1、2015西安市高考英语【四月】阅读理解、完形填空选练（11）答案阅读理解Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelors degree
2、in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex s
3、ubstances. His interest in the“behavior”of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the“building blocks of life”. In 1950, he constructed the first satisfact
4、ory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell. During World War, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end
5、of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures. From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of t
6、he spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。他是唯一
7、一位两度独立获诺贝尔奖的科学家。1. From the first paragraph, we learn that Linus Pauling. A. didnt study hard while in Washington High SchoolB. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel PrizesC. was once badly treated in Washington High SchoolD. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living【解析】选D。细节理解题。从
8、第一段最后一句话“He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. ”可以得出正确答案为D选项。2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first? A. The“behavior”of molecules. B. Physical chemistry. C. Biological chemistry. D. The human body. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第二段第二句话“His int
9、erest in thebehaviorof molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. ”我们可以看出, Pauling的兴趣发生了变化, 从physical chemistry转到了biological chemistry上, 所以正确答案为B选项。3. During World War, Linus Pauling. A. had to stop his research because of the warB. made great co
10、ntributions to the safety of the countryC. joined the army to fight for the safety of the countryD. took part in researching nuclear bombs【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“During World War, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Meri
11、t in 1948. ”可以得出正确答案为B选项。4. The main idea of the passage is to show. A. Linus Paulings attitude towards nuclear weaponsB. Linus Paulings contributions to the worldC. Linus Paulings research on the structure of moleculesD. Linus Paulings getting the Nobel Prize for Peace【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Linus Paul
12、ing一生的成就及其对世界的贡献, 所以应该选择B选项。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Philip was a nine-year-old boy in a Sunday school class of 8-year-old girls and boys. Sometimes the third graders didnt welcome Philip into their group and usually tricked him. This was not because he was older, but because he was
13、 “different”. You see, Philip suffered from a condition called Downss Syndrome. This made him “different”, with his facial characteristics, slow responses and mental problems. One Sunday after Easter, the Sunday school teacher gathered some plastic eggs that pulled apart in the middle. The teacher g
14、ave one to each child. On that beautiful spring day, the children were to go out and discover for themselves some symbol of “new life” and place it inside the plastic eggs. After the children returned to the classroom, the teacher opened their eggs one by one, asking each child to explain that symbo
15、l of “new life”. The first opened egg contained a flower. Everyone cheered. In another was a butterfly. When the teacher opened the last egg, it was empty. “Thats stupid,” said someone. The teacher felt a pull at his shirt. It was Philip. Looking up, Philip said, “Its mine. I did it. Its empty. I ha
16、ve new life, because the tomb is empty.” Not a sound was heard in class at all. From that day on, Philip became a real part of the group. They welcomed him, and whatever made him different was never mentioned again. Philips family knew he wouldnt live a long life, for there were too many things wron
17、g with him.1. The underlined word “condition” in the first paragraph probably means _. A. grade B. status C. health D. disease2. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. A. The 8-year-olds were sometimes cruel B. The 8-year-olds were friendly to Philip C. Philip was really different in sc
18、hool D. Philip was older and more sensitive3. The teacher gave each child one plastic egg to let them _. A. play around on that beautiful spring day B. put some symbol of “new life” into it C. try to pull it apart in the middle D. go out and discover themselves 4. After Philip explained his new life
19、, _. A. The class thought he was clever. B. The class fell silent. C. He began to study in the class. D. He felt dying.5. We learn from the passage that _. A. The teacher used to have classes outdoors B. The Philips new life wish was empty C. Philip was healthy as a whole D. Philip was accepted by h
20、is classmates in the end【参考答案】D A B B D 阅读理解。Whether in the workplace or on the football field, effective teamwork can produce amazing results. However, working successfully as a team is not as easy as it may seem. Effective teamwork certainly does not just happen automatically; it takes a great dea
21、l of hard work and compromise. There are a number of factors that must be in place to make a good team.Effective leadership is one of the most important factors of good teamwork. The teams leader should possess the skills to create and preserve a positive working environment and motivate and inspire
22、 the team members to take a positive approach to work and be highly committed. An effective team leader will promote a high level of spirit and make them feel supported and valued.Communication is a vital factor of all interpersonal relationship and especially that of a team. Team members must be ab
23、le toarticulatetheir feelings, express plans and goals, share ideas and see each others opinions.Conflicts will arise no matter how well a team functions together. The best way to deal with conflicts is to have some organized methods of handling conflicts. Team members should be able to voice their
24、concerns without fear of offending others. Instead of avoiding conflict issues, a hands-on approach that settles them quickly is much better. It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and trying to remain object
25、ive if possible.The team leader must set a good example to create good teamwork. In order to keep team members positive and committed and motivated, the team leader himself needs to show these qualities. The team turns to the leader for support and guidance. So any negative words or behaviors on the
26、 leaders part can be disastrous.Regardless of what type of work you are in, knowing how to effectively work on and with a team is going to be extremely important to your success and that of your team.6. Effective leadership is important partly because _.A. it helps a leader to develop lots of skills
27、B. it makes a leader feel supported and valuedC. it creates a positive working environmentD. it depends on interpersonal relationship of a team7. The underlined word “articulate” probably means _.A. hideB. feelC. expressD. plan8. When conflicts arise among team members, the team leader should _.A. w
28、orry about the team membersB. ignore the team members voicesC. try to avoid conflict issues D. work out their differences9. To become a good team leader, you have to _.A. be positive and committedB. set up a good teamC. look for support from the team D. avoid natural disasters10. Which is the best t
29、itle for the passage?A. Football And Teamwork B. What Makes Effective TeamworkC. Handle Conflict In A TeamD. Communication And Teamwork【参考答案】610、C C D A B完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Mr. and Mrs. Harris had always spent their summer holidays in a small hotel at the seaside near the
30、ir hometown. One year, however(然而) , Mr. Harris made a lot of 1 in his business, 2 they decided to go to a foreign country and stay at a really good 3 .They flew to Rome, and 4 at a 5-star hotel late in the evening. They thought they would have to go to bed hungry, because in that 5 hotel where they
31、 had been used to stay in the past, no meals were served (供应) 6 seven in the evening. They were 7 to be told that the hotel served dinner until ten.“Then what are the times 8 meals?” asked Mrs. Harris.“Well, madam, we serve breakfast from seven to eleven, lunch from twelve to three, 9 from four to f
32、ive, and dinner from six to ten.”“But that hardly 10 any time for us to see the city!” said Mrs. Harris.名师点评哈里斯很少住星级宾馆，一次在罗马旅行时住进了一家五星级宾馆，因为对宾馆提供的服务不胜了解，结果闹出了笑话。(D)1. A. mistakesB. time C. friends D. money 【解析】D。根据下文，哈里斯夫妇出国旅游并住进高级宾馆，说明他们赚了很多钱。故选money。(B)2. A. but B. so C. though D. yet【解析】B。made a
33、lot of money与下文go to a foreign country构成因果关系， 故选so。(A)3. A. hotel B. place C. city D. restaurant【解析】A。与下文他们住进a 5-star hotel相对应，这里应选择hotel。(C)4. A. stayed B. got C. arrived D. reached【解析】C。表示到达目的地，reach可直接接宾语， get后应加介词to， arrive为不接物动词，后应加介词in或at才能接宾语，所以arrive为正确选项。(A)5. A. small B. big C. foreign D.
34、good【解析】A。根据文章的第一句，以前他都是住的small hotel，这里应选small。(B)6. A. on B. after C. during D. until【解析】B。on和during都不能与seven连用。他们估计要挨饿，说明在以前住的宾馆里7点以后不可能有饭菜供应。故应选择after。(C)7. A. tired B. interested C. surprised D. worried【解析】C。有人告知饭菜供应会持续到十点时，他们理应感到surprised。(D)8. A. with B. on C. at D. of【解析】D。of常用来表示所有关系，the times of the meals表示“每顿饭的供应时间”。(B)9. A. drink B. tea C. beer D. food【解析】B。根据西方人的生活习性，宾馆一般不会在一段时间只供应啤酒，下午喝茶比较合乎常理。故选tea。(D)10. A. takes B. does C. has D. leaves【解析】D。哈里斯以为从早到晚都得在吃饭或喝茶，几乎没有剩余时间观光旅游了，leave表示“剩下，遗留”，为正确选项。