1、Module 2No Drugs(主题语境：人与自我生活与学习)基础知识全面回顾JI CHU ZHI SHI QUAN MIAN HUI GU 单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1tobacco n_烟草；烟丝_2needle n._(注射用的)针；针管_3inject vt._注射_4jogging n._慢跑_5horrible adj._令人不快的；极讨厌的_核心词汇识记1_nearby_adj.附近的2_adult_n成人3_ban_vt.禁止4_crime_n.罪行；犯罪行为_criminal_n.罪犯5_addictive_adj.(药物等)上瘾的_addict_n.对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾
2、君子_addiction_n.瘾；入迷；嗜好6_danger_n.危险_dangerous_adj.危险的_endanger_vt.使遭受危险；危害_endangered_adj.濒危的7_powerful_adj.有力的；(药等)有功效的_power_n.权力_powerless_adj.无能力的；无权力的8_reduce_vt.减少_reduction_n.减少9_connection_n.联系；关系；关联_connected_adj.连接的；相连的_connect_v.连接10_illegal_adj.违法的；不合法的_legal_adj.合法的11_treatment_n.治疗_tre
3、at_v.治疗；对待12_likely_adj.可能的_unlikely_adj.不可能的13_disagree_vi.不同意；意见不合_disagreement_n.不同意；争执14_affect_vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭_effect_n.影响15_participant_n.参与者；参加者_participate_v.参加；参与16_recognise_vt.认识；认知；认出_recognition_n.认出；识别用所给词的适当形式填空1The drug is so _addictive_ that he is _addicted_ to it. Therefore，its hard f
4、or him to get rid of the _addiction_ to it.(addict)2He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in _danger_. So I told him driving fast was _dangerous_ and if he didnt slow down，he would _endanger_our lives.(danger)3After he came to _power_，everyone said he was a _powerful_ leader，but now he fel
5、t so _powerless_ that he even couldnt save his daughter.(power)4Much to our excitement，many _participants_ from other cities _participated_ in our activity held yesterday.(participant)5Charged of having _connection_ with the murder，the young man refused to admit that he was _connected_ with it.(conn
6、ect) 短语互译速记1有关系的；有关联的_related to_2戒除；放弃_give up_3破门而入；强行闯入_break into_4属于_belong to_5对上瘾；沉迷于_become addicted to_6take ones advice_听某人的意见_7put up_提高(价钱)；举起；张贴_8in order to/so as to_为了_9in pain_处于痛苦之中_10look up_查阅_选用上述短语填空1The young girl gradually _became addicted to_ reading，devoting herself to a wid
7、e variety of books.2The thieves _broke into_many houses while people in this village were celebrating the festival in the open air.3It was not until Jack made a contribution to the disabled that I knew he _belonged to_the voluntary organization.4When I was a child，my father always told me not to _gi
8、ve up_ whatever happened.5She _looked up_his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.6All the citizens here strongly insist those caught _putting up _“harmful” advertisements in the streets be punished strictly.1常见的“以-ly结尾的形容词”小结(1)lively 活泼的(2)likely可能的(3)lovely 可爱的(4)lonely
9、孤独的(5)friendly友好的2“v.-ant”名词全接触(1)participateparticipant参与者(2)serveservant 仆人(3)assistassistant助手(4)accountaccountant会计(5)inhabitinhabitant居民3“偷窃”扫描(1)thief n小偷；窃贼(2)pickpocket n扒手(3)shoplifter n扒窃商店货物者(4)burglar n窃贼；小偷4“着迷”短语万花筒(1)be/get/become addicted to 对上瘾；沉迷于(2)be crazy about 迷恋；热衷于(3)abandon
10、oneself to 沉湎于(4)be obsessed with 对着迷(5)be keen on 对着迷5常见的“in抽象名词”短语(1)in danger 处于危险之中(2)in silence 沉默地(3)in surprise/shock吃惊地(4)in excitement 兴奋地(5)in secret 秘密地6“无进行、无被动”短语汇总(1)belong to属于(2)take place 发生(3)consist of 由构成(4)break out 爆发(5)come about 发生(6)break down 出故障 佳句精析精练1Now I work in a cent
11、re for drug addicts，helping others to stop taking drugs.现在我在一家戒毒中心工作，帮助其他吸毒者戒毒。精析helping others.是现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。2The government put up the price of cigarettes so as to stop people buying them.为了阻止人们购买香烟，政府提高了香烟价格。精析stop (prevent，keep) sb./sth. from doing“阻止做”。stop和prevent用于该结构时，介词from 可以省略，但在被动语态中不能
12、省略；keep用于该结构，任何时候都不能省略from。3I couldnt agree more.我完全同意。精析couldnt/cant.more“不能再”，比较级用于否定句中表达最高级的含义。4Whatever you are doing when you want to smokedo something else!无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！精析whatever引导让步状语从句，在从句中作宾语。句式仿写根据上述句式完成句子1操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。All the football players on the playground cheere
13、d loudly，_saying that I had a talent for football._2他说他们不应该被剥夺通过学习获得学位的权利。He said they should not_be stopped from studying _for their degrees.3在我看来，这家旅馆的服务好极了。As far as Im concerned，the service in the hotel_couldnt_ have been _better_.4不管你说什么，我决不相信你的话。_Whatever you say_，I wont believe you. 单元语法过关动词不
14、定式作目的状语和结果状语从句语法填空1_To be_(be) an effective learner，you must have good study strategies.解析句意：为了成为一个高效的学习者，你必须有好的学习策略。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。2Under the environment of fierce competition，the only way John could imagine _to handle_ (handle) stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts.解析考查非谓语动词。句
15、意：在激烈竞争的环境下，John唯一能想到的处理压力的方法就是通过更努力变得更坚强。由于此处是the only way，后面需要用to do结构。要注意John could imagine的干扰，它是定语从句，用来修饰the only way。3Why do you hang that photograph above the fireplace?_To remind_(remind) visitors of the memorial days of Long March，sir.解析考查非谓语动词。句意：你为什么把那张照片挂在壁炉上。为了提醒参观者缅怀那段长征岁月，先生。根据语境可知此处表示
16、目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。4The boy is so young _that_ he cant go to school.解析句意：这个男孩如此年纪小以致不能去上学。that引导结果状语从句。考点探究素养演练KAO DIAN TAN JIU SU YANG YAN LIAN高频单词1addict n对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子 vt.使成瘾；使沉溺于激活知识 用addict的适当形式完成片段Playing computer games can be a dangerous _addiction_.It often starts as a hobby，but it is so _addi
17、ctive_ that many young people are _addicted_ to it.Sometimes the _addict(s)_ will break the law in order to play these games.导图助记He is now fighting against his addiction to smoking.他现在正努力戒烟。提示：(1)与addicted和addiction连用的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。(2)addicted常修饰人；addictive常修饰物。能力提升 一句多译他沉溺于享乐。He _addicted hi
18、mself to_ pleasure.He _was addicted to_ pleasure.完成句子_Addicted to playing_computer games，the little boy has lost interest in his lessons.迷恋于玩电脑游戏，这个小男孩对功课失去了兴趣。2reduce vt.降低；减少激活知识 完成句子Though the price of the house has been _reduced by_ 10%，we cant afford it either.尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。His life in the
19、 big city was hard and finally he was _reduced to begging_(beg)for a living.他在大城市的生活很艰难，最后竟然沦落到以乞讨为生的境地。导图助记提示：reduce.to 减少到reduce.by 减少了注意：要注意reduce作“使处于(某种状态)”，后多用介词to。能力提升 完成句子(浙江高考)减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。_One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about_feelings with someone yo
20、u trust.3affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；感动激活知识 语法填空(2020天津高考)The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to stop unwanted sound from _affecting_ (affect) you.(2019北京高考)He may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，_affecting_ (affect) the teams performance.(上海高考)With
21、 the governments aid，those _affected_(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.(2019北京高考)Individual talent will have positive effects _on_ team performance when task interdependence is lower.归纳拓展(1)be affected by 被打动；被(疾病)侵袭be affected with high fever 发高烧(2)effect n影响have an effec
22、t on 对有影响注意：affect是及物动词，表示“影响；(疾病)侵袭”时，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心理或感情上的影响，常用于被动语态，如：The audience was deeply affected.观众深受感动。能力提升 句式升级The audience were deeply affected，and they warmly applauded for a long time._Deeply affected_，the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(过去分词短语作状语)4likely adj. 可
23、能的；看来要发生的；似乎合适的adv. 很可能激活知识 语法填空(2019北京高考)These developments are likely _to make_ (make) our current problems with robocalls much worse.(2018全国卷)Its more likely _that_ none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging，or we think its annoying and unnecessary.(全国卷)One of his first f
24、indings was that articles in the science section were much _more likely_(likely)to make the list than non-science articles.归纳拓展be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事It is likely that. 很可能not likely 绝不可能(才不呢)易混辨析 possible强调事情客观上有发生的可能，但这种可能性较小，究竟能否成为现实尚存疑虑。possible不能用人作主语，常用It is possible to do sth.；It is possi
25、ble for sb.to do sth.；It is possible that.等结构likely一般指表面上看来有可能，成为现实的可能性比possible要大。likely既可以用人也可以用物作主语，还可以用It is likely that.结构替换probable一般指事情的发生是有根据的、合情理的或可信的，推理成分较重，所表示的事情成为现实的可能性在三个词中最大。probable 不能用人作主语，表示“某人可能做某事”用It is probable that sb.结构提示：(1)在以上的三个词中，只有be likely前面的主语可以是人，而possible和probable不能。
26、(2)只有possible后面可以接for sb.to do，而likely和probable不能。(3)这三个词都可用于“It系动词.that从句”句式。图解助记能力提升 句型转换Its likely that we will hand in the paper the day after tomorrow.We _are likely to_ hand in the paper the day after tomorrow.单句改错The earlier you stop smoking，the less possibly youre to have diseases related to
27、 it in later life._possiblylikely_5recognise/recognize vt.认识；认知；意识到；认出；承认；认可；认为激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义(2020江苏高考)We did not speak the local language，did not know the customs，and more often than not，did not entirely recognize the food.(_认识_)(2019浙江高考)We should especially recognize our childrens efforts
28、to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal.(_意识到_)(2019天津高考)No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my sons nursery and who recognized my face.(_认出_)(2018江苏高考)When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one，customers
29、recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.(_认为_)归纳拓展(1)recognise sb./sth. by/from. 根据认出某人/某物be recognised to be/as. 被认作/被认为是recognisethat. 承认；认可It is recognised that.人们公认(2)recognition n认识；认出out of/beyond recognition 认不出来联想拓展表示“认为是”的短语还有：regard.as.consider.as.see.as.view.as.think of.as.look on. as.tre
30、at.as.think.to be.能力提升 一句多译人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们所面临的最严重的问题之一。_It is recognized that_environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.Environmental pollution_is recognized to have become_one of the most serious problems that people face.常考短语6break into破门而入；突然开始(大笑、欢呼等)激
31、活知识 完成句子A dog would bark if someone tried to _break into their house_.如果有人试图闯入他们的房子，狗就会叫。As the Presidents car drew up，the crowd _broke into_ loud applause.总统的汽车停下时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。归纳拓展break away from 突然逃脱；脱离break down 停止运转；失败；(健康)变得恶劣；(感情)失去控制break in 闯入；打断break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生break off中断；突然停止break th
32、rough 突破；强行穿过break up 解散；结束；击碎注意：break in和break into都表示“闯入”，但二者用法不同。前者为不及物动词短语，后面不跟宾语，不用于被动语态；后者是及物动词短语，可以接宾语，可用于被动语态。能力提升 介副词填空The shop was broken _into_ and a lot of jewels were stolen last night.She started to speak，and then broke _off_ when a waitress served us coffee.Our car broke _down_ and we
33、 had to push it off the road.Hearing the bad news，the lady broke _into_ tears.7give up 放弃；停止；戒掉；交出；让出激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义(2019全国卷)I dont see any reason to give up work.(_放弃_)The young man gave up his seat on the bus to the old man.(_让出_)If we expect people to give up the habit of drinking，we must g
34、ive them an alternative they can rely on.(_戒掉_)归纳拓展give away 泄露(机密)；暴露；分发give back 归还；送回give in 屈服；让步；交上试卷；宣布give in to 屈从；向让步give off 发出(蒸气、光等)；散发(气味)give out 用完；用尽；分发；公布；筋疲力尽注意：give up后跟名词、代词，v.-ing形式作宾语，代词要放在give up的中间。能力提升 介副词填空Brian was about to give _up_ when he suddenly found an answer to the
35、 question.She wouldnt give _in_ until she received a full apology.After a month，their food supplies gave _out_.He said he hadnt done that，but his expression gave him _away_.8belong to 属于；为的财产；为的一员激活知识 用belong的适当形式填空Anyone has no right to take the land _belonging_ to the state as their own.(2018全国卷)W
36、hy do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their _belongings_?Put that chair back where it _belongs_.归纳拓展(1)belong to后接代词宾格，不要误用名词性物主代词。Does that book _belong to_ you？(正)Does that book belong to yours？(误)那本书是你的吗？(2)belong to不用于被动语态，无进行时。The dictionary _belongs to_ me.(正)The di
37、ctionary is belonged to me.(误)这本词典是我的。提示：belonging作“所有物；行李”讲时，多以复数形式出现belongings。类似的还有下列单词：surroundings环境；savings 储蓄；findings调查结果；earnings挣的钱；writings作品；possessions财富。能力提升 句式升级这幢漂亮的建筑是他家的。The beautiful building _belongs to _his family.这幢建筑可以追溯到明朝。The building can _date back to _the Ming Dynasty.用分词短
38、语作定语合并。_The beautiful building belonging to his family can date back to the Ming Dynasty./The beautiful building dating back to the Ming Dynasty belongs to his family_.必备句型9I couldnt agree more.我完全同意。(我再同意不过了。)激活知识 翻译句子No one could be more generous; he has a heart of gold.译：_没有人有比他更慷慨大方了，他拥有一颗金子般高尚的
39、心。_One can never be too old to learn.译：_活到老学到老。_归纳拓展(1)cant/couldnt比较级。该句型表示“非常；不能再”，从表面上看是否定的形式，而实际上是用否定的形式表示肯定的概念，表达最高级的含义。(2)下列结构均表示最高级的含义：完成时neversoadj.(adv.)/soadj.a(n)n./such(a/an)adj.n.cannot (never)/could not (never)与enough/too连用也表示最高级含义，意为“再也不”比较级thanany other单数名词比较级thananything/anyone else
40、比较范围能力提升 语法填空A microwave oven must be a big convenience to a busy couple.Just cant agree _more_(much)，dear.But when do you plan to get one?He is _cleverer_(clever)than any other student in the class.10Whatever youre doing when you want to smokedo something else.无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！激活知识 句式仿写_Whatev
41、er he says_，his friends will believe it.无论他说什么，他的朋友都会相信。_Whatever happens_，you mustnt lose heart.不管发生什么，你一定不要气馁。归纳拓展(1)whatever在本句中引导让步状语从句，其含义相当于no matter what，意为“不管什么；无论什么”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。(2)whatever还可引导名词性从句，此时不能换成no matter what。能力提升 句型转换However far away we are，we feel close to each other._No ma
42、tter how far away we are_，we feel close to each other.Whatever he did，his parents supported him._No matter what he did_，his parents supported him.课堂达标巩固提升KE TANG DA BIAO GONG GU TI SHENG.单句语法填空1This girl was reduced to _becoming_ (become) a beggar to earn a living.2It is _illegal_ (legal) to sell ci
43、garettes to someone under 18.3The chairman is the most _powerful_ (power) man in the government.4The old man stopped the children _playing_ (play) near the river.5They were so angry that they broke _into_ a quarrel.6She is now under medical _treatment_ (treat) because she is seriously ill.7Because o
44、f the heavy fog，Mr. Smith is likely _to arrive_ (arrive) a bit late.8This dictionary _belonging_ (belong) to me is worth 20 dollars.9The sun began to rise in the sky，_bathing_ (bathe) the mountain in golden light.10Considering their age，they couldnt have done it _better_ (good).单句改错1The operation wa
45、s a success and she is now out of the danger._去掉the_2The Chinese government has decided to ban smoke in public places._smokesmoking_3The dictionary belonged to me was lent to Tom two weeks ago._belongedbelonging_4Addicting to Chinese culture，he decided to learn Chinese in a night school._AddictingAd
46、dicted_5The thief broke in the office and stole some money._ininto_6This is recognised that the solution is only temporary._ThisIt_7People living in rural areas are possible to be more friendly than those living in the city._possiblelikely_8The accident in the mine caused fifty-one death._deathdeath
47、s_9He said he hadnt told her，but his expression gave himself out._outaway_10She has made up her mind to live with him whichever happens._whicheverwhatever_.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。I am Adam Rouse，and I used _1.to be_(be) a drug addict.At the age of 15，I started using drugssome cann
48、abis _2.sold_(sell) by a man in the street. Some time later，he offered me some crack cocaine which is a _3.powerfully_(powerful) addictive drug and can be injected or smoked.After using crack cocaine once or twice，I became addicted _4.to_ it though I knew the dangerous aspects of smoking itit can in
49、crease the users heart rate and blood pressure，_5.and_ lead to heart attacks.At the same time _6.smoking_ (smoke) drugs needed a lot of money and I didnt have enough money，_7.so_ I broke into a house，stole a television and a video recorder and took them to the drug dealer._8.In_ the end，the police t
50、ook me to the police station._9.Later_ (late)，a doctor advised me to stop taking drugs and I followed his advice and now I am working in a centre for drug _10.addicts_ (addict).话题延伸写作写作素材(关于毒品)1昨天晚上，一名罪犯为了弄到钱买毒品闯进了当地的一家银行。2据报道，这名罪犯对可卡因上瘾。3这严重地影响了他的健康。4无论谁认出了他请报警。5他很可能在数天之内被警察抓获。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用
51、which和who引导的定语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)_参考范文_Last night，a criminal broke into a local bank in order to get money to buy drugs.It is reported that the criminal is addicted to cocaine，which affects his health seriously.Anyone who recognises him please call the police.He is likely to be caught by the police in several days. _
