1、brick n. fire vt. softball n. clinic n.concrete n. outdoors adv. power vt. spaceport n.resource n. online adv. flick n. dishwasher n.material n. catalogue n. surgery n. colony n.solar adj. recreation n. telesurgery n. pad n.urban adj. bowling n. outpatient n. doormat n.landfill n.1(2019天津卷)I liked f
2、acts, things that are concrete.I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.具体的2(2018全国卷)The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.猛冲3(2018浙江卷)Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farmba
3、sed society into an industrial power.强国4(2018浙江卷)The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger.形成；塑造单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1alternative adj.替换的；供选择的2arrest vt.逮捕；拘留 3limit n(常作复数)范围4command n命令；指令5charge n费用；价钱6switch n开关
4、 vi.交换；调换7shape vt.造成的形状8eventually adv.最后；终于用所给词的适当形式填空。1(2020天津卷)He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches(switch) it on.2(2018江苏卷)Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits(limit) and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts D
5、istrict.3He hated being in the army because he had to obey commands(command) there.4Childhood experience often plays a big part in shaping(shape) ones character.5The escaped prisoner got arrested(arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station.派生单词语境运用1mud n泥muddy adj.泥泞的2crime n罪；罪行criminal
6、 n罪犯；犯人3risk vt.& n冒险risky adj.危险的；冒险的4rely vi.依赖；依靠reliable adj.可依靠的；可依赖的5load vt.装；装载 unload v卸载upload vt.上传download vt.下载6disable vt.使人丧失能力；使残疾disabled adj.有残疾的；无能力的disability n失去能力；伤残7attach vt.系；贴；连接attachment n附件8optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的optimism n乐观主义9definite adj.肯定的；确定的definitely_adv.无疑地；确定地
7、10predict vt.预言；预料prediction n预测用所给词的适当形式填空。1They predicted that there would be an earthquake, but their prediction didnt come true.(predict)2The little boy tried to save his sister from the river at the risk of his own life, which is quite risky.(risk)3Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for
8、 help so your software must be reliable.(rely)4It is bad manners to laugh at disabled people.Most of us may end up in disability.(disable)5Dont forget to check that your attachment is actually attached_to the email.(attach)6Mary is an optimistic girl and she believes optimism can create miracles.(op
9、timistic)7I definitely remember sending the letter and Im definite about this.(definite)短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1for_sure 肯定地2run_out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了3rely_on 依靠4get_rid_of 除掉；处理掉5look_out 小心；当心选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。No one knows for_sure what will happen in the future.I wonder what we will rely_on when natural resource
10、s run_out.What we can do now is to protect the environment by looking_out for our own behavior.We should try to get_rid_of bad habits.Only in this way can we have a bright future.6place_an_order/orders 订购7free_of_charge 免费8use_up 用完9for_a_start 首先10on_the_way_out 即将被淘汰；即将过时选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。I hear that
11、you have_placed_an_order with a new type of smart phone.Here is my opinion.For_a_start，with science and technology developing quickly，it will be on_the_way_out soon.Besides，if you keep on spending money like this，you will soon use_up all your money.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.动名词作主语。No one knows for sure, a
12、nd making predictions is a risky business.常言道，早睡早起是个好习惯。As the old saying goes，going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit.2.“no matter疑问词”引导让步状语从句。Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.无论明天发生什么，只要紧紧抓住今天，你就不会后悔。No_matter_what_
13、happens_tomorrow,hold on to today and you wont regret.3.too .to. 太而不能Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future！他们意识到太晚了赶不上最后一班火车了。They realized that it was too_late_to_catch the last train.4.部分否定。Not all predictions come true.虽然我俩并非都乐意，但最终还是同意了。We agreed, although not_both_of_us wer
14、e glad about it.1alternative adj.替换的；供选择的 n可能的选择；选择对象高考原句2019江苏卷.but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative longterm costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.(1)an alternative to 的替代品have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事have the al
15、ternative of doing sth.有做某事的选择(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地；或者use as many alternative energy resources as possible 尽可能多地使用替代能源have no alternative but to wait 只好等待offer drivers more alternatives 给司机提供更多的备选路线基础练习单句语法填空Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative to gasoline.W
16、e could go to the Indian restaurant, or alternatively(alternative) get one from the ticket office when you arrive.For lack of fund, they had no alternative but to_stop(stop) the project for the time being.链接写作词汇升级普通表达：We have to spare no effort to make full preparations for the coming College Entran
17、ce Examination.高级表达：We have_no_alternative_but_to_spare no effort to make full preparations for the coming College Entrance Examination.联想发散“别无选择只好做”的其他表达形式还有：have no choice but to do sth.；cant do (help) but do sth.；cant choose but do sth.；can do nothing but do sth.等。2command n命令；指令；掌握；指挥；控制 v命令；指挥(
18、1)at sb.s command 听某人支配in command of 指挥；控制in/under the command of 由指挥；由控制take command of 控制；担任的指挥have (a) good command of 很好地掌握，精通(2)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command that .(should) do . 命令必须做in command of the attached school 管理这所附属学校have a good command of spoken English and the computer 精通英语口语和电脑
19、command the workers not to leave their office before dark 命令工人们天黑前不要离开办公室基础练习单句语法填空Im at your commandwhat would you like me to do?The police commanded him to_describe(describe) what had happened the day before.The police commanded that he (should)_describe(describe) what had happened the day before.
20、Nobody can take command of the situation where everything is in a mess.链接写作词汇升级普通表达：The applicants are supposed to be outgoing persons who know both Chinese and English well.高级表达：The applicants are supposed to be outgoing persons who have_a_good_command_of both Chinese and English.联想发散下列动词后的名词性从句常用虚
21、拟语气：一坚持：insist；二命令：order, command；三建议：suggest, advise, recommend；四要求：demand, request, require, ask；再加一个敦促：urge。3charge n费用；价钱；主管；负责 vt.收费；控诉；充电高考原句2019全国卷At first the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents chargedand some of the older wellknown papers charged five or six
22、 cents.(1)take charge of 掌管/负责in charge of 控制/管理in/under the charge of 受的管理free of charge for free 免费(2)charge sb.for sth.为某物向某人收取费用charge sb.with (doing) sth.accuse sb.of (doing) sth.控告某人(做)某事in charge of collecting the rubbish 负责收集垃圾be charged with taking drugs 被指控吸毒charge me fifty dollars for a c
23、up of coffee 一杯咖啡向我要价50美元基础练习单句语法填空Your order will be delivered free of charge within a tenmile limit.There is a heated discussion on whether museums should charge for admission or not.They are afraid of being charged with knocking him or her down if they help the old.链接写作一句多译他不能掌管那家电脑公司，因为这超出了他的能力。
24、He cant be in_charge_of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.He cant take_charge_of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.The computer company cant be in/under_the_charge_of him because it is beyond his ability.4attach v系；贴；连接；把固定；使附属；重视高考原句2018浙江卷For all the feeling
25、s readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.attach .to .把系到上；使和相联系attach oneself to sb./sth.依附于某人；参加某事attach importance/significance to 认为重要/有意义be attached to 依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于with a suitable poem attached to it 上面附着一首与之相配的诗be attached to
26、 the network games 沉迷于电脑游戏attach great importance to developing childrens good habits 重视培养孩子们的好习惯基础练习单句语法填空(2020全国卷)While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them.The boy is now studying in the middle school attached(attach)
27、 to the normal university.My parents always attach great importance to my getting a good education.链接写作句式升级普通表达：Parents attach much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.高级表达：Attaching_much_importance_to_education,parents will do their best to gi
28、ve their children that priceless gift.(现在分词短语作状语)5shape vt.造成形状；塑造 n形状；体形(1)shape .into .把加工/塑造成be shaped like 形状像(2)be in good/bad shape 情况良好/不佳in shape 在形状上；处于良好状态out of shape 变/走样；不成样子；身体不舒服，生病in the shape of 某种形状的，呈的形状play an important part in shaping ones character 在塑造一个人的品格上起重要作用look really be
29、autiful in the shape of a diamond 看起来非常漂亮有着钻石一般的外形be shaped like different kinds of animals 呈现不同种类动物的形象基础练习单句语法填空(2020天津卷)For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake in the shape of a monkey.The theme park shaped(shape) like a castle where we played last Sunday left me a deep impression.Tom alw
30、ays goes jogging in the morning and he usually does pushups too to stay in shape.链接写作一句多译一条形状像L的新的道路正在我的家乡修建。A new road, whose_shape_is_like_an_L,is being built in my hometown.(shape n)A new road, shaped_like_an_L,is being built in my hometown.(过去分词短语作定语)6run out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了(1)run out of 用完(及物动词短
31、语)use up 用完；耗尽(及物动词短语)give out 用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽(不及物动词短语)(2)run across 偶然遇到run after 追逐；追求run into 撞上；偶遇run for 竞选run out of energy and patience 耗尽了精力和耐心run for the vice president of the English Club 竞选英语俱乐部副主席的职位run into the same difficulty that beat me before 遭遇到曾击败过我的同样的困难基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)Through the
32、years, Id run into/across former students who would provide updates on old classmates. Mary was fond of running after every new fashion when she was young.(2019北京卷)If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed.链接写作一句多译我的钱已经花完了，因此我买不起这本
33、书。I have_run_out_of/have_used_up my money, so I cant afford to buy the book.My money has_run_out/has_given_out,so I cant afford to buy the book.(主动语态)My money has_been_run_out_of/has_been_used_up,so I cant afford to buy the book.(被动语态)7rely on/upon依靠；依赖；信任(1)rely on sb.to do sth. rely on sb./ones do
34、ing sth.依靠某人做某事rely on it that .相信；指望(2)reliable adj.可靠的，可信赖的rely on surfing the Internet rather than reading newspapers for news 依赖上网而非读报获取新闻have to rely on your own judgement 必须依靠你自己的判断rely on their parents to do everything for them 依赖父母为他们做所有事情基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)Some students dont have a reliable
35、(rely) car, while others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days a week.Nowadays the children rely more on their parents to_do/doing(do) everything for them.You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.链接写作一句多译你可以相信你在困难时我会帮助你。You may rely_on_me_to_help_you when you a
36、re in trouble.(不定式)You may rely_on_me/my_helping_you when you are in trouble.(v.ing形式)You may rely_on_it_that_I_will_help_you when you are in trouble.(从句)8(教材P8)Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future! 我现在忙于享受生活，而无暇为未来担忧！句型公式too .to do sth.“太而不能做某事”，是一个表示否定意义的句型。(1)某些形容词与“too .to
37、.”句型连用时，too( very)表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表示情感的词，如glad, pleased, surprised, delighted, happy, willing, ready, eager, anxious等。(2)“too .to .”结构和never, not等否定副词连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“无论也不过分，越越好”。金句推送Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too e
38、arly to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.同学们在考虑上哪所大学之前应该对大学有一个正确的态度，为健康且有意义的大学经历做些必要的准备永远都不会太早。基础练习单句语法填空(2019全国卷)We all know that exercise is good for us, but sometimes it seems too hard to_leave(leave) the sofa.I hate it when she calls me at workIm always
39、 too busy to carry on a conversation with her.We had intended to take a twoday trip, but we were too busy to afford it. 链接写作一句多译玛丽学习太专注了，以至于没有听到外面的嘈杂声。Mary was too_absorbed_in_her_studies_to_hear the noise outside.(too .to .)Mary was so_absorbed_in_her_studies_that_she_didnt_hear the noise outside.(
40、so .that .)9(教材P9)Not all predictions come true.并不是所有的预言都会变为现实。句型公式句中Not all .为部分否定，意为“并非都”，有时也可用“all .not”表示。(1)英语中的all, both, every, everybody, everything, always, whole, entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhe
41、re等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。金句推送“Where there is a will, there is a way” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not all understand it so well.“有志者事竟成”是一个几乎人人皆知的古老谚语，但并非所有人都理解得那么透彻。基础练习单句语法填空While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.As a matter
42、 of fact, none of us can live alone in society.The challenge is not for everybody, but I think its worth attempting.链接写作一句多译事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。The truth is that not_everyone_is_attaching_great_importance_to time management.(not everyone .)The truth is that everyone_isnt_attaching_great_importance
43、_to time management.(everyone .not)夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming(become) rich and famous.2Im too tired to_think(think) of anything now.3Often our behavior is_shaped(shape) by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize.4There were
44、so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to_wait(wait)5The boss commanded his workers not to_leave(leave) their office before dark.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1While you have a good command of English, you still need more practice.2You may rely on it that Tom will come and
45、help us if we are faced with a dilemma.3Not both of my parents are in favor of my idea of travelling around the world.4Her son was charged with cheating by the police, which made it difficult for her to go to sleep.5The accident happened a few days ago and time is running out for the trapped miners.
46、查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1I dont want to put all my money into the risky(risk) business.2Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded(load) with goods. 3You can definitely(definite) save a lot of money by buying a cheaper one instead. 4Not many people agree with the gover
47、nments prediction(predict) that the economy will improve.5She is deaf, but refuses to let her disability(disable) prevent her from doing what she wants to do.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1No one knows for sure when advertising first started.2For a start, we dont have enough money, and secondly, we dont have enough
48、time.3Be sure to switch off the light when you leave the office. 4Wed almost finished solving the problem when our time was used up.5Short skirts are definitely on the way out now and longer ones are in fashion again.强技提能语言应用.语法填空Can you predict what our life will be like in the far future? Are you
49、optimistic about it? Now, Id like to talk about the future.I think paper money will 1.definitely(definite) be on the way out and eventually be replaced by credit cards. For a start, paper money isnt easy 2.to_carry(carry). Secondly, its safer for us to use credit cards. Thirdly, we can place 3.order
50、s(order) online and pay by credit card rather than in cash. Natural resources such as coal and oil 4.are_running(run) out. By the time we use them up, we will have to rely 5.on alternative energy, such as solar and wind energy for daily life and to power machines. Cars will become so 6.advanced(adva
51、nce) that we can change their colors and shapes at the flick of a switch.We can enjoy many recreations, such as bowling, softball and concerts free 7.of charge. We can load spaceships with waste and send them towards other planets. As we can get rid of rubbish in urban areas, 8.there will be no need
52、 to have a landfill. As for operations, doctors can do surgery or telesurgery for outpatients without leaving their clinics. The police can arrest criminals by 9.firing(fire) nets.Do you think all my 10.predictions(predict) will come true one day?.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)地球上的资源是有限的。The resou
53、rces_on_the_earth_are_limited.科学家预言随着经济的发展这些资源会用完的。Scientists predict_that_the_resources_will_run_out with the development of economy.我们可以相信科学家最终会找到替代能源。We can rely_on_scientists_to_find_alternative_energy_eventually.我们应该重视环境保护。We should attach_importance_to environmental protection.我们必须摆脱浪费能源的做法。We
54、 have to get_rid_of any practice that wastes energy.我们应该过低碳生活，用电、太阳能或风能给车提供动力。We should live a lowcarbon life and power_cars_with electricity, solar energy or wind power.无论我们在哪儿，我们都应该注意自己的行为并且为保护环境做出贡献。Wherever we are, we should look_out_for our own behavior and make contributions to protecting the
55、environment.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)用rely on后跟宾语从句改写句We_can_rely_on_it_that_scientists_will_find_alternative_energy_eventually.(2)用“no matter疑问词”改写句No_matter_where_we_are,_we_should_look_out_for_our_own_behavior_and_make_contributions_to_protecting_the_environment.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
56、The resources on the earth are limited.Scientists predict that the resources will run out with the development of economy.However, we can rely on it that scientists will find alternative energy eventually.At the same time, we should also attach importance to environmental protection.For a start, we have to get rid of any practice that wastes energy.Secondly, we should live a lowcarbon life and power cars with electricity, solar energy or wind power.In a word, no matter where we are, we should look out for our own behavior and make contributions to protecting the environment.