1、第3讲形容词和副词形容词和副词是历年高考的必考点，是考生做好英语语法填空题和短文改错题必须要掌握的知识。形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词，表示事物或人的性质和特征。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至是句子。语法填空题对形容词和副词的考查主要是形容词作定语或表语、形容词和副词的比较级或最高级、形容词和副词的词性转化等。判定方法应用体验当括号中所给提示词是形容词或副词，而空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。(2017浙江高考)Sixteen years earlier (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to c
2、ook a meal.(2016全国卷)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater (great) and less importance.(2017绵阳市模拟)The London Underground is the oldest (old) underground railway network in the world.自主练悟谨记规律(2017桂林市联考)To them, life is a compet
3、ition they have to do better (good) than their peers to be happy.(2017菏泽市模拟)People who forgive show less (little) anger and more hopefulness.(2017成都市模拟)If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will result in more (much) fighting.(2017上饶市模拟)My life is a lot eas
4、ier (easy) at high school because my fellow students have accepted me.(2017揭阳市模拟)Certain stores offer discounts of up to 70% or even higher (high) if people use their credit cards.(2017淮北市模拟)The more you think about it, the harder (hard) you will fall asleep.(2017安徽师大附中阶段性测试)Just being greeted at th
5、e door was a joy.They couldnt be happier (happy) when seeing me.(2017成都市检测)It is the oldest (old) and only surviving nodam irrigation system in the world.(2017绵阳市模拟)Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is the fifth largest (large) continent in the world.(2017银川九中模拟)Of all the cities in the world,
6、 one of the top six healthiest (healthy) cities is Copenhagen, Denmark.1.比较级常考查的五种情况(1)根据比较等级的句式判断，如果后面有than就用比较级。(2)有时候比较级结构中并不出现than，而是根据语境判断出用比较级。(3)当空格前有表示程度的词如a bit, a little, much, far, a great/good deal, a lot等或有still, even等词时，需填比较级。(4)表示“越就越”用“the比较级 ., the比较级 .”结构。(5)否定词比较级最高级2.最高级的考查(1)表达在
7、某个范围内“最”，使用“the形容词/副词的最高级比较范围”结构。表示范围的标志词有in, of, among等。(2)当空格前有the second/third ., one of .等词时，需填最高级。自主练悟谨记规律(2017全国卷)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.earlierearly(2016全国卷)They were also the best and worse years in my life.worseworst(2016四川高考)The dishes that I cooked wer
8、e Moms favoritest.favoritestfavorite(2017牡丹江市模拟)Whats bad, the drivers information might be unreliable.badworse(2017成都市模拟)Anyway, Ill get used to living here and hope everything will be more better soon.去掉more或moremuch(2017九江市模拟)Located in North America, Canada is the second large country with the l
9、argest number of lakes in the world.largelargest1.原级、比较级和最高级之间的错用。2.有些词本身就含有最高级含义，不能再用最高级，如favorite, wonderful, exhausted等。3.比较级的重复：若形容词和副词后面加了er，前面就不能再用more。4.固定结构中比较级的错用，如whats more, whats worse等。判定方法应用体验1.当所给词为形容词时，除了比较等级外，主要考查转化为副词。反之亦然。2.作定语修饰名词时应用形容词；作状语修饰动词时常用副词。(2017全国卷)It is certainly (cert
10、ain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(2017浙江高考)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a shiny/shining (shine) object.(2016全国卷)The title will be officially (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.(2017潍坊实验中学模拟)You will have a wonderful (wonderfully) time and get used to t
11、he life soon.自主练悟谨记规律(2017六盘山市模拟)Its commonly (common) known that certain diseases are linked with occupations like lung disease in coal miners.(2017邢台市模拟)He won the race by perseverance and by pushing on steadily (steady)(2017吉林市普通中学调研测试)A good memory is of great help, but it is not enough simply (
12、simple) to memorize rules from a grammar book.(2017成都市模拟)Second, they hope to be economically (economic) independent and buy whatever they need.1.一般情况加lycommoncommonlyimmediateimmediately2.以“辅音字母y”结尾，将y改为i然后加lysteadysteadilybusybusily3.以le结尾，去掉e加ysimplesimplygentlegently4.以ic结尾，加allyeconomiceconomic
13、allyscientificscientifically自主练悟谨记规律(2016全国卷)At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.freelyfree(2015全国卷)Much rare animals are dying out.MuchMany(2015全国卷)He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.去掉very(2013四川高考)I found the
14、test difficult, but I tried hardly to do it.hardlyhard(2017淮北市模拟)By sharing, we can often great reduce our sadness and double our happiness.greatgreatly(2017潍坊实验中学检测)Obviously, the accident was caused by a careless neighbor living highly in an apartment.highlyhigh1.形容词之间、副词之间的错用(1)意近引起的错用：例如many和much都表示“很多”，但many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。(2)形近引起的错用：例如hard与hardly，前者表示“努力”，后者表示“几乎不”。(3)意思重复：例如so和very表达同一含义，故不能同时使用。(4)像deep, high, slow等本身也是副词，加上ly后还是副词，此时前者表示具体，后者表示抽象。2.形容词与副词之间的错用一般来说，作定语和表语时用形容词；作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或修饰整个句子时用副词。