1、Part Nine 中考命题新趋势中考英语真题基础练 开放性试题第57练 2022山西请阅读下面的非连续性文本,根据语篇内容,回答问题。Footprints mean the influence that a persons or an organizations activities have on the environment.Simply understanding it is very useful to us.(Lets take the example of Mr.Browns footprints.)Water footprints Water is the source of
2、 life.We use water directly for drinking,cooking and washing,but we also use water indirectly for producing things such as food,paper and cloth.A water footprint tells us how much water is being used.It can help us come up with ways to save water.You can learn about how your daily habits influence y
3、our water use through the food you eat,the things you buy and even the energy you use.(Chart)(Chart)FoodWater Footprintsan apple70 litres(升)a cup of coffee140 litresa kilo of beef 15,500 litresone hamburger 2,400 litresMr.Browns Water Footprint breakfast:a hamburger,a cup of coffee lunch:a cup of co
4、ffee,a sandwich,an apple dinner:vegetable salad,0.2 kilo of beef Carbon(碳)footprints A carbon footprint is the total amount of CO2 a person or an organization produces.We can use it to understand the influence of personal behavior on global warming(全球变暖).Most people are surprised when they see how m
5、uch CO2their activities create.Then they begin to think about changing their daily habits to reduce(减少)their carbon footprints.For example,they can walk instead of using a car.(Chart)(Chart)Carbon Footprints(Each of the following activities adds 1 kilo of CO2.)travel 10 to 12 km by train or bus driv
6、e 6 km by car produce 5 plastic bags use your computer for 32 hours Mr.Browns Carbon Footprint drive to work 24 km drive to the supermarket 5 km use 5 plastic bags for shopping use his computer for about 8 hours How to reduce your water footprints and carbon footprints to be greener Tip 1:Save water
7、 and electricity When you are at home,dont leave the water or the light on when you dont need it.Tip 2:Meatless Monday is popular with people who want to eat less meat.The production of meat uses lots of energy and produces lots of CO2.Tip 3:Buy less The more we buy,the more we throw away later.Befo
8、re you buy something,think about whether you really need it.Everyone plays a role in making a greener Earth.If you know about your footprints well,you can think up more ways to protect the environment.1.What do we use water indirectly for?2.How many litres of water are used for Mr.Browns breakfast?3
9、.Why do we use the carbon footprint?4.What can Mr.Brown do to reduce his carbon footprint?Why do you think so?5.What is the best subtitle(小标题)of Tip 2?6.Whats your understanding of the footprint?How can you become greener?新考法开放性试题答案 【短文大意】本文解释了水足迹和碳足迹的概念,还就如何减少这些足迹给出了三条建议。1.We use it indirectly for
10、producing/Producing things(such as food,paper and cloth).2.2,540(litres of water are used for it).3.We use it to/To understand the influence of personal behavior on global warming./Because it helps us understand the influence of personal behavior on global warming./It helps us think about changing o
11、ur daily habits to stop global warming/reduce our carbon footprints./.4.He can take the bus to work/share a car with his workmates/take a reusable bag while shopping./.Because I think it/It helps produce less CO2/reduce greenhouse gases/create a lower/smaller carbon footprint./.5.Eat less meat/Eat m
12、eat less 6.It can help me think up ways to protect the environment./Its a useful tool for me to understand the influence that my daily habits have on the environment./.I can walk to school./By ordering less while eating out./I can recycle things asmuch as possible./.创新性试题第58练1.2022泰州Look at part of
13、one page from an English-Chinese dictionary.Which of the following words can be looked up on this page?nearby 868 neck being drowned 几乎淹死/The picture does not come the original.这幅复制的画走了样。-vt.接近;走近;驶近:The project is ing completion.这项工程快要完成了。/The ship was ing the wharf.船正驶近码头。-vi.接近;走近;NEbN abbr.north
14、east by north Nebr.abbr.Nebraska Nebraska/nbrsk/n.内布拉斯加州 美国 Nebraskan adj.内布拉斯加州的;内布拉斯加州人的 n.内布拉斯加州人 A.necessaryB.modest C.navy D.need 答案1.A 本题考查单词排序。根据图片内容可知,本页单词从nearby开始,到neck结束,结合常识可知,词典上的单词按照字母顺序排列,因此四个选项中只有necessary在此范围内,故选A。2.2022成都完成图表 根据短文内容,完成图表中所缺信息。Environmental protection is one of the
15、hottest topics nowadays.It was also something that ancient Chinese paid great attention to.In fact,the worlds earliest environmental protection idea,ministry(部)and law were all born in China.How did the ancient Chinese protect the environment?The worlds earliest idea of managing state affairs(政事)thr
16、ough environmental protection Xunzi,a famous thinker in the Warring States Period,came up with the idea of managing state affairs through environmental protection.He wrote in his book that vegetation(植被)should be protected well by humans.Guan Zhong,a government officer about 400 years ahead of Xunzi
17、,was also an environmental protection expert.He said a king who cannot protect his vegetation is not doing a good job.The worlds earliest environmental protection ministry Nine ministries set up by Shun,an ancient Chinese emperor,included Yu(虞),an environmental protection ministry.The first Yu leade
18、r was Boyi,an environmental protection expert.He invented wells so people could drink clean water.He knew a lot about animals and also called for animal protection.The worlds earliest environmental protection law Over 4,000 years ago,Dayu,an ancient Chinese water-control expert and also an emperor,m
19、ade a rule,not allowing people to cut down trees in March or catch fish in June,because it was the time when they grew quickly.Over 2,000 years ago,Tianl,the first environmental protection law,appeared in Qin.It recorded many ancient environmental protection rules.Two of them were interesting:firstl
20、y,rivers should not be blocked(堵塞);secondly,grass and trees should not be burned to be fertilizer(肥料)except for summer.The second one is inspiring even for today.It can help to keep air clean and fresh.答案2.【短文大意】本文讲的是诞生于中国的世界上最早的有关环保的理念、部门和法律。(1)Practice(2)considered(3)improved(4)right(5)smoothly 跨学
21、科综合试题第59练1.2022哈尔滨Here is a survey about how to be a good learner among 400 students.According to the form below,students have chosen Learning from mistakes as their key words.A.80 B.120 C.160 答案1.C 本题考查数字计算。前三个关键词共占比:20%+10%+30%=60%,因此选择将Learning from mistakes作为关键词的学生占比40%。总共有400名学生,故选择将Learning fr
22、om mistakes作为关键词的学生人数为:40040%=160,故选C。Key words Making plans Taking notes Asking questions Learning from mistakes Percentage(百分比)20%10%30%?新考法跨数学学科2.2022徐州Please read the poem below.Which word is the most suitable for?A.rainsB.storms C.snows D.showers A Spring Morning By Meng Haoran This spring morn
23、ing in bed Im lying,Not to awake till birds are crying.After one night of wind and ,How many are the fallen flowers?答案2.D 本题考查诗歌翻译。设空处所在句表示夜来风雨声,shower意为阵雨,用在此句很贴切,且根据诗歌末尾单词押韵的原则,lying和crying押韵,showers和flowers押韵。故选D。新考法跨语文学科3.2021宁波Have you ever entered a tropical rainforest(热带雨林)?Rainforests make u
24、p only a small part of the Earths land surface,about six percent,but there are more kinds of trees than any other area in the whole world.Tropical rainforests are in Africa,Asia,Central and South America,Australia,and on the Pacific islands.The largest tropical rainforest is the Amazon(亚马孙)Rainfores
25、t in South America,which covers more than 1.2 billion acres,or over five million square kilometres.The second largest rainforest is in Africa.Rainforests provide us with many things.In fact,the Amazon Rainforest is the lungs of our planet because it produces 20%of the worlds oxygen(氧气).One fifth of
26、the worlds fresh water is also found in the Amazon basin.Furthermore,more than one half of the worlds species of animals,plants and insects live in the Earths rainforests.80%of the food we eat first grew in the rainforest.25%of the drugs we take when we are sick are made of plants that grow in rainf
27、orests.Some of these drugs are even used to fight and cure cancer.There are four different levels of trees in a rainforest.The forest floor is the lowest layer full of animal life and receives the least amount of light.The understorey is the dark,cool environment under the leaves but over the ground
28、.The canopy layer is the upper parts of most of the trees.The emergent layer contains a small number of very tall trees.These different parts of a rainforest exist together to create an ecosystem for many animals,plants and human beings.(1)This passage is mainly about .A.kinds of forest B.where rain
29、forests are C.facts about rainforests D.how much oxygen rainforests make(2)The Amazon Rainforest provides us with percent of the worlds oxygen.A.twentyB.twenty-five C.fiftyD.eighty(3)Where can we probably find a tropical rainforest according to the passage?A.In France.B.In China.C.In Canada.D.In Bri
30、tain.(4)Which is the right picture to show four different levels of trees in a rainforest?新考法跨生物学科答案3.【短文大意】本文为说明文,主要介绍了有关热带雨林的一些信息。(1)C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了热带雨林的一些信息,包括热带雨林的分布、热带雨林的作用、热带雨林的分层结构等,故C项符合题意。(2)A 细节理解题。由第三段中的In fact,the Amazon Rainforest is the lungs of our planet because it produces 20
31、%of the worlds oxygen(氧气)可知A项符合题意。(3)B 推理判断题。由第二段中的Tropical rainforests are in Africa,Asia,Central and South America,Australia,and on the Pacific islands可知,在非洲、亚洲、中美洲、南美洲、澳大利亚大陆和太平洋岛屿都有热带雨林。法国和英国位于欧洲,加拿大位于北美洲,而中国位于亚洲,因此我们可能在中国见到热带雨林,故选B。(4)D 图文转换题。由倒数第二段内容可知,从低到高,热带雨林的四层分别为the forest floor,the under
32、storey,the canopy和the emergent layer,故D项符合题意。实用性文本第60练2022河北 Presentation(展示)skills are important at school and in other areas of life.Some people dont like giving presentations because they dont know what to say or because they get nervous about public speaking.Heres some advice to help you make pr
33、esentations easier and more enjoyable.Get organisedThe best presentations are well planned and clearly organized.Think about topics(话题)and choose a proper one.In one topic,three or four main ideas will be fine.The beginning of your presentation should be interesting.For example,you can tell a short,
34、funny story to make people laugh.Use photos or videosTry to use photos or videos.These things make your performance more exciting and help you remember what youre going to say.However,you shouldnt use too many.The star of your presentation should be you,not your photos or videos.Practice before your
35、 performanceYou need to practice many times before the big day.Practice saying any unusual words.Then write the main ideas on small cards to help you remember.Practice in front of a mirror and time your presentation.Finally,you can record your performance or ask a friend to watch you and then make s
36、uggestions for improvements.Connect with your audience(观众)Always look at the audience when you speak.Stand up straight,but dont stand still or move around much.Finally,be sure to thank your audience when you finish speaking.Its a simple but good way to end any presentation.1.How can you interest you
37、r listeners at the beginning?A.By listing your ideas.B.By telling a funny story.C.By standing up straight.D.By saying simple words.2.Which is the big day according to the text?A.The day you prepare videos.B.The day you get some advice.C.The day you visit your friends.D.The day you make a presentatio
38、n.3.What is the good way to end your presentation?A.To repeat topics.B.To show thanks.C.To make suggestions.D.To share main ideas.4.Which question could best help us find out the writers purpose?A.Did the writer try to teach us skills?B.Did the writer help us understand ideas?C.Did the writer invite
39、 us to attend a course?D.Did the writer ask us to be polite in public?答案 【短文大意】本文针对如何进行幻灯片演示提出了一些建议。1.B 细节理解题。根据Get organised下的The beginning of your presentation should be interesting.you can tell a short,funny story to make people laugh可知,答案为B。2.D 推理判断题。根据文中的Practice before your performance可推知,big day指的是进行幻灯片演示的那一天,故选D。3.B 细节理解题。根据Connect with your audience(观众)下的thank your audience when you finish speaking.Its a simple but good way to end any presentation可知,答案为B。4.A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些进行幻灯片演示的技巧,故A项最能帮助我们弄清作者的意图。