1、三十七选修8 Unit 2Cloning(限时35分钟). 阅读理解ATwelve-year-old Nishi Uggalle, the new champion of Channel 4s Child Genius show is said to have an IQ “higher than Einsteins”. It sounds impressive, but does that comparison actually mean anything and how seriously should we take IQ as a measurement of intellectual
2、 capacity? The immediate problem is that no one knows what Einsteins IQ was, even including himself . It is assumed he would have an IQ score of 160+. When Nishi was tested almost three years ago by Mensa, a membership organization for people with very high IQs, she scored 162the highest possible sc
3、ore in the test she was taking. The numbers are purely normative(标准的): the test-takers performance is scored against the average for the same age group, based on a series of tests that usually concentrate on pattern recognition, logic and problem-solving ability. The standard for the whole group is
4、100, and most people fall into a range between 70 and 130. Only 2. 5% considered to have an IQ above 130. Mensa only accepts members who are in the top 2% of those tested. The aim of an IQ test is not to measure knowledge, but the individuals ability to learn and their speed in absorbing information
5、. Having zero spatial(空间的)awareness, I look down on them, since they expose me as stupidI once came bottom in an army intelligence test to determine whether I was potential officer material. Experts differ wildly on whether IQ tests are reliable. Some have full faith in them. All we can say with cer
6、tainty is that they test a particular, narrow definition of intelligencethe ability to problem-solve under pressure. The Mensa spokeswoman claims there is a strong connection between high IQ and good health, longevity(长寿) and career success, but she also accepts a high IQ can produce social loneline
7、ss. One of Mensas aims is to bring together “gifted” children because their general cohort(同龄人)may find them a little odd. I know many chess players who are brilliant problem-solvers but can barely deal with “real” life. What is intelligence? That remains the key, unanswered question. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文
8、。作者通过一个据说比爱因斯坦智商还高的12岁小女孩为开头, 引出智商测试法, 阐述了智商测试并不涵盖智力的所有方面, 表达了自己对智商测试不赞成的态度。1. What can we infer from Paragraph 1? A. Einsteins IQ was not tested. B. Nishi is smarter than Einstein. C. Mensa is non-profit organization. D. The average IQ of a Mensa member is 160. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的“The immediate pro
9、blem is that no one knows what Einsteins IQ was, even including himself. It is assumed he would have an IQ score of 160+. ”可知, 没人知道爱因斯坦的智商究竟是多少, 包括他自己, 人们只是推测他的智商有160多, 因此可推断没测试过他的智商。2. What do we know about IQ tests? A. Experts agree that they are reliable. B. The numbers of IQ tests are not standa
10、rdized. C. They do not include every aspect of intelligence. D. They are designed to test the individuals knowledge. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的“All we can say with certainty is that they test a particular, narrow definition of intelligencethe ability to problem-solve under pressure. ”可知, 智商测试不涵盖智力的所有方面。3.
11、What is the authors attitude toward IQ tests? A. Unfavorable. B. Approving. C. Uncaring. D. Positive. 【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据第三段的“I look down on them, since they expose me as stupid”可知, 作者对智商测试是不赞成的。4. According to the text, a person with a high IQ may _. A. be less healthyB. have a poor social lifeC. find
12、it hard to succeedD. die at an early age【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“. . . but she also accepts a high IQ can produce social loneliness. One of Mensas aims is to bring together gifted children because their general cohort may find them a little odd. ”可知, 高智商的人可能不合群, 社交能力差。BA group of university professors r
13、ecently created a scanner they believe can predict the perfect job for anyonesimply by looking at their fingerprints. The group says that in the future, fingerprints could help tell a persons key personalities. To use the scanner, people place their fingers upon the fingerprint reader and computer t
14、echnology connected up to sensors(传感器)reads back what sort of work would suit the individual. The machine bases its results on a collection of a large amount of information in the computer about how fingerprint shapes connect to job selection. Local companies help researchers from the citys Kuban Un
15、iversity of Physical Education and Sport to test the technology. Twenty-one-year-old Oscar Galkin, a mathematics graduate, said, “I got the result from the scanner that I would be suited to a job in IT, which is exactly what I want to do. I dont know if it is luck or if it can really read a persons
16、talents, but it worked for me. ”And Zara Tokareva, aged 20, who feels uncomfortable at the sight of blood, said, “I want to be a house designer but the machine said I should be a nurse. So, no, I dont think it is as clever as it is being made out. ”Though fingerprint identification has been widely u
17、sed in crime discovering, it is still a science that has a lot of possibility of being used, say experts, from discovering drug misuse to personality analysisexactly as hand readers have been saying to do for centuries. “The basic idea is that although everybodys fingerprints are completely differen
18、t, there are obvious features that are common on the fingers of certain professionals working in certain jobs, ”said researcher Ravil Yudin. “Its not really a new idea because hand readers have been saying for hundreds of years that you can tell a persons future by reading their hands. We want to ma
19、tch that by looking at fingerprints and trying to tell what career path people would choose. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们称他们研制出了可以根据指纹预测未来职业的指纹扫描仪, 本文介绍了这种扫描仪的工作原理及测试情况。5. From the text we know that the fingerprint scanner _. A. matches fingerprints to jobsB. tells peoples charactersC. helps collect job inf
20、ormationD. reads individuals mind【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一、二段的介绍可知, 指纹扫描仪是根据指纹预测职业。6. What can we infer from the 5th and 6th paragraphs? A. The fingerprint scanner has been used in job hunting. B. The fingerprint scanner is popular with young men. C. The fingerprint scanner helps companies a lot. D. The fin
21、gerprint scanner needs to be improved. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。第六段提到, 参与测试的这个人认为指纹扫描仪预测的职业跟她的实际情况不符, 据此推知, 指纹扫描仪还有待改进。7. What can we learn from what Ravil Yudin said? A. The fingerprint scanner is based on a new idea. B. Certain peoples fingers actually have something in common. C. Telling ones future by readi
22、ng his hands started a few years ago. D. The technology of fingerprint identification can be used in many fields. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“. . . there are obvious features that are common on the fingers of certain professionals working in certain jobs”可知答案。8. What is the purpose of the text? A. To tell
23、 the future of hand readers. B. To show the features of fingerprints. C. To introduce a technical product. D. To help job hunters. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了科学家们研制出的据说能预测职业的指纹扫描仪。指纹扫描仪属于科技产品, 故C项为最佳答案。. 完形填空One autumn morning, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by 1b
24、ecause Id never seen geese there before. Thinking they would soon leave, I 2the chance to get close to them. I wondered where they came from and why they had chosen our pond. The next morning, the geese were still my3. I walked round to the mailbox, showing them I meant no harm. 4, I couldnt resist
25、getting a5look. I hid behind some tress and6the handsome pair quietly through the branches. I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too! As days passed, I started7to them on my trips to the mailbox. They craned(伸长) their necks and raised their heads8, but seemed to realize I was their friend
26、. By then, my curiosity about9they were staying so long at the pond changed to10. As they were feeding in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their11: the male had a broken left wing. He couldnt12, and his faithful mate wouldnt leave him behind. I asked a biologist what to do. He ex
27、plained that sometimes a13 wing will heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course. On the first day of November, I was working in the neighborhood of the geese with my tractor. As I bent to fasten a chain from the tractor, I14 some movement from the corner of my eye. Both geese were r
28、unning towards the pond. Their wings were15like crazy, struggling for take-off. Gradually, they flew over the pond. They16enough altitude to fly past a neighbors house, and then circled back towards me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of my17. The se
29、asons first snowflakes fell the very next day. The birds must have18that winter was coming, and it was time to go. I became fond of them during their19visit to our pond, and now I miss them. Ill never forget their20to each other. 【文章大意】本文是自然与动物类记叙文。作者在自家的池塘里发现了两只雁, 它们在这里待了很久, 作者偶然发现, 雄雁的翅膀受伤了, 雌雁一直不
30、离不弃。最后, 雄雁的翅膀痊愈后, 它们一起飞走了。作者感觉临走之前它们还跟自己道别, 之后作者很想念它们。1. A. accidentB. surpriseC. natureD. fortune【解析】选B。根据空后的“because Id never seen geese there before”可知, 作者之前从来没在自家的池塘发现过雁, 所以他很吃惊(surprise)。accident“事故”; nature“本质, 大自然”; fortune“运气, 好运”。2. A. increasedB. createdC. deservedD. valued【解析】选D。根据上文中的“Th
31、inking they would soon leave”可知, 作者认为它们不久就会离开, 所以非常珍视(valued)接近它们的机会。increase“增加”; create“创造”; deserve“值得”。3. A. guestsB. puzzlesC. fellowsD. friends【解析】选A。第二天早上, 这两只雁仍然在作者家的池塘里, 没有离开。根据下文作者对这对雁的行为可推知, 作者把它们当作自己的“客人(guests)”, 且最后一段中的visit也是提示。puzzle“谜, 难题”; fellow“家伙”。4. A. InsteadB. ThereforeC. Sti
32、llD. Anyhow【解析】选C。上文说作者走到邮箱那里, 向雁证明他无意伤害它们, 接下来, 作者仍然(Still)抵挡不住走近看它们(的想法)。instead“代替, 而不是”; therefore“因此”; anyhow“无论如何, 不管怎样”。5. A. closerB. quickerC. quieterD. broader【解析】选A。参见上题解析。closer“更近的”符合语境。6. A. approachedB. calmedC. observedD. protected【解析】选C。作者藏在几棵树的后面, 透过树枝静静地观察(observed)这对漂亮的雁。approach
33、“接近”; calm“使镇定, 使平静”; protect“保护”。7. A. turningB. attendingC. drivingD. talking【解析】选D。随着时间的流逝, 作者开始在去邮箱的途中跟它们说话(talking)。turn“转”; attend“接待”; drive“驾驶”。8. A. firmlyB. cautiouslyC. warmlyD. proudly【解析】选B。它们伸长脖子, 谨慎地(cautiously)抬起头来。firmly“坚定地, 牢固地”; warmly“温暖地”; proudly“自豪地”。9. A. whyB. whenC. howD.
34、whether【解析】选A。那时候, 作者对于它们为什么(why)在池塘里待这么久由好奇变成了担心。10. A. sympathyB. rescueC. pleasureD. concern【解析】选D。参见上题解析。concern“担心”符合语境。sympathy“同情”; rescue“营救”; pleasure“愉快”。11. A. companionB. visitC. settlementD. care【解析】选B。作者发现了它们拜访(visit)这里的原因: 雄雁的左翅膀受伤了。visit“参观, 拜访”符合语境。companion“同伴, 旅伴”; settlement“定居,
35、解决”; care“关心, 照顾”。12. A. recoverB. surviveC. flyD. return【解析】选C。雄雁不会飞(fly)了, 它忠实的配偶不愿意抛弃它。recover“恢复”; survive“幸存”; return“返回”。13. A. weakB. foldedC. brokenD. flightless【解析】选C。生物学家解释说, 有时候折断的翅膀会自愈。broken“折断的”符合语境。14. A. heldB. caughtC. directedD. made【解析】选B。当作者弯腰去系拖拉机上的一根链子的时候, 作者从眼角的余光里瞥见(caught)了一
36、些变化。15. A. spreadingB. sweepingC. tremblingD. beating【解析】选D。(这两只雁)拼命地拍打(beating)着翅膀, 挣扎着要飞起来。spread“传播”; sweep“扫过, 冲过”; tremble“颤抖”。16. A. gainedB. setC. discoveredD. lost【解析】选A。它们到达(gained)了足够的高度, 飞过了一个邻居的房子。set“放置”; discover“发现”; lose“丢失”。17. A. reachB. sightC. controlD. help【解析】选B。然后, 它们离开了作者的视线。
37、out of sight“看不见, 在视野之外”, 为固定用法。18. A. concludedB. indicatedC. sensedD. confirmed【解析】选C。就在第二天, 下了第一场雪。这两雁肯定是意识到(sensed)冬天就要来了, 它们该离开了。conclude“推断, 决定”; indicate“指示, 表明”; confirm“确认, 证实”。19. A. unexpectedB. casualC. regularD. short【解析】选A。它们意外拜访作者家的池塘期间, 作者就喜欢上了它们, 它们飞走之后, 现在作者想念它们。unexpected“意外的, 想不到
38、的”符合语境。20. A. contributionB. promiseC. treatD. devotion【解析】选D。作者永远不会忘记它们对彼此的深爱。devotion“深爱, 忠心”符合语境。. 语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。More than 700 years ago, a 17-year-old Italian youth followed his father and uncle on a journey to the East, dreaming about the mysteries of China. The three
39、 set 1. _ on a path that might have frightened even the most ambitious travellers. The young adventurer was Marco Polo. Having a talent for languages, Marco Polo learned to speak Mongolian language and Chinese. Later under the orders of Kublai Khan, he 2. _(travel) far and wide across China. Along t
40、he way, he stopped 3. _(record) detailed notes about the local customs, geography and values of the people, so as to report back to the Khan. Marco Polo returned to Venice 24 years later. With 4. _(count) treasures brought back from the East, he became 5. _ wealthy man overnight. 6. _ he witnessed i
41、n China aroused much interest among his countrymen. Marco Polos journey to China and the contents of the 7. _(vivid) written book, The Travels of Marco Polo, which 8. _(think) to be a fairy tale in Europe at the time, triggered a wave of European interest in the Orient. Marco Polos story is both one
42、 about an explorers search for riches and a Westerner 9. _(follow) his dream to reach China. More than 700 years later, China, the once mysterious Oriental nation, is igniting the Chinese dream of many modern Marco Polos, attracted by its rapid 10. _(develop) and its growing importance in the world.
43、 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。马可波罗在17岁时就随父亲和叔叔来到中国, 看到了中国那时的发展情况。七百多年后的今天, 中国以其快速的发展和在世界上日益重要的地位吸引了更多人。1. 【解析】off/out。考查动词短语。该句句意: 这三个人踏上了一条可能连最雄心勃勃的旅行者都害怕的道路。set off/out为固定短语, 意为“启程, 出发”, 故可知答案。2. 【解析】travelled/traveled。考查动词的时态。根据第一段第一句中的时间状语“More than 700 years ago”可知, 此处讲述的事情发生在七百多年前, 故用一般过去时。3. 【解析】to recor
44、d。考查动词不定式。一路上, 他停下来详细记录当地的风俗、地理和人们的价值观, 以便向可汗汇报。根据语境可知, 空处表示停下来的目的, 故用动词不定式作目的状语。4. 【解析】countless。考查形容词。根据语境可知, 他从东方带回了无数的珍宝, 一夜之间成了富翁。空处修饰名词treasures, 故用形容词形式, 再根据语境可知, 应填countless, 表示“数不尽的”。5. 【解析】a。考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一位富翁”, 且wealthy的发音以辅音音素开头, 故用不定冠词a。6. 【解析】What。考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知, 空处引导主语从句, 也在从句中作及物动词wit
45、nessed的宾语, 故用What引导该主语从句。7. 【解析】vividly。考查副词。空处修饰动词written, 故用副词形式。8. 【解析】was thought。考查时态和语态。which指代The Travels of Marco Polo, 为从句的主语, 且该主语和动词think之间是被动关系, 故用被动语态; 再根据前文时态可知, 应用一般过去时。9. 【解析】following。考查非谓语动词。a Westerner和动词follow之间是主动关系, 且该处作后置定语, 故用动词-ing形式。10. 【解析】development。考查名词。空前的形容词rapid修饰空处, 且空处与后面的importance并列, 故空处用名词形式。
