1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 4Global warming 主题: 人与自然子话题: 环境保护对应教材: 必修2Unit 4Wildlife protection; 选修6Unit 4Global warming; 选修7Unit 3Under the sea重点单词巧记. 核心单词1. advocatevt. 拥护; 提倡; 主张2. phenomenonn. 现象3. quantityn量; 数量4. mildadj. 温和的; 温柔的; 淡的5. rangen. 种类; 范围6. g
2、lancevi. 看一下; 扫视n. 一瞥7. averageadj. 平均的8. widespreadadj. 分布广的; 普遍的9. commitmentn. 承诺; 交托; 信奉10. casualadj. 随便的; 漫不经心的11. circumstancen. 环境; 情况12. refreshvt. 使恢复; 使振作13. presentationn. 显示; 演出. 拓展单词1. consume vt. 消费; 消耗; 耗尽; 吃完consumer n. 顾客; 消费者consumption n. 消费2. subscribe vi. 同意; 捐赠; 订阅vt. 签署(文件);
3、捐助subscription n. 同意; 捐赠; 订阅; 签署3. tend vi. 趋向; 易于; 照顾vt. 照顾; 护理tendency n. 倾向; 趋势4. oppose vt. 反对; 反抗; 与(某人)较量opposed adj. 反对的; 对立的5. consequence n. 结果; 后果; 影响consequent adj. 随之发生的consequently adv. 因此; 所以6. state vt. 陈述; 说明statement n. 说法; 表白7. economical adj. 节约的; 经济的economic adj. 经济的economy n. 经济
4、; 节约8. existence n. 生存; 存在exist vi. 存在existing adj. 目前的; 现在的9. pollution n. 污染; 弄脏pollute vt. 污染polluted adj. 被污染的10. growth n. 增长; 生长grow v. 种植; 生长; 发展11. educator n. 教育工作者; 教育家educate v. 教育; 培养education n. 教育; 培养12. contribution n. 贡献; 捐助contribute v. 贡献; 撰稿; 捐助; 捐赠13. disagreement n. 分歧; 不一致disag
5、ree v. 不同意agree v. 同意; 赞成agreement n. 同意; 一致核心短语闪记1. be/live in harmony with与和谐共处2. bring . . . under control把控制住3. be/become aware of意识到4. raise the awareness of提高意识5. come about发生; 造成6. subscribe to同意; 赞成; 订阅7. quantities of大量的8. be opposed to反对9. on the whole大体上; 基本上10. on behalf of代表一方; 作为的代言人11
6、. put up with忍受; 容忍12. make a difference有影响经典句式速记1. 【句型公式】: There is no doubt that. . . “毫无疑问”There is no doubt that(毫无疑问) the earth is becoming warmer. 2. 【句型公式】: It is +强调部分+that/who. . . 强调句They also agree that it is the burning of fossil fuels that(是燃烧化石燃料) has resulted in this increase in carbo
7、n dioxide. 3. 【句型公式】: “without. . . , 主语+would do/have done”虚拟语气 “如果没有, 就”Without the “greenhouse effect”(没有“温室效应”), the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. 1. 引起; 造成; 导致”短语合集result in导致lead to导致; 造成contribute to促成; 有助于 give rise to引起; 引发; 使发生bring about引起; 导致2. “be+
8、v. -ed+to”短语荟萃be opposed to反对be attached to附属于be accustomed to习惯于be addicted to沉溺于be devoted to致力于be sentenced to被判处be committed to致力于. 细品味经典文章“Global warming could make humans shorter, ” warn researchers who claim to have found evidence that it caused the worlds first horses to shrink nearly 50 mil
9、lion years ago. In fact, a team from the universities of Florida and Nebraska says it has found a link between the heating up of the Earth and the size of mammalshorses, in this case. Researchers used fossils to follow the evolution of horses from their earliest appearance 56 million years ago. “As
10、temperatures went up their size went down, and vice versa(反之亦然); at one point they were as small as a house cat, ”said Dr. Jonathan Bloch, curator(负责人) of the Florida Museum of Natural History. The researchers say that the current warming could have the same effect on mammalsand could even make huma
11、ns smaller. Horses started out small, about the size of a small dog like a miniature schnauzer(小型雪纳瑞犬). Whats surprising is that after they first appeared, they then became even smaller and then dramatically increased in size, and that exactly corresponds to the global warming event, followed by coo
12、ling. “It had been known that mammals were small during that time and that it was warm, but we hadnt understood that temperature specifically was driving the evolution of body size, ” Dr. Bloch said in the Science Journal. . 按要求完成任务1. 写出文章中与“环境”相关的单词和短语。Global warming, heat up, temperature, evolutio
13、n, mammal2. 写出下列单词的词义。claim v. 宣称, 声称shrink v. 收缩, 皱缩evolution n. 演变, 进化, 发展current adj. 当前的, 现在的dramatically adv. 突然地, 巨大地, 戏剧性地correspond v. 相一致, 符合. 重点词汇1. quantity n. 数量; 量【教材原句】The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. (P26)当我们在大气层中排放了大量二氧化碳时, 问
14、题产生了。【词块必记】(1)in quantity(=in large quantities)大量地(2)(形似词)qualityn. 质量【语境速测】 单句语法填空A large quantity of water is stored(store) in the reservoir. A large quantity of air conditioners have been sold(sell) since the summer came. He wants to buy the books in large quantities, so the storekeeper will not
15、charge him much. 2. oppose vt. 反对; 反抗; 与(某人)较量【典型例句】The man in the street is opposed to this idea. 一般人会反对这种想法。【词块必记】(1)oppose(sb /sbs )doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事(2)opposed adj. 反对的; 对立的be opposed to (ones) doing sth. 反对某人做某事【知识拓展】(1)反对: be opposed to (doing) sth. /oppose (doing) sth. ; object to (doing) s
16、th. ; be against (doing) sth. (2)同意: subscribe to (doing) sth. ; be for sth. /be in favour of【语境速测】 单句语法填空Many old men are opposed to cutting(cut) down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding a shopping center. The government called on the public to oppose wasting(waste) resources. 句型转换Do you oppose my
17、 speaking to him about it? Are you opposed to my speaking to him about it? (使用opposed形容词)【写作金句】 People are strongly opposed to violence and bullying on campus in any shape or form. 人们强烈反对任何形式的校园暴力和欺凌。3. average adj. 平均的; 普通的; 正(平)常的n. 平均数; 平均水平; 一般水准v. 平均为; 计算出的平均数【典型例句】 On average, each individual
18、reads 5. 3 books annually, which is apparently inadequate. 平均每人每年读5. 3本书, 显然是不够的。【词块必记】(1)an average of平均有(2)on average平均起来above/below average在平均水平以上/以下(3)average out算出平均数【巧学助记】There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, an average of 18 students in each class. Toms was above average whil
19、e Johns was below average. 有90名学生在考试中获得满分, 平均每班18名学生。 汤姆的高于平均水平, 约翰的低于平均水平。【语境速测】 写出下列句中average的词性及含义The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen. adj. 平均的Its said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. n. 平均数There was nothing special about the film it wa
20、s only average. adj. 普通的The hotel averages 50 to 100 foreign guests daily. vt. 平均为【写作金句】All students have 2 PE classes a week and run for an average of 20 minutes every day. 所有学生每周有2节体育课, 平均每天跑步20分钟。4. tend vi. 趋向; 易于; 照顾vt. 照顾; 护理【教材原句】It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmos
21、phere causing the global temperature to go up. (P26)这意味着更多热能趋向于被困在大气层内, 造成全球气温上升。【词块必记】(1)tend to do sth. 常常会做某事; 倾向于做某事tend(to) sb. /sth. (=look after sb. /sth. )照顾; 护理(2)tendencyn. 倾向; 偏好have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事【语境速测】 单句语法填空The sort of music I listen to varies, but I tend to/towards our f
22、olk music. People have a tendency(tend) to place too much emphasis on what experts say. =People tend to place(place) too much emphasis on what experts say. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask(ask) their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years. 【写作金句】While he is
23、 busy working, he tends to burst with anger, that is, he has a tendency to lose his temper. 当他忙于工作时, 他容易发脾气, 也就是说, 他有发脾气的倾向。. 核心短语5. put up with忍受; 容忍【教材原句】We do not have to put up with pollution. (P30)我们不必忍受污染。【词块必记】【知识拓展】 表“容忍”的词还有stand, tolerate, bear等。【语境速测】 单句语法填空Putting aside his disappointmen
24、t, he smiled and praised the winner. The sports meeting which is to take place this Friday has to be put off because of the heavy rain these days. Dont just try to put up with your toothache. Go and see the dentist. 【写作金句】Putting up with the acute pain in his stomach, he managed to make his way to t
25、he destination. 忍受着胃痛, 他设法到达了目的地。. 经典句式6. It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not, turn it off! 如果你在使用电器, 你可以开着它, 如果没有, 就把它关掉! 【典型例句】You can write anything relevant so long as its interesting. 只要有趣, 你可以写与其有关的任何事情。【句型公式】so/as long as“只要”, 引导条件状语从句。(1)引导条件状语从句的短语
26、还有: in case如果; 万一on condition that只要provided that如果; 条件是(2)as well as也; 和(3)as good as和一样好(4)as far as就而言; 远至【误区释疑】as long as 和so long as表示“只要”时没有区别, 可以相互替换; as long as表示“与一样长”时, 多用于肯定句; 否定句多用so long as。【语境速测】 句型转换As long as you keep studying hard, you can improve your maths. On condition that you k
27、eep studying hard, you can improve your maths. 选词填空(as far as, as well as, as good as)We as well as Tom went to Hainan to spend our holiday. As far as Im concerned, I am strongly against the plan. A distant relative is not as good as a near neighbour. 【写作金句】“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart”
28、, as long as you have a dream, keep trying and youll make it, too. 有志者, 事竟成。只要你有梦想, 不断努力, 你也会成功的。【备选要点】1. consequence n. 结果; 后果; 影响【教材原句】They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences. (P27)他们预言说 , 变暖的情况不会很严重, 对环境的影响也不会太坏。【词块必记】(1)as a consequence= as a result=in
29、consequence因此in consequence of/as a consequence of=as a result of由于(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的; 作为结果的consequently adv. 所以; 因而【语境速测】 单句语法填空The city was in ruins in consequence of a severe earthquake. She was a bright and eager student and, consequently(consequence), did well in school. 英译汉With books, as
30、 with companions, it is of more consequence to know which to avoid, than which to choose. 读书如交友, 懂得避开哪些比懂得选择哪些更重要。【文化金句】A man must take the consequence of his own deeds. 好汉做事好汉当。2. subscribe vi. 同意; 捐赠; 订阅vt. 签署(文件); 捐助【教材原句】All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temper
31、ature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. (P26)所有的科学家赞同这种观点: 人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料, 从而引起了地球温度的升高。【词块必记】subscribe to sth. 同意; 赞成; 订阅subscribe. . . to. . . 把捐赠给; 把签署在上【语境速测】 写出下列句中subscribe 的含义At the meeting, all the members subscribed to the plan to build
32、 a power plant in their hometown. 同意In order to improve his daughters English, he subscribed to English Weekly. 订阅He subscribes regularly to the Hope Project. 捐助I was unwilling to subscribe to the contract, but it seemed that I had no choice. 签署(文件)3. glance vi. 看一下; 扫视n. 一瞥【教材原句】Glance quickly at t
33、he magazine article and answer the questions. (P27)快速扫视一下杂志文章并回答问题。【词块必记】(1)glance at向一瞥(强调动作)glance through/over浏览(2)at first glance/sight乍看之下; 乍一看at a(single) glance(只)看一眼; 立刻take/have a glance (at)(对)匆匆看一下【语境速测】 单句语法填空He glanced through/over the newspaper. At first glance the problem seemed easy.
34、 He glanced at the envelope and recognized his uncles handwriting. = He had/took a glance at the envelope and recognized his uncles handwriting. I recognized Mary at a single glance, even though we hadnt seen each other for 30 years. 4. state vt. 陈述; 说明n. 状态【教材原句】In fact, Hambley states, “More carbo
35、n dioxide is actually a positive thing. ”(P27)汉布利实际上是这样说的: “二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事”。【词块必记】(1)state +n. /从句声明; 说明It is stated that. . . 据宣布/据称/据说(2)statementn. 陈述; 说明make a statement作陈述; 发表声明(3)in a. . . state/in a state of. . . 处于的状态【语境速测】 单句语法填空It is stated(state) that we use only 10 percent of our brain
36、. Afterwards he made his first public statement(state) about the affair. Im sorry to hear that he is in a poor state of health. 【写作金句】They do not state that she is a good teacher, but their statement is very important in fact. 他们并没有说她是一位好老师, 但他们的陈述实际上非常重要。5. range n. 种类; 范围; 山脉; 射程 v. 排列; 涉及; 在一定的范围
37、内变动/变化【教材原句】It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animalsall of which will make life for human beings better. (P27)它使植物成长更快, 庄稼产量更高, 还会促进动物的生长所有这些都能改善人类的生活。【词块必记】(1)a wide range of一系列within/in the range of在范围内beyond ones range某人能力达不到的(2)range
38、 from . . . to . . . 在范围内变动【语境速测】 句式升级The national park has a large collection of wildlife. They range from butterflies to elephants. =The national park has a large collection of wildlife, which range from butterflies to elephants. (用定语从句改写)=The national park has a large collection of wildlife, rang
39、ing from butterflies to elephants. (用非谓语动词改写)【写作金句】To celebrate our schools 60th anniversary, a wide range of activities are scheduled to be held next week, ranging from performing Peking Opera to singing hit songs. 为了庆祝我们学校成立60周年, 下周将举行各种各样的活动, 从表演京剧到唱热门歌曲。6. come about 发生【教材原句】So how has this come
40、 about and does it matter? (P26)这是怎么发生的? 会产生什么影响呢? 【词块必记】【误区释疑】come about是不及物动词短语, 不可用于被动语态, 一般用物作主语。【语境速测】 单句语法填空How did the accident come about since he drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour? The man came up to me and asked me to help him. I came across the children sleeping under the bridge. H
41、ow did it come about that he knew where we were? The plan on how to conduct this research come up with by an expert was turned down eventually. 【写作金句】When we read newspapers, we often come across such English words as “AIDS” and “PK”. 当我们读报纸时, 我们经常会遇到像“AIDS”和“PK”这样的英语单词。. 单句语法填空1. (2020全国卷)Which of
42、the following will result in disqualification? 2. (2018浙江高考)People tend to take(take) pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. 3. (2020全国卷)In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge
43、. 4. (2020全国卷)What is the authors statement(state)about multigenerational family based on? 5. (2020天津高考)Vinnie glanced around/about and noted the size of his office. . 完成句子1. There is no doubt that cellphones can bring us much convenience. 毫无疑问, 手机能给我们带来许多便利。(doubt)2. Tom still refused to join in th
44、e game, even if we all did our best to persuade him. 尽管我们都尽最大的努力去说服汤姆, 但是他依然拒绝参加这场比赛。(even if)3. So long as we dont lose heart and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our aims. 只要我们不失去信心, 继续努力, 我们一定能克服困难, 实现目标。(so long as)4. Here are a few suggestions on how to protect
45、our environment. 这里有几条关于如何保护我们的环境的建议。(疑问词+不定式)5. Youre waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists. 你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接游客的。(强调句). 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)According to the statistics, 1. on average, a person produces about 2 kilograms of garbage per day. A large quantity of
46、garbage piles up around, 2. resulting(result) in the environmental pollution. The garbage pollution, which we cannot put up 3. with, brings a lot of trouble to our life. In addition, a 4. variety (various) of polluted materials are damaging our environment. As 5. a consequence, our health is under t
47、hreat. So, lets work together 6. to oppose (oppose) any form of destruction of the environment. As you can see, our government 7. has taken (take) a range of measures to protect and improve our living 8. surroundings(surround). As individuals, whatever comes about, we must protect our environment. As long as it is possible, 9. living(live) a low-carbon life is what we must do every day. Under no 10. circumstances (circumstance) shall we give up our belief that we can make this world a better place to live in. 关闭Word文档返回原板块
