patient, dear._.A.The best fish swim near th
69、e bottomB.Ones meat is another mans poisonC.A bad workman always blames his toolD.The lion is not so fierce as he is painted答案A句意：妈妈，我们已经逛了至少5家店了，但仍然没有找到适合我的品味的。耐心点，亲爱的，好鱼常在水底游。B项意为“萝卜青菜，各有所爱”，C项意为“拙匠总怪工具差”，D项意为“传闻常常言过其实”。B、C、D三项与语境不符。A项表示好的东西在后面，符合上下文语境。故选A项。.阅读理解AThe year 2018 marked the 100th ann
70、iversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history.It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world.Other estimates go much higher.Because of a lack of medical record-keeping, we may never know the exact number.The influenza was a fast
71、killer.Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms.Others died after a few days.“Their lungs filled with liquid and they choked to death.”The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks.It struck many young, healthy people.Viruses usually affect sick or old people.Although m
72、odern medicine effectively controls many diseases, influenza remains difficult to protect against. The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250，000 to 500，000 people around the world.Each year, medical scientists develop flu vaccines(疫苗) which offer immunity(免疫力) from
73、some influenza viruses.But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic.New forms of the flu virus appear regularly.One example was the “swine flu”or H1N1 outbreak in 2009.Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Inf
74、ectious diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.To stop the next pandemic, scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine.In October 2017, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the U.S.announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative.The
75、 university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world.The university added that researchers began tests in early 2018, and the Human Vaccines Project, a public-private pa
76、rtnership, is funding the project.However, until a universal influenza vaccine is available, todays seasonal flu vaccine remains important.【语篇解读】2018年是历史上最致命的流感大爆发的第100周年。1918年的流感大流行导致全世界超过5 000万人死亡。可见流感病毒比战争更致命。为了阻止下一次流感大流行， 科学家们正在研究如何制造一种通用流感疫苗。1.What do we know about the influenza in 1918?A.It sw
77、ept across the whole Europe.B.No one survived the first few days.C.It killed the largest number of people.D.It struck only young and healthy people.答案C细节理解题。根据第一段可知， 1918年的流感大流行导致全世界超过5 000万人死亡。故选C。2.Why is influenza difficult to protect against?A.It spreads too rapidly.B.It is quite easy to catch.C
78、.No vaccine is available.D.Its hard to judge the form of virus.答案D细节理解题。根据第三段中的Each year, medical scientists develop.the virus will spread.得知，每年医学科学家都在研制流感疫苗。但他们只能猜测病毒的哪种菌株会传播。流感仍然难以抵御是因为专家不能确定病毒的形式，故选D。3.What does the author want to tell by mentioning H1N1 in 2009?A.New forms of flu virus keeps app
79、earing.B.It was the most serious in recent years.C.It was caused by the same flu virus of 1918D.The H1N1 virus was deadly as well.答案A推理判断题。根据第四段中的Health officials remain concerned about.was the “swine flu” or H1N1 outbreak in 2009.得知，举例是为了说明新的流感病毒还在不断出现，故选A。4.What can we learn about the universal in
80、fluenza vaccine?A.The development is quite costly.B.It will be used all over the world.C.It can protect against all forms of flu.D.It has come into use in 2018答案C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The university said researchers are.all forms of the flu anywhere in the world.得知，研究人员正在领导国际社会努力研制一种通用流感疫苗， 以保护每个人抵御世界上任何地方任
81、何形式的流感病毒，故选C。B(2019南京金陵中学质量检测)I can proudly say that last year I broke the record for the oldest person in the world to ride a roller-coaster.Im 105, but I feel younger.Even the doctor agrees Im in good condition.Im a bit deaf and my legs feel weak, but they are the only issue.I rode the Twistosauru
82、s at Flamingo Land, which spins you round quite fast.I didnt choose to go on that.Id have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.But I was told I couldnt ride something like that, because my blood pressure could drop and I might have some danger.I wasnt nervousI dont get frightened of any
83、thing.I was securely fastened, so I knew I wouldnt fall out.The roller-coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldnt be a better experience.And I raised a lot of money for the Derbyshire, Leicestershire & Rutland Air Ambulance fund, which was fantastic.People were saying Id got a pl
84、ace in the Guinness World Records.Later, someone came to present me with the certificate.I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one that got a year earlier.My record-breaking ways really began a couple of years ago, with the ice-bucket challenge.It turned out that I was probably the ol
85、dest person in the world to do it, and the video was very popular.After that, I stared to think about what else I could do to raise money for different charities.Im not sure if anyone admires all the fun Im having.They just say Im daft and thats about it.But Ive had many good days and many exciting
86、times.Ive had a really good life.I dont think Ive wasted any of it.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者打破了世界上最年长的人坐过山车的纪录。他希望能够做更多的事情为慈善组织筹集更多的资金。5.Why didnt the author choose to go on riding the Twistosaurus?A.Because he was in a bad physical condition.B.Because he was told not to do so.C.Because he considered it
87、 too gentle.D.Because he thought it spun too fast.答案C推理判断题。由第二段“I didnt choose to go on that.Id have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.”可知，我没有选择乘坐那个。我更喜欢速度快的上下颠倒的那种过山车。所以判断出作者没有选择坐Twistosaurus的原因是他认为它太平缓了。故C选项正确。6.How did the author most probably react while riding the roller-coaster
88、?A.He really enjoyed himself.B.He was very worried at first.C.He couldnt think much about it.D.He got frightened as it started moving.答案A细节理解题。由第三段中的“The roller-coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldnt be a better experience.”可知，过山车连续运行了三四分钟，这是再好不过的体验了。所以作者坐过山车的时候最可能的反应是他很开心。故A
89、选项正确。7.What do you know about the author from Paragraph 4?A.He was the oldest person in the world.B.He set a record the year before last year.C.He disliked showing off his success.D.He was eager to get certificates.答案B推理判断题。由第四段“Later, someone came to present me.that got a year earlier.”可知，后来有人给我颁发了
90、证书。我把它和前年获得的证书一起挂在客厅的墙上。所以判断出作者前年创造了一项纪录。故B选项正确。8.What does the underlined word “daft” in the last paragraph probably mean?A.healthy B.strongC.crazy D.funny答案C词义猜测题。由最后一段“They just say Im daft and thats about it.But Ive had many good days and many exciting times.”可知，他们只是说我愚蠢，仅此而已。但我度过了许多美好的日子和令人兴奋的时
91、光。所以最后一段加下划线的“daft”一词可能是crazy“愚蠢的，荒唐的”意思。故C选项正确。.任务型阅读(2019无锡市高中质量抽测)Time for Americans to act on climate changeThe climate crisis is worsening at a rate that is becoming harder and harder to ignore.For more than two decades, scientific reports have made it clear that global warming is real, that hu
92、mans cause it and that the consequences will be disastrous.The scientific community has become increasingly panicked over the past year.The latest assessment from the U.N.Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change painted a far more terrible picture than its previous analyses, and the long-awaited Na
93、tional Climate Assessment made clear that climate change represents a severe threat to human health as well as our economic security.Out of this panic came the treaty(条约) reached this past weekend by world leaders to keep the Paris climate agreement alive.Yet many Americans still dont regard the thr
94、eat as a key priority for our government, and support President Trumps decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty.Campaign contributions from fossil fuel companies have convinced elected officials to look the other way.A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy(漠然).But there is an
95、other reason that has been discussed far less openly.While a growing number of people understand that climate change will have significant worldwide consequences, many Americans have an intuitive(直觉的) belief that their nation is more capable than others of adapting to a changed environment.Why? Beca
96、use they have before.This historical success, however, resulted from the federal government taking science seriously, and making investments to urge revolution and innovation.But these innovations did not happen by themselves, or simply because of the United States rich resources.They depended on co
97、nsistent support from the leaders about the need to take action when faced with crises.This has been especially true in the environmental crisis.President Bill Clinton had a shockingly modest record of advancing climate security, particularly given that his vice president, Al Gore, had been one of t
98、he most outspoken environmentalists in Congress.By far Clintons biggest accomplishment was assigning Gore to participate in the Kyoto Protocol negotiations.Clinton chose，however，to avoid what surely would have been a terrible fight in the Senate to gain approval of the treaty.While this effort proba
99、bly would have failed, it would have signaled to the American people how seriously the Democratic Party took climate change.Thus, the time has clearly arrived for progressive candidates to start campaigning on a platform built around the need for a sustainability revolution.Such a plan should includ
100、e a carbon tax, well-funded clean energy research, evolved agricultural policies and smarter public transport.Given that Generation X and millennials(千禧一代) never bought into the fiction that the United States is immune to the dangers of global warming, the time is ripe to make climate security a cru
101、cial government responsibility.Only by doing so can we begin the long-overdue(拖延好久的)campaign to save the planet.Time for Americans to act on climate changeIntroductionMore and more people have become (1)_ of the severity of climate crisis.It is human beings that are to (2)_ for the real global warmi
102、ng and should (3)_ for what they have done.Worldwide effortsGiven that human health as well as our economic security is (4)_ a severe threat caused by climate change, Paris Climate Treaty has been reached by world leaders.Current Americans responsesA negative attitudeUnable to grasp the seriousness
103、of the threat, many Americans are in (5)_ of President Trumps decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty.(6)_ for responsesElected officials turn a deaf ear to the threat on account of their (7)_ relationship with fossil fuel companies.A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy.Ma
104、ny Americans are wildly (8)_ about their ability to a changed environment.Earlier Americans responsesA(n)(9)_ attitudeWisely assigning his vice president to participate in the Kyoto Protocol negotiations, President Bill Clinton took climate change seriously.Inspiration form responsesThe Democratic P
105、arty used to take adequate notice of the potential crisis of the climate change.(10)_It is high time for Americans to begin the long-overdue campaign to save the planet.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是越来越多的人意识到气候危机的严重性。现在是美国人应对气候变化的时候了。只有这样，我们才能开始拖延已久的拯救地球的运动。1.aware/conscious根据第一段第一句可知，越来越多的人意识到气候危机的严重性。故答案为
106、aware/conscious。2.blame根据第一段中For more than two decades.will be disastrous.可知，真正的全球变暖是人类的责任，人类应该为他们所做的一切负责。be to blame“应该承担责任”，故答案为blame。3.answer根据第一段可知，人类应该为他们所做的一切负责。answer for“对负责”，故答案为answer。4.under根据第二段中the long-awaited National Climate Assessment made clear.as well as our economic security.可知，鉴
107、于气候变化对人类健康和经济安全构成严重威胁，世界各国领导人已达成巴黎气候条约。故答案为under。5.favo(u)r/support根据第三段中Yet many Americans still dont regard.to withdraw from the Paris treaty.可知，由于无法理解威胁的严重性，许多美国人支持特朗普总统退出巴黎条约的决定。in favo(u)r/support of“支持，赞成”，故答案为favo(u)r/support。6.Reasons根据右栏中的内容可知这里在讲“反应的原因”。故答案为Reasons。7.interest根据第三段中Campaign
108、 contributions from fossil fuel companies.has resulted in widespread apathy(漠然).(化石燃料公司的竞选捐款已经说服当选官员们睁一只眼闭一只眼。一定程度的绝望导致了广泛的冷漠。)可知，由于与化石燃料公司的利益关系，当选官员对这种威胁充耳不闻。故答案为interest。8.sure/certain/optimistic根据第四段中While a growing number of people.of adapting to a changed environment.可知，许多美国人对自己适应环境变化的能力极为乐观。故答案为sure/certain/optimistic。9.positive根据第七段中President Bill Clinton had.one of the most outspoken environmentalists in Congress.可知，这是一个积极乐观的态度。故答案为positive。10.Conclusion根据最后一段最后一句可知，这是得出的最后结论。故答案为Conclusion。