1、Section Developing ideasThe Importance of HumourHumour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years.There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece， and medieval writings are filled with jokes.1While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then, their aut
2、hors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.1本句为复合句。While引导让步状语从句。主句中含有that引导的宾语从句，not only .but also .连接并列谓语。Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American wr
3、iter, Mark Twain.Twains particular style of writing is funny and often mischievous.For example, in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he famously says, “Writing is easy.2All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.”But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday i
4、nteractions with people.For instance, while on a lecturing tour of the United States, Twain went into a barbers shop to get a haircut and a shave.The barber, not recognising him, asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.When Twain replied that he didnt, the barber told him that if he wanted to go to
5、the event he would have to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre.Twains response was, “Thats just my luck.I always have to stand when that fellow lectures！”2All作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略不定式符号to。Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, Lin Yutang was soon to become fa
6、mous for his unique brand of humour.A wellknown bilingual writer， Lin brought the concept of humour to modern Chinese literature.In 1924, he creatively borrowed “youmo” from Ancient Chinese as the translation for the English word “humour”“Youmo” is still being used in this way today.Lins quick wit h
7、elped make him famous as a master of humour.3Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.Thinking on his feet， Lin started to tell a story about a cruel Roman emperor who tried to feed a man to wild animals.4First
8、 came a lion.The man whispered something in the lions ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.Then along came a tiger.Again, the man whispered in the tigers ear.The tiger looked shocked and hurried away.“What did you say to my animals？” said the emperor, astonished.“I told
9、 them they had to make a speech after eating me for dinner.” Lins audience roared with laughter.With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.3主句使用了被动语态，现在分词短语having been invited to dinner at a university作状语。由于invited这个动作发生在was put之前， 所以用完成式。when引导时
10、间状语从句。4本句是完全倒装句，副词First放在句首时，后面把谓语came移到主语之前。Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isnt just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world.Lin even created an equation to explain this concept：RealityDreamsHumour Wisdom.Living and working with others can
11、 sometimes be complicated， and humour makes this easier.Sharing jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together.Indeed, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.In the words of Mark Twain, “humor is mankinds greatest ble
12、ssing”读文清障essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的Ancient Greece古希腊medieval adj.中世纪的，中古时期的be filled with充满，装满not only .but also .不但而且throw light on使(某事)显得非常清楚； 使人了解(某事)emotive adj.使情绪激动的combine v使结合，使联合combine .with .把和结合起来serious message严肃的内容particular style of writing特别的写作风格mischievous adj.调皮的，淘气的classic novel经典
13、小说 cross out删除，删去(字句)witty remark机智的言论interaction n交流on a lecturing tour在巡回演讲barbers shop理发店go to the event去参加活动brand n品牌，牌子brand of风格brand of humour某种类型的幽默bilingual writer双语作家concept n概念，观念modern Chinese literature中国现代文学quick wit机智敏捷master of humour幽默大师spot n地点，处所put sb on the spot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使
14、某人难堪think on ones feet急中生智；头脑反应很快cruel adj.残忍的cruelty n残忍， 残酷；无情Roman emperor罗马皇帝 whisper v悄声说，低语hurry away匆匆离去roar v哄笑，大笑roar with laughter哄堂大笑tell off斥责，责骂illuminate v照亮，照明equation n等式，方程式complicated adj.难处理的；难懂的bring .together把聚集在一起blessing n恩赐；祝福；好事参考译文幽默的重要性数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字记载中有喜剧，笑话
15、也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，那些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。到了近现代，美国作家马克吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说汤姆索耶历险记中有一句名言：“写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。”他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票，马克吐温说没有。理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲
16、就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位了。马克吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着！”和马克吐温类似，在世界的另一端，林语堂很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。作为著名的双语作家，林语堂将幽默的概念引入了中国现代文学。1924年，他创造性地借用古汉语中的“幽默”作为英文单词“humour”的翻译。今天，“幽默”一词仍在以这种方式被人们使用。林语堂的机智使他成为了著名的幽默大师。有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。林语堂急中生智，开始讲述一个残忍的罗马皇帝要把一个人喂给野兽的故事。首先来了一头狮子，那人对狮子耳语了几句，狮子摇摇头，不高兴地走开了。
17、然后来了一只老虎，那人又对老虎耳语了几句，老虎看起来很震惊，急忙跑开了。“你对我的动物们说了什么？”皇帝惊讶地说。“我告诉它们，把我作为晚餐吃掉后，它们必须要演讲一番。”林语堂的听众们顿时哄堂大笑。通过这个小笑话，林语堂既能让大家哈哈大笑，同时也委婉地表达了对校长的不满。幽默不只能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，是一种可以用来阐明世界的工具，马克吐温和林语堂都明白这一点。林语堂甚至还创造了一个公式来解释他的理念：现实梦想幽默智慧。和其他人在一起生活和工作有时候并不是一件容易的事，而幽默可以让这些事变得更简单。一起讲笑话、一起欢笑可以使不同的个体甚至是团体凝聚在一起。事实上，有些人甚至会认为我们对
18、幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克吐温的话来说：“幽默是人类头等的幸事。” Step One：Prereading Read the short introductions to Mark Twain and Lin Yutang on Page 8 in the textbook and tell what they have in common.Both of them are great writers and they are famous for their wit.Step Two：Whilereading.Read for the main ideaWhat i
19、s the text mainly about?AMark Twain.BLin Yutang.CMedieval writings. DHumour.答案：D.Read for detailsRead the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1Which novel of Mark Twain is mentioned in the passage?AThe Million Pound Bank Note.BAdventures of Huckleberry Finn.CThe Adventures of Tom Sawyer.DT
20、he Importance of Humour.2Where did the story of Mark Twain happen?AAt a barbers shop. BAt a key university.CAt a restaurant. DAt a lecture hall.3What does the phrase “thinking on his feet” in Paragraph 4 mean?AStanding up to think for a while.BWorking out a plan quickly.CHaving quick ideas in an eme
21、rgency.DLooking for a reason to leave.4What can be inferred about the president of the university?AClever. BImpolite.CPatient. DHeartwarmed.答案：14CACBStep Three：Postreading阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Humour 1.has been (be) an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years.It could not o
22、nly entertain but also throw new light 2.on sensitive or emotive issues.Closer to modern times, someone who 3.is remembered (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is Mark Twain.But on 4.the other side of the world, Lin Yutangs quick wit helped make him famous 5. as a
23、 master of humour.Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isnt just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool 6. that can be used 7.to illuminate (illuminate) the world.8.Living (live) and working with others can sometimes be complicated, 9.and humour makes this easier.Indeed, some may argue
24、 that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.In the words of Mark Twain, “Humour is mankinds greatest 10.blessing(bless)”.重点单词1in his everyday interactions with people在他与人的日常交流中2be well known for his witty remarks 以他机智的话语而闻名3to get a haircut and a shave 去理发和刮脸4when that
25、 fellow lectures 当那个家伙演讲的时候5unique brand of humour 独特的幽默风格6the concept of humour 幽默的概念7put him on the spot 让他尴尬8whisper something in the lions ear 在狮子耳边低声说了些什么9roar with laughter 哄堂大笑10The cruel king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners.And the cruelty of the king towards the prisoners fille
26、d everyone with horror.(cruel)11Joan is as gentle a young lady as you could ever meet.Now she is holding her sleeping baby gently, singing under a tree.(gentle)12It was concluded that he didnt tell us the truth.I also came to the conclusion that he had lied to us.(conclude)掌握规律 巧记单词impress(v.使钦佩，使留下
27、深刻印象)ionimpression (n.印象)discussion 讨论possession 财产aggression 侵略cruel (adj.残忍的)tycruelty (n.残忍)certainty 确定的事情safety 安全 .重点短语1Humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on (产生新的认识) sensitive or emotive issues.2All you have to do is cross out (删掉) the wrong words.3Lin Yutang was soon to
28、 become famous for his unique brand of humour (幽默风格)4Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot (使难堪) when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.5The tiger looked shocked and hurried away (匆匆离去)6With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, wh
29、ile gently telling off (斥责) the president.典型句式1教材原句While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.句式分析not only .but also .不但而且佳句仿写She likes not only music
30、but also sports.她不但喜欢音乐而且喜欢体育运动。2教材原句All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.句式分析主语含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略to。佳句仿写All we need to do is study hard at school.我们需要做的事就是在校努力学习。3教材原句First came a lion.句式分析first, now，then等副词开头的句子常用全部倒装。 佳句仿写Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。1(教材P8)But he is equally well k
31、nown for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people.但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。remark n言论；意见，评论vt.评论，谈论(1)make a remark/comment on就发表评论(2)remark/comment on 就发表评论remark that . 评论说；主张(3)remarkable adj. 卓越的，非凡的，显著的(佳句)His remark was considered to be quite out of place, because it deepened the
32、gap between two parties and caused more conflicts.他的评论被认为是不恰当，因为它加深了两党的隔阂，导致更多的冲突。练透单句语法填空In my view, remarking on somebody else in public is impolite.The book is filled with remarkable (remark) insights.The editor remarked that the article was well written.写美补全句子When she has to make a remark/commen
33、t on others, she usually changes the topic.当她不得不评论他人的时候，她通常会改变话题。 2(教材P9)Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。spot n地点，处所；斑点；污迹vt.看见，注意到，发现(1)put sb.on the spot(提出难题)使某人尴
34、尬，使某人为难on the spot/scene 当下；在现场(2)spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事(佳句)He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.他把他当初向她求婚的确切地点指给我看。练透单句语法填空He spotted his friend talking (talk) with someone in the distance.He put me on the spot a bit because he invited me right in front of his mum a
35、nd I didnt particularly want to go.James was called to see the producer and got the job on the spot.写美补全句子More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.十多位警察来到出事地点。名师指津spot表示地点时，后面的定语从句要用where引导。3(教材P9)The man whispered something in the lions ear, after which the lion sho
36、ok its head and walked away unhappily.那人对狮子耳语了几句，狮子摇摇头，不高兴地走开了。whisper v悄声说，低语n.耳语，小声说的话(1)whisper (sth.) to sb.对某人小声说(某事)whisper (to sb.) that . (对某人)小声说It is whispered that . 有人私下说(2)in a whisper/in whispers 低声说(佳句)The sisters whispered to each other when they passed this spot.当她们走过这个地点的时候，姐妹俩相互耳语
37、。练透单句语法填空He asked a question in a whisper in case it would be heard.They stood in the passage talking about it in whispers (whisper)She whispered to me that dont speak a word at the meeting.写美补全句子It is whispered that he is heavily in debt.有人私下说他负债累累。名师指津whisper后面不能接双宾语，应该用whisper sth.to sb./whisper
38、to sb.sth.。4(教材P9) With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.通过这个小笑话，林语堂既能让大家哈哈大笑，同时也委婉地表达了对校长的不满。tell off 斥责；责骂tell sb./sth. apart区分开某人/物tell sb./sth. from sb./sth. 把与区分开tell the difference between .and . 区分和的不同tell on/upon sb./sth. 告发某人/事(佳句)I
39、 am also bossy and happy to tell off teenage boys in the street when they are misbehaving.我爱发号施令，很乐意斥责那些在街上行为不端的十几岁的男孩。练透单句语法填空The two brothers are so much alike that their own mother can hardly tell them apart.How can we tell the good from the bad?I got told (tell) off for being out too late.写美补全句子
40、I missed the lesson and John told on/upon me.我缺席了这堂课，约翰告发了我。5(教材P10)A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh.一句妙语结束了一个笑话，目的是让人们笑。 conclude v结束，终止；推论，推断出(1)conclude with以结束conclude from . 从中得出结论(2)conclusion n. 结论；推论；结尾，结束in conclusion 最后，总之，综上所述come to/arrive at/reach/draw
41、a conclusion 得出结论(佳句)The famous scientist concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.这位著名的科学家用一些有趣的话结束了他的演讲。练透单句语法填空The film concludes with the heroines death.I drew a conclusion (conclude) from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way.In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe,
42、 enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.写美补全句子He has come to/arrived at/reached/drawn a conclusion that his future depends on himself alone.他得出一个结论，自己的未来只能依靠自己。1句型公式动词不定式作表语时省略to (教材P8)All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可省略符号to。动词不定式作表语
43、时省略to的常见情况如下：(1)all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时；(2)what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时；(3)(主句)主语为the only, the first, the least或形容词最高级等或主语被这些词修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。(佳句)All you have to do is push the button and wait.你所要做的就是按下这个按钮然后等待。练透补全句子All we need to do is live each day happily.我们需要做的事就是开心地过好
44、每一天。What you must do is consider your future.你必须做的是考虑你的未来。写美翻译句子放学后他做的第一件事是完成作业。The first thing he did after school was finish his homework.2句型公式完全倒装 (教材P9)First came a lion.首先来了一头狮子。本句是完全倒装句，副词first放在句首时，后面把谓语came移到主语之前。(1)为了保持句子平衡或强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，有时需要全部倒装。(2)英语中，以below, here, there, in, out, up
45、, down, away, back, now, then等副词开头的句子，如果主语是名词，常用全部倒装。(3)表示方位的短语放在句首时，后面一般使用倒装语序。(4)当表示地点的介词词组位于句首时，为加强语气，常用全部倒装。(佳句)As she turned around, there stood her teacher.当她转过身时，她的老师站在那里。练透单句语法填空/句型转换We have to stop talking here outside.Listen, there goes (go) the bell! Hurry up, or well be late.Out he dashes to the finishing line .! And here comes (come) our champion and hero!A cat rushed out from under the bed.Out rushed a cat from under the bed.写美补全句子In the south of the city lies a big steel factory.城南坐落着一座大型钢厂。名师指津here, there引起的句子中，当主语是代词时，不用倒装。Here you are.给你。