1、Unit 4EarthquakesUsing Language. 单词认知1. a frightening(令人恐惧的) night2. this frightened(受惊的) boy3. sincerely(真诚地) hope you will recover soon4. congratulations(祝贺) on your success5. a group of five judges(裁判员)6. write an outline(要点; 大纲)7. a newspaper headline(大字标题)8. an amateur cyclist(骑自行车的人)9. damage(
2、毁坏)a car10. express(表达) my thanks . 短语体验写出下列句中黑体部分的含义1. You should be proud of your achievements. (对感到骄傲)2. She was scheduled to give a speech to the Sydney Mining Club in August. (给做演讲)3. In this way, we express thanks to our parents in return for their love. (向表达感谢)4. He performs around the world
3、to raise money for the organization. (为募捐). 根据汉语提示补全句子1. He was about to turn off the light when he heard someone call him. 他正要关灯, 突然听到有人叫他。2. I have invited more than one hundred friends to the party, most of whom are from abroad. 我邀请了100多位朋友参加聚会, 他们中大多数来自国外。3. As is known to us, the West Lake is f
4、amous for its beauty. 众所周知, 西湖因其美而闻名。4. Its useless trying to persuade him to change his mind. He is too stubborn. 试图劝他改变主意无用。他太固执了。Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解Task 2文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。(1)The student is invited to_. A. take part in the high school speaking competitionB. give a speech to the park vi
5、sitors on July 28C. help Zhang Sha to prepare for the opening of the new parkD. visit the new park just as a guest(2)The office will have the student speak to the park visitors on July 28 because_. A. its a day convenient for people to attendB. its a day fit for an opening of a parkC. its the day th
6、e quake happened in 1976D. its the day the quake ended in 1976(3)In his/her speech, the student may not mention_. A. the terrible quake that happened in 1976B. the great work people did to rebuild TangshanC. the bright future of TangshanD. his/her hobbies答案: (1)(3)BCD2. 根据文章内容完成空格。In the letter, Zha
7、ng Sha offers (1)congratulations to the winner of the high school speaking (2)competitionabout new Tangshan. And he tells the winner a group of five (3)judges heard the speech and (4)agreed that his/hers was the best one this year. Then he (5)invites the winner to speak to the visitors to a new park
8、 which will be opened to the public to (6)honour those (7)who died in Tangshan earthquake and those who helped the (8)survivors. Zhang Sha also hopes that the winner will (9)bring his or her family and friends (10)on July 28 at 11: 00 am. 3. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。(1)We are pleased to tell you that you hav
9、e won the 主句主语间接宾语宾语从句(直接宾语)high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. 译文: 我们很高兴地告诉你, 你在以“新唐山”为主题的中学演讲比赛中获得了第一名。(2)译文: 下个月, 该市将要开放一个新公园以纪念那些在这次可怕的灾难中死去的人。Task 3阅读思维升华: 主题实践根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。1. 上个月一场可怕的飓风袭击了这个村子。(strike)A terrible hurricane struck the village last month. 2. 飓风把整个村子都毁掉了。(
10、destroy)The hurricane destroyed the whole village. 3. 这场灾难过后, 许多人需要食物和避身处。(disaster)After the disaster there were many people who wanted food and shelters. 4. 无论你走到哪里, 你所看到的都已沦为废墟。(ruin)Wherever you went, what you saw was in ruins. 5. 不是所有的人都失去了信心。(部分否定)Not all the people lost their hopes. A terribl
11、e hurricane struck the village last month, which destroyed the whole village. Wherever you went, what you saw was in ruins. After the disaster there were many people who wanted food and shelters. Not all the people lost their hopes. With the help of the local government and people from other places,
12、 the whole village returned to normal soon. 1. frighten vt. 使惊吓; 吓唬*It was a frightening night. 那是一个可怕的夜晚。*(2019全国卷)He had tried to coax the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off. 他试图把狗哄到身边, 但它吓得跑开了。*The sufferings of the injured people in this terrible earthquake made him feel frightened of it
13、. 这次可怕的地震中伤者的痛苦使他对地震感到恐惧。(1)frighten sb. /sth. away 把吓跑(2)frightened adj. 受惊的be frightened of. . . 害怕be frightened at. . . 对感到惊恐(3)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的, 令人害怕的Once bitten by a snake, you are even frightened by a rope that looks like a snake. 一朝被蛇咬, 十年怕井绳。(比喻经历一次挫折以后就变得胆小怕事。)(1)语法填空。I was so frighte
14、ned (frighten) that I closed my eyes. A sudden stop can be a very frightening (frighten) experience, especially when you are travelling at high speed. He fired a shot and tried to frighten the wolf away. (2)Frightened of losing his job, my friend didnt tell the boss the truth. 因为害怕丢掉工作, 我的朋友没有告诉老板实情
15、。2. congratulation n. 祝贺; (复数)贺词*Permit me to offer you my sincere congratulations. 谨致衷心祝贺。*Warm congratulations to the heroes who helped fight against the epidemic in Hubei Province! 热烈祝贺援助湖北的抗疫英雄们凯旋! *She congratulated him on successfully organizing this important party. 她祝贺他成功地组织了这个重要的聚会。(1)congr
16、atulations to sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事offer/send congratulations to sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事(2)congratulate v. 祝贺, 向致贺词congratulate sb. on/upon sth. /doing sth. 祝贺某人某事(2020全国卷) The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. (乔迁)派对是朋友和家人对搬新家的人表示祝贺的机会。 (1)语法填空。I must con
17、gratulate you on the excellent design of the new bridge. I send you my warmest congratulations(congratulate) on your success. (2)I warmly congratulate you on your successful performance. 对你们成功的演出, 我表示热烈的祝贺。(3)Allow me to express my sincere congratulations! 请允许我表达我衷心的祝贺! 【补偿训练】I sincerely express my
18、congratulations on your graduating from Beijing University. 我真诚地祝贺你从北京大学毕业。3. express vt. 表示; 表达n. 快车; 速递*I would like to express my warmest thanks to you for your frequent help. 我想对你们经常的帮助表达我最由衷的感谢。*The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. 艺术世界给了我不需要语言表达我自己的机会。*She was really
19、 grateful to you beyond expression. 她对你的感激无法形容。(1)express oneself表达自己的思想感情express ones thanks to sb. 向某人表达感谢(2)expression n. 表达; 表情beyond expression无法表达, 难以表达(2021全国乙卷)And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude. 然后我意识到, 如果
20、我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词汇, 事情会简单得多。 (1)语法填空。The childs natural way of expressing (express) himself is play. There was a worried expression (express) on her face. You should make use of your spare time to remember these important new words and expressions (express). The scenery in my hometown is beautiful be
21、yond expression. (2)(2019全国卷)Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满。4. As you know, this is the day the quake happened _years ago. 你知道, _年前的这一天正是地震发生的日子。【句式解构】(1)这是个主从复合句, as you know 为非限制性定语从句, as 指代整个主句的内容。(2)关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句, 从句可放在主句前、主句中或主句后, 常用逗号与主句隔开。as 意为“正如”,
22、其后的谓语动词多是see, know, expect, say, report等。*As we all know, going through some difficulties can make you more determined. 众所周知, 经历一些困境能让你更有决心。*As is known to all, fish cant live without water. 众所周知, 鱼离开水无法生存。*She won two awards in the host contest, as you might expect. 正如你期望的那样, 她在主持人大赛中获得双项大奖。*(2020天
23、津高考) Id like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. 我也想让你做, 但正如你所知道的, 我们正处于战争之中。(1)As is known to all, great changes have taken place in China. 众所周知, 中国发生了巨大的变化。(2)(2019全国卷) As we all know, friendship always comes first. 正如我们都知道的, 友谊总是第一位的。(3)He sets down important points
24、in the class, as is often the case. 他在课堂上记录下要点, 这是经常的事。【要点拾遗】1. damage n. &vt. 损失; 损害*The economy will suffer and it may take years for the economy to recover fully from the damage. 经济将受到影响, 经济可能需要数年时间才能从损害中完全恢复。*The doctor burst out crying because his reputation was damaged. 这个医生大哭起来, 因为他的名誉受到了损害。d
25、o/cause damage to给造成/带来损失 damage ones reputation 毁坏某人的名誉damage ones health损害某人的健康【熟词生义】He was ordered to pay damages totalling 30, 000. (n. 损害赔偿金)(2020新高考全国卷)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. 那年早些时候, 一场洪水侵袭了这个地区, 它造成的破坏赶走了很多的鸟。 (1)
26、语法填空。We surveyed the damage caused(cause) by the bomb. Several vehicles were damaged (damage) in the crash. This could cause serious damage to the countrys economy. (2)一句多译。吸烟严重损害你的健康。Smoking seriously damages your health. Smoking does serious damage to your health. 2. judge n. 裁判员; 法官vt. 断定; 判断; 判决
27、*Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. 评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲, 他们都认为这是今年最好的演讲。*You should never judge a person by his looks. 绝不要以貌取人。*(2019全国卷)You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. 你还需要判断你的动机的质量和深度。*Judging from his
28、 accent, Id guess the cyclist must be from the south. 从他的口音判断, 我猜这个骑自行车的人一定是南方人。(1)judge sb. /sth. by/from 通过判断(2)judging from/by. . . 从来看, 根据判断(3)judg(e)ment n. 判断; 看法【知识延伸】judging from在句中作评论性状语, 表明说话者的态度、观点, 往往作为独立成分修饰全句。常见的还有: generally speaking一般来说; strictly speaking严格来说; roughly speaking大致说来; b
29、roadly speaking广义上说Never judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人。(比喻看问题, 不要被表面现象所蒙蔽, 要看问题的实质。评判人, 不要只看长相和穿戴, 要看他的人品和学识。) (1)语法填空。Anyone who judges by/from common sense often makes mistakes. Judging(judge) by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time. She showed a lack of judgement(judge) when she
30、gave Mark the job. (2)Judging from her expression, she is angry. 从她的表情来看, 她生气了。3. Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. 评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲, 他们都认为这是今年最好的演讲。【句式解构】此句为主从复合句, 从句为数词/代词+介词+whom(which)引导的定语从句。*The old lady has two daughters, bot
31、h of whom have become famous judges. 这个老妇人有两个女儿, 都已成为著名的法官。*I saw three camp beds, two of which were occupied. 我看见了三张行军床, 其中两张已有人占了。 (1)语法填空。I have many friends, some of whom are businessmen. Each corner had a guard tower, each of which was exactly ten meters in height. (2)We now enjoy those comfort
32、s of which formerly we had only heard. 我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。(3)Boats were crowded with hot and angry holidaymakers, some of whom had waited for up to two days to cross. 船上满是情绪激动、怒气冲冲的度假者, 他们中有些人等船渡河已经等了多达两天了。4. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened. 这名男子正在楼下睡觉, 这时突然地震发生了。【句式
33、解构】be doing sth. when. . . 正在做某事这时(突然)when为并列连词, 相当于and just at that time。类似用法还有: be about to do. . . when. . . 正要做这时be on the point of doing. . . when. . . 正要做这时had just done. . . when. . . 刚刚做完这时*I was walking along the street when I heard my name called. 我正在街上走着, 这时突然听到有人叫我的名字。*We were about to s
34、tart when it began to rain. 我们正要动身, 这时突然下起雨来。(1)I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要睡觉, 这时电话响了。(2)He had just finished his homework when his mother called him. 他刚做完他的作业就听到他的妈妈在喊他。. 语用功能表达表示感谢: 1. I would like to express my thanks to you. 我想对你表示感谢。2. Here, I wish to express my thanks
35、 for your great effort. 在此, 我对您为此做出的巨大努力表示感谢。3. Id also like to thank the others who help us. 我还要感谢其他帮助我们的人。4. No words are strong enough to express our thanks. 任何语言都不足以表达我们的谢意。表示经历: 1. It was terrible when the earthquake took place. 当发生地震的时候, 太可怕了。2. I remember that at that time I was sleeping. 我记得
36、我当时正在睡觉。3. Not long after that. . . 不久之后4. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 好像是世界末日来临一样。5. I felt very frightened. 我觉得十分恐惧。6. Luckily, we all survived. 幸运的是, 我们都活了下来。. 话题情景交流Amy打电话对Tom帮助她搬家表示感谢。Tom: Hello? Amy: Hi Tom! This is Amy speaking. Tom: Oh, hello Amy! How are you? Amy: Im great. I j
37、ust wanted to call and 1. say thank you again for helping me move into my new house(再次感谢你帮我搬进新家) last Saturday. Tom: Dont mention it, Amy! Thats what friends are for. Amy: 2. I really appreciate it. (我真的很感激。) I wouldnt have been able to do it without your help. 3. It was so generous of you to let me
38、 use your truck(你真好, 让我用你的卡车) and to carry all those heavy boxes up the stairs. 4. I definitely owe you a favor. (我绝对欠你一个人情。)Tom: Well, next time I move you can help me. Then we will be even. Amy: Sounds fair to me. Ive got it now, but thanks again. Bye! Tom: Bye! . 根据句意和首字母写出单词1. It is difficult to
39、 judge a person by his expression. 2. Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 3. He can express himself in fluent English now after four years hard learning. 4. A newspaper headline caught his attention. 5. The cyclist was run down by a lorry. 6. I sincerely hop
40、e that you recover quickly after the operation. 7. As we all know, a good reporter should have a nose for news. 8. We sent Nancy our congratulations on her winning the gold medal in the 1, 500-meter race. 9. The childrens shouts frightened the birds and they flew away. 10. Make an outline before try
41、ing to write a composition. . 选词填空refer to, wake up, put up, a letter of invitation, give a speech, be proud of, express ones thanks to, be known as1. He received a letter of invitation from one of his old friends yesterday. 2. I would like to express my thanks to my friends who often help me when I
42、m in trouble. 3. Tu Youyou is known as the expert in Chinese traditional medicine. 4. The professor who was invited to give a speech had gone abroad. 5. I am proud of my motherland forever. 6. They wake up every morning to work for their families and their future. 7. Study the example and refer to t
43、he explanation below. 8. The workers put up a wall at the building site. . 完成句子1. The two sportsmen congratulated each other on winning the match by shaking hands. 这两名运动员握手祝贺彼此赢得比赛。2. With your help, we finished our task on time, and our boss expressed his satisfaction with our work. I dont know how
44、 to express my thanks to you. 在你的帮助下, 我们按时完成了任务, 老板对我们的工作表示很满意。我都不知道如何表达对你的感谢了。3. Schools should not be judged only from/by exam results. 不应该仅仅从考试结果上评判一个学校。4. In some communities, nearly every building was badly damaged. 在部分社区, 几乎所有的建筑物都严重受损。5. We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain
45、. 我们正打算动身, 突然下起雨来了。6. As we had expected, he won in the final game. 正如我们所预料的, 他在决赛中胜出了。如何写新闻报道新闻报道是记叙文的一种, 其特点是以事实为依据, 对人的经历或事实给予明确的、实事求是的报道。写作过程中要保持事件的真实性、准确性、及时性。语言要准确、简练、通俗易懂。5月25日, 你校学生会组织了为西藏地震灾区捐款的活动。同学们踊跃参加, 共筹得善款35 000元。假如你是校英语报的记者李华, 请按以下要点用英语写一则新闻报道。1. 时间、地点、任务、活动; 2. 同学们的反应。注意: 1. 词数100个左
46、右; 2. 报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数); 3. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。1. 完成句子(1)学生会在5月25日举办了一场为灾区捐款的活动。On May 25, an activity to donate money to the disaster area was held by the Students Union. (不定式作定语)(2)一些西藏地区靠近尼泊尔的房子在事故中受到破坏。Some houses in Tibet, which is close to Nepal, were destroyed in the accident. (定语从句)(3)许多学生加
47、入捐款活动。A great number of students took part in the donation activity. (number)(4)我们非常高兴捐献了我们的零花钱。We were very glad to give our pocket money away. (不定式作原因状语)2. 句式升级(5)What we know is that a big earthquake hit Nepal. (改成定语从句)As we (all)know, a big earthquake hit Nepal. (6)Many students took part in the
48、 donation activity. The activity was held in our library. (改为过去分词作定语)Many students took part in the donation activity held in our library. (7)We collected 35, 000 yuan. (改为被动语态)35, 000 yuan was collected by us. Students Donate Money to Disaster AreaOn May 25, an activity to donate money to the disas
49、ter area in Tibet was held by the Students Union in our school. As we know, a big earthquake hit Nepal. And some houses in Tibet, which is close to Nepal, were destroyed in the accident. Therefore, to show our concern to the victims, a great number of students in our school took part in the donation
50、 activity held in our library. It started from eight oclock and lasted two hours. In the end, 35, 000 yuan was collected and given to the Red Cross in our city. We were very glad to give our pocket money away. By Li Hua, School Newspaper1. 话题词汇(1)benefit使受益(2)experience 经历(3)promote提高; 促进(4)get clos
51、e to 接近(5)take part in/participate in参加(6)as soon as possible尽快地(7)on the spot在现场(8)cover all the major games报道所有重要赛事(9)try to look for the witness尽力寻找见证人(10)interview sb. live现场采访某人2. 话题句式(1)导语部分In order to encourage the students to get close to nature, our school organized a moutain-climbing activ
52、ity. 为了鼓励学生走近大自然, 我们学校组织了一次登山活动。Thanks to the Project Hope, great changes have taken place in this western country school. 多亏了希望工程, 西部的这所乡村学校发生了巨大的变化。(2)主体部分At 8: 00, we gathered on the foot of the hill. 八点我们在山脚下集合。To solve the problem, some measures should be taken. 为了解决这个问题, (我们)应该采取一些措施。(3)结束部分We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。Apart from knowledge, we also learned to cooperate with each other and came to realize the importance of teamwork. 除了知识, 我们也学会了相互合作, 并逐渐意识到合作的重要性。
