1、2015高考英语译林江苏一轮教材全解：B7 U2.重点单词识记1counter /kant(r)/ n柜台；计数器；反驳；vt.反驳；抵制，抵消2bestselling /bestselI/ adj.畅销的3vital /vaItl/ adj.对极重要的，必不可少的4potential /ptenl/ n可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能；adj.潜在的，可能的5mass /ms/ adj.大规模的；数量极多的；n.一团，一堆；许多；(物理)质量6sickness /sIkns/ n疾病；恶心，呕吐7outcome /atkm/ n结果，后果8complex /kmpleks/ adj.复杂的，难懂的
2、；n.建筑群；相关联的一组事物；情结9theory /IrI/ n理论，学说10phenomenon /fnmInn/ n现象11chemist /kemIst/ n药剂师，药商；化学家chemical n化学物质；adj.化学的chemistry n化学12circulate /skjleIt/ vi.& vt.循环；传播，散布；传递，传阅circulation n循环，流通13abnormal /bnml/ adj.不正常的，反常的normal n& adj.正常(的)，一般(的)14astonish /stnI/ vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的as
3、tonished adj.感到十分惊讶astonishment n惊讶，惊异15effective /IfektIv/ adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的effect n效果，作用；影响16accelerate /kselreIt/ vt.& vi.(使)加速，加快acceleration n加速，加快17reasonable /riznbl/ adj.合理的，有理由的；公道的；明智的unreasonable adj.不合理的reason n理由；v.推理18applaud /pld/ vi.& vt.鼓掌；称赞，赞许applause n鼓掌，喝彩19sharp /p/ adj.锋利的；
4、急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的sharpen vt.& vi.(使)变锋利；提高，改善20addicted /dIktId/ adj.上瘾；入迷addict n吸毒成瘾的人，对入迷的人；vt.使上瘾，使沉迷addiction n瘾，嗜好addictive adj.使上瘾的，使人入迷的.重点短语识记1open up打开2in.form/in the form of以形式3try out测试，试验；参加选拔4in large quantities大量地5wear sb.out使筋疲力尽；使厌烦6look out for关照；当心，提防7take sb.s/sth.s place代替、取代某人、某物
5、8let out放出，发出9swell up肿胀，膨胀10be addicted to对上瘾，入迷11relate.to.把与联系起来12subscribe to同意，赞成；订阅；捐赠13fade away逐渐消失.经典原句默写与背诵1If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world，it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.倘若打开世界上任何一个药柜或去任何一个医药柜台，你很可能就会发现阿司匹林和青霉素。2It as
6、tonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead，which meant that the mould had killed them.令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。3If necessary，the patient will have to go to the Xray room to have pictures of his or her body parts taken.如果必要的话，病人要去X光室给身体的某部位拍X光片。4On arriving at the hospita
7、l clinic，we saw there were a lot of people there.一到达医院的门诊部我们就看到那里有许多人。5There is evidence that acupuncture began during the Stone Age，when stone tools called bian(砭) were used to press areas of the body.有证据表明，针刺疗法始于石器时代，那时一种叫“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。1He seemed astonished to hear the astonishing news，and looke
8、d at me in astonishment (astonish)2If your knife isnt sharp，you need a knife sharpener to sharpen (sharp) it.3Addictive drugs can easily make people addicted (addict) to them.4He is mentally abnormal (normal) and must be sent to hospital without delay.5I hope my suggestions will meet with your appro
9、val (approve)6We have already made arrangements (arrange) for our vacation.7I can hardly decide whether the information on the Web is related (relate) to what I am researching.8The audience applauded(鼓掌) loudly when the pop singer appeared on the stage.9The trucks wheels suddenly slid sideways on th
10、e snow as the driver accelerated(加速) forward.10As is known to us，to possess(拥有) wealth is not always to be happy.1 vital adj.重要的，关系重大的，必不可少的(essential)be vital to/for对重要的It plays a vital part in many bodily functions.它是很多身体功能中必不可少的一部分。Fatty acids are vital for building brain cells.脂肪酸对于构建脑细胞是必不可少的。特
11、别提醒(1)要表示“对来说重要的”，其后可接介词to或for。(2)vital后接that从句时，从句的谓语常用“(should)do”。夯实基础翻译句子(1)这次会议非常重要。This meeting is of vital importance.(2)我们得做些什么去拯救地球是至关重要的。It is vital that we do something to save the earth.2astonished感到十分惊讶的astonishing令人十分惊讶的be astonished at/by.被惊吓be astonished to do.做某事感到惊讶astonishment惊讶；惊
12、异in/with astonishment惊异地；吃惊地to ones astonishment令某人吃惊的是It astonishes sb.that.使某人吃惊的是It astonished me that she had changed so little.她几乎没怎么改变，这让我很惊讶。I was astonished to see him here.在这儿见到他，我很惊讶。夯实基础同义句改写It astonished us that he actually arrived punctually.(改为what引导的主语从句)What astonished us was that he
13、 actually arrived punctually.3a mass of/masses of许多；大量the mass of大部分in a mass大量地；大批地the masses群众；平民百姓Her garden is a mass of flowers.她的花园里种满了花。The masses are often the makers of history.创造历史的往往是民众。特别提醒a mass of/masses of大量的，许多的，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与mass保持一致。夯实基础完成句子(1)Sports fans came to
14、 the stadium in a mass(大量地) before the game.(2)She has a mass of/masses of(一大堆) things to do.4have a sharp eye/ear/nose for.对有灵敏的视/听/嗅觉keep a sharp watch for.严密监视at six oclock sharp在六点整He was rather sharp with his secretary when she got back late from lunch.他的秘书出去吃午饭回来晚了，他对她表现得相当不客气。夯实基础翻译句子请于七点整到这里
15、。Please be here at seven oclock sharp.5be addicted to对有瘾；热衷于addiction n入迷；上瘾addictive adj.上瘾的addict v使沉溺；使成瘾；n.入迷的人addict oneself to沉溺于Many of the women are addicted to heroin and cocaine.这些女人中很多人都吸食海洛因和可卡因成瘾了。I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.我大约有4年时间沉迷在电子游戏中。夯实基础用add
16、ict的适当形式填空(1)The boy smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.(2)She helped him fight his drug addiction.(3)I have an eating disorder and an addictive personality.(4)They are rock music addicts.6relate.to/with.把和联系起来be related to与相关relate to涉及；和有联系；理解related adj.相关的；有亲属关系的relation n关系；联系；亲戚in relati
17、on to关于，至于Your statement doesnt relate well with the facts.你的说法与事实不太符合。These two events were related to each other.这两个事件相互有联系。思考表示“和有关”的短语还有：be relevant to，be concerned with，be involved in，be associated with等。夯实基础用relate的适当形式填空(1)You can have genes related to the immune system.(2)Apparently relation
18、s between husband and wife had not improved.单项填空1To our ，the boss wasnt at the news at all.Aastonishment；astonish；astonishedBastonishment；astonished；astonishingCastonish；astonished；astonishingDastonishment；astonishing；astonished答案B解析考查astonish的名词和形容词的用法。astonishment为名词；astonished表示“感到惊奇的”，一般修饰人；asto
19、nishing表示“令人惊奇的”，一般修饰物。2The young dancers looked so beautiful in their new clothes that we took pictures of them.Amany of Bmasses ofCthe number of Da large amount of答案B解析many of后接复数名词，且名词前要有限定词；masses of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词；the number of 的数量，表“许多，大量”时要用a number of；a large amount of后接不可数名词。3Many car ac
20、cidents happened at this turn of the road.Asharp BurgentCimmediate Dquick答案A解析英文的sharp有很多中文的“尖锐”没有的含义，如本句的“急转弯”，用sharp，而不用urgent。4Tom the Internet failed in the exam.Aaddict Baddict toCaddicted to Daddicting to答案C解析形容词作后置定语修饰Tom，相当于定语从句省略了who was。故选C项。5Some parents cant their children，which often se
21、ts off the conflicts of feelings between two generations.Afind out Brelate toCturn to Dtake in答案B解析句意为：一些父母不理解孩子，这经常引起两代人之间感情上的冲突。relate to理解，符合句意。6One of being able to speak English is that you will have more job opportunities.Abenefit BinterestCaspect Dwelfare答案A解析考查名词辨析。句意为：能够说英语的好处之一是你可以有更多的就业机会
22、。benefit好处，益处；interest兴趣，利息，利益；aspect面貌，方面，情况；welfare福利，安宁，幸福。只有benefit符合语境。7As a matter of fact，her mother doesnt of her going to study in the United States.Aadmit BagreeCprove Dapprove答案D解析approve of sth./doing sth.意为“赞成(做)某事”，符合句意。admit of意为“容许；容有的余地”，与句意不符；agree不跟of搭配；prove证明，与句意不符。8The deadline
23、 for making an for the civil service exam is next Friday.Aappeal BapologyCapplication Dappliance答案C解析句意为：申请参加公务员考试的最后期限是下周五。make an application for sth.申请某事，符合题意。make an appeal for呼吁，请求；apology道歉；appliance电器，器具，均与句意不符。.汉译英1真的他就要到生命的终点，但他一直过着值得纪念的生活，几乎没有乏味的时刻。(dull)(2012北京开放作文)Its true that hes appro
24、aching the end，but he has been living a memorable life and there has rarely been a dull moment.2在初中的时候，我的一个同学Ethan对电视上瘾。(addicted)(2010广东读写任务)In junior high school，one of my classmates，Ethan，was addicted to TV.1It is cruel to try out the drug on animals because it is likely to kill them.2The fans le
25、t out shouts of excitement when they saw the famous star.3Bessie has always subscribed to the view that children should be given responsibility from an early age.4Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her.5Youll wear yourself out if you carry on working so hard.1try out for.参加选拔(
26、或试演)try sth.on试穿(衣物)try ones best尽最大努力try ones luck试试运气She knew I wanted to try the boat out at the weekend.她知道我周末想开船出去试一下。London Transport hopes to try out the system in September.伦敦交通系统有望在 9月份对该系统进行试运营。夯实基础用try on，try out填空(1)It even provides many instruments with which to try out new things.(2)Wh
27、en buying clothes，try on various colors and prints and see which ones make you look best.2 let out发出(give a cry)；放走，释放；(把衬衣、外套等)放大，放长，加宽(make.looser or larger)；说出秘密，泄密(give away)let alone不打扰；不惊动；更别提let sb./sth.be听任；不打扰let down使失望；辜负let go (of)放开；释放；忽略let me see让我想想Meer let out his breath in a long s
28、igh.米尔长叹了一口气。夯实基础写出下列句子中let out的汉语意思(1)Throwing their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.发出(2)It lets sunlight in but doesnt let heat out.放走(3)He didnt let out anything important.泄露(4)We can let out the waist a little bit.放大3subscribe for sth.认购subscriber(杂
29、志等)订购者，订阅者；(手机、电话等)用户；捐助者，资助者Are you going to subscribe to the opera this season?你要订购这一季的歌剧票吗？The subscriber you dialed is powered off.您拨打的用户已关机。夯实基础完成句子(1)He himself does not subscribe to such ideas(不赞同这样的观点)(2)He subscribes 10,000 yuan to(捐献10 000元) the charity every year.(3)I have subscribed to(已
30、订阅) English Weekly for five years.单项填空1A lot of teams wanted me to for other positions and I told them no.Atry out Bfigure outClet out Dbreak out答案A解析try out for.意为“参加竞选”，符合句意。2He was in a highsecurity jail and would probably never be .Abrought out Blet outCleft out Dmade out答案B解析let out释放，符合句意。3 th
31、e new medicine for a year and well see how well it works.ATry out BMake outCGive out DPick out答案A解析句意为：对这种新药试验一年，看看它的效果如何。try out试验，测试，符合句意。.汉译英有人把消息泄露了。(let out)Someone let out the news.用smell，look，taste，go，seem的适当形式填空1You look very young.2At first those questions seemed very easy，but later I found
32、 them difficult.3The flowers smell very sweet.4The meat went bad.5The mooncake tastes good.There is evidence that acupuncture began during the Stone Age，when stone tools called bian(砭) were used to press areas of the body.有证据表明，针刺疗法始于石器时代，那时一种叫“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。that引导同位语从句，用来解释说明某一名词的内容和实质。(1)能接同位语从句的
33、名词有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，order，answer，decision，explanation，information，thought等。(2)同位语从句一般用that引导，但也可以用连接代词(what，which，who)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)或whether引导。(3)有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouragin
34、g.我们应邀去参加那个会议的消息很令人鼓舞。夯实基础用适当的连接词填空(1)The news that we won the game is exciting.(2)Word came that he had gone abroad for further study.单项填空1The teacher didnt believe his reason for his being late his bike broke down on the way.Abecause Bfor Cthat Dwhat答案C解析考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，his bike broke down on the
35、 way是同位语从句用来解释说明reason的具体内容，故选C项。2 after a long walk，Henry called and said he couldnt come.AHaving worn out BBeing worn outCTo wear out DWorn out答案D解析句意为：长途跋涉之后， Henry感到精疲力竭，打电话说他不能来了。wear oneself/sb.out使疲乏，使筋疲力尽，因此主语Henry与wear为被动关系。故用过去分词短语作状语。Worn out after a long walk.相当于状语从句Because Henry was wor
36、n out after a long walk.。故选D项。3It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities；this is the information has been put forward. Awhat Bthat Cwhen Das答案B解析分析句子结构可知，空格后的句子为定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故选that。.汉译英他们面临着是否应该继续这项工作的问题。(whether引导同位语从句)They are faced with the problem whether t
37、hey should continue the work.1The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.(2012江苏，27)Awhen BthatCwhether Dhow答案B解析句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点发布。空格后的句子是用来解释说明名词the notice的，是同位语从句，先行词在从句中不作任何成分，所以用that。2Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand，even more so.(2012安徽
38、，23)Avital BavailableCspecific Dsimilar答案A解析句意为：兴趣对于学习来说，如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。四个形容词均可用于“beadj.to”的结构中。be vital to对(非常)重要；be available to可利用，可获得；be specific to对有特殊的意义；be similar to与相似。题干中含有as.as.结构，是就兴趣和理解能力对于学习的重要性进行比较。故选A项。3Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comme
39、nts on my paper and every page of my draft.(2012湖北，22)Aapproved BquotedCpolished Dfolded答案C解析句意为：最后，我要感谢我的指导老师，他给我的论文提出了很多建议和评论，并对每张稿件作了修改。polish修改，润色，符合句意。approve赞同；quote引用；fold折叠，都与句意不符。4An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons character；however，they are not always .(2011湖北
40、，24)Apractical BavoidableCpermanent Dbeneficial答案C解析句意为：不幸的童年或许对一个人的性格产生一些负面的影响，但不会是永久性的。practical实际的；avoidable能避免的；permanent永久的；beneficial有益的。根据句意可知应选C项。5The staterun company is required to make its accounts as as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.(2011湖北，25)Atransparent Breasonabl
41、eCsecure Dformal答案A解析句意为：国企被要求账目尽可能透明，以供全体员工监督资金的使用。transparent透明的；reasonable合理的；secure安全的；formal正式的。由句意知应选A项。6Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have schedules to make it easier to care for their children.(2010山东，35)Aheavy BsmoothCflexible Dcomplex答案C解析句意为：出门工作的母亲们应当有灵活的时间安排以便更便利地照顾小孩。hea
42、vy重的，严重的；smooth光滑的，顺利的；flexible可变通的，灵活的；complex难懂的，复杂的。根据句意，母亲们为方便照顾小孩应有可变通的、灵活的时间安排，故选C项。【2015高考复习】书面表达目前，我国高中学生英语学习困难的现象很严重，因此，一位即将进入高中学习的女生写信向外籍教师(Bruce)请教。请你根据信的内容和写作要点代替Bruce写封回信。Dear Bruce，Im writing to ask you for advice on how to avoid becoming a poor English learner in high school.Its said
43、that some students who were not so bad at English in the junior grow poor in it in high school.How I want to remain a good English learner in future！What should I do to achieve my aim？Thank you!Looking forward to your reply!Best wishes!Li Hong写作要点：1告诉Li Hong她所听说的英语学习困难的情况确实存在，但大多数的高中英语学习困难生都是初中英语成绩太
44、差的学生；2就如何防止高中英语学习困难现象的产生给Li Hong提出建议。树立高中能学好英语的信心；根据高中英语学习的特点，结合身边学习有困难的学生的不足，另提两条建议。利用高中开学前的时间复习初中所学内容；注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Li Hong，Your letter reached me this morning.Now Id like to share my opinion with you._Sincerely hoping you can benefit from the above and will
45、 be a successful high school English learner.Best wishes!Yours，Bruce【参考范文】Dear_Li_Hong，Your_letter_reached_me_this_morning.Now_Id_like_to_share_my_opinion_with_you.Yes，some high school poor English learners really got good English scores in the junior，but most are those who were too bad at English a
46、t that time.So dont be afraid of falling behind in future.Here are some tips for you.First of all，be confident that you can learn English well in the senior.Also，review the knowledge learned in the junior before the new school life begins.Besides，make necessary mental preparations for the hard learning in the senior.With more difficult English textbooks，you should preview the text and review in time what has been learned，especially the new words.Sincerely_hoping_you_can_benefit_from_the_above_and_will_be_a_successful_high_school_English_learner.Best_wishes!Yours，Bruce