1、根据语境判断条件句中的虚拟语气If引导的条件状语从句可以分为两类，一类是真实条件句，另一类是虚拟条件句。在虚拟条件句中，需要使用虚拟语气。那么如何来判断if引导的条件状语从句是不是虚拟条件句，虚拟条件句中又应该使用什么时态呢？这节课我们就来学习一下。一.判断依据语境真实条件句：假设情况可以实现虚拟条件句：假设情况无法实现或假设情况与事实相反凡是假设的情况实现的的可能性很大，就是真实条件句。当假设的情况实现的可能性很小或者假设的情况与事实相反时，就是虚拟条件句。所以判断的依据是看语境中假设的情况是否可以实现。例如：真实条件句：Today Iam not busy. If I have time
2、, I will help you with this work.（“我有时间”的可能性很大，“帮助你”的可能性也很大）虚拟条件句：1. If I were you , I would have attended the meeting.（“我成为你”的假设无法实现）2.My grand father died ten years ago. If my grandfather were alive today, he would experience a very different world.（假设的情况与事实相反）二.虚拟条件句中动词时态的变化ks5uks5uks5u判断这个假设是与哪个
3、事实相反。通常有三种情况：与现在事实相反。与过去事实相反。与将来事实可能相反。所以虚拟条件句中动词时态的变化分为三大类：虚拟的时间从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示与现在事实相反did或were（be的过去式一般用were）would（could/might/should）+do表示与过去事实相反had donewould（could/might/should）+have done表示与将来事实相反did或werewere to doshould dowould（could/might/should）+do三.根据语境判断单选题中的虚拟语气1. Mary is ill today. If she
4、 _，she _ absent from school. A. were not ill; wouldnt be B. had been ill; wouldnt have been C. had been ill; should have been D. hadnt been ill; could be根据语境中的事实“Mary is ill today.”可以推断后一句为虚拟语气，与真实情况相反。判断是对什么时间的虚拟：由“Mary is ill today.”中的today可知是对现在情况的虚拟。对应表格中的时态规则，可知应选择A。2. The weather has been very
5、 hot and dry.Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _. A. wouldnt die B. didnt dieC. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died根据语境中的事实“The weather has been very hot and dry.”可以推断后一句为虚拟语气，与真实情况相反。判断是对什么时间的虚拟：由“The weather has been very hot and dry”可知是对过去情况的虚拟。对应表格
6、中的时态规则，可知应选择D。四. 总结虚拟语气的解题方法：1. 根据语境判断句子是否为虚拟语气。2. 根据句子中的时间状语或情景判断虚拟条件句的时间3. 牢记表格中时态的规则。五.练习：1.【2016北京卷】Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _ me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell2. 【2016天津卷】I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadnt been wearing one, I _.A. were injuredB. would be injuredC. had been injuredD. would have been injured3.【2015北京卷】If I _ it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it.A. didnt seeB. werent seeingC. wouldnt seeD. hadnt seen版权所有：高考资源网()