1、Unit 3Back to the pastA根据汉语或首字母提示完成下列句子1The London Tower is one of the worlds historic buildings，about which a (讲座) will be given in the Meeting Room on the first floor tomorrow.2Mount Vesuvius hasnt (爆发) for many years.3The United Nations said at least 25，000 people had (逃离) since fighting started
2、a week ago.4Beijings air quality is poor.It is quite common to have (沙尘暴)5The little boy，buried under the (废墟) for nearly two days，was found by the rescue team.6This wall is a war (纪念碑) and it has the names of everyone who died in the war.7Two (雕像) stood in a city park: one female and the other male
3、.8Without saying a word，Anna took hold of my arm and (前进) me off to the headmasters office.9The man got (中毒) after drinking the water in the bottle.10When the midautumn festival is near，shop windows are beautifully d 11Over the past few years，the world has been frequently hit by severe natural d cau
4、sed by earthquakes，hurricanes，floods and droughts as well.12Huge areas of rainforest are being d every year by human beings seeking quick profits.13Chinese Premier Li Keqiang attended the closing c of the second Summer Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing on August 28，2014.14He c that he had been waiting
5、for us until the flowers faded.15The judge d that the young man was guilty of an attempted murder，while he himself insisted that he was innocent.【答案】1.lecture2.erupted3.fled4.sandstorm5.ruins6.memorial7.statues 8marched9.poisoned10.decorated11.disasters12.destroyed13.ceremonyplained 15declaredB用所给词的
6、适当形式填空16 ，I got zero in the final test for writing my name at the place of “number”(fortunate)17ECommerce is a trade activity of affairs taking Internet as operation platform.(commerce)18Early to bed and early to rise makes one healthy， and wise.(wealth)19We will build our motherland into a modern s
7、ocialist country.(power)20One was originally by Chinese Red Cross ambassador Jet Li in April 2007 as the Red Cross Society of China.(found)21She devoted her years to the cause of studying the of the Forbidden City.(remain)【导学号：36742048】22A bomb in the market.The was heard a mile away.(explode)23He m
8、ade full use of wood from the nearby his house to make a sofa for the widow.(wood)24He got a little because of poverty，so he always his children to value the chance of study.(educate)25It is time someone made him of the effects of his actions.If so，he can gradually raise public moral (aware)【答案】16.U
9、nfortunatelymercial 18wealthy19.powerful20.Foundation; founded 21remaining; remains22.exploded; explosion23.woods; wooden24.education; educates 25aware; awarenessA补全下列短语1take over夺取；接管2under protection受保护3turn out结果是4break down分解；失败；崩溃；抛锚5together with与一起6be divided into被划分为7on exhibition展出，展览8go th
10、rough穿过，通过，浏览，经受9carry out执行，贯彻，完成10in memory of纪念11no doubt无疑，确实12rise up against起义13stand in ones path阻碍(某人)14come down with患(病)15make sb.aware of让某人意识到16have enough of对感到厌烦B选用上述短语填空17He couldnt return to Ireland，as he was no longer of the law.18Miss Smith is leaving to get married and Miss Jones
11、will be the class.19The teacher， his students，is planting trees on the hillside.20The rumor that Tom washed his socks once a month to be untrue.21When the car on the highway for a third time，Johns patience completely ran out.22Some of the childrens paintings are now at the school.23It is more diffic
12、ult to a plan than to think one out.Just as you know，saying is one thing and doing another.24Columbia，as can be easily guessed，was named Columbus，who discovered America in 1492，even though he never actually set foot on the land.25He has a bad temper and will not listen to anybody，so youd better not
13、26I a cold that forced me to slow down my training.27Theres that the 3D technology can print a variety of items that traditional manufacturing cant make.28Im surprised you havent him，yet I found him very boring.【答案】17.under protection18.taking over 19together with20.turned out21.broke down 22on exhi
14、bition23.carry out24.in memory of25.stand in his path26.came down with27.no doubt28.had enough of1Near the city was a volcano.译文离该城不远处有一座火山。解读介词短语位于句首，且谓语是be动词或表示姿势(stand，lie，sit等)或位移(go，run，come，rise等)的动词时，句子常用全部倒装。仿写邻桌旁坐着一个正在等人的漂亮姑娘。At the next table waiting for someone.2The desert was once a gree
15、n land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand what a pity!译文这片沙漠曾经是绿树成荫的绿洲，但这些树被砍倒了，结果这座城市被沙尘埋了起来多么遗憾啊！解读“the city being buried by sand”为动名词的复合结构作resulted in的宾语。仿写我们队有赢得比赛的希望吗？Is there any hope of ？3In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with 1，177 me
16、n on board.译文在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。解读“with 1，177 men on board”为“with宾语介词短语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。仿写她眼中含着眼泪说了声再见。She said goodbye 【答案】1.was/sat a pretty girl2.our team winning the match3.with tears in her eyes点释7个考纲单词 flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开flee地点逃离某地flee to地点逃到某地flee (from) sth.从逃离易混辨析 flee/escapeflee
17、指单纯地仓皇逃走，行为本身是突然，匆忙的，且事先无准备，不表明是否逃脱escape指逃脱约束或控制，含有“迫切”意味，指逃跑之后的结果，但行为本身不一定匆忙小试身手(1)完成句子Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away 听到狗大叫，贼就跑了。The frightened people 人们惊恐万状地逃离了火灾现场。He was so afraid of his own safety that he the United States with his wife and young daughter.他非常担心自己的人身安全，携妻子及幼女逃到了美国。(2)选词填
18、空(flee/escape)【导学号：36742049】In ancient Italy，a slave named Androcles from his master and to the forest.【答案】fled the thieffled (from) the firefled toescaped；fled ruin n. C(pl.)废墟，遗迹；U毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏；毁灭；使破产(1) in ruins成为废墟(2)fall/come into ruin被破坏了，被毁了be reduced to ruins沦为废墟be ruined by被破坏小试身手介词填空/完成句子W
19、hen they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood ruins.(2016北京高考阅读理解)当他们第二天返回Rockaway时，却发现他们所在的街区成为一片废墟。Many ancient sculptures fell ruin after the flood.洪灾过后，许多古代的雕塑都被毁了。Many village communities feel their countryside the powerproducing machines of wind farms.许多农村社区感到他们的乡村正被
20、风力农场的发电机破坏。【答案】inintois being ruined by remains n遗物，遗迹；遗骸；剩余物(1)the remains of.的遗迹(2)remain v.留下；仍然是remainadj./n./p.p/prep.p保持remain to be done有待于被做(3) remaining adj.剩余的名师点津(1)当表示“剩余的，剩下的”意思时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。(2)remain多用作系动词，后常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式的被动形式。小试身手同义替换/完成句子No matter ho
21、w bright a talker you are，there are times when its better to remain ( ) silent.不管你多么能言善辩，但有时候还是保持沉默更好。It whether the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.这个新形成的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。After performing that task，it is pumped under the asphalt and its keeps the road free of snow and ice.在完成
22、这一任务后，水又被水泵抽回到沥青下面，这样，它的剩余热量能使路面不存雪和冰。【答案】keep/stayremains to be seenremaining heat complain vi.抱怨(1)complain that.抱怨complain about/of sth.抱怨某事complain against/about sth.抱怨/投诉某事(2)complaint n.抱怨，投诉make a complaint against/about投诉小试身手用所给词的适当形式填空/介词填空Still others lay the blame on the Americans， (compl
23、ain) that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.仍旧有一些人把责任推到美国人身上，抱怨由于吃了太多的美式快餐而使体重增加了好几磅。Still，even stars who enjoy full justice often complain how hard their lives are.甚至仍旧有一些享受完全公正的明星也抱怨他们的生活是多么艰难。I am now writing to make a complaint the service of your hotel.我写此信意
24、在投诉贵宾馆的服务。【答案】complainingaboutagainst/about declare vt.宣布；宣告；宣称；声明declare for/against.公开支持/反对declare war on/against对宣战declare that.宣布declare sb./sth.(to be)宣布某人/某物(是)小试身手介词填空/完成句子The Chinese government has declared terrorism.中国政府公开反对恐怖主义。In 1941，Britain and the United States declared war Japan and t
25、he Pacific War started.1941年，英国和美国对日宣战，太平洋战争由此开始。Some scientists most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional attitudes.一些科学家宣称我们大多数的疲劳来自精神和情感态度。【答案】againston/againstdeclare that aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的(1)be aware that.知道；意识到be/become aware of知道/意识到as far as I am aware就我所知make sb.aware of
26、使某人意识到(2) awareness n.认识，意识小试身手同义替换/介词填空As a member of the society，I realize( ) that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.作为社会的一员，我意识到负责任就是要为创建一个更好的社会做点事情。As far as I am aware ( )，the invitations to the party have all been sent.就我所知，派对的邀请函已经全部发出了。Emerald Valley is only one com
27、munity that is becoming aware the negative effects of light pollution.Emerald Valley是唯一一个意识到光污染负面影响的社区。【答案】am awareconcernedof judge n法官，审判员；裁判员v.判断；审判；裁判(1)judge.by/from根据判断judging by/from.据判断so/as far as sb.can judge依某人看(2)judg(e)ment n.判断，判断力；看法小试身手完成句子Wearing proper clothes is important too，for
28、locals will what you wear.穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你的穿着来判断你。 the response of the audience，the performance was quite a success.从观众的反应来看，这次演出相当成功。The book， ，is remarkably accurate.就我看来，这本书内容相当准确。【答案】judge you byJudging by/from so/as far as I can judge诠释3个核心短语 take over夺取，占据；接替；接管应试指导take短语语境词义辨析take up拿起；占用
29、；开始(从事)take off起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；开始获得成功take in吸收；欺骗；理解take down记录下来；拆除take on承担；呈现；雇用take charge of负责，掌管take part in参加，出席小试身手用take的相关短语完成句子His only reason for investing in the company was to take it 他投资这家公司的唯一原因就是接管它。As wheel design ，vehicles got faster and faster.随着车轮的设计开始成功，车辆变得越来越快。Hes the only student
30、in the class that has been selected the Model United Nations conference.他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的学生。【答案】overtook offto take part in in memory of纪念多词一义in memory of，in honour of，rememberin honour of为了纪念in search of寻找in need of需要in favor of赞同，有利于in charge of负责，掌管in place of代替小试身手用“inn.of”结构完成句子A monument ha
31、s been set up their dear teacher，who made great contributions to education.他们已经竖起了一块纪念碑来纪念他们敬爱的老师，这位老师对教育做出了巨大的贡献。A department store has even opened a new lab，inviting customers on a journey into the stores windows to smell books，pots and drawers， their perfect scent.一家百货商店甚至开了一个新的实验室，邀请进店的顾客到商店的窗户旁
32、闻书、罐、抽屉等来寻找他们最好的嗅觉。Deeds are better than words when people are help.当有人需要帮助的时候，行动胜于言语。The candidate stood aside a more suitable man.那位候选人退出竞选，把机会让给一位更合适的人。【答案】in memory/honour ofin search ofin need ofin favor of no doubt无疑，确实 (1)There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is some doubt whether.怀疑是否without doub
33、t毫无疑问(2)doubt that.不信，怀疑doubt whether/if怀疑/不相信是否小试身手完成句子There is that this candidates advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.(2015湖北高考多项选择)毫无疑问这位候选人的优势在于他用英语与外国人交流的能力。Theres some he has the ability to do the job.他是否有能力做这项工作有些疑问。 ，he is up to the job as long as he wou
34、ld give his mind to it.毫无疑问，只要他专心，他一定能胜任这份工作。But I it could have been better than his own story.但是我不信它比他自己的故事还好。【答案】no doubtdoubt whetherWithout doubtdoubt that阐释2个高考句型 The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sandwhat a pi
35、ty!这片沙漠曾经是绿树成荫的绿洲，但这些树被砍倒了，结果这座城市被沙尘埋了起来多么遗憾啊！句型公式：动名词的复合结构(1)动名词的复合结构作宾语或表语时，如果动名词的逻辑主语指人，那么该逻辑主语可以用普通格或名词所有格；若指无“生命”的事物，则用普通格。(2)动名词复合结构作主语时，则动名词的逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词。小试身手完成句子What worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital.最让那个孩子担心的是不允许他到医院看妈妈。 for the meeting made the schoolmaster
36、 very angry.他开会迟到让校长很生气。【答案】his not being allowedHis being late In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with 1，177 men on board.在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1177人都沉了下去。句型公式：“with宾语宾语补足语”的复合结构。(1)with复合结构在句中表示状态或说明背景情况，常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因、时间、条件等，也可以作定语。(2)with复合结构中作宾语的可以是名词或代词，作宾语补足语的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词等。名师点津在“with复合
37、结构”中，要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系，根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等区别来选择正确的非谓语形式作补足语。小试身手完成句子 ，trees turn green.(时间状语)春天到了，树变绿了。I wouldnt dare go home with the job 工作还没完成，我不敢回家。The kid feels excited with so many places of interest 有这么多的名胜可参观，小孩感觉很激动。【答案】With spring coming onunfinishedto visit单元语法用所给词的适当形式填空1My
38、 English is poor.Im afraid that I cant make myself (understand)2Their house was painted (white)3Nobody but Tom and Jane (be)there last weekend.4Dont leave the water (run)while you brush your teeth.5Whether we go to the party or not (depend)on the weather.6Neither Chinese nor maths (be)easy for us to
39、 learn.7What he said (be)right.8The secretary and headmaster (be)speaking at the meeting now.【答案】1.understood2.white3.was4.running5.depends6.is7.is8.is高考题组.单项填空1(2016江苏高考)Many businesses started up by college students havethanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.Afallen offBtaken offC
40、turned offDleft off【解析】考查“动词off”型短语意义辨析。句意：多亏了良好的创业环境，许多大学生的创业项目已经成功(take off)了。take off意为“开始成功”，符合语境。fall off脱落；turn off关掉；leave off停止。【答案】B2(2015浙江高考)These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.Ain memory ofBin response toCin touch withDin possession of【解析】本题考查短语意义辨析。句意：这些评
41、论是 当地记者常提出的各种具体问题的。in memory of为了纪念；in response to回答，响应；in touch with与有联系；in possession of拥有，占有。根据句子的关键信息these comments和specific questions可知，此处表示这些评论是对各种具体问题的回答，故选B项。【答案】B3(2015陕西高考)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.AtakingB
42、takenCtakeDbe taken【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。分析句子结构可知，此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间是主动关系，且强调动作发生的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间是主动关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间是被动关系，故选B项。【答案】B4(2014四川高考)The manager was sat
43、isfied to see many new products after great effort.Ahaving developedBto developCdevelopedDdevelop【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：经理很满意地看到在做出很大的努力后，许多新产品被开发出来了。分析题干可知，题干中含有“see宾语宾语补足语”结构；宾语many new products与develop之间为被动关系，故要用过去分词作宾语补足语，C项正确。在此结构中，宾语与宾语补足语如果是主动关系，且表示动作的整个过程，要用省略to的动词不定式；若表示动作正在进行，则要用现在分词作宾语补足语；havin
44、g done形式通常不用来作宾语补足语，而是用作状语，表示该动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如：Having made adequate preparations，we did well in the college entrance examination.由于准备充分，我们在高考中发挥得很好。【答案】C5(2014湖南高考)All we need a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.AareBw
45、asCisDwere【解析】本题考查主谓一致和时态。句意：我们所需要的就是一小块地而已，在那里我们可以在整个作物生长期内栽种各种各样的果树。根据空格后的a small piece of land可知，本句谓语动词的数应该是单数，因为当all，all of，half of，the rest of，most of及“百分数或分数of”等后接名词作主语时，句子谓语动词形式根据其后的名词而定，所以排除are和were。而根据句中的All we need可知，这里说的是现在的事实，所以用一般现在时，故排除was，所以选择C项。【答案】C6(2013辽宁高考)The accident caused som
46、e to my car，but its nothing serious.AharmBinjuryCruinDdamage【解析】harm意为“危害；伤害”，主要指精神上的伤害；injury意为“受伤”，主要指躯体和情感上的伤害；ruin意为“毁灭；废墟；崩溃”，强调毁灭和不可修复；damage意为“损坏；损毁；损失”，强调使部分功能缺失。句意：这起事故对我的汽车造成了一些损坏，但是不太严重。【答案】D7(2012湖南高考)All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming damaging our he
47、alth.Ashow；areBshows；areCshow；isDshows；is【解析】句意：所有的科学证据表明，农业中越来越多化学物质的使用正在危及我们的健康。该句为复合句，that引导宾语从句。主句的主语为不可数名词evidence，其谓语动词应使用单数形式。从句的主语为increasing use of chemicals in farming，其中心词为名词use，所以其谓语动词也应使用单数形式。【答案】D8(2012安徽高考)Walmart，which is one of the largest American supermarket chains， some of its st
48、ores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.AkeepsBkeepChave keptDhad kept【解析】句意：沃尔玛，美国最大的超市连锁店之一，让部分店从星期一24小时营业一直到星期六。显然，这是个经常反复发生的动作，应使用一般现在时，主语为Walmart，为第三人称单数，故选A项。【答案】A9(2012陕西高考)The basketball coach，as well as his team， interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
49、AwereBwasCisDare【解析】句意：那位篮球教练以及他的球队在比赛后不久就因为他们杰出的表现而受到采访。as well as连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数由第一个名词或代词决定，本题中as well as连接the basketball coach与his team，the basketball coach为第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，排除A、D两项；另外，由关键信息shortly after the match可知动作发生在过去，句子采用一般过去时，排除C项。【答案】B10(2011安徽高考)The factory used 65 percent of t
50、he raw materials，the rest of which saved for other purposes.AisBareCwasDwere【解析】句意：这家工厂使用了65%的原料，其余的被省下来用作其他用途。题中the rest of which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代raw materials。 the rest of“其余的，剩余的”作主语时谓语动词取决于其后所跟的名词，而which指代剩余的raw materials，是复数名词，因此谓语动词应该用复数形式，根据前半句中的谓语动词used可知从句也要用一般过去时，所以选D项。【答案】D.写作常用句翻译1(2012
51、湖南高考书面表达)遗憾的是当我用现金付我买的鞋子的账时，我发现我的手袋没了。(unfortunately)Unfortunately when I want to pay for my shoes in cash，I found my handbag gone.2(2012陕西高考书面表达)在九月十号下午，我们中的一些人用纸花和气球装饰我们的教室。(decorate)On the afternoon of September 10，some of us decorated our classroom with paper flowers and balloons.3(2010天津高考书面表达)
52、除此之外，我还擅长表达自己。(express)Besides this，I am good at expressing myself.4(2010大纲全国卷书面表达)我写信邀请你担任6月15日在我们学校举行的英语演讲比赛的裁判。(judge)Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15.模拟题组.单项填空1What are you mailing，Ryan?A textbook a new method of teaching ph
53、ysics.I want my friends to take a look at it.Ais based onBbased onCbasing uponDwhich based upon【解析】形容词短语based on a new method.作后置定语修饰a textbook。将D项改为which is based upon也对。【答案】B2 the number of cars，he thought there were not many people at the club.AHe judged byBJudged fromCJudge byDJudging from【解析】考查
54、固定短语judge from/by.“根据判断”。【答案】D3At this rate，the forest will be completely within the next 30 years.AdamagedBruinedCspoiledDdestroyed【解析】句意：按照这个速度，森林将在今后的30年里完全被毁。森林被毁会很难修复，所以选择destroy。【答案】D4To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is expression in words for me.AfromBoverCwithinDbeyond【解
55、析】考查介词。句意：被选为第一位接受此殊荣的人，我实在无法用语言表达自己的感受。beyond expression难以表达。【答案】D【导学号：36742051】5She slipped away without his being of it.ApossibleBawareCcasualDvisual【解析】句意：她悄悄离开，没有让他发觉。be aware of意识到，察觉到，符合题意。【答案】B6Mr.Smith will have to stay in hospital for a good while.Dont worry.Henry will his duties.Atake upB
56、take overCtake inDtake off【解析】考查动词短语辨析。take up占据，开始从事；take over接管，接任；take in接受，理解，欺骗；take off脱下，起飞。【答案】B7He set up the charity his late wife.Ain place ofBin need ofCin favour ofDin memory of【解析】句意：他建立这家慈善机构是为了纪念已故的妻子。in memory of纪念，符合题意。in place of代替；in need of需要；in favour of赞成，支持。【答案】D8I looked at
57、it and found that including the wine，the bill $70.Aarrived atBtopped atCreached inDcame to【解析】come to达到，后面跟表数量的词，表示“达到多少”；arrive at到达(某地)；reach in和top at属于错误搭配。【答案】D9Bob Geldof，who organized Live Aid， to raise money for the famine and it to be a great success.Aintended；turned outBtried；turned overCh
58、oped；turned inDwished；turned up【解析】句意：Bob Geldof成立了Live Aid，这是一个打算为饥荒筹集资金的组织，(这个组织)被证明是一个巨大的成功。intend to打算做，turn out结果是，被证明是；turn over打翻，移交，反复考虑，翻身；turn in上缴，拐入，出卖；turn up出现，卷起，突然发生，开大声音。根据句意选A项。【答案】A10Here ！Here with a young lady.Acomes my brother；comes heBmy brother comes；he comesCcomes my brother
59、；he comesDmy brother comes；comes he【解析】表示方位的副词here位于句首，且第一句的谓语动词为comes，主语是名词my brother，该句要全部倒装；第二句主语是代词he，故主谓不倒装。【答案】C【导学号：36742052】11The moment the 30th Olympic Games open，the whole world cheered.AdeclaredBhave been declaredChave declaredDwere declared【解析】the moment引导的时间状语从句，主语the 30th Olympic Game
60、s与谓语是被动关系，所以首先可排除A、C两项。而B项是现在完成时，不符合题干的时态要求。【答案】D.写作句式升级训练According to our plan，we have English Talent Show today.The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.(2014陕西高考书面表达)As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today，whose purpose is to develop our interest in English learning as well as practical abilities in listening and speaking.(用含有as，schedule的省略句，whose从句以及as well as改写句子)