1、高坪中学高2020级零诊适应性考试英语总分: 150分1. 听力部分(30分)无音频听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。(1)What does the man think of Beijing Opera?A.It is great.B.It is boring.C.It is terrible. (2)What does the man mean?A.He likes reading books.B.He is always organi
2、zed.C.He manages his time better.(3)What is the tax rate?A.2%.B.4%.C.10%. (4)When did the woman arrive?A.8: 00.B.8: 30.C.8: 45. (5)What is the man probably going to buy?A.A scarf.B.A hat.C.A coat. 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答
3、时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。(6)Why does the man say sorry to the woman?A.He cant remember her.B.He cant help her.C.He cant chat with her.(7)What does the man assume the woman wants to be?A.A secretary.B.A teacher.C.A teaching assistant. 听下面一段对话，回答8、9题。(8)Where does the man get the news?A.From a ma
4、gazine.B.From the Internet.C.From a newspaper. (9)What is the news mainly about?A.Many museums are closed now.B.People have to stay at home.C.An exhibit of paintings is shut down.听下面一段对话，回答10、11、12题。(10)What did the man do last weekend?A.He went ice-skating.B.He played hockey.C.He went to the movies
5、. (11)What do the speakers decide to do this weekend?A.Visit the girls father.B.Watch a hockey game.C.Join a professional hockey team.(12)Whats the relationship between the speakers?A.Friends.B.Coach and player.C.Brother and sister. 听下面一段对话，回答13、14、15、16题。(13)How long did the woman work in Japan?A.6
6、 years.B.4 years.C.2 years. (14)Which of the following does the woman like best?A.Cherry blossoms.B.Fireworks.C.The snow season. (15)Why does the man decide not to visit Japan in spring?A.Its too expensive.B.Hes too busy.C.Its too crowded. (16)When will the man visit Japan?A.In summer.B.In fall.C.In
7、 winter. 听下面一段独白，回答17、18、19、20题。(17)Where did Aretha Franklin grow up?A.In Memphis.B.In Detroit.C.In Atlantic City. (18)When did Aretha Franklin sign with Columbia Records?A.In 1980.B.In 1967.C.In 1960. (19)Which was Aretha Franklins most popular music in the 1960s?A.“Respect”.B.“Freeway of Love”.C.
8、“Chain of Fools”. (20)What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.Aretha Franklins life story.B.Aretha Franklins musical style.C.Aretha Franklins famous songs.2阅读理解(40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAbout usF is a non-profit site for visitors from all over the world to share and read
9、 fables and fairy tales.Our main objective is to promote the importance of such stories in developing culture, imagination and creativity. We believe that reading the fables and fairy tales from different cultures allows us to build a greater understanding and appreciation of the diversity around th
10、e world.We organise storytelling sessions around the world. Watch out for our monthly “Fable and Fairy Tale” writing competition for different age groups. We also run the permanent “Fable and Fairy Tales” museum in Hanau, Germany, at the home of the Brothers Grimm. Contact us at museum to arrange yo
11、ur visit!The museum is open to all individuals and school groups with a booking. A multilingual guide is available on request. No charges for guides and admissions but donations are much appreciated.1What is the main goal of ?AIt provides visitors with teaching resources.BIt promotes the reading of
12、fables and fairy tales.CIt holds various writing competitions around the world.DIt conducts tours and lessons at the Fables and Fairy Tales Museum.2How does the “Fables and Fairy Tales” museum support itself?AIt charges for admissions and guides.BIt makes profits from advertisements.CIt receives mon
13、ey from the Brothers Grimm.DIt relies on the donations from its visitors.3What can we learn about the storytellers?AThey get paid from the website.BThey are experienced in storytelling.CThey will receive professional training.DThey are chosen by their uploaded works.BFor years going home for the hol
14、idays has been bittersweet. I appreciate the opportunity to spend quality time with my mom but it is painful for me to see her house littered with stuff (物品). Clothes bought but never worn, and new items in their original packaging carelessly purchased and never used. Its evident that seeing the stu
15、ff on a daily basis reminds my mom of a time when shopping was her way of spending money.I didnt fully understand the extent to which my mom was suffering until this week, when I saw piles of clothes on her bed, “How do you manage to sleep every night with all that stuff, Mom?” I asked. To my horror
16、, she replied to it because I know I have to get rid of all this stuff eventually; I am punishing myself by sleeping with them until I do that.”Shocked and upset, I gently explained to her that punishing herself was only to make things worse, and that everybody deserves a place to sleep in peace, no
17、 matter what mistakes theyve made. I suggested she move all the stuff upstairs, leaving her room comfortable to sleep in.With patience and her slow but steady guidance, I helped her go through some of the piles and move them upstairs. For the rest of the week I stayed there, she was in a better mood
18、 and was excited about going-through the rest of the house to finally get rid of her stuffpast mistakes and painful times. The items brought back painful memories as we inspected and moved them, but I kept reminding her that removing them would allow her to move on and heal. We finally sold so many
19、things and took bag after bag to charity.The stuff is just a sign of the destructive patterns of self-hatred on past mistakes. Only through the act of self-forgiveness can we bring about a chain reaction of reorganizing both of the house and heart.4What made the author feel bitter?AShe couldnt under
20、stand her moms sorrows.BHer mom was stuck in the painful memories.CHer mom was always left alone at home.DHer mom wasted money on useless things,5The underlined word “that” in the second paragraph refers to _.Agetting rid of the stuff.Bbuying the stuffCopening the stuffDmoving the stuff6We can infer
21、 from the passage that _.Athe author never bought her mom anythingBthe authors mom has no money to purchase nowCthe author s mom regrets buying so many thingsDthe author knows her moms suffering only this week7Whats the best title of the passage?AHow to do shopping wiselyBThe importance of self-forg
22、iveness.CKeep an eye on the elderlys behaviorDClearance helps remove sufferingCScientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains unsettled. Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts an
23、d events based on specific details.The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they wore headsets and walked in place, walking virtual neighborhoods while completing small tasks.
24、 The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that did not require recalling details. After 15 sessions (期), the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test. But the Labyrinth players gain an improvement in memory through the VR game. A scien
25、tist Peter Wais of the University of California said the improvements brought them up to the level of another group of younger adults taking the same memory tests.Meredith Thompson, an education researcher, studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. It would be great to
26、 actually follow people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory. She says, adding VR can provide greater involvement than other games. Waiss team is now investigating how long the observed effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.A cognitive (认知
27、)psychologist, Daniel Simons, who was also not involved in the study, notes experiments with other games that claim to train the brain have often failed to evaluate this. And it remains unclear how test performance in a laboratory setting might translate to real-world situations. The outcome, Simons
28、 notes, “needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before its treated as a strong finding.”For now, Wais says, the team hopes its studies with similar-sized groups will help draw funding to test the game in a larger pool of participants.8What is the passage mainly about?APeoples memory
29、 gradually fails as they age.BPeople of different ages should play VR games.CVirtual reality changes peoples memory.DVirtual reality improves older adults memory.9What is Meredith Thompsons attitude toward the research?Asatisfied.Benthusiastic.Ccautious.Dconcerned.10According to the scientists, the
30、research needs to be improved due to _.Athe lack of financial support.Bthe limited pool of participants.Cthe unsatisfying test performance.Dthe impractical application in real world.11Where may the passage come from?AA novel.BA review.CA magazine.DA guidebook.DIt was just after 5 pm. I was holding a
31、 cup of tea at Sainsburys, the second largest chain of supermarkets in the U. K. We were around a dozen customers in the supermarkets cafe, and most of us were on our own. Despite placing the special sign “Reserved for customers in the mood for a chat” in an obvious position, I got no takers.Governm
32、ent announcers tell us that Britons of all ages are suffering loneliness. About 200, 000 senior citizens have not spoken to a friend or relative for over a month. Family doctors suspect that some of their patients are making appointments because they are lonely. The receptionists also agree that the
33、 front desk is a magnet for the isolated to come and experience a bit of human contact. And the young, even with their busy lives on social media, are also affected. New research from Sainsburys Living Well Index reveals that almost two thirds of the people aged between 18 and 24 have admitted to so
34、metimes feeling lonely.To ease the problem of loneliness, Sainsburys has launched “Talking Tables,” which are reserved spaces where people can have a chat. They appear in a variety of formats. A sign-posted table located in cafs in-store is one of them. The concept has been developed in close associ
35、ation with Chatty Caf. Alexandra Hoskyn was inspired to start a network of Chatty Cafs in the U. K. in 2017 after finding herself socially isolated as a new mother at home with young children.“We know from our Living Well Index that community connections are a key driver of helping people live well,
36、” says Judith Batchelar, director of Sainsburys brand. “We hope that by bringing people together at our Talking Tables, we can develop the potential of our store space to help people be better connected to the communities they live and work in.”A European friend suggested that all this unsolicited(自
37、发的) friendliness may not seem very British. However, a staff member at the Sainsburys sounded more positive: “Its early days, and you cannot change peoples habits overnight.”12Who might come to “Talking Table”?AOnly the lonely old people.BPeople having communication problems.CTeenagers active in soc
38、ial media.DAnyone eager to chat.13What can we infer from the text?A“Talking Table” is a pioneer in the UK.B“Talking Table” was inspired by some new mothers.CFriendliness can change British habits directly.D“Talking Table” can produce a sense of belonging.14What is the important element for peoples w
39、ell-being according to Judith Batchelar?APersonal ambition.BPhysical and mental health.CCommunication in the community.DRelations with family.15What is the passage mainly about?AThe largest supermarket chain in the UK Sainsburys.BThe supermarkets cafes helping ease loneliness.CThe latest study on lo
40、neliness of senior citizens.DThe approaches to getting rid of loneliness.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People wh
41、o you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. _16_It turns out, its just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum
42、 delay. _17_Any small interruption-a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:_18_So its not just in your mind: Another line probably i
43、s moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line-and serve each person at the front with the next available register. _19_This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentin
44、e line, a long delay at one register wont unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. _20_It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores cant afford the space or manpower. So wherever you
45、r next wait may be: Good luck.AWhy does this always seem to happen to you?BSo why dont most places encourage serpentine lines?CSome of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.DThe chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.EHow high is the probability that you are in the f
46、astest waiting line?FWith three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.GBut sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.三 完形填空(30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take
47、my mother to do her _21_ and visit the doctor, providing _22_ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to _23_ some small things she needs. Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was _24_ about three dollars. The o
48、nly _25_ to pay for the groceries was to take off the _26_ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to _27_ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her. At this store, people _28_ and then go off to the side to _29_ their
49、own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a _30_ came up to her and said, “Here are the things that you _31_ .” handing her the rubbing alcohol and the _32_ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She _33_ for the womans name and address so that she cou
50、ld _34_ her. The woman told her it was her _35_ .My mother was so _36_ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand _37_ the same happened to someone else if they didnt have enough _38_ for all of their groceries. So, whoever y
51、ou are, thank you for the random act of _39_ that not only helped my mother out, but _40_ too.21AexerciseBhouseworkCcookingDshopping22ArewardBmedicineCcompanyDshelter23AreturnBcolletCorderDbuy24AshortBcautiousCwrongDconcerned25AaimBwayCadviceDreason26AweightBthingsCmaskDglasses27AraiseBaddCbringDswi
52、tch28Ashow upBcall inCcheck outDsit down29AstoreBselectCdeliverDbag30AstrangerBcashierCfriendDdoctor31Alooked forBtalked aboutCthrew awayDput back32AreceiptBsoapCcashDbottle33AaskedBwaitedCcaredDsearched34ArepayBtrustCrecognizeDhelp35AluckBchanceCgiftDturn36AsurprisedBamusedCtouchedDconvinced37Ain c
53、aseBeven ifCas thoughDso that38AenergyBmoneyCspaceDtime39AfaithBcourageCkindnessDhonor40Amade her dayBchanged her mindCcaught her eyeDmet her demand4 语法填空(15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese Teachers Day is the very festival _41_ celebrates the 2,300-year tradition of respecting teachers and
54、 education in China. It bears much _42_（similar） to the birthday of Confucius or the birthday of private school tutor in ancient China.The history of Chinese Teachers Day _43_（date） back to the Han Dynasty. According to the record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthd
55、ay of Confucius, followed by court officials, the emperor would go to Confucius temple and pay tribute to the ancient philosopher, and would also invite royal teachers _44_ the imperial court for a banquet. Local _45_（chief） followed the court, and on this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a d
56、ays vacation and were given dried meat as gifts.With local officials or the emperor _46_（lead） a series of activities, the capital, all states and counties would also stage sacrificial ceremonies _47_（admire） Confucius. Excellent-performing teachers would _48_（choose） from academies and learning ins
57、titutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang（两） silver coins as awards.Until the Qing Dynasty, the sacrificial ceremony, on August 27, was of _49_ larger scale. The teachers salaries in schools and academies around the nation were raised, and well-performing teachers would
58、be awarded official titles or promoted to _50_（high） positions.5 短文改错(10分)51假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Hank,Im writing to apologi
59、ze for having lost the book American Culture borrow from you last week.My friends asked me to play the football yesterday afternoon and I put the book besides the basketball stand. Therefore, I forgot to bring it back afterwards and when I returned to the playgrounds, it wasnt there. I have put up a
60、 notice on the notice board to see if anybody took the book in mistake. If I cant find, I will buy a new one for you. Im sorry for cause you some trouble. I really hoped that you can accept my sincerely apology.Love,Li Hua6. 作文(25分)52假如你是你校学生会主席李华，为庆祝中华人民共和国成立73周年，你校决定举办一场学生书画作品展，主题为“我心中的祖国”，现向全校同学征
61、集作品。请你代表学生会写一则通知。内容包括：1.展览的时间、地点； 2.作品内容；3.截止日期。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：中华人民共和国 The Peoples Republic of China(PRC)_听力答案：(1)A (2)C (3)B (4)A (5)B (6)A (7)B (8)B (9)C (10)C (11)B (12)A (13)C (14)A (15)C (16)A (17)B (18)C (19)A (20)A 1B2D3D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了F 网站的性质、创立的目标以及开展的项目。文章还介绍了网站所经营的“
62、寓言和童话”博物馆，并发布招聘启事，招聘故事讲述人。1细节理解题。根据第一段“F is a non-profit site for visitors from all over the world to share and read fables and fairy tales.(F是一个非盈利性网站，供来自世界各地的访客分享和阅读寓言和童话。)”以及第二段“Our main objective is to promote the importance of such stories in developing culture, imagination and creativity. We b
63、elieve that reading the fables and fairy tales from different cultures allows us to build a greater understanding and appreciation of the diversity around the world.(我们的主要目标是宣传这些故事在发展文化，想象力和创造力方面的重要性。我们相信，阅读来自不同文化的寓言和童话能让我们更好地理解和欣赏世界的多样性。)”可知此网站的主要目标是要促进寓言和童话的阅读。故选B。2推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“No charges for gu
64、ides and admissions but donations are much appreciated.(导游和入场不收费，但欢迎捐款)”可推断出这个博物馆依靠游客的捐赠来维持。故选D。3推理判断题。根据最后海报中的“Join us as a storyteller! If you are passionate about being a storyteller, send us a video of a reading to storyteller. Upload a great performance and we will include you in our list!(加入我们
65、，成为一个讲故事的人！如果你想成为一个讲故事的人，请给我们发送一个阅读视频到storyteller。上传精彩表现的视频，我们会将您列入我们的聘用名单！)”可知故事讲述人都是根据他们上传的作品选出来的。故选D。4B5A6C7D【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲对于以前花钱买了很多没用的东西而感到愧疚，并因此而备受折磨。因此，作者建议母亲通过卖掉这些物品和捐给慈善事业来摆脱它们。从这件事情作者告诉我们一个道理：只有通过自我原谅才能带来家和内心的重组。4细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Its evident that seeing the stuff on a daily basis reminds
66、 my mom of a time when shopping was her way of spending money可知这些物品每天都让作者的母亲想起过去；及第二段第一句I didnt fully understand the extent to which my mom was suffering until this week.承接了第一段，描述了作者的母亲因这些物品而遭受到了很大的痛苦。因此，母亲深陷在痛苦的记忆中让作者很难受。故选B。5推理判断题。作者的母亲在上句because I know I have to get rid of all this stuff eventual
67、ly提到会最终摆脱这些物品，而现在母亲让这些物品时刻陪着自己是惩罚自己的一种方式。因此that指的是get rid of all this stuff。故选A。6推理判断题。根据第四段she was in a better mood and was excited about going-through the rest of the house to finally get rid of her stuffpast mistakes and painful times.一句可知，作者的母亲认为以前花钱买这么多不用的东西是一大错误，且上文也提到母亲因这些错误而备受折磨。因此，可得知作者的母亲后
68、悔买了这些东西。故选C。7标题判断题。作者的母亲对于以前花钱买了很多没用的东西而感到愧疚，并因此而备受折磨。最终，作者说服母亲通过卖掉这些物品或捐给慈善来摆脱它们，也帮助母亲摆脱了精神上的折磨。Clearance helps remove suffering清除（折磨自己的东西）有助于消除痛苦。故答案选D。8D9C10B11C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是虚拟现实可以改善老年人的记忆。并介绍了研究的开展过程以及相关专家对此的看法。8主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual
69、 reality might help older people recall facts and events based on specific details.(但是目前在科学报告上出版的研究报告表明虚拟现实可能帮助老年人根据具体细节回忆事实和事件)”以及接下来的描述可知，文章主要讲述的是虚拟现实可以改善老年人的记忆。故选D。9推理判断题。根据第三段“Meredith Thompson, an education researcher, studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. It
70、would be great to actually follow people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory. She says, adding VR can provide greater involvement than other games.(Meredith Thompson，一位教育研究者，主要研究通过虚拟现实游戏学习，但没有参与新的研究。她说，长时间跟踪并看看这种游戏对长期记忆有什么作用是很棒的，并补充说，虚拟现实可以比其他游戏提供更多的参与)”可知，Meredith Tho
71、mpson需要长时间跟踪观察。由此推知，她对这项研究的态度是谨慎的。故选C。10细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The outcome, Simons notes, “needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before its treated as a strong finding.”(Simons说，“这个结果在它被视为重大发现之前需要被重复测验，最好是在一个更大的群体中。”)”以及最后一段“For now, Wais says, the team hopes its studies with similar-sized
72、groups will help draw funding to test the game in a larger pool of participants.(Wais说，现在这个团队希望与类似规模的团队进行的研究将有助于筹集资金来在更多的参与者中测试游戏)”可知，科学家认为这个研究需要进一步改善是因为参与者的数量有限。故选B。11推理判断题。根据第一段“Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events ba
73、sed on specific details.(但是目前在科学报告上出版的研究报告表明虚拟现实可能帮助老年人根据具体细节回忆事实和事件)”以及接下来的描述可知，这属于科学研究，所以我们可以推测本文是发表在某杂志上。故选C。12D13D14C15B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了英国超市连锁店Sainsburys划出区域作为“Talking Tables”，以减轻人们的孤独感。12细节理解题。根据第二段“Government announcers tell us that Britons of all ages are suffering loneliness.(政府报幕员告诉我们，各个年
74、龄段的英国人都在遭受孤独。)”根据第三段“To ease the problem of loneliness, Sainsburys has launched “Talking Tables,” which are reserved spaces where people can have a chat.(为了缓解孤独的问题，塞恩斯伯里推出了“Talking Tables”，这是人们可以聊天的预留空间。)可知，任何年龄段的英国人都会有孤独感，因此第三段第一句提到Talking Tables给人们提供一个交流的地方，即想聊天的人可以来“Talking Tables”。故选D。13推理判断题。根据
75、文章第三、四段，特别是第四段中“We hope that by bringing people together at our Talking Tables, we can develop the potential of our store space to help people be better connected to the communities they live and work in.(我们希望通过把人们聚集在我们的“Talking Tables”上，我们可以开发我们商店空间的潜力，帮助人们更好地与他们生活和工作的社区联系起来。)”可知，Talking Tables可以增进
76、人们之间的交流，使人们和周围能够更好地连接，因此能够给人增加归属感。故选D。14细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“We hope that by bringing people together at our Talking Tables, we can develop the potential of our store space to help people be better connected to the communities they live and work in.(我们希望通过把人们聚集在我们的“Talking Tables”上，我们可以开发我们商店空间的潜力，帮助人们
77、更好地与他们生活和工作的社区联系起来。)”可知，Talking Tables可以增进人们在社区中的交流。故选C。15主旨大意题。根据第三段“To ease the problem of loneliness, Sainsburys has launched “Talking Tables,” which are reserved spaces where people can have a chat.(为了缓解孤独的问题，塞恩斯伯里推出了“Talking Tables”，这是人们可以聊天的预留空间。)”及全文可知，文章主要就是介绍超市咖啡店里的Talking Tables能帮助人们减少孤独感。
78、故选B。16A17G18D19F20B【导语】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。16根据下文“It turns out, its just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. (原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快)”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，A选项“Why does this always seem to happ
79、en to you?( 为什么这种事总是发生在你身上?)”符合文意，故选A项。17根据上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.(杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账)”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding
80、 up an entire line.(任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线)”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，G项“But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.(但有时，比如在周日下午，系统会变得特别繁忙)”，与此呼应。故选G项。18根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registe
81、rs. (如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生)”联系下文“So its not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.(所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快)”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。D项“The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.(你的线路是最快的几率只有三分之一)”与此对应。故选D项。19根据“上文Researchers have a g
82、ood way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register wont unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up chec
83、kout overall.(这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度)”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。F项“With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.(由于有三个寄存器，这种方法比传统方法要快得多)”与此对应。故选F项。20结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line movi
84、ng quickly, and some stores cant afford the space or manpower.(要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力)”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。B项“So why dont most places encourage serpentine lines?(那么，为什么大多数地方不鼓励使用蛇形线条呢？)”解
85、释了该原因。故选B项。21D22C23D24A25B26B27C28C29D30A31D32B33A34A35C36C37A38B39C40A【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者年迈的母亲在超市购物时，得到陌生人帮助的故事。21考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A. exercise锻炼；B. housework家务活；C. cooking烹饪；D. shopping购物。根据上文中的“My mother is 92”和下一句中的“go to a nearby store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。故选D。22
86、考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A. reward报酬，酬谢；B. medicine药；C. company陪伴；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护。根据前文“My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each weekI take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。故选C。23考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的一些小东西。A
87、. return返回；B. collect收集；C. order订购；D. buy买。根据上文的“she likes to go to a nearby store”和下文中的“small things she needs”可知，作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。故选D。24考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周她走进商店，当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3美元。A. short缺少的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. wrong错误的；D. concerned关心的。根据下文中的“The only 5 to pay for the groceries was to take off
88、 the 6 she could do without”可知，作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。故选A。25考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. aim目标；B. way方法，方式；C. advice建议；D. reason原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不够，所以把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一“方式”。故选B。26考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. weight重量；B. th
89、ings东西；C. mask口罩；D. glasses眼镜。根据下文中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的“东西”。故选B。27考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额范围。A. raise提高；B. add添加；C. bring使处于某种状况，使到某地；D. switch转变。根据上文可知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring sth. to sth.表示“使处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总
90、值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。故选C。28考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. show up出现，露面；B. call in叫来，拜访；C. check out结账离开；D. sit down坐下。根据空后的“then go off to the side”可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。故选C。29考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. store贮藏；B. select挑选；C. deliver递送；D. bag把装进袋子。根据下一句中的“putting her g
91、roceries into shopping bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。故选D。30考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收银员；C. friend朋友；D. doctor医生。根据下文中的“She _13_ for the womans name and address”可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的姓名和地址。故选A。31考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买
92、的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. look for寻找；B. talk about谈论；C. throw away扔掉；D. put back放回。根据上一段的“take off the 6 she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these”可知，由于缺大约3美元，作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出来，放回到货架上。故选D。32考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突
93、然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. receipt收据；B. soap肥皂；C. cash现金；D. bottle瓶子。根据上文中的“take off the 6 she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精)and a bar of soap.By taking off these”可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东西买了下来。故选B。33考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A. asked询问；B. waited等待；
94、C. cared在乎；D. searched搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名和住址以便报答对方的帮助。故选A。34考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A. repay报答；B. trust信任；C. recognize认出；D. help帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方的姓名和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。故选A。35考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。A. luck运气；B. chance机会；C. gift礼物；D. turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She was
95、so 16 by her gesture that ”可知，这个女人的行为感动了作者母亲，可得出这个女人并没有告诉作者母亲她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母亲的报答。所以这是她给母亲的“礼物”。故选C。36考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲如此感动以至于她决定回到那家商店给收银员5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. surprised惊讶的；B. amused被逗乐的；C. touched受到触动的，感动的；D. convinced相信的。陌生女人的无私帮助感动了母亲。故选C。37考查连词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防
96、同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. in case以防，万一；B. even if即使；C. as though好像；D. so that以便，结果。如果其他人遇到没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西时，母亲的五美元钞票可以提供一些帮助。所以母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，就是以防同样情况的发生。故选A。38考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. energy能量，精力；B. money钱；C. space地方，空间；D. time时间。根据上文中的“a five-dol
97、lar bill”可知，作者母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防有人没有足够的“钱”来支付他们所购买的东西。故选B。39考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不仅帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。A. faith信任，信念；B. courage勇气；C. kindness善良；D. honor荣誉。陌生女人帮助母亲，这是一种“善意的”行为。故选C。40考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不仅帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。A. make ones day使某人开心；B. change ones mind改变主意；C. catch ones
98、eye吸引某人的注意力；D. meet ones demand满足某人的要求。得到帮助，作者母亲心情愉悦，十分开心。故选A。41that42similarity43dates44to45chiefs46leading47to admire48be chosen49a50higher【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述教师节的历史。41考查关系词。句意：中国教师节是庆祝中国2300年来尊师重教传统的节日。分析句子可知，“ celebrates the 2,300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China”是从句部分，修饰
99、festival，从句部分缺主语，且有the very修饰，只能填that。故填that。42考查名词。句意：它与中国古代孔子的生日或私立学校导师的生日有很多相似之处。分析句子可知，此处应填similar的名词形式similarity作bears的宾语。故填similarity。43考查主谓一致。句意：中国教师节的历史可以追溯到汉代。此处是在介绍教师节的历史，属于客观事实，故用一般现在时。分析句子可知，主语是history，谓语用dates。故填dates。44考查动词不定式。句意：据记载，汉晋时期，每年8月27日孔子诞辰，朝廷官员都会前往孔庙向这位古代哲学家致敬，并会邀请皇室老师到朝廷设宴。
100、invite sb.to do sth.是固定用法，意为“邀请某人做某事”。故填to。45考查名词。句意：在这一天，地方官员仿效宫廷，全国各地的教师享受了一天的假期，并收到了肉干作为礼物。根据句意“当地的领导”不止一个可知，此处应用chief的复数形式chiefs。故填chiefs。46考查非谓语。句意：在地方官员或皇帝领导的一系列活动中，首都、所有州和县都会举行祭拜孔子的仪式。分析句子可知，此处使用“with+名词+非谓语”这一复合结构， local officials or the emperor和lead是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填leading。47考查非谓语。句意：在地方官员或皇帝
101、领导的一系列活动中，首都、所有州和县都会举行祭拜孔子的仪式。分词句子可知，此处应用不定式表目的。故填to admire。48考查动词的语态。句意：优秀的教师将从全国各院校和学习机构中选拔，向朝廷报告，并给予500两银币作为奖励。根据句意“优秀的教师将从全国各院校和学习机构中选拔”可知，主语与谓语为被动关系，此处需用被动语态，设空前有would，所以填be chosen。故填be chosen。49考查冠词。句意：直到清朝，8月27日的祭祀仪式规模更大。a larger scale意为“更大的规模”。故填a。50考查形容词。句意：提高了全国学校和院校教师的工资，表现优秀的教师被授予荣誉或晋升到更
102、高的职位。根据句意可知，晋升是到达更高的岗位，所以用形容词的比较级。故填higher。511. borrow borrowed2.删除the3. besides beside4. Therefore However5. playgrounds playground6. in by7. find后加it8. cause causing9. hoped hope10. sincerely sincere【导语】这是一篇道歉信。作者在信中向朋友解释了自己把朋友的书弄丢的原因，提出了补救措施并表达了自己的歉意。【详解】1.考查非谓语。句意：我把上周向你借的美国文化弄丢了，特此道歉。分析句子可知，句子的
103、谓语动词为am writing，此处borrow为非谓语，与其逻辑主语the book之间为被动关系，需用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故将borrow改为borrowed。2.考查冠词。句意：昨天下午我的朋友叫我去踢足球，我把书放在篮球架旁边。“踢足球”为短语play football，球类运动前不加冠词the。故删除the。3.考查介词。句意：昨天下午我的朋友叫我去踢足球，我把书放在篮球架旁边。besides意为“除之外（还）”；beside意为“在旁边”表示方位，此处表示“在篮球架旁边”，需用介词beside。故将besides改为beside。4.考查副词。句意：然而，后来我忘了把它带回
104、来，当我回到操场时，它已经不在那里了。根据句子前后的逻辑关系可知，此处表示“把书放在了篮球架旁边，却忘了带回来”表示转折关系，Therefore意为“因此；所以”表因果关系，此处需用however表转折。故将Therefore改为However。5.考查名词。句意：然而，后来我忘了把它带回来，当我回到操场时，它已经不在那里了。此处指“我丢书的那个操场”，名词前有定冠词the，表示特指，需用单数形式。故将playgrounds改为playground。6.考查固定搭配。句意：我已在布告栏上贴了一张告示，看是否有人拿错了书。短语by mistake意为“错误地”为固定搭配，此处需用介词by。故将i
105、n改为by。7.考查代词。句意：如果我找不到，我就给你买一个新的。find为及物动词，意为“找到”，后面需加代词it作宾语，指代前面的the book。故在find后加it。8.考查动名词。句意：很抱歉给你添麻烦了。短语be sorry for doing sth.意为“因为做某事而道歉”为固定搭配；介词for后面需用动名词形式。故将cause改为causing。9.考查动词时态。句意：我真的希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。此处在讲述事实，陈述实际情况，需用一般现在时态；主语为I，hope需用动词原形。故将hoped改为hope。10.考查形容词。句意：我真的希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。表示“真诚的道
106、歉”，apology为名词，此处需用形容词sincere修饰该名词。故将sincerely改为sincere。52参考答案NoticeAimed at celebrating the 73th anniversary of the founding of the PRC, a calligraphy and painting exhibition, with the topic Motherland in My Heart, will be held in our school exhibition hall next Friday.The works submitted should foc
107、us on the topic. You can express your great love to our motherland in your works. Additionally, it is a good idea to picture the rapid development of our country, or its promising future. Meanwhile, your determination to study hard so as to make our country more beautiful and prosperous can also be
108、conveyed in your works.Anyone who is interested in it is supposed to submit your works at the school office before the deadline, this Friday afternoon.Student Union【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会主席李华的名义写一则通知，向全校同学征集主题为“我心中的祖国”庆祝中华人民共和国成立73周年的学生书画作品展的作品。内容包括展览的时间、地点；作品内容及截止日期。【详解】1.词汇积累关注：pay attention tofo
109、cus on此外：Besides Additionally有希望的：hopeful promising表达：express convey2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：The works submitted should focus on the topic. You can express your great love to our motherland in your works.拓展句：The works submitted , in which you can express your great love to our motherland, should focus on the t
110、opic.【点睛】【高分句型1】Aimed at celebrating the 73th anniversary of the founding of the PRC, a calligraphy and painting exhibition, with the topic Motherland in My Heart, will be held in our school exhibition hall next Friday.(运用了过去分词作状语)【高分句型2】Anyone who is interested in it is supposed to submit your works at the school office before the deadline, this Friday afternoon.(运用了who引导的定语从句)
