1、第7节特殊句式和主谓一致一、倒装1.完全倒装(1)当主语是名词时，将表示时间、方位或地点的副词或介词短语(如now，then，here，there，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等)置于句首，构成倒装。By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。The door opened and in came Mr Smith.门开了，史密斯先生进来了。(2)为了平衡句子结构，或使上下文衔接紧密，而将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词
2、或分词提到句首，引起倒装。Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers，listening attentively to the new teacher.坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。(3)such置于句首时，后面的句子用倒装结构(此句型中的such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后的“真正的主语”保持一致)Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man and the 20th centurys greatest scientist.这就是阿尔伯特
3、爱因斯坦，一个朴实的人，也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。Such is our home in the future.这就是我们未来的家。注意：当句子主语是代词时，不可完全倒装。Away he went.他走了。2.部分倒装(1)“only状语(从句)”位于句首时句子要用部分倒装；“only主语”位于句首时句子不倒装。Only in this way can the experiment succeed.只有这样做，试验才能成功。Only his father was right.只有他的父亲是对的。(2)否定副词not，seldom，little，hardly，never，nowhere及表示否
4、定意义的介词短语by no means，in no way，at no time，under no circumstances等位于句首时。Hardly does she have time to listen to music.她几乎没时间听音乐。(3)“so助动词/系动词/情态动词主语”表示“也是如此”；“neither/nor助动词/系动词/情态动词主语”表示“也不这样”。注意：“so主语助动词/系动词/情态动词”表示“的确如此”。He has been to China，so have we.他去过中国，我们也去过。He works hard.So he does.他工作努力。他确实是
5、这样。(4)so.that.和such.that.中的soadj./adv.或suchn.提到句首时，主句需用倒装语序。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.光速很快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。(5)not until.直到才，作状语或引导状语从句置于句首时，句子或主句需部分倒装。Not until he returned did we have supper.直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。(6)在not only.but also.；hardly.when.；no sooner.than.结构中，前半部分倒装而
6、后半部分不倒装。Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来了。(7)as/though引导让步状语从句时，用部分倒装。(though引导的让步状语从句也可以不倒装)Old as/though he is，he works like a young man.尽管他老了，他工作起来就像一个年轻人。Much as I admire her，I cant forgive her faults.虽然我很钦佩她，但我不能原谅她的过错。Try as/though he will，he cant succeed.虽然他会尝试，但是
7、他不会成功的。Child as/though he is，he knows much about the society.尽管他还是个孩子，他很了解社会。二、强调1.强调句型(1)陈述句：It is/was被强调部分that/who句子剩余部分.It was Ann Peters husband that/who rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.昨晚，正是安彼得斯的丈夫，立即送她去了附近的一家医院。It was a red shirt that John bought for me as a birthday present.作为生日礼物约
8、翰送我的是一件红衬衫。(2)一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who句子剩余部分？Was it in Beijing that you first met him?你第一次见到他时是在北京吗？(3)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat句子剩余部分？Who was it that called me this morning?今天早上是谁打电话给我的？When and where was it that you were born?你到底是何时何地出生的？(4)其他：It may/might be被强调部分that/who句子剩余部分.It may/might be h
9、is father that/who youre thinking of.你想到的可能是他的父亲。It must have been被强调部分that/who句子剩余部分.It must have been his brother that/who you saw.你看到的一定是他的弟弟。It is/was not until被强调部分that句子剩余部分.It was not until the early 19th century that man knew what heat was.直到19世纪初，人类才知道热力是什么。注意：强调句强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。
10、用来强调人时可用who/that来连接，强调事物时常用that。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。2.强调句型与其他相似句型的区别(1)强调句型与含有形式主语it的句型：若将It is/was和that去掉，剩下的成分能还原构成一个完整的句子，就是强调句型，否则不是。It was here that he fell off his bicycle.这里正是他从自行车上摔下来的地方。(强调句)It is clear that not all boys like football.很显然并非所有男孩都喜欢足球。(不是强调句型。去掉It is和that，句子成了：Clear n
11、ot all boys like football.很显然这不是一个完整的句子。因此，这是由it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语的复合句。)(2)强调句型与It is/was时间when.句型：在It is/was时间when.句型中，it指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。注意两种句型“时间表达方式的不同”。It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.昨天午夜我回到了家。(强调句)It was midnight when I got back home yesterday.昨天当我回到家时，已经是午夜了。(不是强调句型，It was
12、 midnight表示“时间是午夜”。)(3)强调句型与It is时间段since.句型：It is时间段since.表示“自从以来已有(时间)”。两个句型中的时态一般不同。It was two years ago that I began to learn English.我是在两年前开始学英语的。(强调句)It is two years since I began to learn English.我学英语两年了。(不是强调句。表示“从过去到现在已有多长时间”，it后的be动词用一般现在时或现在完成时。)(4)强调句型与It was/will be时间段before.句型：在It was/
13、will be时间段before.句型中，before引导的是时间状语从句。It was two years later that they came to see us.他们是两年以后来看我们的。(强调句)It was two years before they came to see us.过了两年他们才回来看我们。(不是强调句型。It was two years是主句，before引导时间状语从句。)3.对谓语动词的强调It is/was.that/who.结构不能强调谓语动词。如果需要强调谓语动词，用助动词do，does或did。Mary，do come to my birthday
14、party tonight.玛丽，今天晚上请一定要来参加我的生日聚会。She does get up early every day.她每天的确起得很早。He did tell all that had happened to him.他确实把发生在他身上的事情都说了。三、主谓一致1.由with，along with，together with，like，but，except，besides，as well as，rather than，including，in addition to等连接的并列名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于前面的名词。He as well as I is respo
15、nsible for the matter.不但是我，他对这件事也有责任。2.由and连接的两个并列成分作主语，谓语动词通常用复数；但当and连接的两个词语指同一人、同一事或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。The secretary and manager was present at the meeting.书记兼经理出席了会议。The secretary and the manager were present at the meeting.书记和经理出席了会议。3.一些集合名词如audience，committee，family，class，group，team等，如果指整体意义，谓语动词用
16、单数；如果指具体的成员，谓语动词用复数。The committee is to deal with this matter.委员会要处理这起事件。The committee are divided in opinion.委员们意见不一致。4.被one，every，each，many a，more than one，no等限定的单数名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。“many a单数名词”和“more than one单数名词”是复数意义，但谓语动词用单数。Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in
17、our country.在我国，每个男孩和每个女孩都有受教育的权利。Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球。More than one student is in favor of the plan.许多学生支持这一计划。5.由or，nor，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but (also).连接的并列主语，通常根据“就近原则”，即谓语动词的单复数形式要和与它邻近的主语的数保持一致。One or two friends are coming this evening.今天晚上有一两个朋友要来。Neithe
18、r his family nor he knows anything about it.他的全家人和他都不知道那件事。Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.要么是我要么是他们要对那件事的结果负责任。四、省略1.状语从句的省略(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。Well take the books when participating in the Summer Camp this July to your school.我们将于今
19、年7月赴贵校参加夏令营时带去这些书。(2)so或not代替上文内容，此时可用“ifso/not”省略句式；其他类似结构还有：if ever，if any，if anything等。If you really like the house，buy it.If not，not.你要是真喜欢这房子，就买了它，要是不喜欢，就别买。(If not，not.为If you dont like it，dont buy it.之省略)(3)Im afraid，I think，I believe，I hope，I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别表示肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。It ought to
20、be stopped.Yes，I think so.这件事应该到此为止。对，我也这么想。2.不定式的省略(1)单独使用不定式符号to代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try，want，wish等后面。否定形式的省略用not to。I asked him to see the film，but he didnt want to.我叫他去看电影，但是他不想去。(2)不定式符号to用在某些形容词，如glad，happy，pleased，delighted等后面
21、。Will you join us in the game?Sure，Ill be glad to(join you in the game).你愿意和我们一起做这个游戏吗？当然，我愿意。(3)如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。Are you a teacher?No，but I used to be(a teacher).你是老师吗？不，我以前是。(4)在do nothing but，cant help but，why not，would rather.than.; prefer to do.rather than.等句型中省略t
22、o。We have nothing to do now but wait.我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。I cant help but admire his courage.我不能不钦佩他的勇敢。五、祈使句1.祈使句的否定式在动词前加dont。祈使句带主语时，其否定式把dont放在主语前。Dont you speak so loud.你不要那么大声说话。2.注意句型：祈使句and/or/otherwise一般将来时的陈述句。Close the door of fear behind you，and you will see the door of faith open before you.关
23、闭你身后的恐惧之门，你就会看到信念之门在你的面前打开。六、反意疑问句1.陈述部分含有must/may/might的反意疑问句(1)当must作“必须，有必要”讲时，其反意疑问部分用neednt；当含有mustnt(不允许，禁止)时，其反意疑问部分用must/may。You must go now，neednt you?你现在必须走，是吗？(2)“must/may be”对现在的情况进行推测，按一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理。He must be a teacher，isnt he?他一定是位老师，不是吗？(3)“must完成时”用来推测过去的动作，强调对现在的影响。句中没有表示过去
24、时间的状语时，按现在完成时的附加疑问句处理；若句中有表示过去的明确的时间状语时，按一般过去时的附加疑问句处理。You must have studied English for three years，havent you？你一定学英语三年了，对吗？He must have finished it yesterday，didnt he?他一定是昨天完成的，是吗？2.祈使句的反意疑问句(1)否定祈使句，will you?(2)肯定祈使句，will/wont you?(3)Lets .，shall we?(4)Let us .，will you?Dont talk any more，will yo
25、u？别再说话了，好吗？Lets begin the class，shall we?我们开始上课吧，好吗？3.陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句(1)当陈述部分带有宾语从句时，疑问部分常和主句保持一致。He said that he would come to my birthday party，didnt he？他说他会来参加我的生日聚会，是吗？(2)陈述部分的主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，guess，expect，imagine等，且主句主语为第一人称时，疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一致；主句的主语为第二、三人称时，后面的疑问部分与主句的主语、谓语
26、一致。注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。I dont think he is bright，is he?我认为他不聪明，是吗？4.陈述部分含有否定含义及否定词的反意疑问句(1)如果陈述部分含有由表示“否定”意义的前缀构成的词，其反意疑问部分一般用否定式。Tom dislikes playing tennis，doesnt he?汤姆不喜欢打网球，是吗？Its unfair，isnt it？那不公平，是吗？(2)陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词的反意疑问句：当陈述部分带有seldom，hardly，scarcely，never，few，little，nothing，nobody等否定词或半否定词时，疑问部
27、分的动词用肯定形式。He is never late for school，is he?他上学从不迟到，是吗？高考题组1.Chinas image is improving steadily，with more countries _ its role in international affairs.(2019江苏，32)A.recognizing B.being recognizedC.to be recognized D.recognized答案A解析考查with复合结构。句意为：随着更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用，中国的形象正在稳步提升。此处是with复合结构，动词recogn
28、ize与其逻辑主语more countries之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。2.The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.(2019天津，12)A.should they B.they shouldC.dare they D.they dare答案A解析考查倒装和情态动词。句意为：教授警告学生说在他的课上绝对不应该使用手机。on no account(绝不)具有否定意义，置于句首时，句子应使用部分倒装结构；再结合句意“不应该”可知，应选A。3.It was only
29、 when the car pulled up in front of our house _ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.(2018天津，14)A.which B.thatC.when D.where答案B解析考查强调句。句意为：直到汽车停在我们的房子前时我们才看见莉莉坐在乘客座上。分析题干可知本句是一个强调句，被强调的是only when引导的时间状语从句。根据强调句的结构“It is/was被强调的部分that剩余部分”可知选B项。4.In any unsafe situation，simply _ the button and a highly-
30、trained agent will get you the help you need.(2018北京，8)A.press B.to pressC.pressing D.pressed答案A解析考查固定句式。根据空后的and可知应该选A项。这是一个固定句式，其构成是“祈使句and陈述句”。句意为：在任何不安全的情况下，只要按一下按钮，训练有素的工作人员就会给予你所需要的帮助。5.The publication of Great Expectations，which_both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens sta
31、tus as a leading novelist.(2017江苏，24)A.is B.areC.was D.were答案C解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：远大前程这部小说的出版受到了广泛评论和高度赞扬，这巩固了狄更斯作为顶尖小说家的地位。空格处与后面的reviewed和praised一起构成定语从句的谓语，根据主句谓语strengthened判断这里用一般过去时；定语从句的关系词which指代主句的“the publication of Great Expectations”，主语核心词是publication，故be动词用was。因此选C。6.Nowadays，cycling，alo
32、ng with jogging and swimming，_ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.(2017天津，6)A.regard B.is regardedC.are regarded D.regards答案B解析考查动词的语态及主谓一致。句意为：如今，骑行与慢跑、游泳一起被认为是最全面的运动方式之一。当主语后面接由along with引起的短语时，谓语动词应和前面的名词(cycling)保持一致，排除A、C两项；cycling与regard之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除D项。故选B项。7.It was when I got
33、back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.(2017天津，11)A.who B.whereC.which D.that答案D解析考查强调句。句意为：正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉，然后看剩余的部分是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断，“When I got back to my apartment，I first came across my new neighbors.”句子成分完整，由此可断定本句是强调句，并且强调的是时间状语，故空格处
34、应用that。8.Not until recently _ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.(2016江苏，34)A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged C.did they encourage D.they encouraged答案C解析考查倒装句。句意为：直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。根据句首的Not until可知，本句要用部分倒装形式，先排除A、D两项；encourage表示的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。9.You are
35、 waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.(2016天津，13)A.who B.whichC.where D.that答案D解析考查强调句。句意为：你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉后，句子意思依然清楚，结构依然完整。经判断，“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是地点，故空格处应填that。10.Only when L
36、ily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home.(2015天津，3)A.she realized B.has she realizedC.she has realized D.did she realize答案D解析考查倒装及动词的时态。句意为：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“only状语从句”位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。根据时间状语“when Lily walked into the office”可知要用一般过去时。故答案为D。11.Bach died in 1750，b
37、ut it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015重庆，9)A.while B.thoughC.that D.after答案C解析考查强调句。句意为：巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。本句是一个强调句型，其基本结构是：It is/was被强调部分that其他，本句被强调部分是not until the early 19th century。故选C。12.It is important to remember that success
38、_ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years to achieve.(2015湖南，27)A.is；takes B.are；takesC.are；take D.is；take答案A解析考查主谓一致。句意为：成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的总和，它常常需要很多年的时间才能实现，记住这些很重要。此处success是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选A项。13.Always _ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.(2015湖
39、南，31)A.to keep B.to have keptC.keep D.have kept答案C解析考查祈使句。句意为：一直要记住：你的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，故用keep。keep in mind记住，固定搭配。14.No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.(2014陕西，17)A.had Mo Yan B.Mo Yan hadC.has Mo Yan D.Mo Yan has答案A解析考查倒装及动词的时态。no sooner had
40、 sb. done.than.引导时间状语从句，且当no sooner位于主句句首时，主句用部分倒装，即将主句中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到其主语前，排除B、D两项；由从句时态可知用过去完成时，助动词had提前。故选A。15.It was the culture，rather than the language，_ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建，29)A.where B.whyC.that D.what答案C解析考查强调句。句意为：是风俗文化而不是语言，使他很难适应国外的新环境。这里强调
41、主语部分the culture，rather than the language，所以用that引导。故选C。16.Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr Smith got angry？(2014四川，3)A.why B.whoC.where D.that答案D解析考查强调句。句意为：是不是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的？此题考查的是强调句的一般疑问句，所强调的是原因状语从句because Jack came late for school，故选that。17._ me tomorrow and Ill let you know the
42、 lab result.(2014大纲全国，33)A.Calling B.CallC.To call D.Having called答案B解析考查祈使句。句意为：明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验结果的。分析句子结构可知，此处是“祈使句and陈述句”这一固定句式结构。故B项正确。18.All we need _ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.(2014湖南，32)A.are B.wasC.is D.we
43、re答案C解析考查动词的时态及主谓一致。根据表语a small piece of land可知谓语用单数，且根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时。故选C。19.I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，_ you？(2014重庆，10)A.mustnt B.haventC.didnt D.hadnt答案C解析考查反意疑问句。答语句意为：那你在伦敦的时候肯定去看过大英博物馆，对吗？must have done在句中表示对过去事实的推测
44、，当句末有反意疑问的语气时，可分为两种情况：(1)句中没有明确的过去时间状语时，反意疑问句结构为“havent/hasnt.？”；(2)句中有明确的过去时间状语时，结构为“didnt.？”。题中last summer表示的是一个确定的过去时间，故C项正确。20.“Never for a second，” the boy says，“_ that my father would come to my rescue.”(2013江苏，27)A.I doubted B.do I doubtC.I have doubted D.did I doubt答案D解析考查倒装及动词的时态。句意为：这个男孩说：
45、“我从不怀疑我父亲会来救我。”当否定副词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。故本题要用部分倒装。再根据would come to.可知，是在讲过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。模拟题组1.What did you say you were reluctant to risk just now?_ to high levels of radiation.A.Being exposed B.Having been exposedC.To be exposed D.Exposed答案A解析考查省略句和动名词。句意为：你刚才说你不愿意冒险做什么？我不愿意冒险暴露在高辐射下。分析句子可知，本句
46、为省略句，还原为：we were reluctant to risk being done。risk后接动名词作宾语，本句使用动名词的被动形式，being exposed。故A选项正确。2.How much do you know about your mothers love?To be honest，not until _ for my 18th birthday，a diary recording the process of my growth _ my mother loves me so much.A.did I receive her gift；I realizedB.I rec
47、eived her gift；did I realizeC.I received her gift；had I realizedD.did I received her gift；I had realized答案B解析考查部分倒装句。句意为：你对你母亲的爱了解多少？老实说，直到我收到她送给我的18岁生日礼物，一本记录我成长过程的日记，我才意识到我的母亲是那么爱我。当not until.位于句首时，其后的主句要用部分倒装，从句不倒装。分析句子可知，主句与从句的时态都为一般过去时。所以主句为did I realize，从句为I received her gift。故B选项正确。3.What did
48、 she want to know，Tom?She wondered _ we could complete the experiment.A.when was it thatB.it was when thatC.it was whenD.when it was that答案D解析考查强调句与宾语从句连用。句意为：汤姆，她想知道什么？她想知道什么时候我们能完成这个实验。分析句子意思以及选项可知，空格部分为强调特殊疑问词when，且为宾语从句结构，故特殊疑问句必须置于主从句之间，并且要使用陈述语序，故应选when it was that，故选D项。4.So _ that in spite of
49、 the rare disease，he managed to live a life as rich and full as we do.A.optimistic and determined Marty wasB.was Marty optimistic and determinedC.Marty was optimistic and determinedD.optimistic and determined was Marty答案D解析考查部分倒装句。句意为：马蒂是如此乐观和坚定，以至于尽管患有罕见的疾病，他还是像我们一样过着丰富多彩而充实的生活。副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后
50、用部分倒装。其形式之一为：soadj.be主语。所以本句为So optimistic and determined was Marty。故D选项正确。5.President Xi underlines that it is only with joint efforts to keep maritime peace _ build a maritime community with a shared future for mankind.A.can we B.we canC.that we can D.that can we答案C解析考查强调句式。句意为：习主席强调，只有共同努力保持海洋和平，
51、我们才能建立一个有着人类共同未来的海洋共同体。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式，其结构为：It is/was被强调部分who/that.。only后边跟副词，介词短语和状语从句位于句首的时候，句子采用部分倒装语序，尤其注意后接从句时候，主句倒装，从句不倒装，如果用于强调句中了，only就不位于句首了，句子就不倒装了。故C选项正确。6.On Jan 1,2018，Chinas new regulation on solid waste imports officially came into effect._，divided into four categories.A.Being prohibit
52、ed from entering China are a total of 24 kinds of solid wasteB.Entering China are a total of 24 kinds of solid waste that are prohibitedC.Prohibited from entering China are a total of 24 kinds of solid wasteD.From entering China are a total of 24 kinds of solid waste prohibited答案C解析考查倒装句。句意为：在2018年1
53、月1日，中国对固体废物进口的新规定正式生效。禁止进入中国的总共有24种固体废物，被分成四类。根据语境可知，陈述语序是：a total of 24 kinds of solid waste are prohibited from entering China，作表语的过去分词置句首，句子倒装。故选C。7.The policeman told me that I had passed the driving test and never in my life _ so happy and excited.A.I felt B.did I feelC.I had felt D.had I felt答
54、案D解析否定意义的词开头的句子采用部分倒装，“感到高兴”应该是在“通过考试”之前即“过去的过去”所以要用过去完成时。句意为：警察告诉我我通过了驾驶考试，生命中我没有如此高兴、兴奋过。8._ makes your son feel blue today?_ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol.A.What it is that；To be forbiddenB.What is that；ForbiddenC.What is it that；Being forbiddenD.That is what；Having forbidden答案C解析考查强调
55、句型和非谓语动词。句意为：是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？不让他看他最喜欢的卡通狗狗巡逻队。分析句子结构可知，第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句，即：疑问词Whatis itthat其余部分；第二空为非谓语动词，作主语用动名词，且son与forbid之间是被动关系，所以用Being forbidden，故C项正确。9.Medical errors and various infections，if _，will be the third leading cause of death in the world.A.being combined B.to combineC.having combined D
56、.combined答案D解析考查状语从句的省略。句意为：医疗错误和各种感染如果结合在一起就会是世界上死亡的第三大原因。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略，构成省略句。本句在if后省略了medical errors and various infections are，所以D项正确。10.In front of the two trees which have been destroyed in the typhoon _ a group of young kids.A.sit B.are sittingC.sitting
57、D.sat答案A解析考查动词的时态和倒装句。句意为：在被台风摧毁的两棵树前面坐着一群小孩。介词短语In front of the two trees放在句首，句子全部倒装。正常语序是：A group of young kids sit in front of the two trees which have been destroyed in the typhoon.排除B项和C项，此处表示现在的动作用一般现在时，故选A。11.Several melon stalls were below the window and above them _ with a big clock on top
58、of it.A.was the telecom towerB.were the telecom towerC.the telecom tower wasD.the telecom tower were答案A解析本题结合主谓一致考查倒装句。above them是表示方位的介词短语，置于句首时，构成完全倒装，主语the telecom tower是单数，故选A项。句意为：窗口下方有几个西瓜摊，在它们的上方是一座顶部有个大钟的电讯塔。12.We will gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning
59、 unless _.A.otherwise informingB.otherwise being informedC.otherwise informedD.having otherwise informed答案C解析考查让步状语从句的省略现象。这里otherwise informed补充完整应是otherwise we are informed，但是因主从句主语一致且从句有系动词be，所以省略主语和系动词。句意为：我们将于明天早上八点在学校门口集合进行社区服务，除非另有通知。故选C。13.He switched off the light and was about to leave the
60、 classroom and only then _ to rain heavily.A.it began B.it beginsC.does it begin D.did it begin答案D解析考查倒装句。句意为：他关掉灯，正准备离开教室，就在这时，天下起了大雨。“only状语”放在句首，句子要部分倒装，故选D。14.With the application of 5G technology _ profound changes in almost all fields throughout the world.A.will come B.are comingC.comes D.come
61、答案D解析句意为：随着5G技术的应用，世界几乎所有领域都发生了深刻的变化。分析句子可知，介词短语位于句首，句子为全部倒装句，主语为profound changes，谓语为come。且句子的时态为一般现在时，表示将来，所以句子为：With the application of 5G technology come profound changes in almost all fields throughout the world.故D选项正确。15.How is the test that you took yesterday?Unfortunately，not even one of the
62、hundred students who took the test _ passed.A.has B.haveC.are D.is答案A解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：你昨天的考试怎么样？ 不幸的是，参加考试的100名学生中没有一个通过考试。结合句意可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是not even one，是单数第三人称形式，故答案为A。16._ with heavy loads of teaching _ he later became an easy target of the flu.A.So tired was the teacher；thatB.The teacher wa
63、s so tired；whichC.Tired as the teacher；thatD.Such was the tired teacher；which答案A解析考查so.that句型与倒装。句意为：教学任务使这位老师不堪重负，他很快就成了流感的目标。在so.that句型中，当“so形容词”位于句首时，要进行部分倒装，故A项正确。17.I decided to do a random act of kindness last year.And _ that the person I would end up helping most would be myself.A.I little kn
64、ew B.little did I knewC.little did I know D.little I knew答案C解析考查语境及部分倒装。句意为：去年我决定随意做一件好事。我几乎不知道，最终得到帮助最多的人会是我自己。分析句子可知，后面的句子中的little是半否定词，意为“少到几乎没有”，在英语中否定词或半否定词置于句首，句子要部分倒装，故选C。18.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which _ saved for other purposes.A.is B.areC.was D.were答案D
65、解析考查主谓一致。which指代先行词materials，当the rest在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词，如果名词是不可数名词，用单数；如果是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。本句中的materials是可数名词复数形式，故选D项。19.The employee might have been dismissed by the employer last month，_？A.hasnt he B.didnt heC.wasnt he D.mightnt he答案C解析考查反意疑问句。句意为：这个雇员可能上个月被雇主开除了，是吗？句子的陈述部分用might have been dismissed表示对过去的推测，结合时间状语last month可知，反意疑问部分应为wasnt he。故选C项。20.You never told us why you were late for the last meeting，_？A.didnt you B.were youC.did you D.werent you答案C解析考查反意疑问句。句意为：你从未告诉我们你上次会议迟到的原因，是吗？若陈述句中的谓语不包含be动词、助动词或情态动词，要用相应的do/does/did构成简短问句；且陈述部分的主句带有never，简短问句一般用肯定式。故选C。