1、Unit4Looking good feeling good Section A【重点陈列】v 重点词汇1.concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等);全神贯注2.extreme adj. 极端的;严重的、n. 极端的;严重的极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)3.concerned adj. 担心的,忧虑的;关注的,关切的4.effect n.效果,作用;影响5.slightly adv. 稍微,略微6.energetic adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的7.frightened adj.害怕的,惊吓的,受惊的8.skipvt.不做(应做的事情等);跳过vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;
2、略过9.yogurtn.酸奶10.chipn.炸薯条;芯片11.colan.可乐饮料12.collapsevi.昏倒;倒塌n.塌陷;昏倒;突然失败13.faintvi.昏厥adj.快要昏厥的;微弱的;可能性不大的14.immediatelyadv.立即,马上conj.一就15.stableadj.稳定的,稳固的;稳重的;沉稳的16.slimvi.变苗条,减肥adj.苗条的;微薄的,小的17.percentn.百分之18.pilln.药丸,药片19.provelinking v.后来被发现是vt.证明,证实20.dietn.节食;日常饮食vt.节食,进行规定饮食21.nutritionn.营养2
3、2.functionvi.起作用,正常工作,运转n.作用,功能,职能23.withinprep.在(某段时间)之内;在(某段距离、范围)之内;在里24.ratheradv.相反,而是;相当;更准确地说25.aspectn.方面,层面 v 重点短语1.slim down变苗条,减肥2.side effect副作用3.take in摄入,吸收4.get into shape强身健体 v 重点句式1.“Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight,”her friend La
4、ura Williams told our reporter. 2.In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful,teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.3.According to a recent survey of senior high school studentslifestyles,almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals,one in ten over
5、-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine.4.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.【重点词汇归纳拓展】1.Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.詹妮弗被发现有危险的低血糖,并立即接受了治疗。(P44)【词汇精讲】
6、在本句中immediately用作副词,意为“立即,马上”。immediately还用作连词,意为“一就”。He began to look for another position immediately. 他马上开始寻找另一个职位。I told him immediately he came.他一来我就告诉他了。【词汇拓展】(1)英语中,表示“一就”有以下四类表达方式:as soon as;no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.;immediately/directly/instantly;the moment,the instant,the minut
7、e,the second。No sooner had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。(2)引导时间状语从句的还有the moment,the first time,every time,by the time,next time等特殊连接词。I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.初次见到她时,我认为她友好且诚实。 2.She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.她告诉我她在课堂上很难集中注意力。(
8、P45)【词汇精讲】concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等);全神贯注。concentrate on是固定词组,表示“集中精力于”。We must concentrate our efforts on improving education.我们必须致力于改进教育工作。【词汇拓展】If you concentrate all your energy on the study of English,you will master the language.你若全力以赴地学习英语,你会掌握这门语言的。Speaking on the phone requires concent
9、ration and takes a drivers attention from the road.打电话需要集中注意力,这样就分散了司机对道路的注意力。 3.In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful,teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.在一个通常以瘦为美的社会,青少年有时候会求助于极端的方法来快速瘦身。(P45)【词汇精讲】在本句中slim用作不及物动词,意为“变苗条,减肥”;还可以用作形容词,意为“苗条的;微薄的
10、,小的”。How do you manage to stay so slim?你是怎么保持如此苗条的?【词汇拓展】slim down变苗条,减肥How can I slim down my hips?我怎样才能让我的臀部瘦下来? 4.Health experts are concerned about these figures.卫生专家对这些数字表示担忧。(P45)【词汇精讲】句中的concerned是形容词,意为“担心的;关切的;相关的”。concern作动词时,意为“涉及;让担忧”。Many parents are concerned that some TV programs will
11、 have a bad influence on the development of their children.许多家长担心一些电视节目会对孩子的成长有坏的影响。I hope the department concerned will deal with the matter immediately.我希望有关部门立刻处理这件事情。What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.让我担心的是我们对事态的变化缺乏准备。【词汇拓展】be concerned about/for.关心;挂念be concerned with/
12、in.与有关;参与;牵涉到as/so far as.be concerned就而言concern n.U担心;忧虑;C关心的人(或事) show/express concern about/for.对表示关心/担心concerning prep.有关;涉及She is deeply concerned about your safety.她非常担心你的安全。As far as Im concerned,you cant ignore the fact.就我个人而言,你不能忽略这个事实。【温馨提示】形容词concerned作前置定语时,意为“关心的,挂念的, 担心的”;作后置定语时,意为“相关的
13、;有关的”。例如:a concerned look“关切的神情”;the authorities concerned“有关当局”。 5.They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他们正加大努力,教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。(P45)【词汇精讲】effect为名词,意为“影响;结果;效果”。Rainforest has a great effect on the world environment. 雨林对世界环境有很大影响。
14、【词汇拓展】side effect 副作用come into/take effect生效;见效have an effect on/upon对产生影响bring/carry/put.into effect实施;使生效/起作用be of no effect无效果的The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment.辐射泄漏对环境造成了灾难性的影响。 6.These so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers.这些所谓的权宜之计被
15、证明对青少年有害。(P45)【词汇精讲】在本句中prove用作连系动词,意为“证明是,结果是,被发现是”,不用于被动语态,后常接形容词、名词、不定式作表语。The medicine proved satisfactory.结果证明这种药的疗效令人满意。【词汇拓展】prove还可用作及物动词,意为“证明,证实”,主要用于下列句型: (1)prove+名词/代词The strength of Chinas economy will be further proved.中国的经济实力将被进一步证实。(2)prove+宾语+宾语补足语,作宾语补足语的通常有形容词、名词、动词不定式等。to be通常可以
16、省略。Again history proved him (to be) wrong.历史再次证明他错了。(3)prove+宾语从句Can you prove where you were on May 10th?你能证实五月十日你在哪里吗? 7.it is important to have a healthy balanced diet.有一个健康平衡的饮食很重要(P45)【词汇精讲】在本句中diet用作名词,意为“节食;日常饮食”;还可以用作动词,意为“节食,进行规定饮食”。Too rich a diet is not good for you.吃太多油腻的食物对你身体不好。 You ou
17、ght to diet and take more exercise. 你应该节食并多做运动。【词汇拓展】be/go on a diet节食a balanced diet平衡饮食Many girls are reported to be going on a diet to stop their normal weight gain,some of whom even miss breakfast.据报道,许多女孩正在节食,以阻止正常体重的增加,有些女孩甚至不吃早餐。 8.If they do not take in enough food,they may feel weak and get
18、 ill easily.如果他们没有摄入足够的食物,他们可能会感到虚弱,很容易生病。(P45)【词汇精讲】在本句中take in意为“摄入,吸收”,还可以意为“接受;让进入;理解;包括;欺骗;接待,留宿;订阅”。Fish take in oxygen through their gills.鱼通过鳃摄取氧气。【词汇拓展】take over to移交;遗留给take along 随身带着take away带走,使离去take over夺取;接管take off脱;去掉;起飞;(事业)蓬勃发展take out拿出,取出take up占据(时间、空间等);开始(学习或某种爱好);从事,对感兴趣tak
19、e after与相像take on呈现;具有;担任(工作);承担(责任);雇用take back退回;收回;接回take to爱;喜欢;沉迷于The plane took off despite the fog.尽管有雾,飞机仍照常起飞。She took up the receiver and began to dial the number.她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。 9.We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips,because living well is the safest and most e
20、ffective way to get into shape.我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循这些生活小常识,因为健康的生活是最安全、最有效的塑身方式。(P45)【词汇精讲】在本句中get into shape意为“强身健体”。Regular exercise helps the film star get into shape and keep a slim figure.经常锻炼帮助那位电影明星强身健体,并保持苗条身材。【词汇拓展】in the shape of以形状in good shape身体状况好out of shape身体不佳;变形的take shape成形We should not o
21、nly be healthy,but also be in good shape.我们不仅应该身体健康,还要保持好的体型。 10.I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.上周四我在医院醒来的时候非常害怕。(P47)【词汇精讲】句中的frightened是形容词,用来描述人的心理感受,意为“受惊的,害怕的”。At the sight of the dog,she was too frightened to move.一看见这条狗,她吓得不敢动了。Because of her last terrible expe
22、rience,she is frightened to go out at night.因为上次可怕的经历,她现在晚上不敢出门了。【词汇拓展】fright n.惊吓,恐怖frighten vt.使惊恐,使害怕frightening adj.吓人的,令人害怕的be frightened at/of.害怕be frightened to death 吓得要死frighten sb into/out of doing sth恐吓某人做/不做某事The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me.那只鹰突然飞上天空,吓了我一跳。I had a fr
23、ightening encounter with a poisonous snake.我曾意外地遇到过一条毒蛇,吓得我要命。Dont frighten me into doing something I dont want to do.别威胁我去做我不想做的事。【微写作】The frightening scene frightened the little boy.We could learn that from his frightened face.Although he felt frightened he tried to hide his fright.这吓人的场面吓坏了小男孩,我们
24、从他惊恐的脸上可以得知。尽管他感到害怕但是他尽力隐藏自己的恐惧。 11.The doctor helped me and I made a full recovery within two days.医生帮了我的忙,两天之内我就完全康复了。(P45)【词汇精讲】在本句中within用作介词,意为“在(某段时间)之内”,还可以意为“在(某段距离、范围)之内;在里”。My house is within walking distance of my university. 我家离我的大学很近,走过去就行了。With prices keeping going up,he finds it hard
25、to live within his income.物价不断上涨,他觉得有些入不敷出。【词汇拓展】within budget在预算内within ones grasp 某人能理解within limits适度地,节制地within the reach of 能拿得到;能到达within five days五天之内within reach/call/hearing/sight在够得着/叫得应/听得见/看得到的地方live within ones income 量入为出within 20 minutes walk步行20分钟以内do what is within your power尽力而为At
26、any rate,the medical supplies will reach you within a week.无论如何,医疗用品将在一星期之内运到你那里。【重点句式归纳拓展】1.“Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight,”her friend Laura Williams told our reporter.“珍妮弗认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的简单方法,”她的朋友劳拉威廉姆斯告诉我们的记者。(P44)【句式剖析】句中a simple way to reach
27、 her target weight,名词way 后接动词不定式作定语。way既可以接动词不定式作后置定语,也可以接of doing作后置定语。We have found a way of safeguarding our money.我们已有了保护钱财的办法。Can anybody think of a way to raise money?有人能想出筹款的办法吗?They could not find a way to get themselves out.他们无法找到一条逃生之路。【句式拓展】(1)除了way以外,英语中还有很多名词既可以接动词不定式作后置定语,也可以接of doing作
28、后置定语。常见的有ambition(雄心,抱负),challenge(挑战),chance(机会;可能性),determination(决心,决定),favour(善行,恩惠),honour (荣幸,荣誉),intention(想法,打算),liberty(自由),misfortune(不幸,灾祸),necessity(必要,需要)等。His ambition to become/of becoming a pilot was thwarted by poor eyesight.他想当飞行员的愿望因视力不好而破灭了。(2)当 way 表示“道路”之意时,后面的to是介词,意为“通向之路”, 后
29、接名词或动词-ing形式。Self-help is the best way to success.自助乃最佳成功之道。 2.According to a recent survey of senior high school students lifestyles,almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals,one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine. 根据最近对高中生生活方式的一项调查,近1/5的青少年经常不吃饭,1/10的人过度
30、锻炼,4%的人甚至吃减肥药。(P45)【句式剖析】句中one fifth和one in ten是英语中的分数。Not one in ten of the boys could spell well.这些男孩中拼写好的不到十分之一。【句式拓展】(1)用基数词+序数词表示:分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母。分子为1时,既可以用one,也可以用a。(2)如果分子大于1,分母则要用复数形式。三分之一one third;三分之二 two thirds(3)二分之一不能说a second,而要说a half。四分之一和四分之三可以说a fourth 和three fourths,但也常用a quarter和three quarters表示。(4)分数修饰的名词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词,即与名词保持一致。(5)带分数的表示:所谓带分数,实际上是整数+分数,只是整数部分与分数部分要用连词and 连接。(6)分数常和of连用,作主语或宾语,但分数也可以不带 of 短语直接作主语或宾语。
