1、石景山区2014高考英语阅读理解暑假训练（9）及答案People tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using emailResearchers from Open University in Britain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for thisThe team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students, all strangers to each other, to s
2、olve a problemThey had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster, who should they be? The pairs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computersDrJohnson said, “They told their partners four times as much about themsel
3、ves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to faceWhen the computers were fitted with cameras so that students could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation” Generally the information was not extremely personalIt was mainly about things such as where t
4、hey went to school, or where they used to liveBut some students discussed their love stories, and personal childhood experiencesDrJohnson believes that emailing encourages people to focus on themselvesAnd when they do this, they become more open , especially if there are no cameras“If you cannot see
5、 the other person, it becomes easier to talk about yourselfThis is because you are not thinking what the other person is thinking of youSo emailing has become the modern way of talking” said DrJohnsonHowever, this style of talking is not entirely new“In the 19th century people started to use the tel
6、egraph to communicateNow the same kind of thing has happened and people ended up speaking more freely”DrJohnson thinks that e-mailers need to know about these effects of emailing, especially when they start work in a company“If you dont know about it, you could find yourself saying more about yourse
7、lf than you wanted to ”17The subject discussed in this passage is Ahow people open up when emailing Bhow people do research studies Chow to communicate at work Dhow to discuss and solve a problem 18The reason that some couples talked freely about themselves is that Athey didnt talk about very person
8、al things Bthey couldnt see each other Cthe cameras on the computers were turned on Dthey had to discuss a question 19What do the underlined words （in para4） refer to?AThe telegraphBThe computerCEmailingDFace-to-face talk20In the writers opinion, one should Afocus on oneself when emailing Btalk more
9、 freely in email than usual Cdiscuss any subject that one wants to Dconsider how one uses email at work E) ABCD*结束“The pen is more powerful than the sword（刀）.” There have been many writers who used their pens to fight things that were wrong. Mrs Harriet Beecher Stowe was one of them.She was born in
10、the U.S.A. in 1811.One of her books not only made her famous but has been described as one that excited the world, and was helpful in causing a civil war and freeing the enslaved race. The civil war was the American Civil War of 1861, in which the Northern States fought the Southern States and final
11、ly won.This book that shook the world was called Uncle Toms Cabin. There was time when every English-speaking man, woman, and child has read this novel that did so much to stop slavery. Not many people read it today, but it is still very interesting. The book has shown us how a warm-hearted writer c
12、an arouse (唤起) peoples sympathies. The author herself had neither been to the Southern States nor been a slave. The Southern Americans were very angry at the book, which they said did not at all represent true state of affairs, but the Northern Americans were wildly excited over it and were so inspi
13、red by it that they were ready to go to war to set the slaves free.13. According to the passage_.A. every English-speaking person has read Uncle Toms CabinB. Uncle Toms Cabin was not very interestingC. those who dont speak English cannot have read Uncle Toms CabinD. the book Uncle Toms Cabin did a g
14、reat deal in the American Civil War14. What do you learn about Mrs Harriet Beecher Stowe from the passage?A. She had been living in the north of America before the American Civil War broke out.B. She herself encouraged the Northern Americans to go to war to set the slaves free.C. She was better as w
15、riting as swinging (挥舞) a sword.D. She had once been a slave.15. Why could Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowes book cause a civil war in America?A. She wrote so well that Americans loved her very much.B. She disclosed the terrible wrongs that had been done to the slaves in the Southern States.C. The Souther
16、n Americans hated the book while the Northern Americans like it.D. The book had been read by many Americans.16. What can we learn from the passage?A. We neednt use weapons (武器) to fight things that are wrong.B. A writer is more helpful in a war than a soldier.C. We must understand the importance of
17、literature and art.D. No war can be won without such a book as Uncle Toms Cabin.1316、DABC*结束Gossip(流言蜚语) is more powerful than truth, a study has shown, suggesting that people believe what they hear in an informal way even if they have evidence to the contrary. Researchers, testing students using a
18、computer game, also found gossip played an important role in decision making, said Ralf Sommerfeld, an evolutionary biologist who led the study. We show that gossip has a strong influence . even when participants have access to the correct information, the researchers wrote. It is evident that gossi
19、p has strong manipulative (控制的) potential. In the study, the researchers gave the students money and allowed them to give it to others in a series of rounds. The students also wrote notes that anyone could view about how others played the game. Students tended to give less money to people described
20、as scrooges and more to those described as generous players or social players, Sommerfeld said. People only took the gossip into account, not the past decisions they themselves had witnessed, he said in a telephone interview. The researchers then took the game a step further and showed the students
21、the actual decisions people had made, while supplying gossip that contradicted(同相矛盾) that evidence. In these cases, the students still based their decisions on the gossip, rather than the evidence, Sommerfeld said. Rationally (理性地), if you know what someone did, thats all you should care about, but
22、they still listened to what others said, he said. Researchers have long used similar games to study how people cooperate and the influence of gossip on groups. Scientists define gossip as social information spread about a person who is not present, Sommerfeld said.45. Which of the following are peop
23、le more likely to believe, according to the study?A. Something said informally about someone. B. Information about someone supported by evidence.C. Words said about a person in his or her presence.D. Correct information. 46. Who does the underlined word scrooges in Paragraph 4 probably refer to?A. P
24、eople who are unkind. B. People who are ugly. C. People who have little money but say they have a lot. D. People who love having money but hate spending it. 47. What should people value when they make decisions about others, in Sommerfelds opinion?A. Their actions. B. Their words.C. Their social pos
25、itions and past decisions. D. The origin of information about them. 48. What is the passage mainly about?A. The importance of gossip.B. How gossip is produced. C. How gossip is more powerful than truth.D. The difference between truth and gossip. *结束 AOnce there was an 11-year-old boy who went fishin
26、g with his father in the middle of a New Hampshire lake. On the day before bass (巴斯鱼) season opened, they were fishing early in the evening, catching other fish with worms. Then the boy tied on a small silver lure (鱼饵) and put it into the lake. Suddenly he felt that something very big pulling on the
27、 lure. His father watched with admiration as the boy skillfully brought the fish beside the bank. Finally he lifted the tired fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.The boy and his father looked at the big fish. The father lit a match and looked at his watch.
28、 It was 10 pm two hours before the season opened. He looked at the fish, then at the boy. “Youll have to put it back, son,” he said. “Dad!” cried the boy, “There will be other fish,” said his father. “Not as big as this one,” cried the boy. He looked around the lake. No other fishermen or boats were
29、 in sight in the moonlight. He looked again at his father.Even though no one had seen them, nor could anyone ever know what time he had caught the fish, the boy could tell from his fathers voice that the decision couldnt be changed. He threw the huge bass into the black water. The big fish disappear
30、ed. The boy thought that he would never again see such a big fish.That was 34 years ago. Today the boy is successful architect in New York City. He often takes his own son and daughters to fish at the same place.And he was right. He has never again caught such a large fish as the one he got that nig
31、ht long ago. But he does see that same fish again and again every time he has an ethical (伦理的，道德的) decision to make. For, as his father had taught him, ethics are simple matters of right and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.41. What happened when the big fish turned out to
32、be a bass?A. The boy and his father discussed what to do with the big fish.B. The boy threw the bass back into the water willingly.C. The father lit a match in order to check the time.D. They worried other fishermen may discover what they had done.42. From the text we know that the father _.A. didnt
33、 love his sonB. always disagreed with his sonC. disliked the huge fishD. was firm and stubborn43. The successful architect went fishing with his children at the same place because _.A. they might catch a big fish thereB. he was taught a moral lesson thereC. it was a most popular fishing spotD. their
34、 children enjoyed fishing there44. What does the story imply?A. It is easy to say something, but difficult to do.B. An ethical decision is always easy to make.C. Its hard to tell right from wrong sometimesD. Fishing can help one to make right decisions.*结束During my elementary school years, I used to
35、 compare my mom with my best friendTiffanys mom. Tiffanys mom always gave her lots of money to buy the most fashionable clothes and favorite food. Her mom allowed her to do anything she liked. I really admired Tiffany. My mom didnt give me much pocket money and she always told me that I should behav
36、e myself. I was annoyed with her. Whenever I didnt get what I wanted, I would complain to my mom, Tiffanys mom would give her that! I wish she were my mom. Every time, my mom would calmly say Poor Tiffany. I couldnt understand her. She shouldnt be feeling sorry for Tiffany! I thought. She should be
37、feeling sorry for me. One day, I couldnt help saying to Mom, Poor Tiffany? Lucky Tiffany! She gets everything she wants! Why do you feel sorry for her ? I burst into tears. My mom sat down next to me and said softly, Yes, I do feel sorry for her. I have been teaching you a lesson that she will never
38、 be taught. I looked up at her. What are you talking about? Mom said with care, One day she will really want something. Maybe shell find out that she cant have it. Her mother wont always be around to give her money, and whats more, money cant buy everything. She continued, I have taught you valuable
39、 lessons by not giving you everything you want. Youll know how to look for bargains and save money, but she wont. Youll understand that you need to work hard to get the things that you want but she wont. When Tiffany is a grown woman, shell wake up one day and she will be wishing that she had a mom
40、like the one youve got. Life lessons are more important than modern clothes and delicious food. It took some time, but I eventually understood my moms words. Now I am a happy and successful woman.13. During the authors elementary school years, she _. A. wished that her mom were as good as Tiffanys B
41、. went to school with Tiffany every day C. usually compared her lesson with Tiffanys D. sometimes gave lots of money to Tiffany14. Why did the authors mom always say Poor Tiffany? A. She felt sorry for Tiffany because Tiffany was poor.B. She wanted to tell a lie to comfort the author. C. She thought
42、 that Tiffany was spoiled by her mother. D. She told the author this and wanted her to help Tiffany.15. What do we learn about the authors mother? A. She was strict and taught the author to be independent. B. She cared for other peoples children more than her own. C. She thought that life lessons we
43、re as important as money. D. She was so poor that she couldnt give the author much money.16. What can we infer from the passage? A. The author was quite annoyed with her mother in the past. B. The authors mother felt sorry for Tiffany. C. Tiffanys mother took the authors mothers advice. D. The author is thankful to her mother now.1316、ACAD*结束