1、河南罗山县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮精编题含参考答案阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In m
2、ost Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents
3、(答问卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in the first grade and beyond, Japane
4、se preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. Like in America, there is diversity (多样性)in
5、Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young
6、children attend a university-based program, it will increase the childrens chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated (一流的)schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化)in some Japanese kindergartens. 1.
7、 We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe_.A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents B. Japans economic success is a result of its scientific achievements C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction D. Japans higher ed
8、ucation is superior to theirs 2. In Japans preschool education, the focus is on_.A. preparing children academicallyB. developing childrens artistic interests C. developing childrens potentialD. shaping childrens character 3. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kinder
9、gartens? A. They can do better in their future studies. B. They can make more group experience grow there. C. They can be self-centered when they grow up. D. They can have better chances of getting a top-rated education. 4. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to_.A.
10、 broaden childrens knowledge B. train childrens creativityC. lighten childrens study load D. enrich childrens experience【参考答案】14、CDDC 阅读理解。You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, Ph
11、D, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”. “The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd (奇怪的),” Gray told the BBC. “They elevators are socially ver
12、y interesting but often very awkward places.” We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed. He explained that when yo
13、u are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want its your own little box. If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance. When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is
14、a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle. New entrants to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple look down, or
15、 look at your phone. Why are we so awkward in lifts? “You dont have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arms length of distance between us. And thats not possible in mo
16、st elevators.” In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed (理解) as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.【文章大意】本文告诉我们一些不成文的电梯礼仪。 36.The main purpose of the article is to _. A. remind us to enjoy ourse
17、lves in the elevator B. tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquette C. share an interesting but awkward elevator ride D. analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator【答案】B【 解析】写作意图题。根据短文的内容可知这里叙述了电梯里的一些不成文的规定，故选B。37. According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _. A.
18、 turn around and greet one another B. look around or examine their phone C. make eye contact with those in the elevator D. try to keep a distance from other people【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据“from each other to create distance”可知，人们进电梯后要跟别人保持距离。故选D。38. Which of the following describes how people usually stand
19、 when there are at least two people in an elevator? 【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。根据A两个人应站在对角线。B三个人要站成三角形。D五个人要站在四个角和中间。只有C四个人站在四个角是正确的。故选C。39. The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _. A. judge B. ignore C. put up with D. make the best of【答案】A【 解析】词义猜测题。size up出现在“when the doors
20、slide open”电梯门开时，“act decisively果断行动”之前，所以应该是判断门内情况的意思，只有judge审度最接近。B“ignore”无视；C“put up with”容忍；D “make the best of” 充分利用。故选A。40. According to the article, people feel awkward in lifts because of _. A. someones odd behaviors B. the lack of space C. their unfamiliarity with one another D. their eye
21、contact with one another【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“You dont have enough space”可知只有电梯里缺少空间的时候感到尴尬，故选B。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInternet dating has become one of the biggest and most successful business ventures on the InternetBasically, Internet dating is a way to meet people for eithe
22、r friendship or dating without actually having to meet them in person firstThe first thing to do it you decide to try Internet dating is to build your profile （简介） which can include your hobbies, hopes for the future, and so onA photograph is optional, but many sites claim that a photograph increase
23、s the number of people who look at your profileMany Internet dating sites will charge a one-lime registration fee to use their services.Internet dating makes it possible to meet people from all over the worldYou can even narrow the search down to your area by zip codeAnother advantage is that you ca
24、n communicate by e-mail before you meet in personThousands of people have met, fallen in love, and married through Internet datingIt is an excellent way for shy people to meetIt is also a way for people with busy lives to connect with others, and an easy way to meet people who share your interestsJu
25、st as in traditional dating and love, there are some pitfalls to be aware of in Internet datingThe person you have been talking to on the Net may not be who they say they are, Be very aware that there are some people who misrepresent their appearance or private details, such as marital status, incom
26、e, and so on, for their own reasonsIt would not be the first time that someone has been taken in, and talk shows are full of cheating partners who have been caught dating over the Internet in their spare timeNevertheless, taking a few simple precautions should help ensure that your Internet dating e
27、xperience is fun1The purpose of writing the passage is to _Apersuade readers to go dating on the InternetBinform us how to date on the InternetCwarn readers against web loveDintroduce Internet dating to us2Which of the following is a must to make an Internet dating possible?AA photo BA profile CMone
28、y DBusiness experience3One advantage of Internet dating is that _Ayou can avoid a face-to-face meeting in the beginningByoure sure to find a partner with the same interestsCyoull find absolutely dependable information of othersDyoull gain fame and money overnight4What is probably talked about follow
29、ing the last paragraph?ATraditional datingBHidden advantagesCSafety measures DRomantic love5The underlined word pitfalls in Paragraph 4 most probably means _Arules Btrends Cproblems Dskills【参考答案】15、DBACC 阅读理解。Shes not afraid of anything. Snakes? No problem. Walking alone in the dark? Easy. Were not
30、talking about a superhero here - SM is a 44-year-old mother. And shes fearless because she happens to be missing part of her brain: the amygdala(扁桃腺). Shaped like a pair of almonds sitting in the middle of your brain, the amygdala helps control fear and anxiety. A rare condition called Urbach-Wiethe
31、 disease left SM without her amygdala, and seems to have completely erased her sense of fear. To try to understand how the amygdala works, a team of researchers made their efforts to scare SM. They showed her horror movies and took her to the Waverly Hills Sanatorium Haunted House in Kentucky. She p
32、ushed out one of the monsters(巨物) and laughed. SM said she didnt like snakes, but at a pet store full of poisonous creatures, she kept asking to touch them. When asked to rate her feelings, SM reported feeling surprised or disgusted, but never fearful. “She tends to approach everything she should be
33、 avoiding,” says Justin Feinstein of the University of Iowa. This means the amygdala could control deeper urges to approach or avoid danger. Other scientists have a different opinion, though. “I dont believe you can make a general statement about what the amygdala does by a single case study,” Eliza
34、beth Phelps said. In 2002, Phelps published a study on a similar patient with amygdala damage who still showed fear.It may sound like fun to be totally fearless, but we get scared for a good reason. “The nature of fear is survival and the amygdala helps us stay alive by avoiding situations, people,
35、or objects that put our life in danger,” Feinstein said. SM was once followed in a park after dark by a man with a knife, and she simply walked away. “It is quite remarkable that she is still alive,” said Feinstein. 【文章大意】本文叙述了研究人员通过在失去扁桃腺人的身上实验扁桃腺的作用，结果发现它能控制人的恐惧，但是也有的科研人员对此产生了怀疑。 41. SM dares to w
36、alk alone in the dark mainly because _. A. she is a superhero B. she has experienced such conditions a lot C. she is a mental patient D. she has no sense of fear 【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据shes fearless because she happens to be missing part of her brain她失去了扁桃腺没有了害怕的感觉，故选D。42. Researchers tried their best to
37、 frighten SM in order to find _. A. The function of a particular organ B. SMs reaction of fear and anxiety C. The process of removing amygdala D. A special way to get along with monsters 【答案】A【 解析】细节理解题。根据To try to understand how the amygdala works,研究人员为了找到扁桃腺是如何工作的，故选A。43. What do we know from the
38、research on SM? A. It was easy for her to avoid danger. B. SM never felt fearful but disgusted. C. SM was frightened by nothing except monsters. D. SM got along well with the snakes.【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据SM reported feeling surprised or disgusted, but never fearful.她没有感觉到害怕和厌恶，故选B。44. What is Elizabeth
39、Phelps attitude toward the function of the amygdala based on the research on SM? A. Indifferent B. Supportive C. Disapproving D. Interested 【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。根据“I dont believe you can make a general statement about what the amygdala does by a single case study, 可知Elizabeth Phelps不相信这种实验，故选C。45. What c
40、an we infer from the last paragraph? A. People can remove their amygdala to be fearless. B. SM will be admired because of her bravery. C. No one can survive if their amygdala is removed. D. The sense of fear is crucial to humans.【答案】D【 解析】推理判断题。根据“It is quite remarkable that she is still alive可知恐惧的感觉对人类来说是重要的，故选D。