1、Section Discovering Useful Structures第一版块|核心单词1.function n功能；作用；机能vi.起作用；正常工作；运转(教材P30)Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions.他们制造了一种功能更多的新电脑。the function of a policeman 警察的职责the function of a clock 钟表的功能the function of the heart 心脏的功能perform/serve vital function 起重要作用function as 起作用；具有功能
2、function as a mobile phone 具有移动电话的功能In your new job you will perform a variety of functions.在新的工作岗位上，你将要履行许多不同的职责。The sofa also functions as a bed.这沙发还可当床用。Flights in and out of Taipei are functioning normally again.进出台北的航班又恢复正常了。联想拓展：perform/fulfill a(n).function履行职责，发挥作用perform a variety of functi
3、ons履行多种职责function well/normally运转良好/正常 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Compared to the traditional ones, they have three new unique _ (function)Although the electricity was cut off, the hospital continued to _ (正常运转)To put it another way, his advice _ (起作用) part of the solution.2.confirm vt.确认；使确信；证实；证明；批准confirmati
4、on n证实；确认书；证明书(教材P30)Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password？你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗？confirm that/wh- 证实It has been confirmed that. 已经证实confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事confirm sb. as sth. 任命某人担任某职位What you have said confirms my prediction.你的话证实了我的预测。It has been confirmed that people are more likely to get ill under p
5、ressure.已经证实，人们在压力下更容易生病。The latest evidence confirmed us in his idea.最新的证据证实了他的观点。He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices.在最终决定之前，家长/照料者将被要求签字确认他们孩子的选择。He proved (
6、to be) a great writer.事实证明他是一位优秀的作家。/他证明是一位优秀的作家。词语辨析：confirm与prove(1)confirm和prove均可作及物动词，后接宾语；(2)prove还可作连系动词用，意为“证明是，被发现是”，后接形容词或名词作表语，常用固定搭配是prove (to be)adj./n.。 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子It _ (confirm) by experience that this is the right approach to the command of grammar.The official _ (confirm) that t
7、he paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.His words confirmed me _ my belief that our cause was right.The President confirmed him _ Secretary of State._ (已经证实) it was the drivers carelessness that resulted in the terrible accident.We _ (证实了那则报道)3.press vt.按；压；敦促pressure n压力(教材P30)
8、Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file？你按下按钮复制文件了吗？press against sth. 紧贴着某物press.against/on. 把按在上press a button/switch/key 按下按钮/开关；按键The shoes press against my toes.这双鞋压着我的脚趾。Press the button, then the machine will work.按下电钮，机器就能转动了。词语拓展：be under pressure to do sth.面临做某事的压力put pressure on
9、sb.给某人施加压力blood pressure血压reduce pressure减轻压力give in to pressure屈服于压力under pressure to resign被迫辞职的压力deal with pressure应对压力 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood _ (press) to mental illness.Michael took a few steps ba
10、ckwards and pressed his back _ the wall.Im _ (处于压力下) from my parents to become a teacher.The company may have _ (对施加压力) her to agree.第二版块|单元语法现在完成时的被动语态即学即练单句语法填空1Wildlife _ (threaten) greatly in the modern age. There are species (物种) that are disappearing every day.2A 90-year-old _ (award) “Woman O
11、f The Year” for being Britains oldest full-time employee still working 40 hours a week.3While much of the debate so far _ (focus) on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放)
12、 and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.4Use a fire extinguisher only if you _ (train) to do so.5Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music _ (lose)6Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _ (reach) so far by the two sides.
13、7We wont start the work until all the preparations _ (make)8Sarah _ (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.9Hes the only student in the class that _ (select) to take part in the Model United Nations conference.10In the last few years thousands of
14、 films _ (produce) all over the world.现在完成时的被动语态的2个用法1表示动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，经常与一些副词连用，如：already，ever，never，recently，lately，just，yet等，通常把这些副词放在助动词have或has的后面，有时候也可以放在句末。Toms novel has not been published yet.汤姆的小说还没有出版。2表示一直持续到现在的动作或状态，经常与for a time，since，how long，so far等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。The child has b
15、een taken care of by grandma all these years.这些年来，孩子一直由奶奶照看。【名师点津】现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，就是have/has和been，这两个都是助动词，缺一不可。.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别一般过去时的被动语态表示的是一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，它的结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态，动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但强调这个动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。*The house was built last year.这个房子是去年建造的。*The house has been built. We
16、can move in.这个房子已经建好了。我们可以搬进去。.几点注意事项1由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态，不能与表示一段时间的状语(如：for four days，how long等)连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。试比较：*How long has this book been bought？()*How long ago was this book bought？()2短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。试比较：*The patient has been taken
17、good care.()*The patient has been taken good care of.()3并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如：happen，occur，take place，break out，belong to，cost，last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。试比较：*Some of the best conversations have ever been happened around the dinner table.()*Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner t
18、able.()基础知识自测.单句语法填空1A great many machines _ (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution.2Great changes _ (take) place in my hometown and a lot of factories _ (set) up in the past ten years.3In the last few years, thousands of films _ (produce) all over the world.4Up to now, a lot of
19、 high-rise buildings _ (build) in our city. 5Over the past three years, more than $10 million _ (spend) carrying out the project.6The robots _ (use) to help humans do some dangerous work since the late 1990s.7The English song _ (sing) for many years, but we still like it.8Professor Yang _ (invite) t
20、o the film festival twice so far.9Over time I _ (change) quite a lot.10It _ (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.句型转换1We have sent some rockets to space to explore the Moon and Mars.Some rockets _ to space by us to explore the Moon and Mars.2Robert has bought an iPhone using his own money.An i
21、Phone _ by Robert using his own money.3The famous company has given the computers away to those high schools.The computers _ by the famous company to those high schools.4The local government has chosen the university to organize the training course.The university _ by the local government to organiz
22、e the training course.5They havent told me that the meeting will be put off until next Friday.I _ that the meeting will be put off until next Friday.6People use bamboo in many different ways for thousands of years.Bamboo _ in many different ways for thousands of years.Section Discovering Useful Stru
23、ctures语法精讲难点透析第一版块|核心词汇1functionsfunction normallyfunctions as2is confirmedconfirmedinasIt has been confirmed thathave confirmed the report3pressureagainst/onunder pressureput pressure on第二版块|单元语法即学即练1has been threatened2.has been awarded3.has been focused4have been trained5.has been lost6.has been
24、reached7.have been made8.has been told/was told9.has been selected10.have been produced课时达标随堂自测.单句语法填空1have been produced2.have takenhave been set3.have been produced4.have been built5.has been spent6.have been used7.has been sung8.has been invited9.have been changed10.has been used.句型转换1have been sent2.has been bought3.have been given away4has been chosen5.havent been told6.has been used