1、（新高考）湖北省襄阳五中2021届高三英语下学期第一次模拟试题（含解析）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮檫干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在打题卡上，写在试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给
2、的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1 What dose the man like about the play？A. The story. B. The ending. C. The actor.2. Which place are the speakers trying to find？A. A hotel.B. A bank.C. A restaurant.3. At what time wi
3、ll the two speakers meet？A.5：20. B.5：10. C.4：40.4. what will the man do？A. Change the plan.B. Wait for a phone call.C. Sort things out.5. What does the woman want to do？A. See a film with the man.B. Offer the man some help.C. Listen to some great music.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题
4、中所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.6. Where is Ben？A. In the kitchen.B. At school.C. In the park.7. What will the children do in the aftrenoon？A. Help set the table.B. Have a party.C. Do their homework.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题.8. What are the t
5、wo speakers talking about？A. A family holiday.B. A business trip.C. A travel plan.9. Where did Rachel go？A. Spain.B. Italy.C. China.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.10. How did the woman get to know about thirdhand smoke？A. From young smokers.B. From a newspaper article.C. From some smoking parents11. Why does the
6、man say that he should keep away from babies？A. He has just become a father.B. He wears dirty clothes.C. He is a smoker.12. What does the woman suggest smoking parents should do？A. Stop smoking altogether.B. Smoke only outside their houses.C. Reduce dangerous matter in cigarettes.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.13
7、. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant？A. Where the restaurant is.B. Whether the prices are low.C. How well the food is prepared.14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine？A. After he came back to Sweden.B. Before he went to the United States.C. As soon as he got his
8、 first job in 1982.15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant？A. Talk to people in the street.B. Speak to taxi drivers.C. Ask hotel clerks.16. What do we know about Jan？A. He cooks for a restaurant.B. He travels a lot for his work.C. He prefers American food.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.17. What do we know
9、about the Plaza Leon？A. Its a new building.B. Its a small town.C. Its a public place.18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon？A. Saturday nights.B. Sunday afternoonsC. Fridays and Saturdays.19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets？A. Via del Mar Street.B. Fernand
10、o Street.C. Hernandes Street.20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best？A. It has an old stone surface.B. It is named after a writer.C. It has a famous university.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADear students and employees(员工) of RWTH,Based on re
11、cent decisions by the state government on Covid-19 lockdown( 封 城 ), the Management Committee of RWTH have decided on the following measures:Studying and teaching:All in-person classroom teaching activities (especially lab courses written examinations, and exam revision) will be stopped in the period
12、 from December 16, 2020 to January 10, 2021. If possible and reasonable, teachers can offer online teaching during this time instead. We would also advise strongly the exam committee to find ways that help students with their degree programs.All network teaching and exams that have already been plan
13、ned will continue during this time.Service operations:In the period from December 16, 2020 to January 10, 2021, all employees who can work from home must do so, even if this causes quality losses.For the period from December 21, 2020 to January 8, 2021, we have made further offers for service operat
14、ions and vacation arrangements.If employees have questions about the organization of working hours and childcare, the human resources departments will be happy to help. The state government has also said it will provide help for this group of employees.The Management Committee of RWTH has taken the
15、above measures based on the following rules: All measures are designed to reduce the possibilities of infection( 感 染 ) even more (for example, by reducing the need to take transportation).The Management Committee calls on all students, employees, and managers to fully obey the measures that have bee
16、n made.Best regards.Head of the Management Committee of RWTH1. When may the email be written?A. On December 14, 2020B. On January 10, 2021C. On January 8, 2021D. On December 21, 20202. What is most probably RWTH?A. A universityB. A programC. A courseD. A state3. What can we learn from the text ?A. A
17、ll the teaching activities will be stopped from December 16, 2020 to January 10, 2021including teaching on the Internet.B. All the measures are taken in order to cut down the number of infection as much as possible.C. Workers must work in the campus if the measures cause quality losses.D. All exams
18、that have been planned before will not be held during the lockdown.【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是一封书信。文章主要说明了疫情期间学校在研究和教学领域以及服务运营方面需要做出的一些具体措施。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“All in-person classroom teaching activities (especially lab courses, written examinations, and exam revision) will be stopped in the perio
19、d from December 16, 2020 to January 10, 2021.（2020年12月16日至2021年1月10日期间，所有课堂教学活动（特别是实验室课程、笔试和考试复习）将停止。）”可判断，本文是一则电子邮件通知，写在2020年12月16日之前。故选A项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章开头“Dear students and employees(员工) of RWTH,(尊敬的RWTH师生们：)”和第二段“If possible and reasonable, teachers can offer online teaching during this time in
20、stead. We would also advise strongly the exam committee to find ways that help students with their degree programs.（如果可能和合理的话，教师可以在这段时间提供在线教学。我们也强烈建议考试委员会找到帮助学生完成学位课程的方法。）”可推测，RWTH指的是一所大学。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The Management Committee of RWTH has taken the above measures based on the following
21、rules: All measures are designed to reduce the possibilities of infection even more (for example, by reducing the need to take transportation).（RWTH管理委员会根据以下规则采取了上述措施：所有措施都是为了进一步减少感染的可能性(例如，通过减少交通的需要)。）”可知，所有的措施都是为了尽可能的减少感染的数量。故选B项。BWhen I was first married to my wife, I lived and worked in Ontario,
22、 moving from small town to big city as I pursued my career as a radio broadcaster. We have two sons, both of whom were born in Toronto, but they moved, with us, to Ottawa when they were quite young. They grew up there, and then, chasing their own careers, they also moved. One went to Canadas east co
23、ast near a city called Halifax and the other headed to the west coast to Vancouver. We had a dilemma; we were left in the middle.At the time I was still working and my job was in Ottawa. However, as we began to consider retirement we wondered where we should spend our final years. We couldnt be clos
24、e to both of our children and there was no telling when they might again relocate. For several reasons we settled on a small town on Vancouver Island. At least we were close to one of them. However, he had his sights set on Hollywood and, when an opportunity presented itself, he left Canada and head
25、ed south. I helped him move.So, there we were, and still are, in our little west coast town. We love our little corner of paradise but we have paid a price. We have not been there for some important events such as the births of two of our grandchildren. We have missed watching each of them grow up;
26、we have missed the normal, noisy households that have young people in them. Our home, while very comfortable, is also very quiet.Every fall we travel to see the children. We usually fly, first to California to see our son Scott and spend a week or more with him trying to catch up on everything weve
27、missed. Then, usually in November, we make the even longer trip east across Canada to see Travis and our grandchildren, who are now teenagers, actually into their twenties. They seldom come to visit us. The distances are just too great and it is costly.Fortunately, both our boys are doing well and o
28、ur grandchildren are growing up straight and tall. We love all of them and we are secure in the knowledge that they love us but the reality is that they dont need us. We have done our jobs and, at least in theory, we can sit back, relax and enjoy the time remaining to us. They have also missed havin
29、g a set of parents and grandparents around.Life has been good for our family but we have all paid a price.4. What does the author mean by saying “We had a dilemma.”?A. They were not happy about their sons absence.B. They were unwilling to separate from their sons.C. They were not yet prepared for re
30、tirement at that time.D. They couldnt decide which son to live close to.5. Why does the author say they have paid a price?A. They have lost lots of money because of his retirement.B. They have to give a large sum of money to their sons.C. They have been absent from their childrens life.D. They have
31、to afford very expensive fare to visit their sons.6. Why do not the authors grandchildren visit them regularly?A. They are quite occupied with their homework.B. Its not easy for the kids to visit their grandparents.C. They dont need their grandparents any more.D. The weather of winter in Canada is v
32、ery awful.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Grandparents LoveB. Suffering SeparationC. A Price to PayD. Hidden Emotions【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。作者一家人忙于追求各自的事业，因此不能相互陪伴。作者认为，虽然生活很幸福，但是陪伴的缺席是一种付出的代价。【4题详解】句意猜测题。根据第一段“One went to Canadas east coast near a city called Halifax and
33、the other headed to the west coast to Vancouver. We had a dilemma; we were left in the middle.”（一个去了加拿大东海岸附近一个叫哈利法克斯的城市，另一个去了西海岸温哥华。我们进退两难；我们被夹在中间。）及第二段“We couldnt be close to both of our children and there was no telling when they might again relocate. ”（我们无法与两个孩子都近距离接触，也不知道他们什么时候会再次搬迁。）推测，作者说自己进退两
34、难是想离孩子近一点，但又不知道选择哪一个。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ We have not been there for some important events such as the births of two of our grandchildren. We have missed watching each of them grow up; we have missed the normal, noisy households that have young people in them.”（一些重要的事情，比如我们两个孙子的出生，我们都没有去那里。我们错过
35、了看着他们每个人成长的时光；我们怀念家里有小孩子的正常、吵闹的家庭生活。）可以推测，作者认为他们付出了代价是因为他们没有参与到孩子们的生活中。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They seldom come to visit us. The distances are just too great and it is costly.”（他们很少来看我们。距离太远，成本太高。）可知，作者的孙辈不能经常来拜访他们是因为不方便，不容易。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“We love our little corner of paradise but we have
36、 paid a price.”（我们都爱我们自己的小天堂，但我们已经付出了代价。）及最后一段“Life has been good for our family but we have all paid a price.”（我们家的生活很好，但我们都付出了代价。）并结合全文内容可知，作者认为自己和孩子的家庭都幸福，但是缺少了相互的陪伴，因此，是一种不得不付出的代价。A Price to Pay（付出的代价）符合全文故事主旨。故选C项。CAbout 12 million tons of plastic wastes are entering the oceans every year. This
37、 garbage pollutes the water, kills wildlife and breaks down into small pieces that fish and other creatures eat.Now a group of Spanish fishermen will receive economic support to catch plastics. It is part of a new project. Carlos Martin is one of the fishermen taking part in the project. He and his
38、partners collect the plastic in the ocean and bring it back to land every week. Martin thinks rivers carry a lot of plastics to the sea. He says his most concern is no more than that the plastics often get caught in the nets, which makes nets not work properly. They take on mud（泥）, causing the nets
39、to break because they weigh so much.Under the new programs, one million pounds will support ocean cleanup efforts for fishermen like Martin. The money is coming from the European Union and the Catalan government. Sergi Tudela, the General Director of Catalonia Fisheries, is responsible for the clean
40、up project. He said, We are hopeful that if we are successful in this project, we can apply it to other areas in the Mediterranean（地中海）.Government reports show that the amount of plastic wastes washing up along the Spanish coastline has grown by 65 percent in just six years. Fishing equipment makes
41、up a large part of the about 8 to 12 million tons of plastics left in the worlds oceans every year.Martin says the fishing community now understands how big the problem is. He says, In the past we didnt see it that way. We took the plastic garbage and threw it back into the water. I think that after
42、 a few year here we have realized the problem. Nothing is thrown into the water; we collect everything and bring it to shore.8. What worries Martin most about plastic wastes at the beginning?A. They pollute the sea environment.B. They affect the quality and taste of fish.C. They prevent the fishing
43、nets from working well.D. They kill wildlife and reduce his fishing amount.9. What does Sergi Tudela probably consider doing?A. Getting more money to support the project.B. Getting help from other European countries.C. Spreading the cleanup project to more places.D. Praising the European Union for t
44、heir helping to the oceans.10 What do Martins words in the last paragraph imply（暗示）about the fishing community?A. Its members do a lot of work for free.B. It has stopped using plastic fishing equipment.C. It has made positive changes to fight plastic wastes.D. Its members find people sill throw the
45、garbage carelessly.11. What would be the best title for the text?A. New programs are changing fishermens lifeB. Money is given to Spanish fishermen to clean up oceansC. Traditional fishing equipment causes a lot of plastic wastesD. Spanish fishermen are encouraging people to clean up oceans【答案】8. C
46、9. C 10. C 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。西班牙渔民将获得一些经济补助，以帮助他们清理海洋中的塑料垃圾。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“He says his most concern is no more than that the plastics often get caught in the nets, which makes nets not work properly. They take on mud（泥）, causing the nets to break because they weigh so much.”（ 他说，他最关心的不过是渔网会经常
47、兜住塑料，使网不能正常工作。它们沾着泥浆，破坏渔网，因为它们太重了。）可知，起初Martin最担心的是塑料垃圾使渔网无法正常工作。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Sergi Tudela 说的话“We are hopeful that if we are successful in this project, we can apply it to other areas in the Mediterranean（地中海）.”（我们希望，如果这个项目取得成功，我们可以将其应用到地中海其他地区。）可知，Sergi Tudela可能会考虑将清理工作扩展到更多的地方。故选C项。【10题详
48、解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Martin说的话“Nothing is thrown into the water; we collect everything and bring it to shore.”（没有任何东西被扔进水里；我们把所有的东西都收集起来，带上岸。）可知，Martin的话暗示了，对于消灭塑料垃圾，他们已经做出了许多积极的变化。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“Now a group of Spanish fishermen will receive economic support to catch plastics.”（现在，一群西班牙渔民将得
49、到捕捞塑料的经济支持。）可知，本文主要讲述了西班牙渔民获得一些经济上的补助，以帮助他们清理海洋中的塑料垃圾。选项B“西班牙渔民会得到钱来清理海洋”紧贴主题，清楚地说明了人物和事件，适合做标题。故选B项。DIts possible to admire Oprah Winfrey and still wish Harvard hadnt awarded her an honorary doctor of law degree and the commencement speaker spot at yesterdays graduation. Theres no question Oprahs a
50、chievements place her in the temple of American success stories. Talent, charm, and an exceptional work ethic have rarely hurled anyone as far as they have this former abused teenage mother from rural Mississippi who became one of the worlds most successful entertainment icons and the first African-
51、American female billionaire.Honorary degrees are often conferred on non-academic leaders in the arts, business, and politics. Harvards list in recent years has included Kofi fi Annan, Bill Gates, Meryl Streep, and David Souter. But Oprahs particular brand of celebrity is not a good fit for the value
52、s of a university whose motto, Veritas, means truth. Oprahs passionate advocacy extends, unfortunately, to a hearty embrace of fake science. Most notoriously, Oprahs validation of Jenny McCarthys claim that vaccines cause autism has no doubt contributed to much harm through the foolish avoidance of
53、vaccines.Famous people are entitled to a few failings, like the rest of us. And the choice of commencement speakers often reflects a balance of institutional priorities and aspirations. Judging from our conversations with many students, Oprah was a widely popular choice.But this vote of confidence i
54、n Oprah sends a troubling message at precisely the time when American universities need to do more to advance the cause of reason. As former Dean of Harvard College, Harry Lewis, noted in a blog post about his objections. “It seems very odd for Harvard to honor such a high profile popularizer of the
55、 irrational at a time when political and religious nonsense so jeopardize the rule of reason in this allegedly enlightened democracy and around the world.”As Americas oldest and most visible university, Harvard has a special opportunity to convey its respect for science not only through its research
56、 and teaching programs but also in its public affirmation of evidence-based inquiry.Unfortunately, many American universities seem awfully busy protecting their brand name and not nearly busy enough protecting the pursuit of knowledge. A recent article in The Harvard Crimson noted the shocking growt
57、h of Harvards public relations arm in the last five years and it questioned whether a focus on risk management and avoiding controversy was really the best outward-looking face of this great institution.As American research universities begin to resemble profit centers and entertainment complexes, i
58、ts easy to lose sight of their primary mission: to produce and spread knowledge. This mission depends on traditions of rational discourse and vigorous defense of the scientific method. Oprah Winfreys honorary doctorate was a step in the wrong direction.12. What do we learn about Oprah Winfrey from t
59、he passage?A. She was a distinguished graduate of Harvard School of Law.B. She worked her way to success in the entertainment industry.C. She used to abuse her children when she was a young mother.D. She achieved her fame through persistent advocacy of fake science.13. Why does the author think it i
60、nappropriate for Harvard to confer an honorary degree on Oprah Winfrey?A. She did not specialize in the study of law.B. She was known as a supporter of fake science.C. She was an icon of the entertainment industryD. She had not distinguished herself academically.14. What is the authors regret about
61、many American universities?A They show inadequate respect for evidence-based inquiry.B. They fall short of expectations in teaching and research.C. They all attach too much importance to public relations.D. They are tolerant of political and religious nonsense.15. What does the author think a presti
62、gious university like Harvard should focus on?A. Cultivation of student creativity.B. Defense of the scientific method.C. Liberation of the human mind.D. Pursuit of knowledge and truth.【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章中作者认为，哈佛不应该授予奥普拉温弗瑞荣誉学位，因为她被认为是假科学的支持者。指出如今美国的大学过于注重公共关系，忽视了它们的主要使命：对知
63、识和真理的追求。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“this former abused teenage mother from rural Mississippi who became one of the worlds most successful entertainment icons and the first African-American female billionaire. (这位来自密西西比乡下、曾经因为遭受性侵而十几岁就当了妈妈的女性，现如今已成为世界上最成功的娱乐圈偶像之一，并成为第一位美籍非裔女亿万富翁)”可知，奥普拉温弗瑞通过努力在娱乐界取得了成功。故选B。【
64、13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“But Oprahs particular brand of celebrity is not a good fit for the values of a university whose motto, Veritas, means truth. Oprahs passionate advocacy extends, unfortunately, to a hearty embrace of fake science. Most notoriously, Oprahs validation of Jenny McCarthys claim that va
65、ccines cause autism has no doubt contributed to much harm through the foolish avoidance of vaccines.(但是奥普拉独特的名气与这所以真理为校训的大学的价值观并不相符。很不幸，Oprah激情的倡议演变成了对伪科学的真心拥护。最臭名昭著的一件事是她认同Jenny McCarthy“疫苗会导致自闭症”的理论，这让人们愚蠢地逃避疫苗接种，无疑产生了极大危害)”可知，作者认为由于Oprah曾经拥护伪科学，和哈佛大学的校训极不相称，因此授予她荣誉学位很不妥当。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“
66、Unfortunately, many American universities seem awfully busy protecting their brand name and not nearly busy enough protecting the pursuit of knowledge. A recent article in The Harvard Crimson noted the shocking growth of Harvards public relations arm in the last five years and it questioned whether
67、a focus on risk management and avoiding controversy was really the best outward-looking face of this great institution. (不幸的是，许多美国大学似乎忙于保护自己的品牌，而对追求知识的追求却远远不够。哈佛深红报最近发表的一篇文章指出，哈佛公共关系部门在过去五年中增长惊人，专注风险管理、避免争议是否真的是这所伟大学府最好的对外形象？)”可知，作者在为美国大学用过多精力处理公共关系感到遗憾。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As American research
68、universities begin to resemble profit centers and entertainment complexes, its easy to lose sight of their primary mission: to produce and spread knowledge. (随着美国的研究型大学开始变得像利润中心和娱乐场所，它们很容易忽视自己的主要使命：生产并传播知识)”可知，作者认为像哈佛这样的名校应该关注对知识和真理的追求。故选D。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两
69、项为多余选项.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 EmpathyLast year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years._16_Today, people spend more time alone and are less likel
70、y to join groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and youre showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect._17_There are good reasons not to follow those ba
71、d examples. Humans are socially related by nature._18_Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many t
72、op companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers._19_“Academics are important. But if you dont have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you wont be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.Whats the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, l
73、et down your guard and really listen to others._20_To really develop empathy, youd better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.A. Everyone is differ
74、ent, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.B. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.C. “One doesnt develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says.D. Humans learn by exampleand most of the
75、examples on it are anything but empathetic.E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone elseboth what they think and how they feel.F. Good social skillsincluding empathyare a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.G. Having relationships wit
76、h other people is an important part of being humanand having empathy is decisive to those relationships.【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. C【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章指出现在人们的同理心在急剧下降，分析了下降的原因并讲述了同理心的重要性和如何培养同理心。【16题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：在过去的十年里在大学生中理解他人的能力在急剧下降；空后的意思是：今天人们花更多的时间单独相处而很少参加社团。B项（研究者说，那可能是因为许多人用视频代替
77、了面聊。）与上下文一致，说明了原因。故选B。【17题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：打开电视机你看到的都是一些人互相竞争，互相争斗，没有互相尊重；所以D项（人们通过这些例子学习大多数这些例子什么都有就是没有同理心）是对上文的总结。故选D。【18题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：人类是和自然密切相关的。空后的意思是：研究者发现有同理心的青少年会有更高的自我尊重。G项（和其他人保持关系是成为人的很重要的一部分，拥有同理心对那些关系很重要。）与上下文一致。故选G。【19题详解】 考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：实际上，Freed说许多顶级公司报告说同理心也是他们寻找经理
78、的一个重要的部分。F项（好的社会技能包括同理心，这种情感智力能使你在生活的许多方面都取得很大的成功。）是对上文的说明。故选F。【20题详解】考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：对于初学者来说，放下防护，倾听他人。下文是发展同理心的具体做法，C项（一个人不会因为有很多观点，说了很多话而产生同理心。）与上下文一致。故选C。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。I grew up in an age of delayed satisfact
79、ion, when I had to wait for everything.The mail came once a day, and I can still recall the _21_ of expecting the Mad magazine or some cheap items I had _22_. Classic movies were shown on television, and one could learn about them a week _23_ from TV Guide. And of course, one had to be at home at th
80、e _24_ time to watch them. And then the banks did business on weekdays only. They opened at 9 a.m. and closed at 4 p.m.Such was the world as recently as in the 1970s. Everything seemed to operate on a _25_ order. This was the way things worked, and it was all we knew. And then, _26_ overnight, every
81、thing changed. It suddenly seemed as if we never had to be anywhere at an arranged time, because everything was _27_ all the time. But rather than being _28_ by what we have gained, I am gently disturbed by what was lost. Having to wait for almost, everything meant living a life in _29_ moving. When
82、 one must follow _30_, fixed schedules, one has no choice but to wait. In this way the virtue of _31_ is preferred.The changed times, on the other hand, have encouraged a constant sense of urgency, which is ironic (讽刺的): If we have anything we want anytime we want it, shouldnt we be less _32_? The a
83、nswer is that an “on demand” lifestyle has created an _33_ for speed. If I can have something this fast, why cant we have it faster?And so, on this hot day, as a gentle form of _34_ against the demands of a hurried age, I went to the supermarket and bought three fresh lemons. Diligently, carefully a
84、nd with no sense of needing to be anywhere else or do anything else, I _35_ them into a tall glass. Then I filled the glass with cold water, ice, and a teaspoon of sugar. Fresh lemonade in hand, I went outside, sat in my lawn chair, and looked out over the river. I sipped (抿一口).21. A. shockB. annoya
85、nceC. thrillD. despair22. A. requiredB. deservedC. soughtD. ordered23. A. in vainB. in reliefC. in orderD. in advance24. A. appointedB. savedC. impressedD. left25. A. dullB. strictC. looseD. stubborn26. A. seeminglyB. regularlyC. graduallyD. increasingly27. A. profitableB. avoidableC. availableD. co
86、ntrollable28. A. determinedB. connectedC. directedD. pleased29. A. slowerB. fasterC. weakerD. happier30. A. casualB. abruptC. consistentD. limited31. A. efficiencyB. patienceC. thoughtD. effort32. A. disappointedB. hurriedC. boredD. relaxed33. A. hatredB. imaginationC. possibilityD. appetite34. A. u
87、rgeB. replyC. protestD. support35. A. squeezedB. draggedC. pushedD. forces【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者享受慢节奏生活的乐趣而不喜欢现在这种快节奏的生活方式，他认为“随需应变”的生活方式让我们失去了耐心这种品质。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都有一封邮件寄来，我仍然记得期待着那本疯狂杂志或是我订的一些便宜货的
88、那种兴奋。A. shock震惊；B. annoyance恼怒；C. thrill兴奋；D. despair绝望。由上文的“I grew up in an age of delayed satisfaction, when I had to wait for everything.”可知，作者成长在需要等待一切，一个延迟满足的时代，所以期待东西到来时，作者的心是兴奋雀跃的。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天都有一封邮件寄来，我仍然记得期待着那本疯狂杂志或是我订的一些便宜货的那种兴奋。A. required需要；B. deserved值得；C. sought寻找；D. order
89、ed订购。由上文的“the Mad magazine or some cheap items”可知，疯狂杂志或一些便宜货是需要订购/购买的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：经典电影在电视上播放，人们可以提前一周从电视指南了解它们。A. in vain徒劳；B. in relief鲜明地；C. in order井然有序；D. in advance提前。由上文的“Classic movies were shown on television”和下文的“TV Guide”可知，经典电影是在电视上播放的，但从电视指南上可提前一周了解。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当
90、然，一个人必须在指定的时间在家里看电影。A. appointed指定的；B. saved保存的；C. impressed有深刻的好印象；D. left左边的。由常识和下文的“an arranged time”可知，20世纪70年代在家里用电视看电影，是要在指定播放时间才能看的。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切似乎都在严格的秩序下运作。A. dull沉闷的；B. strict严格的；C. loose轻松的；D. stubborn顽固的。由上文语境可知，一个人在家里看电影要在指定播放时间才能看，银行只在工作日做生意，它们早上9点开门，下午4点关门，很有规律，一切都是按严格的秩
91、序进行。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，似乎一夜之间，一切都变了。A. seemingly看似；B. regularly有规律地；C. gradually渐渐地；D. increasingly越来越多地。由上文的“20世纪70年代的世界一切都是按严格的秩序进行”和下文的“It suddenly seemed as if we never had to be anywhere at an arranged time”可知，以前事情按严格的秩序进行，现在突然就不需要约定时间去任何地方了，于作者而言，好像似乎一夜之间，一切都变了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意
92、：突然间，我们似乎从来没有必要在约定的时间去任何地方，因为所有的东西都是随时可用的。A. profitable有利润的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. available有空的、可获得的；D. controllable可控的。由上文语境可知，作者发现似乎一夜之间，一切都变了，大家不需要约定时间做事情了，因为所有的东西人们随时都可以获得。故选C项。【28题详解】考查语境理解。句意：但是，我并没有为我们所获得的感到高兴，而是对我们失去的东西感到轻微地不安。A. determined坚定的；B. connected有联系的；C. directed指导；D. pleased高兴的。But表转折
93、，前后句意义不一致，后文讲“gently disturbed（轻微地不安）”，说明作者获得了需要的东西，也并不高兴。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎要等待，一切都意味着生活在缓慢的移动中。A. slower更慢的；B. faster更快的；C. weaker更弱的；D. happier更快乐的。由上文的“Having to wait for almost”可知，几乎都要等待，等待则意味着慢。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一个人必须遵循一致、固定的时间表时，他别无选择，只能等待。A. casual随意的；B. abrupt突然的；C. consiste
94、nt一致的；D. limited有限的。由下文的“fixed schedules”可知，固定的时间表代表着一种一致性。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，耐心是最好的美德。A. efficiency效率；B. patience耐心；C. thought想法；D. effort努力。由上文语境可知，当人必须遵循一致性时，他别无选择，只能等待，什么都不能干，而此时等待就是美德。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，变化的时代鼓励了一种持续的紧迫感，这是讽刺的：如果我们有任何想要的东西，我们随时都可以获得，我们不应该变得不那么匆忙吗？A. disapp
95、ointed失望的；B. hurried匆忙的；C. bored厌倦的；D. relaxed放松的。由上文的“If we have anything we want anytime we want it”可知，任何时候都可以获得想要的任何东西，说明人们随时都可以获得想要的东西，就不需要约定时间，也没必要那么匆忙了。故选B项。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：答案是“随需应变”的生活方式产生了对速度的渴望。A. hatred憎恨；B. imagination想象；C. possibility可能性；D. appetite强烈欲望。由下文的“If I can have something thi
96、s fast, why cant we have it faster?”可知，人们拥有了快的东西，那么就会想要更快的东西，这是对速度的渴望。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，在这个炎热的日子里，作为对匆忙时代的要求的温和抗议，我去超市买了三个新鲜的柠檬。A. urge催促；B. reply回答；C. protest抗议；D. support支持。由下文语境可知，在这个匆忙的时代，作者原本可以直接买一杯柠檬水喝，然而作者却去超市买柠檬自己花功夫做柠檬水（这是慢生活的表现），说明作者对匆忙时代提出了温和的抗议。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我孜孜不倦，小心翼翼
97、地把他们挤到一个高高的玻璃杯里，没必要到别的地方去，也不需要做任何其他的事情。A. squeezed挤压；B. dragged拖曳；C. pushed推；D. forces迫使。由上下文语境可知，作者买柠檬是为了做柠檬水，此处指作者把柠檬汁挤入一个玻璃杯里。故选A项。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The university of Birmingham, UK, announces that it will accept the Gaokao exam for high-flying Chinese s
98、tudents _36_(wish) to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students _37_ complete the National Higher Education Entrance Examination, or Gaokao, with top grades can apply for direct entry into Birmingham degree programmes _38_ first completing a foundation year.Gaokao, which _39_(hold
99、) across China in early June, is _40_(increase) accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language _41_(require).Professor Jon Fr
100、ampton, Director of the University of Birminghams China Institute said, “I am _42_(delight) that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the _43_(bright) and best Chinese students. _44_ opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the
101、 benefits of studying at a _45_(globe) Top 100 university.【答案】36. wishing 37. who 38. without 39. is held 40. increasingly 41. requirements 42. delighted 43. brightest 44. An 45. global【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是关于中国高考被越来越多的国外大学承认的事情。【36题详解】考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：英国伯明翰大学宣布，2019年将接受中国优秀学生的高考。此处是现在分词作后置定语，修饰学生，表示
102、希望在伯明翰接受本科教育的学生，学生与希望是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故填wishing。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：以优异成绩完成全国高等教育入学考试(National Higher Education Entrance Examination，简称高考)的高中生，无需先完成预科课程，就可以申请直接进入伯明翰的学位课程。此处High school students是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填who。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：以优异成绩完成全国高等教育入学考试(National Higher Education Entrance Examination，简称高考)的
103、高中生，无需先完成预科课程，就可以申请直接进入伯明翰的学位课程。介词without后面跟动名词作宾语，再根据第一句伯明翰大学承认中国高考成绩，所以无需先完成预科课程，故填without。【39题详解】考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：6月初在中国各地举行的高考，越来越多地被澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲大陆所接受。此处指目前的一种客观事实，且定语从句的主语which（Gaokao）和hold之间是一种被动关系，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填is held。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：6月初在中国各地举行的高考，越来越多地被澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲大陆所接受。此处accepted是动
104、词，由副词来修饰，故填increasingly。【41题详解】考查名词复数。句意：伯明翰只会考虑那些在高考中取得至少80%的高分，并满足额外的学术和英语要求的高质量学生。要求不止一个，此处用名词复数，故填requirements。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：我很高兴这所大学现在接受高考。be delighted意为“感到高兴”，故填delighted。【43题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这给了最聪明、最优秀的中国学生。根据the和best可知，此处用形容词最高级，故填brightest。【44题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：有机会直接进入我们的本科课程的第一年，体验在全球百强大学学习的好处。
105、此处表示泛指，且opportunity是以元音音素开头，故填An。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：有机会直接进入我们的本科课程的第一年，体验在全球百强大学学习的好处。此处用形容词修饰名词，故填global。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词High school students，再分析先行词High school students在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词High school students带到从句中可知，只能作主语，故确定关系词为who。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（
106、满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：1. 学校的体育场馆；2. 主要的运动项目；3. 你喜欢的项目。注意：1. 词数100左右：2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Peter, I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a
107、 rough sketch.To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me
108、, Im intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.Yours, Li Hua【解析】【详解】本题作文为提纲式作文，形式依然是书信，即给英国朋友Peter介绍学校体育运动情况，属于学校生活话题。这一话题贴合学生生活的实际，学生并不陌生，有话可说。首先可以介绍学校的体育场馆，场馆的
109、位置，大小，开放时间等等。然后简要介绍学校主要开设的体育项目有哪些，可挑选一到两个做详细介绍，如学生的活动时间，活动形式，以及此类活动的好处等。再次简要分析自己喜欢的体育项目是什么，并简单分析喜欢的原因，自己从中得到的益处等。文章可主要采用一般现在时态，第一人称的方式来写。第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。I looked out at the smiling faces packed into the school hall. Flashes from cameras lit up in all d
110、irections. The applause filled my ears. I had done it. I had really done it.Just a few months earlier, I would never have pictured myself acting in a play in front of two hundred people.Not for a million dollars, I would have said. But when the time came, I got up on stage and faced one of my greate
111、st fears-and discovered I could do more than I ever gave myself credit for. I found a new person inside me, a much more daring, outgoing person who had been hidden all along, just waiting for the opportunity to appear.If not for my teacher, Mrs Sather, I might never have found that opportunity.In th
112、e first and second grade, I was extremely shy. I had friends, but it just wasnt in my personality to be very outgoing, even when I knew someone well. I was afraid I would do or say something wrong, so usually I just smiled and listened to other peoples conversations. I did well in school and I loved
113、 to write. However, I would escape into my writing, where I could be myself and never had to worry about what other people thought of me. In my stories, I was never shy.My teacher, Mrs Sather, always encouraged me to write more. She told our class to go after our dreams and dig in with both hands. I
114、 think she was one of the first people to see my inner strength. One day, she announced that our class was going to perform a play she had written. Ill begin to cast everyone tomorrow, she said. I need someone who is not afraid to be on stage in front of a lot of people to play the lead part of Doro
115、thy. Anybody want to try? A few excited hands shot up-mine, of course, was not one of them-and Mrs Sather smiled. Well talk more about it tomorrow, she said. Then the bell rang and my classmates slowly left the classroom.Paragraph 1:When I was loading up my backpack, Mrs Sather asked me to go to her
116、._Paragraph 2:Hearing Mrs Sathers words,I realized it was time to make a change._【答案】When I was loading up my backpack, Mrs. Sather asked me to go to her. Mrs. Sather stared into my eyes as if seeing my inner self locked away inside. I would love you to give this a try for me. But if you really dont
117、 want to, I wont make you. It is your choice. Mrs. Sather wanted me in this role. She shocked me, for I was always a shy person, not even dare to speak loud in public.Hearing Mrs Sathers words, I realized it was time to make a change. I decided to throw off my shy cloak. I wanted to prove that I als
118、o could do something good in public. After seconds of hesitation, I nodded my head, confidently saying Mrs Sather I want to, no, I am determined to paly the role. And I will try my best to perform it well. Looking at me with a big smile on face, Mrs Sather said I believe in you. If you met some prob
119、lem, you can turn to me. Thank you! I left her office happily.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读后续写。文章主要讲述了作者是一个很害羞的人，从来没有想过自己会在两百人面前表演。可以一天萨瑟老师却让她去表演主角，她很害怕，但最后说服自己同意参加演出。经过自己的努力，她终于成功地进行了表演。【详解】续写分为两段，第一段的开头是：当我背上书包时，萨瑟老师让我去她办公室，所以可以接着写：萨瑟老师看着我的眼睛，好像看到了我被锁在里面的内心。“我想让你为我去试一试，但如果你真的不想去，我也不想强迫你。这是你自己的选择。”萨瑟老师想让我去演这个角色，这让
120、我很震惊，因为我一直都是一个害羞的人，甚至不敢在公开场合大声说话。第二段的开头是：听了萨瑟老师的话，我意识到是时候做出改变了。我决定脱掉害羞的斗篷。我想证明我也可以在公开场合把事情做好。犹豫片刻后，我点了头，自信地说：“萨瑟老师，我想，不，我决定扮演这个角色，并且我会尽全力把它表演好。”面带微笑地看着我，萨瑟老师说：“我相信你，如果有什么问题，你尽管来找我。”“谢谢你！”我开心地离开了她的办公室。续写时要注意时态，续写内容要符合人物特点和逻辑。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高级表达，例如：I wanted to prove that I also could do something good in public.中that引导宾语从句；Looking at me with a big smile on face, Mrs Sather said I believe in you. If you met some problem, you can turn to me.中使用了现在分词短语作状语。
