1、UNIT3CONSERVATIONSectionCWRITINGWORKSHOP&VIEWINGWORKSHOP&READINGCLUB&ASSESSMENT课后篇巩固提升必备知识基础练.单词拼写1.It is a good (论文) apart from a few slight faults.答案essay2. (有机的) produce is very healthy.答案Organic3.Can you put me through to the president office of the (研究院)?答案institute4.There is not much (家禽肉) in
2、the shops.答案poultry5.We gain an advantage over our o because of much more resources.答案opponent6.The scientist c to have invented a new kind of car.答案claimed7.The government declared war on the (毒品) dealers.答案drug8.We were astonished to find the (寺院)still in its original condition.答案temple9.A stream
3、is winding its way through the (山谷) into the river.答案valley.单句语法填空1.School officials say they welcome parental (involve).答案involvement2.She was shocked by the (cruel) of his words,thinking he was too hard on her.答案cruelty3.The (scene) spot is in the south of Beijing.答案scenic4.The area is of special
4、(history) interest.答案historic5.Even in advanced (agriculture) societies,it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.答案agricultural6.You have a tendency to avoid (argue).答案argument7.Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still observe (tradition) customs.答案tradi
5、tional8.The last few years have seen (environment) disasters on a grand scale,and experts are predicting far worse to come.答案environmental9.The majority of people would not support this type of (science) research.答案scientific10.There are sometimes great (culture) differences even between native Engl
6、ish speakers.答案cultural.短语填空in that way, apart from, sum up, for instance, home to, fight for, suffer from, at the rate of, on top of that, be located in1.I enjoyed,the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own.答案for instance2.To ,its worthwhile to rebuild the old bridge.答案sum up3.Id
7、 prefer to do it in this way rather than .答案in that way4. this,the actual cost of misused light is estimated to be millions of dollars every year.答案Apart from5.He has the lung cancer for many years.答案suffered from6.No matter what happens in the court,the judges must stand for us to the justice of ou
8、r cause.答案fight for7.The island is many birds and animals.答案home to8.Narvik the north of Norway.答案is located in9.,he believes in working for money.答案On top of that10.The train was going 95 kilometres an hour.答案at the rate of.完成句子1.另一方面,黑色令人压抑。,black is depressing.答案On the other hand2.他们匆忙地回家了,又饿又冷。T
9、hey went home in a hurry,.答案hungry and cold3.这个书包和我昨天丢失的一样。This is I lost yesterday.答案the same bag as4.他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。He stared at his friend .答案with his mouth wide open5.他死了,留下妻子和五个孩子。He died,with five children.答案leaving his wife关键能力提升练.阅读理解A主题语境:人与自然语篇类型:说明文(2020江西南昌六校期末联考)A new study has found that
10、 North American migratory(迁徙的) birds have been getting smaller over the past 40 years.Researchers say the finding suggests a warming climate(气候) could be affecting bird growth in North Americaand across the world.The study was recently published in EcologyLetters.Researchers measured(测量) the size of
11、 80,000 birds killed from 1978 to 2016 during the spring and fall migrations in the city of Chicago,Illinois.Over the 40-year period,body size decreased in all 52 species.The average body weight fell by 2.6 percent.Leg bone length dropped by 2.4 percent.The one area of growth was the wingspan,which
12、increased by 1.3 percent.The researchers said the wing growth likely happened to allow the birds to continue making long migrations with smaller bodies.The study considered a principle known as Bergmanns rule,in which individuals within a species grow smaller in warmer areas and grow larger in colde
13、r ones.Brian Weeks,a biologist at the University of Michigans School for Environment and Sustainability,helped lead the research.He said that he believes the results show a clear connection between a warming climate and the growth of the birds.“In other words,climate change seems to be changing both
14、 the size and shape of these species,” he said.The study found a direct connection between the average summer temperature and the body size of the birds.Dave Willard works with Chicagos Field Museum,which was in charge of measuring all the birds.He said nearly “everyone agrees that the climate is wa
15、rming,but examples of just how that is affecting the natural world are only now coming to light.”“We had good reason to expect that increasing temperatures would lead to reductions in body size,based on earlier studies,” Weeks said.“I was incredibly surprised that all of these species are responding
16、 in such similar ways.”The researchers plan to continue studying the Field Museum data in an effort to find additional evidence to support their findings.They will also further examine the idea that an individuals physical development can change to fit changing environmental conditions.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明
17、文,讲述了气候变暖会影响鸟类的生长。1.Which of the following didnt go down to a lower level?A.The body size.B.The body weight.C.The leg bone length.D.The wingspan.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theaveragebodyweightfellby2.6percent.Legbonelengthdroppedby2.4percent.Theoneareaofgrowthwasthewingspan,whichincreasedby1.3percent.”可知,翼展
18、的尺寸没有变小。故选D项。2.Which of the following took responsibility for measuring the birds?A.EcologyLetters.B.Brian Weeks.C.The Field Museum.D.Dave Willard.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“DaveWillardworkswithChicagosFieldMuseum,whichwasinchargeofmeasuringallthebirds.”可知,DaveWillard就职于芝加哥菲尔德博物馆,该博物馆负责测量所有鸟类。故选C项。3.What do
19、 the underlined words “coming to light” in Paragraph 5 mean?A.Known.B.Similar.C.Intelligent.D.Distant.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“Wehadgoodreasontoexpectthatincreasingtemperatureswouldleadtoreductionsinbodysize,basedonearlierstudies,”可知,画线词语所在句指的是每个人都同意气候正在变暖,但关于气候变暖如何影响自然界的例子直到现在才为人所知。画线部分的意思是“知道”,故选A项。4.Th
20、emainideaofthepassageisthat.A.fifty-twospeciesofbirdsbecamesmallerB.thewarmingclimatecouldaffectbirdgrowthC.thewarmingclimatemakesthebirdsgrowlargerD.theresearchershaveprovedtheirfindings答案B解析主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Researcherssaythefindingsuggestsawarmingclimate(气候)couldbeaffectingbirdgrowthinNorthAmericaand
21、acrosstheworld.”可知,研究人员表示,这一发现表明气候变暖可能会影响北美乃至全球的鸟类生长,由此可知本文的主要观点是气候变暖会影响鸟类的生长,故选B项。B主题语境:人与自然语篇类型:说明文(2020黑龙江哈尔滨高一期末考试)In the past 50 years,the amount of water in the open ocean with zero oxygen has gone up more than fourfold.In coastal water bodies,including river mouths and seas,low-oxygen sites h
22、ave increased more than tenfold since 1950.Scientists expect oxygen to continue dropping even outside these zones as Earth warms.“Oxygen is fundamental to life in the Oceans,” said Denise Breitburg,a marine ecologist with the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre.“The decline in ocean oxygen ran
23、ks among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earths environment.Actually,its a great loss to all the support services that rely on recreation and tourism,including hotels and restaurants and taxi drivers and everything else.The reverberations(严重影响) of unhealthy ecosystems in the ocea
24、n can be extensive.”In areas traditionally called “dead zones”,like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico,oxygen plummets(大幅下跌) to so low levels that many animals die.As fish avoid these zones,their habitats become smaller and theyre easier to be attacked or caught.But the problem goes far
25、beyond “dead zones”.Even smaller oxygen decline can prevent growth in animals,hinder reproduction and lead to disease or even death.It can also cause the release of dangerous chemicals such as nitrous oxide,a greenhouse gas up to 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide.While some animals can boo
26、m in “dead zones”,overall biodiversity falls.Climate change is the key criminal in the open ocean.Warming surface waters make it harder for oxygen to reach the inside of the ocean.Furthermore,as the ocean as a whole gets warmer,it holds less oxygen.In coastal waters,too much nutrient pollution from
27、land creates algal blooms,which use up oxygen as they die and break down.Peoples livelihoods are also on the line,the scientists reported,especially in developing nations.Smaller fisheries(渔场) may be unable to relocate when low oxygen destroys their harvests or forces fish to move elsewhere.So we hu
28、mans have to carry on a war now and win the war.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。人类活动导致全球变暖,气候变化影响海洋生物的生存,这些会相应地影响人类的生存,人类必须采取措施应对此问题。5.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A.The ocean has been losing its oxygen.B.The amount of sea water is increasing.C.The coastal water bodies are dangerous.D.Earth become
29、s warmer and warmer.答案A解析段落大意题。通过第一段可知海洋面临的现状,在过去的50年里,海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多,低氧地区自1950年以来增加了十倍多。科学家预计,随着地球变暖,即使在这些区域之外,氧气含量也会继续下降,故选A项。6.What can we infer from Denise Breitburgs words?A.Different oceans have different levels of oxygen.B.The decline in ocean oxygen has great influences.C.The future of tou
30、rism relies on the levels of ocean oxygen.D.The decrease in ocean oxygen is the most serious environmental problem.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段中DeniseBreitburg所说的话可知,海洋氧气的减少是人类活动对地球环境最严重的影响之一,这种不健康的海洋生态系统的严重影响还会扩大,由此可见海洋氧气的减少有很大影响,故选B项。7.How does the “dead zone” affect sea animals?A.It offers more food.B.It for
31、ms dangerous gas.C.It reduces their living areas.D.It produces more carbon dioxide.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段的“Inareastraditionallycalleddeadzones.oxygenplummets(大幅下跌)tosolowlevelsthatmanyanimalsdie.Asfishavoidthesezones,theirhabitatsbecomesmallerandtheyreeasiertobeattackedorcaught.”可知,在“死亡地带”,氧气大幅下跌,许多动物死去。当
32、鱼类避开这些区域时,它们的栖息地变小,更容易被攻击或捕获。故选C项。8.How can we win the war according to the text?A.By closing smaller fisheries.B.By controlling humans bad activities.C.By improving peoples living standards.D.By stopping nutrients entering the ocean.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thedeclineinoceanoxygenranksamongthemostseriouse
33、ffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarthsenvironment.Actually,itsagreatlosstoallthesupportservicesthatrelyonrecreationandtourism,includinghotelsandrestaurantsandtaxidriversandeverythingelse.”可知,是人类活动导致了海洋氧气减少,所以要解决此问题必须控制人类的有害活动,故选B项。.应用文写作(2020安徽宿州十三所省重点中学联考)如今灭绝的物种越来越多,保护濒危动物尤为重要。现就如何保护濒危动物写一篇文章,内容如下:1.动
34、物濒危的原因;2.保护的措施;3.呼吁大家。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考范文Everyone knows animals are our friends.But many animals are facing the danger of extinction,because the environment that they are living in has been destroyed greatly.Whats worse,human race is killing them just for getting their fur,skin,teeth
35、and meat.In order to protect our resources of ecology,our government should pass laws and forbid people to hunt the animals in danger.We can work together to plant more trees and call for protecting animals habitats.At the same time,it is necessary to have long-term projects to help the endangered a
36、nimals.Only if we protect animals well can we have a bright future!.概要写作阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。The word“ecosystem” is short for ecological system.An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area.You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where biological organisms s
37、uch as plants,animals and humans coexist in this world.So naturally that includes you and me.Yes,we are all members of an ecosystem!There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environment.Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest.S
38、ome are man-made or artificial to encourage cohabitation(共居) between living and non-living things in a monitored environment,such as a zoo or garden.Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem,and thats because they are the natural food producers for everyone.Plants
39、raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow.When they grow,the plants and their fruits or flowers eventually become a source of food to animals,micro-organism and even humans,of course.Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function,and this happens in a never
40、-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth.Ecosystems are the basis of survival for all living things.We depend on plants and animals for food.In order for us to exist,we need to grow and care about other organisms.We also need to care for the non-living things withi
41、n our environment like air and water so we can continue living as a population.Since plants,animals and humans are all of various species,we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.To preserve our ecosystems,we should stop using too much energy,which happens when we consume more than our share
42、of resources.Humans should not disturb the natural habitat of plants and animals,and allow them to grow healthily for the cycle to continue.Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement:imagine being thrown out of your home because there is no more space for everyone.Worse,overpopulation can al
43、so ruin the environment and cause destruction of existing plants and animals.参考范文An ecosystem is the natural environment for all biological organisms to coexist.(要点1) Ecosystems have different varieties,either naturally made ones or artificial ones.(要点2) Plants,as the natural producers for everyone,
44、are the biggest part of an ecosystem.(要点3) We need to care for all the living and non-living things to survive.(要点4) To achieve the purpose,we should pay attention to issues like the overuse of energy,disturbance of natural habitats and overpopulation.(要点5)文化意识HowManySpeciesAreEndangered?There are 2
45、6,500 species threatened with extinction,according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN),a global network of some 16,000 scientists.That includes 40 percent of amphibian species,33 percent of reef-building corals,25 percent of mammals,and 14 percent of birds.There are now only
46、 7,000 cheetahs left,and the number of African lions is down 43 percent since 1993.Only about 100 Amur leopardsoften poached for their beautiful coatsare left in the wild in southeastern Russia and China.A third of insect species are endangered,and the total number of bugs on Earth is dropping by 2.
47、5 percent every year.“There are examples of species all over the world that are essentially the walking dead,” said biologist Paul Ehrlich.高分写作观点对比类作文一、审题定调观点对比类作文又称为正反观点类作文,主要是就社会上出现的某一个问题进行讨论。首先对问题进行客观的陈述;然后说明当前正反两方面的看法以及各自的理由;最后作者发表自己的观点。二、谋篇布局该写作任务可以分成三个部分。第一部分:开门见山,直接说出观点;第二部分:陈述赞成或者反对的理由;第三部分:
48、个人看法。三、写作模板There is a discussion about/on .Opinions are divided on the question. agree,for they believe that .For one thing,.For another thing,.Furthermore/Besides,.However, disagree with .They hold the view that .First of all,.Moreover,.Most important of all,.In my opinion/As far as I am concerned,
49、.四、组织语言1.The topic of the discussion is becoming more and more popular recently.讨论的话题最近变得越来越流行。2.There are two sides of opinions about it.Some people say A is their favourite.关于这件事有两种观点。有些人说A是他们的最爱。3.They hold their view for the reason of.他们坚持他们的观点是因为4.While others think that B is a better choice in
50、 the following three reasons.而另一些人认为B是更好的选择,有以下三个原因。5.From my point of view.在我看来,我认为6.The reason is that.原因是7.As a matter of fact,there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me,the former is surely a wise choice.事实上,还有其他一些原因可以解释我的选择。对我来说,前者无疑是一个明智的选择。8.Some people believe that.For example,
51、they think.And it will bring them.有些人认为例如,他们认为它会带给他们9.In my opinion,I never think this reason can be the point.在我看来,我从来没有认为这个原因是关键。10.From all that I have said,I agree to the thought that.从我所说的一切来看,我同意的想法。现在很多青少年出国留学,有的人认为这种做法是有益的,也有人认为这种做法不正确。请你以Views on Teenagers Studying Abroad为题,写一篇有关青少年出国留学的英语文
52、章。注意:1.词数80左右;2.谈谈自己的看法;3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考范文ViewsonTeenagersStudyingAbroadRecently,more and more teenagers choose to study abroad.Many people think that it will certainly do good to the children because the independent life will make them learn confidence and perseverance.Moreover,the quality of o
53、verseas education is often higher,thus the child can get a better chance of entering a better university and getting a better job in the future.However,many others disagree with it.On the one hand,early independent life is not necessarily good.On the other hand,the educational quality is also a problem.In my opinion,although studying abroad may bring favourable results,there are still a lot to worry about.Its necessary for the parents and the young students to think second before making the decision.
