1、动词的时态与语态基础训练1. (孝感高中2014届高三期末)I _ take a holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. (intend)我原打算今年休假,但是太忙脱不开身。解析:had intended to考查时态。“打算”这一动作发生在“太忙”之前,而“太忙”又是过去的动作,所以打算属于过去的过去,故句子的谓语动词要用过去完成时态。intend to do sth.意为“打算干某事”。2. (湖北恩施高中2014届高三质检)The past two centuries the rise and fall of Chinese na
2、tion. (see)过去的两个世纪见证了中华民族的兴衰。解析:have seen考查时态。由句子的主语the past two centuries可知句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时态。3. (湖北2014届高三调考)The refrigerator that I broke down again. What bad luck! (repair)我之前让人修理的电冰箱又坏了。真倒霉啊!解析:had had repaired考查时态。have sth. done意为“找人干某事”。“让人修理”这一动作发生在“坏了”之前,而“坏了”发生在过去,所以从句的谓语动词发生在过去的过去,故应用过去完成时态。
3、4. (湖北八校2014届高三联考)I would have attended your party, but I _ an examination yesterday. (busy)我应该来参加你的晚会的,但是我昨天忙着准备考试。解析:was busy (in) preparing for考查时态。由句子的时间状语yesterday可知,句子的谓语动词要用一般过去时。be busy doing sth.意为“忙于干某事”。5. (黄冈润德高中2014届月考)Festivals and celebrations of all kinds _ everywhere since ancient t
4、imes. (hold) 自古以来,世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。解析:have been held考查时态和语态。由句子的时间状语since ancient times可知句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时,句子的主语festivals and celebrations of all kinds和谓语动词hold之间为被动关系,所以句子的谓语动词要用被动语态。6. (2014届孝感高中调研)We _ for fifteen years, but believe it or not, I recognized him the moment I saw him. (meet)我们有十五年没见面,但
5、是信不信由你,我一见到他就认出了他。解析:hadnt met考查时态。由句子的时间状语for fifteen years可知句子的谓语动词要用完成时态。“见到他”和“认出了他”为过去时间的动作,所以空格处要用过去完成时。7.(2014武汉高三起点调研) At present another bridge across the Yangtze River in the city. ( build)这座城市现在正在修建另一座跨长江大桥。解析:is being built考查时态和语态。由时间状语at present以及汉语提示可知,句子的谓语动词要用进行时,another bridge与build
6、之间为动宾关系,所以句子的谓语动词要用被动语态。8. (2014年湖北八市高三联考)Central government jobs “golden rice bowl” for their stable income and generous benefits. (describe)政府部门的工作因其稳定的收入和优厚的福利经常被描述为“金饭碗”。解析:are often described as 考查时态。句子表达的是经常性的事情所以要用一般现在时。describeas意为“把描述为”。describe与central government jobs之间为动宾关系,所以句子的谓语动词要用被动语
7、态。9. (2014年湖北八市高三联考)Dont worry. Its a storm in a teacup. Everyone_ about it by tomorrow. (forget)别担心,这不过是茶杯里掀风浪,到明天大家会忘记这事.解析:will have forgotten考查时态。由时间状语by tomorrow可知,句子的谓语动词要用将来完成时。 提高强化1.(荆州2014届高三质检)The young lady _ with her husband about money and housework. (hear) 经常听到那位年青女士为钱和家务事与丈夫争吵。解析:is
8、often heard to quarrel 考查时态和语态。根据汉语意思可知,“那位年青女士为钱和家务事与丈夫争吵”是经常性的事情,所以句子的谓语动词要用一般现在时态;the young lady和hear之间为被动关系,所以句子的谓语动词要用被动语态。hear sb. do sth.为省略了to的不定式,在被动语态中要把省略的to补出来。2. (湖北武昌区2014届高三调研)Many new technologies, such as Google Glasses, 3D printing, and cloud computing, our lives in the past five y
9、ears (affect) 在过去五年里,像谷歌眼镜、3D打印、云计算这样的许多新技术一直在影响着我们的生活。解析:have been affecting考查时态。由时间状语in the past five years并结合句意可知,句子的谓语动词要用现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示动作或者状态从过去就已经开始一直持续到现在,还有可能继续持续下去。3. (湖北龙泉中学2014届高三月考)Many of the soldiers were diagnosed with cancer after they came back from the front because they _ radia
10、tion during the war. (expose) 很多士兵从前线回来都被诊断出了癌症,因为他们在战争期间曾暴露在辐射中。解析:had been exposed to 考查时态。“暴露在辐射中”发生在“诊断出了癌症”之前,是过去的过去,所以从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时态。be exposed to意为“暴露于”。4. (黄冈中学2014届高三月考)The chief engineer including his colleagues _state secrets to America over these years. (betray)这些年来,这位总工程师与他的同事们一直在向美国泄露
11、国家机密。解析:has been betraying考查时态。由句子的时间状语over these years“泄露国家机密”从过去就开始了,并且一直持续到现在并还有可能继续持续下去,由此可知句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时进行时。现在完成进行时表示动作或者状态从过去就已经开始一直持续到现在,还有可能继续持续下去。5.(湖北浠水三校2014届高三月考)That was the first time in fifteen years that _. (meet) 那是十五年后我们的第一次见面。解析:we had met考查时态。It(This)is/was the first/second/thir
12、d.time that.,“某人第一/二/三次干某事”。在本结构中, that 引导的是定语从句, that可以省略,从句的时态必须是现在完成时或者过去完成时;如果系动词是is,从句用现在完成时;如果是was,从句用过去完成时。6. (湖北襄阳2014届高三调研)To beautify our city, a large number of old houses along the street up to the present (pull)为了美化城市,到目前为止大量沿街房屋已经被拆除。解析:have been pulled down考查时态和语态。up to the present意为“
13、到目前为止”。由时间状语up to the present 可知句子要用现在完成时;pull down意为“拆除”,pull down和old houses 之间为动宾关系,所以句子的谓语动词要用被动语态。7. (黄石二中、黄冈中学、鄂州高中2014届高三联考)The administration of the government _ that once caught playing games or shopping on line in the office,the civil servant must be fired at once without any reason.(make)
14、政府行政部门已经制定规矩:一旦被发现在办公室玩游戏或网购,该公务员必须毫无理由地立即被解雇。解析:has made it a rule考查时态。根据汉语提示可知句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时态。现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。make sth. a rule意为“使成为规则”,在句中it为形式宾语,代指that从句的内容。8. (湖北2014届10月联考)It is said that the project _ by the end of this November and many college students will benefit from it. (complet
15、e)据说这项工程在11月底将会完成,届时很多大学生将会受益。解析:will have been completed考查时态和语态。由句子的时间状语by the end of this November并结合句意可知句子的谓语动词要用将来完成时。the project与complete之间为动宾关系,所以句子的谓语动词要用被动语态。9. (湖北重点中学2014届联考)Because it was the first time she _ on stage, she felt very nervous. (sing)因为这是她第一次在舞台上唱歌,她觉得非常紧张。解析:had sung 考查时态。I
16、t(This)is/was the first/second/third.time that.,“某人第一/二/三次干某事”。在本结构中,that 引导的是定语从句, that可以省略,从句的时态必须是现在完成时或者过去完成时;如果系动词是is,从句用现在完成时;如果是was,从句用过去完成时。10. (湖北重点中学2014届高三联考)My money and I have to cut down some of the living expenses. (run)我的钱快要用完了,我得削减部分生活开支了。解析:is running out考查时态。“用完,耗尽”应是run out,为不及物动
17、词短语,不用被动语态;由汉语意思可知,钱还没用完,故用现在进行时表示将来的动作,所以答案为is running out。11. (2014襄阳高三调研)Up till now I _an ideal flat. But the house price is too high for me to accept. (look)目前,我一直在寻找理想的公寓。但房价太高我不能接受。解析:have been looking for考查时态。由句子的时间状语up to now以及句意可知“寻找理想的公寓”从过去就开始了,并且一直持续到现在并还有可能继续持续下去,由此可知句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时进行时。现在完成进行时表示动作或者状态从过去就已经开始一直持续到现在,还有可能继续持续下去。