1、选修八 Unit4 PygmalionPeriod2 Language points词汇详解:一.词语辨析 1.adapt/adopt【解释】adaptv.使适应,改编ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtheRussianoriginal.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。adoptv.采用,收养,接受Havingnochildrenoftheirowntheydecidedtoadoptanorphan.他们因没有亲生儿女,所以决定领养一个孤儿。【练习】用adapt与adopt的正确形式填空。1).Youmust_tothenormsoftheso
2、cietyyoulivein.2).Paulsmotherhadhim_becauseshecouldntlookafterhimherself.3).Thismachinehasbeenspecially_forunderwateruse.4).Thesestylescanbe_tosuitindividualtastes.5).Weshould_theconsumerssuggestion.Keys:1).adapt2).adopted3).adapted4).adapted5).adopt2.ignore/neglect/overlook【解释】ignorev.忽视,不理睬,指有意识地拒
3、绝+sb/sth;neglectv.忽视,忽略,疏忽,指无意识地忽视或忘记+sb/sth+todo;overlookv.忽略,疏漏,指有意识地或无意识地忽略、遗漏或不采取行动。【练习】选择neglect,overlook,ignored填空。1).Shesawhimcomingbutshe_him.2).He_tomakerepairsinhishouse.3).Themother_herlittleboysbadbehavior.Keys:1).ignored2).neglected3).overlooked3.luck/fortune/destiny/fate【解释】luck意为“命运,运
4、气”。fortune意为“命运”,多含变幻无常的意味。destiny强调命中注定,是天意。fate多比喻不幸或死亡,含宿命的意味。【练习】选择luck,fortune,destiny,fate填空。1).Shetoldmy_byreadingmypalm.2).Ihopethischarmwillbringyou_.3).Ameetingtodecidethe_ofthefactoryistobeheldtoday.4)._drewustogether.Keys:1).fortune2).luck3).fate4).Destiny二.词性变化fortn.舒适;安慰vt.使舒适;安慰,慰问com
5、fortableadj.舒服的uncomfortableadj.不舒服的,不自在的comfortablyadv.舒适地uncomfortablyadv.不舒服地;难受地2.classifyvt.把.分类,把.分级classificationn.分类,分级;类别,级别3.betrayvt.出卖;背叛betrayaln.u出卖,辜负,暴露betrayern.出卖者4.superioradj.上级的,较高的n.上级,长官superiorityn.优越(性),优等5.troublen.麻烦,困难vt.麻烦vi.费力troublesomeadj.令人烦恼的,麻烦的6.pronouncevt.发音;宣布p
6、ronunciationn.发音【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).Thehotelismodernand_(comfort)furnished.2).Shealwaysfeltslightly_(comfort)inahat.3).Wewillneverforgivehis_(betray).4).Sheworkswellwiththosesuperior_(介词)herinthefirm.5).Theeconomyhasbecomea_(trouble)issuefortheConservativeParty.6).Wehadnotrouble_(find)theaddress.
7、7).Thebooksinthelibrary_(classify)accordingtosubject.8).Onlyelevenoftheseaccidentswereclassified_(介词)major.9).Shedoesntlikehavingher_(pronounce)corrected.Keys:1).comfortably2).uncomfortable3).betrayal4).to5).troublesome6).finding7).areclassified8).as9).pronunciation三.重点词汇1.adaptationn.c改编adaptvt.使适应
8、(合);修改,改编vi.(to)适应典例1).Theplayisanadaptationofashortnovel.这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。2).Theadaptationofanimalstotheenvironmentisratherslow.动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。重点用法adaptationto对.的适应adaptoneselfto使适应;使适合练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1).Hetriedhardto_himself_(使自己适应)thenewconditions.2).Hemadeaquick_(适应了)thenewenvironment.3).Wh
9、entheymovedtoCanada,thechildren_thechangeverywell.Keys:1).adapt;to2).adaptationto3).adaptedto2.hesitatevi.犹豫,踌躇,不愿hesitationn.u,c踌躇;犹豫不决典例1).Hehesitatedbeforeheansweredbecausehedidntknowwhattosay.他在回答之前犹豫了一下,因为他不知道说什么。2).Donthesitateaboutthat.Doitatonce.对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。重点用法hesitatetodosth.做某事犹豫不决h
10、esitateabout(doing)sth.对某事犹豫不决练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1).Hewasstill_overwhethertojointheexpedition.2).Hedidnothesitate_(ask)hertositbesidehim.3).Withoutany_(hesitate),hejumpedintotherivertosavethedrowningchild.4).Theresnoroomfor_(hesitate).Keys:1).hesitating2).toask3).hesitation4).hesitation3.mistakenad
11、j.犯错的,错误的mistaken.&v.错误,过失;弄错,误解,把.误认为典例1).Youaremistakenabouthim你误会他了。2).Itcanthavebeenmycar.Youmustbemistaken.那不可能是你的车。你肯定错了。 重点用法bymistake错误地mistakefor被误认为是mistakein在.的错误makeamistake犯错误练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1).Someonemusthaveleftthedooropen_mistake.2).Wemayhavemadeamistake_ourcalculations.3).Tomdid
12、ntmakeasinglespelling_inhiscomposition.4).You_mymeaningentirely.5).Hewas_fortheminister.6).Ivansworkisalwaysfullof_.Keys:1).by2).in3).mistake4).mistook5).mistaken6).mistakes4.condemnvt.判刑,谴责,宣告.不适用condemnationn.u,c谴责,指责,定罪典例1).Wecondemnhisfoolishbehavior.我们谴责他的愚蠢行为。2).Thecriminalwascondemnedtodeath.
13、那个罪犯被判处死刑。重点用法condemnsb./sth.谴责某人/某事becondemnedto判以.刑;使.注定练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1).Sheknewthatsocietywould_herforleavingherchildren.2).Therewaswidespreadinternational_(condemn)ofthebombing.3).Hewasfoundguiltyandcondemned_death.Keys:1).condemn2).condemnation3).to5.acquaintancen.u相识;熟悉;熟知n.c相识的人,熟人acqua
14、intvt.使熟知,告知典例1).IhavesomeacquaintancewiththeRussian.我懂一点儿俄语。2).ShewasacasualacquaintanceinVienna.她是我在越南的一个熟人。重点用法makeonesacquaintance=maketheacquaintancewithsb.结识某人acquaintsb.wth.使某人认识/了解.练习根据句子的意思在横线上填入适当的词。1).Themusicianhadlittleacquaintance_modernscience.2).Iamdelightedto_youracquaintance.3).She
15、hasmany_inthebusinesscommunity.4).Ihavesomeacquaintance_Spanish.5).Ineedto_myselfwiththenewregulations.Keys:1).with2).make3).acquaintances4).with5).acquaint6.fortunen.u命运;运气;机会c财产,财富fortunateadj.幸运的,幸福的典例1).Shehadthegoodfortunetobefreefromillness.她运气好,没得病。2).Itisbelievedthatitwillbringgoodfortuneint
16、hecomingyear.据说它还能为人们在新的一年里带来好运气。重点用法makeafortune发财seekonesfortune外出找出路tryonesfortune碰运气befortunatetodosth.indoingsth.幸运做某事练习根据句子的要求翻译。1).He_(发了财)bysellinghouses.2).She_(寻求她的财富)inanothercountry.3)._(不幸的是),thefirespreadquidklyafterithadstarted.Keys:1).madeafortune2).soughtherfortune3).Unfortunately四.
17、重点词组1.passsb.offas.把某人改变或冒充成.典例1).Heescapedbypassinghimselfoffasaguard.他冒充警卫逃走了。2).Shepassedhimoffasherhusband.她把他假充作自己的丈夫。重点用法passsth.tosb.将某物递给某人passaway去世passdown/on.把.传给后世pass.onto把.传递给.passby走过;经过passthrough通过;穿过练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或副词。1).Passthebook_mewhenyouvefinishedit.2).Iwassorrytolearntha
18、thismotherhadpassed_.3).Shepassed_adifficultperiodafterhermarriagefailed.4).Theyboughtuppiecesofoldfurnitureandpassedthem_valuableantiques.Keys:1).on;to2).away3).through4).off;as2.ahandfulof一把;一小撮,少数,少量典例Hepulledoutahandfulofcoinsfromhispocket.他从口袋里取出一把钱。短语归纳amouthfulof一口;少量anarmfulof一揽;一抱练习根据句子的意思翻
19、译。1).Wehavereceivedonly_(少数几封)lettersonthissubject.2).Heonlyateafew_(几口)meat.Keys:1).ahandfulof2).mouthfulsof3.inamazement惊讶地典例Istaredathiminamazement.我吃惊地盯着他。短语归纳in在结构中表示“处于.状态”的短语:inaction在行动inadvance事先inanger气忿地incommon共有,共同indanger处于危险中indebt欠债indetail详细地indoubt怀疑inexcitement兴奋地intears流着眼泪ingene
20、ral大体上inoperation生效,运转着inplace在适当的位置inreality实际上inreturn作为报答insecret秘密地inshape处于良好状态inshort简言之insight被看见insilence沉默地invain白白地inthought思考introuble有麻烦inturn依次为练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1)._myamazement,hechangedsomuch.2).Ifindit_(amaze)thatyoucantswim.3).Iheardthataburglarbrokeintomyroomlastnight_amazement.I
21、couldntbelievemyears.Keys:1).To2).amazing3).in4.intermsof.以.的观点;就.而说典例1).Intermsofmoney,hesquiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。2).Itisdifficulttoexpressitintermsofscience.要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。短语归纳英语中类似结构的短语有:inneedof需要inchargeof负责insearchof搜寻inhopeof希望inhonorof纪念、尊重infavorof有利于inspite
22、of尽管incaseof以防、万一inplaceof代替练习根据句子的意思完成句子。1).Thinkofit_(从.角度)aninvestment.2).Itwasabadyearforfilms,_(无论从数量上还是质量上).3).Thisprojectis_(迫切地需要)funding.4).Heishomelessand_(需要帮助).Keys:1).intermsof2).intermsofbothquantityandquality3).ingreat/urgentneedof4).ingreatneedofhelp5.show.in带或领.进来典例1).Tomshowedalitt
23、leboyin.汤姆带了一个小男孩进来。2).Willyoushowhimin?你把他领进来好吗?短语归纳show短语:showsb.out领某人出去showsb.around领某人参观某地showoff炫耀,卖弄,使显眼showup出现,来到某处,揭露,显得好看练习用适当的介词或副词填空。1).1willshowyou_whenyouareinthecity.2).Shelikestoshow_hernicefigurebywearingtightdresses.3).UncleGeorgedidntshow_forourweddingbecauseheforgotit.4).Heshowe
24、dme_asittingroom.Keys:1).around2).off3).up4).into五.重点句子1.Generallyspeaking,peoplearemorepolitetothosewhomtheythinkareofhighersocialclass.总的来说,人们对那些他们认为属于较高社会阶层的人更礼貌一些。解释1).本句中的of表示“从属”关系。例如:Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以类聚,人以群分。2).beof形容词抽象名词be副词与该抽象名词同根的形容词。例如:WhatIsaidisofgreatimportance.=WhatIsa
25、idisveryimportant.我所说的非常重要。可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有:ability-able,help-helpful,use-useful,importance-important,interest-interesting,significance-significant,value-valuable练习翻译句子。1).他是个兴趣广泛的人。_2).我觉得这本英汉字典非常有用。_Keys:1).Heisapersonofwideinterests.2).IfindtheEnglish-Chinesedictionaryveryuseful/ofgreatuse.2
26、.HenryHigginsandColonelPickeringaresittingdeepinconversation.亨利.希金斯正与皮克林上校促膝长谈。解释形容词短语deepinsth.“专心;全神贯注;深陷”,可用在句中作表语、状语。例:1).Hewasdeepinthought.他陷入了沉思。2).Hewassodeepinhisworkthathewasnotawareofthefire.他是如此专心工作以致于不知道发生了火灾。3).Deepinwork,hedidntnoticeamancomein.同样用法的词还有:lost,determined,absorbed,dresse
27、d等,例:1).Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.2).Absorbedinnovel,heforgothisappointment.练习翻译句子。1)._(determine)nottocomeback,shewentoutofthehouse.2)._(dress)asaprincess,shewentontothestage.Keys:1).Determined2).Dressed六.课文佳句背诵与仿写1.【原句】Amanishidingfromtherainlisteningtopeopleslanguageandwatch
28、ingtheirreactions.有一个男士在躲雨,边听人们谈话,边观察着人们的反应。模仿要点句子结构:主句+V-ingandV-ing【模仿1】所以的学生在晚会上又唱又跳,玩得很开心。_答案:Allthestudentsenjoyedtheparty,singinganddancing.【模仿2】我喜欢独自学习,可以集中精神于我做的事情及思考我的想法。_答案:Ipreferstudyingalone,concentrateonwhatIamdoingandthinkingmyownthoughts2【原句】Disappointedattheoutcome,butthinkingitisbe
29、tterthannothing,Elizasaid:Thankyou,sir.对先生付的钱表现出失望的样子,但想到有总比没有好,Eliza说:“谢谢,先生.模仿要点句子结构:V-ed状语,+but+V-ing状语,+主句【模仿1】虽然训练很累,但相信总有一天他会成为冠军,刘翔告诉自己要坚持。_答案:Tiredfromthetraining,butbelievingonedayhewouldbeachampionship,LiuXiangtoldhimselfhemustcarryon.【模仿2】虽然被电脑游戏吸引,但想到他的作业还没做,他立即关掉电脑。_答案:Attractedbythecom
30、putergames,butthinkingthathishomewasstillundone,heturnedoffthecomputeratonce.3.【原句】Shesquiteacommongirlwithdirtynails.她是很普通的一个年轻姑娘,手指甲脏兮兮的。模仿要点句子结构:a/an+adj.+C.N.+with短语作定语【模仿1】她是一位相当聪明的学生,且乐于助人。_答案:Sheisquiteanintelligentstudentwithahelpinghand.【模仿2】他是一位有着快乐家庭的成功商人。_答案:Heisasuccessfulbusinessmanwithahappyfamily.