1、Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1astronomy n天文学2astronomer n. 天文学家3solar adj. 太阳的；日光的4billion pron.&n.& adj. 英万亿；美十亿5carbon n. 碳6dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解；解散7acid n. 酸 第二屏听写8mammal n哺乳动物9dioxide n. 二氧化物10extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的11lessen vi.& vt. 减少；减轻12weightlessly adv. 失重地13sol
2、ar system 太阳系14carbon dioxide 二氧化碳_ 第三屏听写.高频词汇(汉译英)1system n系统；体系；制度2religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰3theory n. 学说；理论4violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的5atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛6unlike prep. 与不同；不像7fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的 第四屏听写8presence n出席；到场；存在9harmful adj. 有害的10chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链11reaction n. 反应；回应12multiply vi.& vt. 乘；增加1
3、3oxygen n. 氧14exist vi. 存在；生存15thus adv. 因此；于是 第五屏听写16puzzle n谜；难题vt.& vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难17biology n. 生物学18biologist n. 生物学家19gravity n. 万有引力；重力20satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星21gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的 第六屏听写22physicist n物理学家23climate n. 气候24crash vi.& vt. 碰撞；坠落25spaceship n. 宇宙飞船26pull n& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力27float vi.&
4、vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物 第七屏听写28globe n球体；地球仪；地球29exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽30in_time 及时；终于31lay_eggs 下蛋32give_birth_to 产生；分娩33in_ones_turn 轮到某人34prevent_._from 阻止；制止 第八屏听写35block_out挡住(光线)36cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋37now_that 既然38break_out 突发；爆发39watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防40get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解 二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读
5、单词1.astronomy n天文学2astronomer n. 天文学家3solar adj. 太阳的；日光的4billion pron.&n.& adj. 英万亿；美十亿5.carbon n碳6dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解；解散7acid n. 酸8mammal n. 哺乳动物9.dioxide n二氧化物10extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的11lessen vi.& vt. 减少；减轻12weightlessly adv. 失重地表达单词1.system n系统；体系；制度2unlike prep. 与不同；不像3fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的4mu
6、ltiply vi.&vt. 乘；增加5gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的6crash vi.&vt. 碰撞；坠落7pull n&vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力8float vi.&vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物语境活用1A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞) into the back of a bus.2Some experts think reading is the fundamental (基本的) skill upon which school education depends. 3Those anxious for
7、 reform say that the present system (系统) is too narrow.4He found something floating (漂浮) on the lake，which frightened him.5If you multiply (乘) two and three, you will get six.拓展单词1.religion n宗教；宗教信仰religious adj.宗教的2theory n学说；理论theoretical adj.理论的；理论性的3violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的violence n暴力violently a
8、dv.猛烈地；激烈地4harmful adj.有害的harm n&v.伤害；危害harmless adj.无害的5exist vi.存在；生存existence n存在；生存6puzzle vi.&vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的puzzling adj.令人迷惑的7globe n球体；地球仪；地球global adj.全球性的；全世界的语境活用1There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle)2Do
9、 you believe the existence of ghosts? Perhaps they only exist in the minds of some people.(exist)3Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens.(violent)4The harmful materials became harmless to th
10、e environment after being dealt with.(harm)5He often says that he doesnt believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others religious freedom. (religion)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.in_time及时；终于2lay_eggs 下蛋3give_birth_to 产生；分娩4in_ones_turn 轮到某人；接着5watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防6cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋7depe
11、nd_on 依靠；取决于8break_out 突发；爆发9prevent_._from 阻止；制止10block_out 挡住(光线)11get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解12now_that 既然1.Last night, Mrs. Green had a heart attack. But luckily, the doctor came in_time to save her life.2Do remember to watch_out_for cars while crossing the street.3At last the firefighters put out
12、the fire in the supermarket, which broke_out at ten this morning.4When the professor turned up, all the students cheered_up.5Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week in_its_turn.6Only by practising time and time again can you get_the_hang_of the grammar rules.7She married
13、 at 25 and gave_birth_to her first child shortly after.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。makeitadj./n.for sb. to do。掌握此项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。Mastering the technology makes_it_possible_for_us_to_use_the_Internet_more_effe
14、ctively.2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。 倍数表达法：倍数asadj./adv.原级as其他。在2016年里约奥运会期间，里约的汽车的数量是我们预料的三倍。There were three_times_as_many_cars_as we expected during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games i
15、n Rio.3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“(既然)重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。Now_that_Helen_understood_the_key_to_language,_she was very eager to learn more and use it as m
16、uch as she could.4.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. 我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。形容词作状语，说明主语的情况。当轮到他发表演讲时，他走到了麦克风前，紧张而尴尬。When it was his turn to deliver his speech, he walked towards the microphone, nervous_and_embarrassed.(四)初中考点
17、再回顾高频考查类记熟文化差异类辨清易忘易错类勤览1.have_parttime_jobs有兼职工作2have_meaning_to 对有意义3have a surprise party举行一个惊喜派对4have conversation with friends 与朋友对话5have fun doing 做很愉快6have . in common 有相同特征1.the_largest_population 人口最多2two_hours_later 两个小时之后3even better 更好4a couple of 少数5check out 察看；观察6have a good knowledge
18、 of 通晓；精通1.cartoon characters卡通人物2wooden chopsticks 木质筷子3The bell rang loudly. 铃声大作。4It is fun to do做是有趣的5hold ones hand 握住某人的手6shake hands with sb. 和某人握手一、过重点单词1harmful adj.有害的教材原句What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and ac
19、ids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。(1)be harmful to对有害harmless adj. 无害的(2)cause/do harm to . 对造成伤害/有害mean no harm 无恶意there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处多角练透单句语法填空Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very harmful (harm) to their
20、health.If you want to solve the problem in this way, there is no harm in calling him.单句写作这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。(2013安徽高考书面表达)These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing_serious _harm_to_life and the environment.2exist vi.存在；生存教材原句They laid eggs too
21、 and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.它们也下蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。(1)exist in存在于之中exist on 靠为生There exists . 某地有；存在(2)existence n. 存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在(3)existing adj. 现存的；现行的多角练透单句语法填空No one knows when such a custom first came into existence (exist)He finds it hard to ex
22、ist on the money hes earning.There existed an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so a judgment was not announced in court.单句写作在我们学校，自行车的存放是一个长久以来就存在的问题。(2014北京高考写作)The parking place for bikes was_an_existing_problem_for_a_long_time in our school.名师指津exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。3
23、puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题；(游戏的)猜谜教材原句How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.地球上生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。(1)puzzle about/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情(3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的；困惑的be puzzled about 对迷惑不解题点全练单句语法填空T
24、he police are still puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened.Where the missing plane has gone still remains a puzzle to us.When the little girl was asked such a puzzling (puzzle) question, she stood there with a surprised look on her face.This morning, when I was walking on the stree
25、t, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled (puzzle)名师指津过去分词形式的形容词，如puzzled, confused, frightened, excited, surprised等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look, voice, smile, expression, face等。.单词拼写1Im in a puzzle (迷惑) as to how to cope with the new situation.2He would never be ha
26、rmful (有害的) to anyone.3One theory (理论) about the moon is that it is a piece broken off the earth.4The ants were pulling (拖) pieces of corn.5Our English teacher is a man of religion (宗教信仰)6Students should pay special attention to fundamental (基础的) science.7In this violent (激烈的) conflict, he lost his
27、life.8Man cant live without water and oxygen (氧气).单句语法填空1Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didnt understand what I said.2There were many fish floating (float) in the river because of the serious pollution.3As is known to us, the Peoples Republic of China came into existence as an i
28、ndependent country in 1949.4Not all people are aware of the various effects of global (globe) warming on Earth.5It is wrong to see violence (violent) as the only way to solve problems.6When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful (harm) effects of smoking.根据提示词补全句子1众所周知，过量喝酒对你的身体有害。(harmful
29、)What is known to us is that drinking too much is_harmful_to_your_health.2他相信和中国建立更加良好的关系对这一地区的繁荣发展至关重要。(fundamental)He believes better relations with China are_fundamental_to the wellbeing of the area.3这个地区的建筑物是否需要拆毁还存在争议，人们仍旧在寻找着其他可能的解决方法。(pull)Whether the buildings in this area should_be_pulled_d
30、own has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible solutions.4幸运的是，有一些现成的关键原则你可以遵循。(exist)Fortunately, there_exist some key principles you can follow.二、过短语、句式1in time及时；终于高考佳句As a proverb goes, “Where theres a will, theres a way.” Our efforts will pay off in time.(2014山东高考写作
31、)正如一句谚语所说，“有志者，事竟成”，我们的努力迟早会有所回报。(1)in time for .刚好赶上in time to do sth. 及时做某事(2)in no time 立刻；马上at no time 决不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装)at a time 每次；一次at one time 曾经；一度at the same time 同时at times 有时；偶尔from time to time 有时；偶尔(3)take ones time 别着急；慢慢来kill time 消磨时间多角练透单句语法填空The car came to a halt just in time to_
32、prevent (prevent) an accident.All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas.补全句子Many people are at the same start, but seldom do they arrive at the ending point at_the_same_time.许多人起点相同，但他们很少同时到达终点。At no time did_they_actually_break_the_rules_of_the_game. It w
33、as unfair to punish them.他们实际并未违反比赛规则，惩罚他们是不公平的。2in ones turn轮到某人；接着教材原句Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.于是，他们接着成了这个行星上最重要的动物。in turn依次；轮流；反之；相应地by turns 轮流；交替地take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事It is ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事It turns/turned out that . 结果多角练透
34、单句语法填空They had to take turns to_look (look) after the patients.Now that we have finished designing, the company, in its turn, should do the constructing work.I think its my turn to_drive (drive) the kids to school this week.补全句子People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars
35、, and this in_turn_creates_more_problems.人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这将造成更多的问题。3cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)高兴；(使)振奋教材原句I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。(1)che
36、er sb. up使某人振作起来cheer sb. on (比赛中)为某人喝彩；为某人加油(2)Cheers! 口语(用于祝酒)干杯！题点全练补全句子When Im feeling sad, my mother tells me funny stories to_cheer_me_up.当我感到忧伤时，母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered_her_on.他们聚集在游泳池边为她加油。This is just for you. Cheers!这是特意为你调制的。干杯！名师指津cheer up既可以用作及物
37、动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。4make itadj./n.for sb. to doThis produced a chain reaction, which made_it_possible_for_life_to_develop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。句型make itadj./n.for sb. to do，其中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。(1)makeitadj./n.that从句makeitadj./n.to do不定式makeitno good/no use/no value .doing sth.(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：thi
38、nk, consider, find, feel等To make it easier to_get (get) in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.(2016北京高考单选)为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。Susan made_it_clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。I consider it_no_use quarrelling with him about it.我认为就这件事情和他
39、争吵是没有用的。5倍数表达法But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。英语中常见的倍数表达法有：(1)Abe倍数asadj./adv.原级as B(2)Abe倍数adj./adv.比较级than B(3)Abe倍数the名词(size/weight/length .)of B(4)A倍数what从句，表示“A是的多少倍”一句多译我的农场已经扩展成了
40、一个大农场，是原来的3倍大。My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times as_big_as the previous one.My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times bigger_than the previous one.My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times the_size_of the previous one.补全句子The population now in t
41、his village is five_times_what_it_was ten years ago.现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。名师指津在表示“两倍”时要用double或twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词times”。倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数，half等来替换。.单句语法填空1Look at the pictures and take turns to_tell (tell) the story.2If you want to succeed in the years to_come (come), you must study hard from now on.3It is
42、uncertain whether hell succeed in passing the driving test or not.4Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.5Now that the weather is fine, lets go for a picnic.6I had meant to call you, but was prevented from doing so.7Therefore, I couldnt spare enough ti
43、me to write you back in time. 8He failed the exam and I didnt know how to cheer him up.9After several years of practice, I think I will finally get the hang of spoken English.10Depending on their professional knowledge, they quickly put out the fire.短语填空depend on，now that，cheer up，break out， give bi
44、rth to， block out，watch out，in time1Please remove your cap, because it blocks_out my sight.2I am always watching_out for mistakes that I may have missed before.3Now_that you are grownup, you shouldnt rely on your parents any more.4Keep on trying and you will succeed in_time.5A fire broke_out near he
45、re yesterday, which destroyed many buildings.6My wife gave_birth_to a healthy baby last night.7Future agriculture should depend_on high technology as well as traditional methods.8I cheered_up the moment I heard the good news.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1尽管这并不是像我们期盼的那样好的一本书，但是仍然值得读一读。(as adj.n.as .)Though this is
46、not_as_good_a_book_as_we_expected,_it is still worth reading.2他们是否能够通过沟通达成协议还不清楚。(it作形式主语)Its_not_clear_whether they are able to arrive at an agreement through communication or not.3这些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。(形容词短语作状语)These travelers returned to the hotel, tired_and_sleepy.4无论他在哪里，早饭前散散步成为他的习惯。(make it n.to do
47、 .)No matter where he is, he makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk before breakfast.5李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(倍数表达法) Li Mings mobile phone looked just the same as Zhang Huas, but it cost_twice_as_much_as his.三、过语法、写作(一)单元小语法主语从句.单句语法填空1It is very important that a student should learn English well.2It sur
48、prised him why they came to visit him suddenly.3What has made John look like lacking sleep?That he had to prepare for the coming exam and stayed up last night.4What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.5It remains to be seen whether this plan is practical enough to keep the project
49、 going.6It made Kates parents excited that Kate entered the final in the tennis match. 7Whoever has helped to save the drowning old man is worth praising.8How the book will sell depends on its author. And I think itll sell well.9It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe
50、yourself.10Whether he would like to offer his help or not makes no difference to me.补全句子1毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。Where_he_will_get_a_job_after_graduation has puzzled him much.2令在场的每个人感兴趣的是他是怎样设法在森林中活下来的。How_he_managed_to_survive_in_the_forest interested everyone present.3他将要参加会议使我们每一个人都十分激动。That_he_will_att
51、end_the_meeting has excited every one of us.4我们明天是否会举行派对取决于天气。Whether_we_will_hold_a_party_tomorrow depends on the weather.5无论是谁只要违法就应该受到惩罚。Whoever_breaks_the_law should be punished.6已经得到证实，你说的是对的。It_has_been_proved_that what you said is right.(二)课堂微写作应用文写作题目要求假如你是李华，你在书店买了本词典，但后来发现有质量问题，于是你拿回去要求调换，
52、却遭到店员的拒绝。现请你根据下面的内容要点，用英文给书店经理Mr Smith写一封信进行投诉，内容包括：1写信的目的；2简要讲述事情的经过；3提出处理的要求。注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：Dear Mr Smith，I am writing to complain about the unpleasant experience I had in your book store. Yesterday morning, I bought a dictionary, which I later found of poor quality. Immediat
53、ely, I took it back to the store and asked the assistant to change it. To my disappointment, she refused, insisting that it was I who was to blame for the broken pages.Im in urgent need of a good dictionary. Therefore I suggest you have the dictionary changed or have my money refunded as soon as pos
54、sible.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua一、单元基础训练(限时25分钟).翻译句子1他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作重要而且必不可少。(make it clear)They_want_to_make_it_clear_to_the_public_that_they_do_an_important_and_necessary_job.2我们的学校是他们的两倍大。(倍数表达法)Our_school_is_twice_as_big_as_theirs.Our_school_is_twice_bigger_than_theirs.Ou
55、r_school_is_twice_the_size_of_theirs.3你既然得到一次机会，不妨充分利用它。(now that)Now_that_youve_got_a_chance,_you_might_as_well_make_full_use_of_it.4我们是以一首英文歌开始我们的英语课的。(begin with)We_begin_our_English_class_with_an_English_song.5你无论怎样表扬他都不过分。(cant . too .)You_cannot_praise_him_too_highly._6昨晚他家里失火了。(break out)A_fi
56、re_broke_out_in_his_house_last_night.7我们必须阻止水被污染。(prevent . from .)We_must_prevent_the_water_from_being_polluted.8我想要知道的是谁解决了这个问题。(what)What_I_want_to_know_is_who_has_solved_the_problem.9当你处于困境时，你可以及时请求帮助。(in time)When_you_are_in_trouble,_you_can_ask_for_help_in_time.10他说的任何话你都不要相信。(whatever)Dont_be
57、lieve_whatever_he_says.完形填空My mother left me a lot of things childrens books, family photos, wonderful music and most importantly, the ability and desire to burst into song. In 1998, my mother was _1_ for a seat in the Alaska House of Representatives. When her opponent won, I was sort of _2_. A few
58、weeks before, I got the call the _3_ was back. Years earlier, when she was the age that I am now, she was _4_ with the terrible disease for the first time. In her usual manner, she took care of business, _5_ my offers to come home and help. This time it was _6_. It would march on through her bones,
59、lungs, liver and _7_ brain, yet she kept singing, talking _8_ keeping people busy.One _9_ told me, “I dont know how to _10_ it, Anne, we found cancer in every part of her body. I dont know how she keeps on going.” My mother was _11_. “I dont know why everyone is acting like Im dying，” she _12_. Howe
60、ver, she lived every single moment, right up until the one in which she died.There are many days when I _13_ my mother today was one of them. I thought of her when I was walking my dog and looking at the blossoms _14_ out all around me. I heard her saying, “Arent you _15_ to have all these beautiful
61、 cherry blossoms .” She loved _16_ and even though she had been gone 10 years, I can still _17_ her. But she isnt around to see what amazing kids I have. She would be so _18_ of them all. Still I know that I have to be thankful for having so many memories.It was such a gift, this spring day, to have
62、 the _19_ of my mother. Every child _20_to have such a gift the memory of a mother.语篇解读：虽然作者的母亲身患癌症，但是她对患病的态度及反应都是积极的。虽然作者的母亲已经去世好多年了，但作者还是非常想念她，还能感受到她的存在。1A.caring BrunningCwaiting Dlonging解析：选B此处的run的意思是竞选。在1998年，母亲参加竞选阿拉斯加众议院的一个席位。2A.ashamed BrelievedCsurprised Ddisappointed解析：选B母亲没有竞选上使作者松了一口气。因
63、为她已经知道母亲的癌症已经复发了。她也希望母亲不要被选上。3A.cancer BdifficultyCnews Dambition解析：选A根据后文可以知道，母亲的癌症复发了。4A.covered BequippedCconnected Ddiagnosed解析：选Dbe diagnosed with“被诊断出”。5A.applying BenjoyingCrefusing Dforcing解析：选C虽然母亲被诊断出癌症，但是她还是在做自己的事业，拒绝我提出的回家帮忙的建议。6A.constant BdifferentCvalid Dstable解析：选B这次癌症的复发比之前的还要严重，跟上一
64、次完全不一样(different)。7A.finally BfluentlyCsilently Dslightly解析：选A这里描述了这次癌症复发会到骨头、肺、肝脏，最后会到大脑。8A.and BbutCor Dso解析：选A但是虽然是这样，母亲还是和平时一样，继续唱歌、说话和让大家忙碌。9A.chemist BdoctorCfriend Dvisitor解析：选B因为后面讲到的是母亲的病情，因此根据上下文可知，此处只能是医生。10A.explain BdenyCprove Dchange解析：选A医生说他不知道怎么跟我解释，癌症已经扩散到了母亲的全身，但母亲还是表现得跟以前一样。11A.mo
65、ved BannoyedCscared Dexcited解析：选B母亲对于大家对她的态度和做法感到有点生气(annoyed)。12A.apologized BcomplainedCcharged Dapproved解析：选B母亲说大家对待她就像是对待一个垂死之人，说话的语气是抱怨的。13A.treat BsupportCmiss Dblame解析：选C母亲去世之后，作者非常想念她。14A.coming BsettingCbreaking Dturning解析：选Acome out“开花”。这里指作者看到花园里盛开的花，想到了母亲以前对她说的话。15A.upset BluckyCgreedy D
66、generous解析：选B能够看到拥有这么漂亮的花，真是幸运。16A.winter BautumnCsummer Dspring解析：选D从最后一段可知，现在是春天，母亲喜欢的季节。17A.see BfeelCtouch Dsmell解析：选B虽然母亲已经去世10年了，但是作者还是能感受得到她。18A.afraid BproudCjealous Daware解析：选B母亲看到这些孩子们，一定会为他们感到骄傲。19A.choice BwealthCmemory Dpractice解析：选C作者发表感触，在春天的这样一个日子里，能够有对母亲的记忆真是一件礼物。20A.aims BagreesCde
67、serves Dhappens解析：选C每个孩子都理应有这样的一份礼物，就是有对母亲的回忆。二、高考题型组合练(限时50分钟).阅读理解Nothing succeeds like success, as every parent of a straightA student knows, but trying to highlight academic excellence by telling your child, “Youre so smart，” may be counterproductive (适得其反的)Telling kids theyre smart strengthens
68、the idea that intelligence is a genetic gift rather than a skill that can be developed.In a recent study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7.The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset (思维模式)” (believing that you can wo
69、rk harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset” (believing that your intelligence is unable to change)They then asked the children to complete a fastpaced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.In the task, children played a game, helping a zookeeper capture escaped animals b
70、y pressing the space bar when an animal showed up on their screen unless it was a group of three chimps.During the recording, researchers noted that brain activity spiked within a halfsecond after making a mistake, as children became aware of their error and paid closer attention to what went wrong.
71、The larger the brain response was, the more the children focused on the error.Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a “growth mindset” were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their
72、performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.For parents, the lessons are clear: dont pay compliments (赞扬) that suggest that intelligence is fixed.If a child hands you an A test paper, dont say, “Youre so smart！” Instead say, “Wow, that studying really paid off！” Note the
73、 effort, not the intelligence.Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn.“Many parents and teachers shy away from addressing a childs mistakes, telling them Its OK.Youll get it next time. without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong，” Dr.Schroder says.Here are addi
74、tional ways you can help enhance your childs education.语篇解读：本文主要讨论了家长如何应对孩子的成就，尤其是不要对孩子说“你真聪明！”。1What can we learn about childrens mindset from the study?AChildren are born with a fixed or growth mindset.BChildren with a fixed mindset pay no attention to mistakes.CChildren with a growth mindset are
75、more likely to make progress.DChildren with a growth mindset can catch more animals in the game.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段的整体内容尤其是“and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error”可知，具备成长式思维模式的孩子更容易进步，故选C。2Which of the following has the clo
76、sest meaning to the underlined word “spiked” in Paragraph 2?AStarted. BStopped.CPaused. DRose.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句及最后一句“The larger the brain response was, the more the children focused on the error.”可推知，画线词表示“激增”，故选D。3What should parents say to childrens performance according to the passage?A“You
77、are so clever！”for excellence.B“Its not good enough.” for excellence.C“You can benefit from it.” for a mistake.D“Its OK.Forget about it.” for a mistake.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn”可知，孩子在犯错时，家长应该鼓励其从错误中学习，并有所改进，故选C。4What would be the best title fo
78、r the passage?ANever Call Your Kid SmartBAlways Be Strict with Your KidCHow to Communicate with Your KidDHow to Comment on Your Kids Performance解析：选A标题归纳题。第一段第一句“Nothing succeeds like success . may be counterproductive (适得其反的)”开篇点题，再结合本文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讨论的是家长在应对孩子的成就时，不要说“你真聪明！”，故选A。.阅读七选五My father use
79、d to be an amateur wrestler and national champion.He was forced by his father to give up the sport in order to obtain gainful employment, which meant he wouldnt be able to win a medal for our country.Therefore, he made a vow that his unborn son would realize his unfinished dream. _1_He was about to
80、give up hope when one day, my younger sister Babita and I beat up two boys accidentally in response to critical comments.My dad found our potential to become wrestlers and began coaching us._2_ We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have short haircuts to avoid lice._3_ We
81、 complained about him all the time.Gradually, I realized that he wanted us to have a good future and not grow up to be ordinary housewives.Motivated, we willingly participated in his coaching.With great efforts, he made us competitive wrestlers and I won junior and senior championships, providing me
82、 with a chance to gain training in the National Sports Academy, where pride and agony fulfilled my mind._4_ As a result, I found myself losing every match at the international level.After that, I turned to him for help.Then he coached me patiently.Despite difficulty, I finally became the first India
83、n female wrestler to qualify for the Olympics, inspiring dozens of Indian women to take to wrestling.Even now, Papas words are still in my mind “Geeta, think about all the girls who are thought to be inferior to boys, girls who are forced to do chores, girls who are married and have children.Not onl
84、y will you compete with other countries, but also with those who look down upon women！” I will never forget about fathers instruction._5_ABut his methods were cruel.BI almost abandoned what Papa had taught me.CDisappointingly, my mother gave birth to all girls.DMy sister and I tried to escape.EI wil
85、l always owe all success to him.FAt first, my sister and I did not understand our father.GHowever, my mother didnt agree with him.语篇解读：“我”的爸爸曾经是业余的摔跤运动员和全国冠军，但被迫放弃了摔跤，他把所有的希望寄托在未出生的儿子身上，但是“我”的妈妈生的都是女孩。一天爸爸发现了“我”和妹妹身上的摔跤天赋，并开始对我们进行严格训练，最终“我”成为印度第一位取得参加奥运会资格的女子摔跤运动员。1选C根据空处前一句“Therefore, he made a vow
86、 that his unborn son would realize his unfinished dream.”可知，他要让他未出生的儿子实现他未完成的梦；结合第二段第一句“He was about to give up hope when one day ments.”可知，他几乎放弃了希望；据此可以判断，“我”的妈妈生的都是女孩，所以父亲很失望，故C项符合语境。2选A根据空处后一句“We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have short haircuts to avoid lice.”可知，
87、我们在清晨便要参加训练，必须剪成短发；据此可以判断，父亲的训练方法很残酷，故A项符合语境。3选F本段讲述了我们对于爸爸残酷的训练方式从不情愿到接受的心态的变化；根据空处后一句“We complained about him all the time.”可知，我们开始对父亲是抱怨、不理解的。故选F项。4选B根据空处后一句“As a result, I found myself losing every match at the international level.”和下文中的“After that, I turned to him for help.”可知，“我”在国际水平的比赛中总是失败，
88、而上文中讲的却是“我”不断胜利，拿到冠军；由此可知“我”摒弃了爸爸教给“我”的方法，结果在每一场国际水平的比赛中“我”都输了，故选B项。5选E本段叙述了爸爸的话，结合空处前一句“I will never forget about fathers instruction”可知，“我”不会忘记爸爸的教导，并从全文来看，“我”的成功与爸爸是分不开的。故选E项。.语法填空(2018太原市模拟)I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate _1_ a really old man with huge bags sat d
89、own across from me.I said hello _2_ him, smiling sweetly and then I suddenly thought, “Why not offer him a piece of chocolate？” So I did.He was quite _3_ (surprise), but accepted and thanked me.He said that people didnt usually do things like this for _4_ (strange) at least that was what I understoo
90、d, because he was speaking a really _5_ (usual) dialect, and the train was loud.Then he opened one of his bags and gave me _6_ handful of freshly picked cherries, _7_ (explain) that he had just taken them from his orchard.The cherries were really lovely, better than those in the shops, and I enjoyed
91、 them very much.It had been just an impulse (冲动) to offer him a piece of chocolate, but if I _8_ (do) so, I would never have tasted those lovely cherries, _9_ I didnt even know he had at the time.Life is about giving and taking, and its _10_ (general) true that if you give, you will receive.语篇解读：本文讲
92、述了作者的一次生活经历，启迪读者：给予和索取是相互的。1whenhardly .when .意为“一就”，为固定用法，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。2tosay hello to sb.意为“向某人问好”，故填介词to。3surprised此处是过去分词作形容词，在句子中作表语，修饰人。4strangers根据语境可知，此处表示“陌生人”，应用名词形式stranger，又因stranger是可数名词，故用复数形式。5unusual根据“at least that was what I understood”可推知，老人说的方言很不同寻常。6a固定搭配a handful of意为“一把”，故
93、填不定冠词a。7explainingexplain和主句谓语动词之间没有连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，且和句子主语he之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式explaining。8had not done根据“I would never have tasted those lovely cherries”可知，空处表示对过去情况的假设，故用过去完成时；此处表示“如果我没有那样做，我将永远不会品尝到这些好吃的樱桃”，应用否定形式。9which分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作had的宾语。定语从句的先行词为cherries。10generally修饰形容词应用
94、副词，故填generally。.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter沉溺于网络游戏不能自拔，甚至不听父母劝阻想要离家出走。请你根据以下要点提示，写信劝他放弃这个想法。1网瘾的危害；2要尊重父母并道歉；3建议他管理好自己的时间。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：Dear Peter, Im very sorry to hear that you have decided to leave home because of your conflict with your parents.I think its unwise to make such a
95、 decision. Addicted to playing online games, you are not only wasting your valuable time but also hurting the feelings of your parents. Your parents love you so much that they are trying every effort to make your life better. Therefore, wouldnt it be reasonable for you to respect them, have a talk with them and apologize? Meanwhile, you should manage your time more wisely and find some meaningful ways to spend your free time. Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua