1、湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2020届高三英语模拟考试试题（一）（含解析）第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A* Broadreach Summer AdventuresSince 1993, Broadreach has taken over 18,000 students on high school study abroad programs in 40+ countries. Broadreach students earn certifications and communit
2、y service hours while gaining practical experience in biology, leadership, photography, diving or public health.Dates: Ranging from 1231 days long in June, July and AugustCost.- See the websiteTel: 919-256-8200Website: www. * ARCC ProgramsARCC Programs offers Gap Semesters, domestic and internationa
3、l adventure programs in 20 countries. ARCC students travel to a variety of the worlds greatest locations and participate in activities such as community service projects, cultural experience, surfing and more!Dates? 2-to 5-week programs every summer (June through August) and 90-day Gap semester prog
4、rams every fall and spring Cost: US $ 1,500US $ 2,200 per week Tel: 415-332-5075Website: www. * South Australian Government SchoolsStudy abroad with us and experience beautiful South Australia. There are many schools to choose from with a wide choice of subjects. You can try a new subject such as ro
5、botics, photography or ballet, or perhaps a new sport such as surfing. Schools also offer a variety of activities including music bands, drama productions and adventure activities. We take care of every aspect of your study program including your accommodation.Dates: Programs are available all year
6、roundCost: See the websiteTel/Fax: +618 82263402, +618 8226 3665 Website: www.internationalstudcnts.sa.edu. au * ISSOS International Summer SchoolsISSOS International Summer Schools Program offers high school students (aged 1318) the opportunity to combine learning with adventure in one of three ama
7、zing university towns of St Andrews, Cambridge and Yale. Students choose one academic class and one elective program that they follow for their three-week residential stay.Dates: St Andrews (Session 1: 30th June21st July 2020. Session 2: 24th July 14th August 2020)Cambridge (10th July31st July 2020)
8、 Yale (14th July4th August 2020) Cost: Sec the website Tel: 0044 3300 777 247 Website: 1. If a high school girl wants to experience the life in the worlds greatest university, she can choose _.A. Broadreach Summer AdventuresB. ARCC ProgramsC. South Australian Government SchoolsD. ISSOS International
9、 Summer Schools2. On a South Australian Government School program, a student _.A. can get practical experience in biologyB. can attend activities such as community service projectsC. neednt worry about his or her accommodationD. can visit Yale University on 14th July3. The text is mainly written for
10、 those who _.A. want to travel to some different universitiesB. are fond of different after-school activitiesC. are interested in applying to foreign universitiesD. intend to take part in some study abroad programs【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了四个在国外学习的学习项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。结合题干experience the life
11、in the worlds greatest university，可以定位文章的第四个黑体标题。结合该标题下ISSOS International Summer Schools Program offers high school students (aged 1318) the opportunity to combine learning with adventure in one of three amazing university towns of St Andrews, Cambridge and Yale. ISSOS 国际暑期学校项目为13岁至18岁的高中生提供将学习与冒险结
12、合起来，可以在圣安德鲁斯、剑桥和耶鲁这三个令人惊叹的大学城学习的机会。由此可知，如果一个高中女生想体验世界上最好的大学的生活，她可以选择ISSOS 国际暑期学校。学习D符合题意。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。结合题干关键词South Australian Government School program，可以定位到文章的第三个黑体标题。结合本段中There are many schools to choose from with a wide choice of subjects. You can try a new subject such as robotics, photograp
13、hy or ballet, or perhaps a new sport such as surfing. Schools also offer a variety of activities including music bands, drama productions and adventure activities. We take care of every aspect of your study program including your accommodation. 有很多学校可供选择，学科范围很广。 你可以尝试一些新的学科，比如机器人技术，摄影，芭蕾，或者一些新的运动，比如
14、冲浪。 此外，学校也举办多元化的活动，包括乐队演奏、话剧制作及历奇活动等。 我们负责你学习计划的方方面面，包括你的住宿。可知，学生在这个学习项目中，在选择多个学科的同时，可以尝试新的学科；参加新的运动和多元化的活动。另外，学生的住宿也被包括在内。选项C：不用担心住宿。符合题意。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。纵观全文，文章主要讲述了四个在国外学习的学习项目，所以，对于想到国外上学的同学而言，是很有帮助意义的。选项D符合题意。故选D项。BOn March 25, 2010, Kate and David Ogg heard the words every parent fears: Their
15、 newborn son wasnt going to make it. Their twinsa girl and a boywere born two minutes apart and 14 weeks premature, weighing just over two pounds each. Doctors had tried to save the boy for 20 minutes but saw no improvement. His heartbeat was nearly gone, and hed stopped breathing. The baby had just
16、 moments to live.“I saw him gasp (喘气), but the doctor said it was no use,” Kate said. “I know it sounds stupid, but if he was still gasping, that was a sign of life. I wasnt going to give up easily.”Still, the Sydney couple knew this was likely goodbye. In an effort to treasure her last minutes with
17、 the tiny boy, Kate asked to hold him.“I wanted to meet him, and for him to know us,” Kate told Today. “Wed resigned ourselves to the fact that we were going to lose him, and we were just trying to make the most of those last, precious moments.”Kate unwrapped the boy, whom the couple had already nam
18、ed Jamie, from his hospital blanket and ordered David to take his shirt off and join them in bed. The first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to- skin contact would improve his condition. They also talked to him.We were trying to attract him to stay.” Kate sa
19、id. “We explained his name and that he had a twin that he had to look out for and how hard we had tried to have him.”Then something miraculous happened. Jamie gasped againand then he started breathing. Finally, he reached for his fathers finger. The couples lost boy had made it.4. What do we know ab
20、out the newborn boy mentioned in Paragraph 1?A. He weighed only two pounds.B. He almost died.C. He was two minutes older than his twin sister.D. He had no heartbeat. 5. Why did the parents make the skin-to-skin contact with the boy?A. To keep in touch with their son.B To follow the doctors requireme
21、nts.C. To communicate with their son.D. To better their sons condition.6. What does the underlined word “miraculous” in the last paragraph mean?A. touchingB. unexpectedC. ridiculousD. fortunate7. What is the best title for the text?A. A Lucky Boy.B. Endless LoveC. Life-giving TouchD. An Unforgettabl
22、e Experience【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一对夫妇新出生的儿子被诊断无法活下来，但在他们与孩子告别时，这对夫妇与孩子的肢体接触，对孩子说话的时候发生了奇迹，他们的儿子开始呼吸，成功的活了下来的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“His heartbeat was nearly gone, and hed stopped breathing. The baby had just moments to live.”他的心跳快要消失了，他要停止了呼吸，这个婴儿活不了多久。可知新出生的男孩几乎要死了。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题
23、。根据第五段中“The first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to- skin contact would improve his condition.”初为父母的他们希望他们的儿子尽可能地温暖，并希望通过皮肤接触可以改善他的状况。由此判断出父母与男孩进行皮肤接触的原因是为了改善儿子的状况。故选D项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Jamie gasped againand then he started breathing.”Jamie再次喘气，然后他开始呼吸了
24、。并结合前文所述Jamie状况很糟糕几乎不能呼吸可知，此时发生了意想不到的事情。由此判断出划线词的意思是“意想不到的”。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段中“The first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to- skin contact would improve his condition.”初为父母的他们希望他们的儿子尽可能地温暖，并希望通过皮肤接触可以改善他的状况。并结合最后一段中“Finally, he reached for his fathers f
25、inger. The couples lost boy had made it.”最后，他触摸到父亲的手指。 这对夫妇快要失去了孩子最终成功的活了下来。可知是这对夫妇与孩子的肢体接触让孩子活了下来。因此C项Life-giving Touch“赋予生命的触摸”为最佳标题。故选C项。COne after another, telecommunications giants (通信巨头) have announced their latest fifth generation (5G) products. They have also claimed that 5G technology would
26、 be used on a massive scale by 2020. Yet, when reporting about 5G, many domestic media outlets have described it as a “much faster” technology than 4G without mentioning any of its other advantages. As a result, the common public view about 5G is that they could “download a high-density movie within
27、 one second”. Beyond that, most people know nothing about 5G.Actually, 5G technology has many more advantages than 4G apart from speed. According to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposesfor connecting everything, re
28、liability of connections, and eliminating delays.“Connecting everything” is an appropriate slogan for 5G technology, without which the Internet of things would be impossible. 5G would enable one server to connect to multiple terminals (终端) and thus establish high-speed coordination among them, and h
29、elp the chips inside the terminals to timely react to meet peoples needs. Take for example, autonomous vehicles, which are mature technology products. Self-driving cars combine a variety of sensors, such as radar, computer vision, and GPS to identify navigation paths and obstacles. 5G technology wil
30、l link all the elements of a transportation system, such as traffic lights, cameras and, of course, cars to establish perfect coordination so they can avoid obstacles and move on navigation paths, which will help strengthen self-driving technology.Reliability of connections is another essential char
31、acteristic of 5G technology, whose use can be extended to other fields where high safety standards are required. For instance, in certain surgeries, surgeons insert nano-robots inside a patients body and have to maintain constant control over the robots to ensure they perform their functions and do
32、not cause any harm to the patient. This is an technology can be of great help, as it can establish reliable and continuous connections between the monitor and the nano-robots.8. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follow?A. Eliminating delays.B. 5G network capacity.C. Di
33、sadvantages of 5G.D. Building 5G base stations.9. Which can also serve as an example of “connecting everything”?A. Improvement of smart phone signals.B. Decrease in telecommunication cost.C. High speed in-playing computer games.D. Online tests for all members at the same time.10. Why can 5G be used
34、in fields with high safety standards?A. It can attract most eyeball on a massive scale.B. It can provide dependable and constant service.C. It offers massive machine type of communication.D. It employs 4G base stations and occupy less space.11. What would be the best title for the passage?A. 5G Tech
35、nology: More Than about High SpeedB. 5G Technology Will Shape the Future of ConnectivityC. Telecom Giants Work Together to Better 5G TechnologyD. Advantages and Disadvantages of 5G Technology and Products【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍除了高速，5G技术还有连接一切、连接可靠性以及消除延迟等特点。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第二段的第二句“A
36、ccording to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposesfor connecting everything, reliability of connections, and eliminating delays.”，第三段的第一句“Connecting everything” is an appropriate slogan for 5G technology, without whi
37、ch the Internet of things would be impossible.”以及第四段的第一句“Reliability of connections is another essential characteristic of 5G technology, whose use can be extended to other fields where high safety standards are required.”可知，根据3GPP一个国际标准化组织的标准，5G技术能够在至少3个方面使用，分别时连接一切，连接的可靠性以及消除延迟。连接一切对于5G技术来说是一个合适的口
38、号，没有这个特征因特网的所有事情都将变成不可能。连接可靠性是5G技术的另外一个基本特征，这一技术的使用可以延申到要求高安全标准的其他领域。由此可见，作者接下来可能会讨论的是5G技术的消除延迟这个特征。结合选项可知，选项A正确。【9题详解】推理判断题。由第三段第二句“5G would enable one server to connect to multiple terminals (终端) and thus establish high-speed coordination among them, and help the chips inside the terminals to time
39、ly react to meet peoples needs.”可知，5G能让一个计算机服务器连接到多个终端，然后在它们之中建立告诉协调，并且帮助在终端里面的芯片能够及时做出反应满足人们的需求。结合选项可知，选项D表达的是“同时对所有成员进行网络测试”，符合5G的连接一切的特征，可以作为5G连接一切这个特征的具体举例。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第四段的最后一句“This is an technology can be of great help, as it can establish reliable and continuous connections between the m
40、onitor and the nano-robots.”可知，这是一项非常有帮助的技术，因为它能在监控器和纳米机器人之间建立可靠而且持续的连接。由此可知，5G技术能够在高安全标准的领域使用，是因为它能提供可靠而且持续的服务。结合选项可知，选项B正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，第二段的第一句“Actually, 5G technology has many more advantages than 4G apart from speed.”，第三段的第一句“Connecting everything” is an appropriate slogan for 5G technol
41、ogy, without which the Internet of things would be impossible.”以及第四段的第一句“Reliability of connections is another essential characteristic of 5G technology, whose use can be extended to other fields where high safety standards are required.”可知，实际上，除了速度之外，5G技术比4G有更多的优势。连接一切对于5G技术来说是一个合适的口号，没有这个特征因特网的所有事
42、情都将变成不可能。连接可靠性是5G技术的另外一个基本特征，这一技术的使用可以延申到要求高安全标准的其他领域。由此可见，全文主要是在讲述5G技术的特点不仅仅只是高速。结合选项可知，选项A正确。DWhy do people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work?Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to g
43、et involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to unde
44、rstand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift peoples wish of participation from an internal
45、 factor to an external factor. When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them-to remain in their positions over time? To answer this quest
46、ion, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their
47、 volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they
48、do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be
49、most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between t
50、he strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, result in concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be reco
51、gnized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity.”12. People volunteer mainly out of _.A. school requirementsB. social expectationsC. financial rewardsD. internal needs13. What does the author want to tell us in the third paragraph?A. People who participate in volunteer prog
52、rams in schools are sensitive.B. External factors are more important than internal factors in volunteer work.C. Being required to be volunteers may make people reluctant to do volunteer work.D. Volunteer programs in school can encourage people to do more volunteer work in future.14. What can we lear
53、n from the Florida study?A. Follow-up studies should last-for one year.B. Volunteers should get mentally prepared.C. Strategy training is a must in research.D. Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.15. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?A. Individual differences
54、 in role identity.B. Practical advice from researchers.C. Role identity as a volunteer.D. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们为什么参加志愿服务工作以及是什么鼓励志愿者继续他们的志愿工作。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get
55、 involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate.可知，研究人员已经确定了一些鼓励人们参加志愿服务因素，例如，表达与无私有关的个人价值观，扩
56、大他们的经验范围，以及加强社会关系等，如果做志愿者不能满足这些需求，人们可能不愿意参加，再结合第三段中的shift peoples wish of participation from an internal factor to an external factor可知，人们做志愿服务主要是出于内心的需求。故D项正确。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是根据People also volunteer because they are required to do so.及these programs can shift peoples wish of participation f
57、rom an internal factor to an external factor. When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future.可知，被要求成为志愿者会把人们的参与意愿从内在因素转变为外在因素，这样他们以后就不太可能成为志愿者。由此可知，本段主要是告诉我们被要求成为志愿者可能会让人们不愿意做志愿服务。故C项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a yea
58、r. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.及The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provid
59、e them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.可知，例如，佛罗里达州的一项研究对238名志愿者进行了长达一年的跟踪调查，发现影响他们作为志愿者满意度的最重要因素之一是他们在志愿者岗位上所经历的痛苦，研究人员指出，应注意培训方法，让志愿者为遇到麻烦的情况做好准备，或者为他们提供应对他们所经历的问题的策略。由此可知，佛罗里达的研究表明志愿者应该从心理上为工作中遇到的困难做好准备。故B项正确。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Another study of 302 volunteers at h
60、ospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.可知，另一项研究对芝加哥
61、医院的302名志愿者进行了调查，研究的重点是人们在多大程度上视志愿者为重要的社会角色，他们发现那些以志愿者的角色作为个人身份的人也最有可能继续从事志愿工作。由此可知，作为志愿者的角色认同最有可能激励志愿者继续他们的志愿工作，故C项正确。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。People often say that “failure is the mother of success”. _16_ As a result, Manalo, a professor of educational psycholog
62、y in Japan says, “We know we shouldnt give up when we failbut in reality, we do.”Manalo and Manu, a professor of learning sciences in Swiss, put together a special issue (专利) last December on benefiting from failure. The issues 15 studies provide teachers and educational researchers with a guide for
63、 achieving success. _17_ Another confirmed that advice on failures is most constructive when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings.Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overcoming one everyday form of failure: not completing a task. They asked 131 students to write an articl
64、e about their school experiences. Half of the students received instructions for their writing, and half were left to their own. _18_ Afterward the researchers found that those in the instructed group were more willing to complete their articles, compared with those who lacked guidanceeven if the la
65、tter were closer to being done. _19_20_ Stephanie Couch, the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program, holds the opinion. Couch, whose work was also featured in the special issue, says that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.A. However, all were stopped before fi
66、nishing.B. The saying shows the importance of success.C. Teaching students not to fear failure makes goals achieved more easily.D. One study reported that the sooner students fail, the sooner they can move forward.E. Though having some truth to it, the saying does not tell us how to turn a loss into
67、 a win.F. They believed that learning how to fail can help people avoid becoming lasting failures.G. Knowing how to finish, in other words, was more important than being close to finishing.【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。人们常说“失败是成功之母”。这句话虽然有一定道理，但并没有告诉我们如何化输为胜。文章主要介绍了日本教育心理学教授Manalo的一项研
68、究表明学生越早失败，他们就能越早前进。告诉我们要教会学生不要害怕失败，这会让目标更容易实现。【16题详解】根据上文People often say that “failure is the mother of success”.可知人们常说“失败是成功之母”。以及第二段中The issues 15 studies provide teachers and educational researchers with a guide for achieving success.可知本期的15项研究为教师和教育研究者提供了成功的指南。由此可知，本句承接上文对“失败是成功之母”这句话进行评价，认为虽然说
69、得有道理，但是也指出这句话并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利，与后文一项研究提供了成功指南相呼应。故E选项“这句话虽然有一些道理，但并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利”符合上下文语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文Another confirmed that advice on failures is most constructive when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings.可知另一项研究证实，当接受失败的人准备经历不愉快的感觉时，关于失败的建议最有建设性。由此可知，本句是在说明一项研究结果，且后文Anoth
70、er与D选项中One相对应，oneanother表示“一个另一个”。故D选项“一项研究表明，学生越早失败，他们就能越早进步”符合上下文语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据本段第一句Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overcoming one everyday form of failure: not completing a task.可知Manalo和他的合著者们还专注于克服一种常见的失败：没有完成任务。由此可知，这项研究需要在学生们完成写作任务之前就停止。故A选项“然而，所有这些都在完成前停止了”符合上下文语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文
71、Afterward the researchers found that those in the instructed group were more willing to complete their articles, compared with those who lacked guidanceeven if the latter were closer to being done.可知之后，研究人员发现，与缺乏指导的小组相比，接受指导的小组更愿意完成他们的文章即使后者更接近完成。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，这项研究结果证明，知道如何完成比接近完成更重要。故G选项“换句话说，知道如何完
72、成比接近完成更重要”符合上下文语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据后文Stephanie Couch, the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program, holds the opinion. Couch, whose work was also featured in the special issue, says that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.可知Lemelson-MIT项目主任Stephanie Couch持有这种观点。Couch
73、的作品也出现在本期特刊中。他说，我们应该告诉他们，失败是走向成功的过程中的一部分。由此可知，失败是走向成功的过程中的一部分，因此要教会学生不要害怕失败，反而会让目标更容易实现。故C选项“教学生不要害怕失败会让目标更容易实现”符合上下文语境，故选C。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Where are the bees?Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make hone
74、y, but they also pollinate (授粉) large areas of _21_, such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a. third of the food we eat is a(n) _22_ of pollination of the bees. _23_, bees have been disappearing at a(n) f _24_ rate.In 2006, beekeepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse
75、Disaster (CCD). The main sign of CCD is the _25_ of adult honey bees from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.There were many _26_ for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to _27_ pesticides and li
76、festyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from, _28_ honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now _29_ travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the _30_ change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks,
77、 which is very _31_ to bees. It is _32_ for up to 30% of the hive to die during _33_ due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not _34_ what they usually live on. _35_, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.The _36_ reaso
78、n for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very_37_ to the economy. The bee pollination services are _38_ over $ 8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done _39_, which would have, effects on the quality, of food and increase food prices. We hear a lot about
79、 big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest _40_ be the loss of that tiny flying insect.21. A. flowersB. treesC. cropsD. grass22. A. protection.B. resultC. powerD. impact23. A. EventuallyB. AccidentallyC. InterestinglyD. Unfortunately24. A. alarmingB. moderateC. amusingD. r
80、easonable25. A. escapeB. lossC. boomD. growth26. A. chancesB. theoriesC. adjustmentsD. excuses27. A. go withB. agree withC. do withD. deal with28. A. producingB. buyingC. giving awayD. processing29. A. consists ofB. accounts forC. lies inD. counts on30. A. beekeepersB. behaviorsC. pricesD. seasons31
81、. A. beneficialB. acceptableC. stressfulD. familiar32. A. avoidableB. temporaryC. not unusualD. rare33. A. flightB. circleC. stayD. transport34. A. interested inB. exposed toC. accustomed toD. hunting for35. A. Or elseB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Instead36. A. exactB. extraC. complexD. original37. A. ex
82、citingB. greatC. contraryD. costly38. A. spendingB. payingC. worthD. valuable39. A. by chanceB. by handC. in timeD. in turn40. A. may wellB. needC. mustD. cant【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了蜜
83、蜂正以惊人的速度消失，这可能和运输、农作物使用杀虫剂以及环境有关，但是没人知道确切原因。文章还说明了这种现象对人类和经济的影响。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂酿蜜，但它们也给大面积的农作物授粉，比如草莓、苹果和洋葱。A. flowers花朵；B. trees数目；C. crops农作物；D. grass草地。结合后文such as strawberries, apples and onions.可知蜜蜂给大面积的农作物授粉，比如草莓、苹果和洋葱。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们吃的食物中，大约有三分之一是蜜蜂授粉的结果。A. protection保护；B. res
84、ult结果；C. power力量；D. impact影响。根据后文of pollination of the bees.可知此处指人们吃的食物中大约有三分之一是蜜蜂授粉的结果。a result of“是的结果”。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，蜜蜂正在以惊人的速度消失。A. Eventually终于；B. Accidentally意外地；C. Interestingly有趣地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。上文提到蜜蜂对人们的食物有重要作用，但是不幸地是（Unfortunately），蜜蜂正在迅速消失。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，
85、蜜蜂正在以惊人的速度消失。A. alarming使人惊恐的，令人担忧的；B. moderate温和的；C. amusing有趣的；D. reasonable合理的。根据第二段中In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.可知蜜蜂正在以惊人的速度消失。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：蜂群崩溃失调的主要症状是成年蜜蜂从蜂巢中减少。A. escape逃走；B. loss减少；C. boom繁荣；D. growth生长。结合
86、后文In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.可知蜂群崩溃失调的主要症状是成年蜜蜂从蜂巢中减少，导致养蜂人报告说他们减少了30%到90%的蜂巢。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于蜜蜂的消失有许多理论。A. chances机会；B. theories理论；C. adjustments调整；D. excuses借口。根据后文But the most convincing one可知此处指关于蜜蜂的消失有许多理论。其它
87、选项不符合语境。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但最令人信服的是，这与农药和蜜蜂的生活方式有关。A. go with伴随；B. agree with同意；C. do with与有关，利用；D. deal with处理。结合后文pesticides and lifestyles of bees today.可知最令人信服的是这与农药和蜜蜂的生活方式有关。短语have to do with“与有关”。其中故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，养蜂人的大部分收入不是来自生产蜂蜜，而是来自租用蜜蜂给植物授粉。A. producing生产；B. buying购买；C. giv
88、ing away泄露；D. processing加工。根据后文honey可知此处指养蜂人的大部分收入不是来自生产蜂蜜。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这意味着，现在典型的蜜蜂的生活包括随着季节的变化，到全国各地为农作物授粉。A. consists of包括，组成；B. accounts for对做出解释；C. lies in在于；D. counts on指望。结合后文travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the可知蜜蜂的生活如今包括（consists of）随着季节的变化，到全国各地为农作物授粉。故选A。【
89、30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，随着季节的变化，典型的蜜蜂现在的生活就是在全国各地为农作物授粉。A. beekeepers养蜂人；B. behaviors行为；C. prices价格；D. seasons季节。蜜蜂给农作物授粉是根据农作物生长季节决定的。其他选项不符合语境。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着蜜蜂要经常乘坐卡车，这对蜜蜂来说压力很大。A. beneficial有益的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. stressful压力大的，紧张的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文due to stress可知蜜蜂要经常乘坐卡车，这对蜜蜂来说压
90、力很大。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在运输过程中，由于压力，高达30%的蜂群死亡并不罕见。A. avoidable可避免的；B. temporary暂时的；C. not unusual并不罕见，不在少数；D. rare稀有的。上文提到蜜蜂要经常乘坐卡车，这对蜜蜂来说压力很大，因此在运输过程中由于压力，高达30%的蜂群死亡并不罕见。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在运输过程中，由于压力，高达30%的蜂群死亡并不罕见。A. flight飞行；B. circle循环；C. stay停留；D. transport运输。结合上文That means a lot of t
91、raveling on trucks可知此处指蜂群在卡车运输过程中因为压力而死亡。故选D。【34题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：此外，大部分时间被锁在卡车上的蜜蜂也没有接触到它们通常赖以生存的环境。A. interested in感兴趣；B. exposed to接触；C. accustomed to习惯于；D. hunting for寻找。根据后文they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.可知蜜蜂被关在卡车里，接触不到它们赖以生存的环境，只能吃玉米的甜液为生。短语be exposed to“接触
92、”。故选B。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，它们以甜玉米汁为生，这种甜玉米汁通常被农药污染。A. Or else要不然；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Instead相反。上文提到蜜蜂被在关在卡车里，接触不到自己赖以生存的环境，相反（Instead），它们只能吃甜玉米汁为生，这种甜玉米汁通常被农药污染。故选D。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂消失的确切原因还不清楚，但是失去蜜蜂对经济来说是非常昂贵的。A. exact准确的；B. extra额外的；C. complex复杂的；D. original原来的。根据后文reason for the
93、 disappearance of bees is not sure以及第三段中提到的关于蜜蜂消失有很多理论，那么关于蜜蜂消失的确切原因还不清楚。故选A。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂消失的确切原因还不清楚，但是失去蜜蜂对经济来说是非常昂贵的。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. great伟大的；C. contrary相反的；D. costly昂贵的。根据后文over $ 8 billion a year.可知此处失去蜜蜂对经济来说是非常昂贵的。指故选D。38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂授粉服务每年的价值超过80亿美元。A. spending花费；B. paying支
94、付；C. worth价值，值得；D. valuable形容词，有价值的。结合后文over $ 8 billion a year.可知蜜蜂授粉服务每年的价值超过80亿美元。故选C。【39题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：没有了蜜蜂，授粉就只能靠手工完成了，这将会影响食品的质量，并增加食品价格。A. by chance偶然；B. by hand用手；C. in time及时；D. in turn反过来。根据上文With no bees, pollination will have to be done可知没有了蜜蜂，那么农作物的授粉只能靠人类手工完成。故选B。【40题详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：但最大
95、的损失之一很可能是这种小飞虫的消失。A. may well很可能；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. cant不能。结合句意表示“很可能”结合选项应用may well，其他选项代入不符合语境。故选A。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Antarctica is slowly starting to turn warm. According to the Guardian, the Antarctic _41_ (register ) a new high temperature for the first t
96、ime on record, _42_ (fuel) fears of climate instability in the worlds iciest place.On Feb. 9. 2020, Brazilian researchers at Seymour Island reported a temperature of 20. 75 on the _43_ (ice) continent of Antarctica. It was almost _44_ full degree higher than the previous record of 19.8, _45_ (take)
97、on Signy Island in January 1982.These higher temperatures can cause ice glaciers (冰川) in Antarctic regions to melt. The glaciers in Discovery Bay, _46_ the snow melted in little more than a week, have retreaded by more than 100 meters, leaving dark exposed rock. This melted ice leads _47_ a rise in
98、sea levels that can threaten the _48_ (safe) of coastal areas. It is believed to be behind an alarming decline of more than 50 percent in chinstrap penguin colonies, which are dependent on sea ice.As the American writer Ernest Hemingway put _49_, “The Earth is beautiful and worth fighting for.” We s
99、hould do everything we can to protect our planet. Otherwise, the Earth may _50_ (trap) in the heat we cant save.【答案】41. has registered 42. fueling 43. icy 44. a/one 45. taken 46. where 47. to 48. safety 49. it 50. be trapped【解析】本文是说明文，南极洲测得历史最高温20.75摄氏度。 融化的冰川导致海平面上升，这将威胁到沿海地区的安全。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：据卫报报
100、道，南极出现了有记录以来的首次高温记录，加剧了人们对这个世界上最寒冷地区气候不稳定的担忧。register意思为“显示（读数）”，句子主语the Antarctic和register之间为逻辑上的主动关系；上一句提到“南极洲开始慢慢变暖。”，此处用现在完成时表示对现在的影响或结果。故填has registered。42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据卫报报道，南极出现了有记录以来的首次高温记录，加剧了人们对这个世界上最寒冷地区气候不稳定的担忧。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。根据句意，“南极出现了首次高温记录”，从而“加剧了人们对南极洲气候不稳定的担忧”。故填fueling。【4
101、3题详解】考查形容词。句意：2020年2月9日，在西摩岛的巴西研究人员报告了在冰天雪地的南极洲的气温为20. 75。修饰名词continent，应该用形容词形式。故填icy。【44题详解】考查冠词或数词。句意：这几乎比先前1982年1月在西格尼岛测量的19.8的记录高了整整一度。此处用不定冠词a表示数量，意思为“一摄氏度”，可以用数词one表示。故填a/one。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这几乎比先前1982年1月在西格尼岛测量的19.8的记录高了整整一度。“the previous record of 19.8”和take之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语：take是不
102、规则变化动词，过去分词为taken。故填taken。【46题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：在短短一周多一点的时间里，探索湾的积雪就融化了，那里的冰川已经重新融化了100多米，留下了裸露的黑色岩石。分析句子结构，空后是定语从句，修饰先行词Discovery Bay，应用where引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。【47题详解】考查固定短语。句意：融化的冰川导致海平面上升，这将威胁到沿海地区的安全。根据句意，应是短语lead to意思为“导致，引起”。故填to。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：融化的冰川导致海平面上升，这将威胁到沿海地区的安全。在定冠词the后应是名词作宾语。
103、safe是形容词，名词形式为safety。故填safety。【49题详解】考查固定短语。句意：正如美国作家海明威所说：“地球是美丽，值得我们为之奋斗。” 此处是短语as sb. put it“正如某人所说的那样”。故填it。【50题详解】考查被动语态。句意：否则，地球可能被困于我们无法保存的热量中。短语be trapped in “被困于，陷入”；句子主语the Earth和trap之间为逻辑上的被动关系，前面有情态动词may，因此用“be+过去分词”；trap的过去分词需双写p，再加-ed。故填be trapped。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分
104、，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 ( )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Yesterday, we had great fun. We participated in a competition of Tang poems at hall of our scho
105、ol on April 24. The competition enjoyed great popular among us students. It was holding in an attempt to not only enrich our campus life and greatly motivate our passion for Tang poems. There were a great variety of interesting so well as exciting activity in the competition. We all fall in love wit
106、h the competition. We true valued the chance to appreciate it the beauty of our culture from this competition. We all looked forward to more competitions aims at promoting Chinese culture.【答案】1.hall前加the2.popularpopularity3.holdingheld4.andbut5.soas6.activityactivities7.fallfell8.truetruly9.it去掉10.a
107、imsaimed/aiming【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者昨天参加校园唐诗比赛的经历。【详解】1.考查冠词。hall后面有限制词“of our school”，应加定冠词the表示特指。故hall前加the。2.考查名词。在enjoy后应用名词作宾语；短语enjoy great popularity意思为“大受欢迎”。故popular改为popularity。3.考查被动语态。句子主语it指代the competition，和hold之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用被动语态。因此故holding改为held。4.考查连词。句意：举办唐诗竞赛的目的不仅是为了丰富我们的校园生活，也为了极
108、大地激发我们对唐诗的热情。此处是not only (but also)并列结构。故and改为but。5.考查连词。句意：比赛中有各种各样有趣又让人兴奋的活动。此处是短语as well as “也；和一样。” 故so改为as。6.考查可数名词单复数。根据a great variety of可知是“各种各样活动”，activity是可数名词， 应该用复数形式。故activity改为 activities。7.考查时态。根据文章开头的时间状语yesterday，文章叙述的是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时；fall是不规则变化动词，过去式为fell。故fall改为fell。8.考查副词。修饰谓语动词
109、valued，应该用副词形式。故true改为truly。9.考查及物动词。句意：我们真的很珍惜这个机会，从这个比赛中欣赏我们的文化之美。根据句意，appreciate为及物动词后直接接宾语the beauty of our culture，不需要代词it。故it去掉。10.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都期待能有更多的比赛来推广中国文化。分析句子结构，“aims at promoting Chinese culture”在句中作定语，修饰more competitions；如果是短语aim at“目的是，旨在”，more competitions和aim之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词aimin
110、g作后置定语；如果是短语be aimed at, more competitions和aim之间的逻辑关系为more competitions are aimed at ，用过去分词aimed作后置定语。故aims改为aimed/aiming。第二节 书面表达(满分25分)52.假如你是李华，你校迎来了美国姊妹学校的交流生，他们将在你校学习生活一周。为帮助他们忙适应学校生活，校学生会将举办一个欢迎仪式。请你代表学生会用英语在仪式上简短致辞，内容包括：1、表示热烈欢迎；2、简要介绍学校；3、学习课程及实践活动安排：了解中国文化，组织包饺子比赛等。注意：1、词数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以
111、使行文连贯。Dear fellow students,_【答案】It is my great honor to stand here and make a speech. First of all, on behalf of our school, I would like to warmly welcome the students who are from our American sister school. During your study, we will have a lot of communication and know each other. As we all know
112、, our school has a long history and many excellent graduates who are now studying in the key universities in China. At the same time, we offer a variety of courses and all kinds of extra-curricular activities.During the week of exchange, we have also arranged various courses and practical activities
113、 for you. Through the course provided, you can have a better understanding of Chinese culture. In addition, we will organize a dumpling making contest.Finally, I hope you can have a good time in our school.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求以李华的身份发表简短致辞欢迎来自美国姊妹学校的交流生。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文。时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法。要求：
114、1.表示热烈欢迎。2.简要介绍学校。3.学习课程及实践活动安排：了解中国文化，组织包饺子比赛等。第二步：列提纲（重点短语）on behalf of；long history；offer；have a better understanding第三步：连词成句1.First of all, on behalf of our school, I would like to warmly welcome the students who are from our American sister school.2.As we all know, our school has a long history
115、 and many excellent graduates who are now studying in the key universities in China.3.At the same time, we offer a variety of courses and all kinds of extra-curricular activities.4.Through the course provided, you can have a better understanding of Chinese culture.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连
116、句成篇1.表示文章结构顺序：提出欢迎；介绍学校；表示祝福2.表示并列补充关系：First of all；During；As we all know；At the same time；In addition；Finally第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如非谓语动词：Through the course provided, you can have a better understanding of Chinese culture；定语从句：As we all know, our school has a long history and many excellent graduates who are now studying in the key universities in China等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。
