1、 郑州市2014高考英语一轮（暑假） 阅读理解训练（5）及答案作者意图题-是指考查考生对作者言外之意的理解，这通常不在文中明确表达出来，而是含在文章之中。请看下面的例子：Like alcohol and drugs , TV can be enormously destructive to personal relationships . Look at our society , you do not need to be a psychiatrist (精神病医生)to know that TV has played an important role in the increase of
2、 violent crimes in our country . Many people will disagree with what I have written and pint out that TV is a wonderful tool for education and does a super job of reporting news , and they have a point . But its very difficult to use the TV wisely . How can you get your children away from the set wh
3、en their father can find nothing better to do ? It seems as if he has no control over his own environment because TV comes before everything . What is the writers attitude towards TV ?A. Positive （肯定的）B. Indifferent ( 中立的)C. Indefinite （不定的）D. Negative (否定的)通过阅读文章，可以看出作者并非全部否定电视的益处，其态度是辨证的，虽然电视带来好多弊
4、端，但它也有好多益处。所以选择B。*结束阅读理解猜测词义Passage * When we think about people who arc leaders, we often get a mental picture of someone who is older, smarter, and wiser than ourselves. Studies of leadership, though, have usually found that there is almost no relationship between skill as a leader and traditional
5、 measures of intelligence. Some recent research by psychologist Red Fiedle and his colleagues showed that both intelligence and experience may be important but just now how important depends upon how stressful the work situation is and what kind of task is to be ac- complished. The researchers obtai
6、ned measures of intelligence, experience, performance, and stress. Overall, these variables did not relate to one another. Men with high and low intelligence were equally likely to give good performance, as were men with more and less experience, or more and less stress with their bosses. Howevcr, w
7、hen you look separately at those men who have high stress with their bosses, thc picture changes. In high stress situations, there was no association between intelligence and performance, but there was between experience and performance. In other words, in difficuh situations, it was helpful to know
8、 the ropes. In low stress situations, the find ings were just the opposite. Experience was not related to good performance, but intelligence was. That is. when things are going well, intelligence is very useful in leadership.A study of fire fighters performance under high and low stress conditions a
9、lso found the experienced officers performed best under situations of stress. None of this is really very surprising. If you have ever had a supervisory job you probably found that at least as much energy went into handling (管理) people as went into handling the job itself. Tests of intelligence at l
10、east the ones we have now do not predict success in handling people. 1. What kind of people can do the best job in stress situation? A. intelligent people B. experienced people C. calm people D. skilled people 2. In the third sentence of the last paragraph. a supervisory job refers to_. A. a managem
11、ent job B. an advisory job C. a teaching job D. an organizing job 3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage.? A. In stress situations, there are no association between experience and performance. B. Some recent research suggests that most leaders arc lack of intelligence.
12、 C. In low stress situations, intelligence plays an important role in leadership. D. Generally speaking, leaders are likely to be cleverer than ordinary people. 4. In the second sentence of the fourth paragraph, to know the ropesmost probably means_. A. to understand the situation B. to control the
13、situation C. to get rid of the situation D. to make sure what to do about thc situation答案：D 指导：根据上下文可以推断本句意思是：换句话说，在困难的情况下经验有利于控制局势。*结束【阅读理解猜测词义】 Passage * There is one foreign product the Japanese are buying fasterthan others, and its popularity has caused an uneasy feeling among many Japanese. Tha
14、t product is foreign words. Gairaigo-words that come from outside-have been part of the Japanese language for centuries. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers. But in the last few years the tfi. ckle (涓涓细流) of forei
15、gn words has become a flood, and people fear the increasing use of foreign words is making it hard for the Japanese to understand each other and could lead to many people forgetting the good qualities of traditional (传统的) Japanese. The popularity of foreign words is part of the Japanese interest in
16、anything new, Days university lecturer and writer Takashi .%alto. By using a foreign word you can make a subject seem new, which makes it easier for the media (媒体) to pick up. Experts (专家) often study abroad and use English terms when they speak with people in their own fields. Those terms are then
17、included in government white papers,said Muturo Kal, president of the National Language Research Institute. Foreign words find their way easily into announcements made to the general public, when they should really be explained in Japanese.” Against the flow of new words. many Japanese turning back
18、to the stud)rd their own language Saitos Japanese to Be Read Aloud is one of many language books that ate now flying off booksellersshelves. We were expecting to sell the books to young people, said the writer, but it turns out they are more popular wii the older generation, who seem uneasy about th
19、e future of Jal anese. 1. What advantages do foreign words have over traditional Jal nese terms? A. The ideas expressed in foreign words sound new. B. Foreign words are best suited for announcements. C. Foreign words make new subjects easier to understand. D. The use of foreign words makes the media
20、 more popular. 答案：A 指导：第5段末提到原因，“用外来词语你可以让一个话题看上去很新鲜，而这样一来媒体更容易感兴趣。”2. In the opinion of Takastii Saito, Japanese people _. A. are good at learning foreign languages B. are willing to learn about new things C. trust the media D. respect experts 答案：B 指导：还是第5段，“外来词语受欢迎部分原因是日本人对任何新东西都感兴趣”，因此选B.3. Which
21、 of the following plays an important part in the spreace of foreign words? A. The media and government papers. B. Best-selling Japanese textbooks. C. The interest of young Japanese. D. Foreign products and experts. 答案：A 指导：第6段谈到这些词语的来历，出现在政府公文、广播中，即A。4. The book Japanese to Be Read Aloud _. A. sells
22、 very well in Japan B. is supported by the government C. is questioned by the old generation D. causes misunderstanding among the readers答案： A 指导：关于这本书。作者说“are now flying off booksellerss he lves”，因此选A.*结束阅读理解推理判断Passage * (典型例题) Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that s
23、cientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span. I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生) , said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future.
24、I think by 2075 we will see it and thats a conservative estimate(保守的估计). At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术)make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what ha
25、s been possible in the past. There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years, he said. Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years. However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body
26、is just not designed to last about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; could
27、you be healthy enough to have good quality of life? said Leonard Peon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Centre At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at alL 1. By saying we are knocking at the door of immortality, Michael Zey means_. A. they believe tha
28、t there is no limit of living B. they are sure to find the truth about long living C. they have got some ideas about living forever D. they are able to make people live past the present life span 答案: C 指导：immortality的意思为“永生”，所以MichaelZey觉得人可以长生不死。2. Donald Lourias attitude toward long living is that
29、 A. people can live from 120 to 180 B. it is still doubtful how long humans can live C. the human body is designed to last about 120 years D. it is possible for humans to live longer in the future 答案: D 指导：从第三段Donald的谈话可知，他认为人可以活120180岁甚至更久，200300岁。A项表述不完整。3. The underlinedit ( Paragraph 4) refers t
30、o _. A. a great push B. the idea of living beyond the present life span C. the idea of living from 200 to 300 years D. the conservative estimate 答案: B指导：全文谈的都是人的寿命能否超越现在的期限，故选B.4. What would be the best tide for this text? A. Living Longer or Not B. Science, Technology and Long Living C. No Limit for Human Life D. Healthy Lifestyle and Long Living 答案: A 指导：参考上题指导。*结束