1、题型综合练(十二)(限时65分钟). 阅读理解AA new study from Penn State confirms longstanding research into the relationship between color and taste. What consumers see when they eat matters as muchif not morethan what they taste. Researchers gave participants different colors of liquid with different tastes including
2、bitter, sweet, savory(香薄荷)and sour. Participants then tried clear liquids with the same tastes, and they were asked to associate them with a color. Researchers found these associations are easy to learn, and ones that are currently common like red for sweet or yellow for sour may not be set in stone
3、. Six in 10 study participants learned new color-flavor pairings after four exposures. What consumers expect when they see a food prepares themselves to taste certain flavors. The strong associations between color and flavor are well established in scientific community. Branding, packaging and color
4、 quality of the product itself play a big part in creating and maintaining expectations. Food brands have long understood this and worked to establish standards. They rely on visual expectations to pull customers into unfamiliar product. In some cases, color can overpower other senses and convince p
5、eople they taste flavors that arent there. The Penn State researchers set out to test if they could teach color-taste correlations, and found the linkages could be more flexible than many thought in some cases. “This might have suggestions in the food industry if a company were to launch a new flavo
6、red product with a color. Some consumers might not learn or accept a new color and flavor pairing as well as others, ” Penn State food sciences doctoral candidate Molly J. Higgins said in a written statement. Although it may be possible to totally change food colors, it may not be advisable. Accordi
7、ng to this study, 40% of consumers would be left behind, stuck on familiar patterns. Thats a big gamble for food brands to take. Consumers tend to want to know what theyre in for when they select a productand color is a big part of that. While its interesting that consumer expectations for colors co
8、uld shift, the risk of unexpected colors is high for any company. 【文章大意】本文是说明文, 介绍一项研究成果: 颜色和味道之间的关系。长久以来, 人们普遍会把不同的颜色与不同的味道联系起来, 但研究也发现颜色和香味的联系也是可以通过强化打破的。基于此论, 一些品牌和厂家会根据需求选择适合自己产品的颜色来吸引顾客, 但不要轻易尝试改变人们对固有食物的颜色, 那样会失去相当一部分顾客。1. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Different peo
9、ple have different color-taste match. B. Even some common associations can be changed. C. Common associations once set can not be changed. D. The current associations are recorded in the stone. 【解析】选B。句意理解题。根据第三段第一句前半句知ones代替的是上文的associations, 最后一句“Six in 10 study participants learned new color-flav
10、or pairings after four exposures. ”研究中10个参与者中就有6个人在四次接触后学习了新的颜色与味道的搭配, 据此可知上句的may not be set in stone应该是可以改变的, 即不是一成不变的。2. What does the fourth paragraph imply? A. Branding and packaging are more important. B. Color can not influence the taste of a new food. C. People can believe their experiences a
11、nd expectations. D. Seeing is not always believing for new food products. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据本段第一句: What consumers expect when they see a food prepares themselves to taste certain flavors, 因为人们对于自己看到的食物是有期待的味道的, 倒数两句: They rely on visual expectations to pull customers into unfamiliar product. In some ca
12、ses, color can overpower other senses and convince people they taste flavors that arent there. 所以生产商也利用视觉期待达到自己的销售目的, 有些情况下颜色甚至能蒙骗人们的其他感觉让他们尝到原本不存在的味道。3. What is advised in the last paragraph? A. Dont risk changing food colors completely. B. Change food colors to gain more consumers. C. Sticking on
13、familiar patterns is a big gamble. D. Distinguish true or false customers with new food colors. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据本段第一句Although it may be possible to totally change food colors, it may not be advisable. 和最后一句While its interesting that consumer expectations for colors could shift, the risk of unexpected
14、 colors is high for any company. 可知这个赌注太大, 风险过高。BTo stay safe during the coronavirus pandemic, we have had to sacrifice many things we enjoy, including physical contact with others. Gone are handshakes and hugs. Research has shown that humans need physical touch to stay mentally and physically healt
15、hy. Without it, many become lonely, sad and even sick. So, if you feel you need a hug, we know something you can safely put your arms around and hold close: A tree! Tree hugging may sound a little strange. But humans have practiced forms of nature therapy for years. All that nature bathing requires
16、is spending time in nature: listening to its sounds, breathing in its scent, connecting to its life force. Recently, Israel has been promoting tree hugging on social media. The countrys nature and parks agency is behind the public health campaign. Orit Steinfeld is a director for Israels National Pa
17、rk. She said “In this unpleasant coronavirus period, we recommend to people around the world to go out to nature, take a deep breath, hug a tree, express your love and get love. ”The park is about 15 kilometers. Inside the park, some visitors observed the officials advice and hugged trees. Barbara G
18、rant was one of them. “The most basic human need, ” she said, “is for connection, for touching, for hugging. ”“We are not hugging too many people these days. Hugging a tree is quite a nice thing to do. ”Israels tree-hugging campaign is not the first. Icelands Forest Service launched a similar effort
19、 in April. They advised everyone in the country to hug a tree for at least five minutes every day. The Reuters news agency shared a short video showing people in Iceland hugging trees in the forest. Park officials also cleared paths in the woods so that visitors could socially distance while they se
20、arched for that special tree. 【文章大意】本文是新闻报道。报道了在当前疫情下, 人们为了保持身心健康, 一些国家开展了拥抱树木的活动。4. Why can not people have physical contact freely? A. They have to give up many things they like. B. Tree hugging is better than physical contact. C. It is during the troublesome coronavirus period. D. Nature therapy
21、has been popular for years. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。问题问的是“为什么人们不能自由地身体接触? ”根据文章第一段“To stay safe during the coronavirus pandemic”和“In this unpleasant coronavirus period”, 可知这是一段新冠肺炎的特殊时期, 故选C。为了在冠状病毒大流行期间保持安全, 我们不得不牺牲许多我们喜欢的东西, 包括与他人的身体接触。B表述有误, A和D不是原因。5. What is the function of tree hugging? A. To make trees
22、live longer. B. To catch up with the trend. C. To meet more interesting people. D. To meet human basic mental needs. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。从文章第二段Research has shown that humans need physical touch to stay mentally and physically healthy. 可知, 拥抱有助于人们身心健康, 满足人们的心理需求。故选D。6. What is Orit Steinfelds attitude towar
23、d tree hugging? A. Doubtful. B. Optimistic. C. Worried. D. Casual. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。从 recommend一词可知, 她对这个活动是持积极乐观的态度, 故选B。A意思是“怀疑的”, C意思是“担心的”, D意思是“随意的”。CI went back to university full-time at 38 to finish my BA degree. I was the oldest student in all my classes but I would see a few older students aro
24、und the college. I studied history and economics and did very well: I didnt have the distractions that are common among traditional-age students such as partying and boyfriend/girlfriend dramas; I had the discipline that comes from 20 years in the workplace, and thus did everything well and on time;
25、 and I had real-world experience that benefited me greatly. Eamon OKellyI got my masters degree when I was in my 40s. It wasnt any more difficult than it was to get my BA in my late teen-early 20s. Most of my classmates were in their mid to late 20s, but other than having a few cultural references t
26、hat were different, the age difference was not an issue. In fact, I now have a terrific friend who is a decade younger than I and whom I would never have met had we not been in school together. Dianne Mclaren-BrightonI went back to school at 43 and got my BS in photography. I was very nervous about
27、it: I thought the other students would be smarter than me, that wasnt the case. I thought the other students wouldnt like me, that wasnt the case, they didnt like me anymore or less than normal. For the most part, people just do their own thing. I actually feel I had an advantage in classes in that
28、the professors were mostly about my age so I could relate to them better than the other students. Amer KhwajaMy husband left secondary school at 15, and joined the Royal Navy; when he left as a junior officer ten years later, they recommended that he should go to university, but he refused; he felt
29、that at 25 he was too old. Fifteen years and a second career in industrial purchasing later, he suddenly decided he wanted to go to university. He had a wonderful time there, was suddenly a good ten years younger, got a very good degree in Computing and went on to a happy third career as a freelance
30、 programmer and systems analyst. Gill Bullen【文章大意】本文是记叙文。叙述了几位中年人重新回到大学, 继续接受教育并获得学位的事迹。7. What does the underlined word “distractions” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Grades and pressure. B. Hobbies and clothes. C. Partying and dating. D. Worries about finance. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第一段中: “I didnt have the di
31、stractions that are common among traditional-age students such as partying and boyfriend/girlfriend dramas”可知, 没有传统年龄的学生常见的分心, 如聚会和交男女朋友等。故选C。8. Who doesnt think the age difference is a big issue? A. Eamon OKelly. B. Dianne Mclaren-Brighton. C. Amer Khwaja. D. Gill Bullen. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中“the ag
32、e difference was not an issue. ”可知选项B正确。9. How did Amer Khwaja feel at first? A. Confident. B. Enthusiastic. C. Optimistic. D. Inferior. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段“I was very nervous about it: I thought the other students would be smarter than me. . . I thought the other students wouldnt like me, ”可以推断出刚开始作
33、者比较自卑。故答案选D。10. How old was Gill Bullens husband when he went back to university? A. 30. B. 40. C. 45. D. 50. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段“. . . he felt that at 25 he was too old. Fifteen years. . . later, he suddenly decided he wanted to go to university. ”可知, 作者的丈夫大约在40岁的时候决定想上大学了。故选B。. 阅读填句Fishing is a gr
34、eat family sport, and a fun summertime activity. 1. If you have never fished before it can seem very complicated. Expert fishers know when and where to find certain fish and the best technique to catch each fish. Expert knowledge comes from years of experience. 2. As a beginner, the best way to lear
35、n how to fish is to learn from someone who already knows, so when planning your fishing trip, be sure to bring along someone who has fished before. 3, you will need to decide where to go fishing. Probably for the first time you will want to go to a local lake, where the water is calm and there are p
36、lenty of fish. You should also try to research the different types of fish that live in the place where you decide to fish, so you know what types of bait they like to eat and what you want to do with the fish once you have caught it. 4, you probably want to clean the fish, then store it before cont
37、inuing fishing. If you want to release the fish, be extra careful when removing the hook, so it doesnt get hurt too badly, then gently hold the fish in the water and allow it to swim away out of your hands. 5 Take some time to learn from an expert and you will be able to catch all types of fish usin
38、g a wide variety of methods. A. If you want to keep the fishB. After you have decided to go fishingC. Once your hook and bait is in the waterD. Now you have a very basic understanding of fishingE. There are many different species of fish and types of fishingF. Here are a few simple and basic fishing
39、 tips to get you startedG. At this point you will need to determine if you want to keep the fish【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一些简单而基本的钓鱼技巧。1. 【解析】选E。根据前句提到“钓鱼是一项很棒的家庭运动, 也是一项有趣的夏季活动”和后句提到“如果你从来没有钓过鱼, 这看起来会很复杂”可知, 选项E“有许多不同种类的鱼和捕鱼方式”符合语境。故选E。2. 【解析】选F。根据前句提到“专业知识来自多年的经验”以及后文分段陈述钓鱼的技巧可知, F项“下面是一些简单而基本的让你开始钓鱼的技巧, ”
40、承接上句同时也统领下文。故选F。3. 【解析】选B。根据后半句“你需要决定去哪里钓鱼”可知, B项“在你决定去钓鱼之后”和后半句构成时间上的先后关系。故选B。4. 【解析】选A。根据后句“你可能想要清洗这些鱼, 然后在继续捕鱼之前把它(们)储存起来”可知, A选项“如果你想保留这些鱼”是下半句的“条件”。同时也和第二句话“如果你想把鱼放出来, 在卸鱼钩的时候要格外小心, 这样鱼就不会受到太大的伤害, 然后轻轻地把鱼放在水里, 让它从你的手中游走”构成平行并列关系。故选A。5. 【解析】选D。根据后句“花些时间向专家学习, 你将能够用各种各样的方法捕捉各种类型的鱼”和对上文的综合分析可知, D选
41、项“现在你对钓鱼有了基本的了解”既是对上文的总结也和下句构成并列补充关系, 故选D。【知识拓展】词汇积累complicated adj. 难懂的, 复杂的technique n. 技巧, 技术; 手法probably adv. 大概; 或许; 很可能gently adv. 轻轻地; 温柔地extra adj. 额外的; 另外收费的. 完形填空The first time I saw her, she looked messy and tired. She 1that she was in bad luck and complained about her 2life all the time.
42、 Listening to her, I felt like doing something to help. After a few seconds, an idea3 to me. Knowing she believed in fate, I grabbed her hand and proposed to4her palm. Beyond my expectation, she trembled and drew back her hand 5, “No, absolutely not! ”“Whats wrong? ”I asked in6. “20 years ago, a pal
43、mist said I had a bad fate, and I just began to be out of 7from then on. I was in love with a very good boy, but I couldnt believe I would be so lucky, so I8 escaped from him and married my present husband. And that was when my misfortune began. My husband is9. He often10me and even beat me sometime
44、s! ”I interrupted her, took her hand, 11it and 12to shout in surprise, “My God, what a terrible palmist did you meet! You have a13fate! After the age of 40, you will be in luck! ”“Really? ” she asked, with surprise and14 in her eyes. “Im 40 years old now. Are you sure everything will be better next
45、year? ”“Sure. I have been 15palmistry(手相术)for more than 10 years. You can trust me. ”I answered 16. Half a year later, when I saw her again, she looked so different that I didnt recognize her 17. Wearing a smile and dressed neatly, she18like a new penny. The power of19is amazing, and sometimes you j
46、ust need to believe. So if youre at the bottom in your life, just keep telling yourself that everything will 20fine and wait for the miracle. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者说服一位女士相信自己运气会变好, 最终她的状态也得到了改善的经历, 展示了信仰的强大力量。1. A. screamedB. announcedC. insistedD. whispered【解析】选C。句意: 她坚持说自己运气很差, 一直抱怨自己不幸的生活。 scream尖叫; an
47、nounce宣布; insist坚持; whisper低语。句末的all the time是“一直, 总是”的意思, 与insist“坚持”意思相符。故选C。2. A. colorfulB. adventurous C. extraordinary D. misfortunate【解析】选D。 colorful多彩的; adventurous冒险的; extraordinary杰出的; misfortunate不幸的。与前半句中的bad luck呼应, 表明这个人的生活是不幸的。故选D。3. A. happenedB. occurredC. appealedD. referred【解析】选B。
48、happened(to)发生; occurred(to)想到; appealed(to)吸引, 恳求; referred(to)提到。happen和occur都有发生的意思, 但在后接to作短语时意思是不同的, 这里主语是an idea“一个主意”, 要用occur to。故选B。4. A. read B. look C. touchD. examine【解析】选A。从后文作者抓过“她”的手掌并说出一些信息来看, 这里要表达的是“看手相”, 即从掌纹中读出信息。故选A。5. A. shylyB. slowlyC. angrilyD. immediately【解析】选D。从超出作者预期这一点来看
49、, “她”的反应应该比较激烈, 而下文的回应“不, 绝对不行! ”也主要反映态度坚决而非生气, D选项更适合。6. A. disappointment B. amusementC. amazementD. excitement【解析】选C。 disappointment失望; amusement娱乐; amazement惊奇; excitement兴奋。与前文“Beyond my expectation”呼应, 这样的反应是让作者感到惊讶的。故选C。7. A. jobB. luckC. dateD. control【解析】选B。从下文的描述来看, “她”开始遭遇各种不幸, “out of. .
50、 . ”意为“离开, 用完”, 这里指运气花光了。故选B。8. A. roughlyB. graduallyC. finallyD. hopefully【解析】选C。从下文“她”嫁给别人来看, 上一段关系已经结束了, 用finally“最后, 最终”较为合理。故选C。9. A. absent-mindedB. hot-temperedC. strong-willed D. kind-hearted【解析】选B。 absent-minded心不在焉的; hot-tempered性急的, 暴躁的; strong-willed意志坚强的; kind-hearted心地善良的。下一句指出丈夫甚至会打“
51、她”, 显然脾气不好。故选B。10. A. laughs atB. stares atC. points atD. shouts at【解析】选D。laugh at嘲笑; stare at盯着; point at指着; shout at喊叫, 吵嚷。even连接的两个动词是递进关系, 也就是暴力行为的升级, 容易想到是先吵后打。故选D。11. A. spreadB. bentC. hungD. caught【解析】选A。空格后的it指代“她”的手, 作者抓过手来打开以观察手相。故选A。12. A. pretendedB. managedC. determined D. continued【解析
52、】选A。从接下来讲话内容的“My God”及感叹语气可以看出, 作者故意做出惊讶的反应, 好让“她”相信。故选A。13. A. badB. good C. wrongD. right【解析】选B。此处是作者为了让“她”相信自己的运气并不差所说的话, “你的命很好”。故选B。14. A. sorrowB. regret C. depressionD. doubt【解析】选D。 sorrow悲伤; regret后悔; depression消沉, 沮丧; doubt怀疑。从前后两个问句中可以看出, “她”对作者的说话表示怀疑、不太相信。故选D。15. A. offeringB. testingC.
53、studyingD. playing【解析】选C。作者为了让“她”相信自己, 说“我研究手相术已经十多年了。”故选C。16. A. happilyB. curiouslyC. positivelyD. naturally【解析】选C。为了让“她”相信, 语气上的积极自信也能增加说服力。故选C。17. A. at firstB. in all C. on endD. for now【解析】选A。 at first起初, 一开始; in all总计; on end连续地, 竖着; for now暂时。“她”看起来大不一样, 由此可知, 一开始我都没认出她来。故选A。18. A. talkedB.
54、shoneC. behavedD. flew【解析】选B。shine like a new penny字面意为“像一枚新便士一样闪亮”, 指焕然一新、整洁明亮。故选B。19. A. fateB. loveC. beliefD. knowledge【解析】选C。最后一段总结作者的观点, 这个故事中“她”相信自己不会走运就一直倒霉, 一旦开始相信自己会有好运生活也好起来了, 这正是信仰的力量。故选C。20. A. break outB. work outC. find outD. clear out【解析】选B。break out爆发, 突破; work out健身, 解决(问题); find o
55、ut查明, 弄清真相; clear out清理。深陷低谷时要相信一切都会变好, 问题也能得到解决。故选B。. 语法填空An emotional reunion has been 75 years in the making. Two WW 1. _ (survive), 87-year-old Morris Sana and 85-year-old Simon Mairowitz, are cousins 2. _ grew up together in Romania. The boys had been the best friends until the war broke out in
56、 1940, which led to both families 3. _ (flee) the country in separate directions. Since the cousins had no way of communicating with each other after they fled their home nation, both of 4. _(they) assumed that the other had fallen victim to the war. While Sana ended up settling down in Israel, Mair
57、owitz and his family built a new home in the UK. Decades later, Sanas daughter began using the Internet 5. _ (track) down and befriend all of her fathers long-lost cousins and family members. When she told her dad that his beloved cousin 6. _ (find), a meeting between the two was set up. Sanas grand
58、daughter Leetal Ofer recorded their reunion and published the footage to Facebook. In the video, Sana and Mairowitz are 7. _ (tearful) hugging each other and 8. _ (express) their gratitude for the meeting. Ofer later described the reunion 9. _ one of the most moving things she had ever seen. “The wa
59、r tore so many families apart and bringing them together in Israel is so 10. _ (surprise), ” she said. 【文章大意】文章讲述了一场感人的团聚, 既是表兄弟又是好朋友的莫里斯萨纳和西蒙迈罗维茨作为二战幸存者在多年后终于团聚的故事。1. 【解析】survivors。考查名词复数。根据Two可知此处要用名词的复数形式, 且survivor是可数名词。故填survivors。2. 【解析】that/who。考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知, 此处是一个限制性定语从句, 先行词为cousins, 定语从句
60、中的谓语为grew up, 因此可知此处要用关系代词that/who引导定语从句, 在从句中作主语。故填that/who。3. 【解析】fleeing。考查非谓语动词。根据 led to 可知此处要用动名词形式作宾语。故填fleeing。4. 【解析】them。考查词性转换。根据 the cousins可知此处要用代词, 且由both of 可知此处要用them构成主语。故填them。5. 【解析】to track。考查非谓语动词。根据began using the Internet 可知此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填to track。6. 【解析】had been found。考查动词时态和
61、语态。根据a meeting between the two was set up可知, 此处要用过去完成时, 表示已经找到, 且his beloved cousin 与find之间是被动关系, 因此要用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been found。7. 【解析】tearfully。考查词性转换。根据谓语动词are hugging可知此处要用副词修饰。故填tearfully。8. 【解析】expressing。考查非谓语动词。根据连词and 可知此处是并列的动作, 由谓语动词are hugging可知此处用v-ing形式。故填expressing。9. 【解析】as。考查介词。根据described the reunion可知此处要用介词as, 固定短语describe. . . as. . . 描述为。故填as。10. 【解析】surprising。考查词性转换。根据 is so可知此处要用形容词作表语。故填surprising。